2023年第10期共收录46篇

1. Visual Positioning and Picking Pose Estimation of Tomato Clusters Based on Instance Segmentation

Accession number: 20234515009047

Title of translation: 基于实例分割的番茄串视觉定位与采摘姿态估算方法

Authors: Zhang, Qin (1); Pang, Yuesheng (1); Li, Bin (2)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou; 510641, China; (2) School of Automation Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou; 510641, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 54

Issue: 10

Issue date: 2023

Publication year: 2023

Pages: 205-215

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Recognizing and positioning the picking points (spatial position and coordinate points), and determining the appropriate picking pose according to the direction of fruit stem, are the keys for the robot to achieve efficient and lossless picking during harvesting. However, the harvesting environment is complex and changeable, the color of fruit stem is similar to the branches and leaves, and the tomato clusters are always with different colors and shapes. Furthermore, tomato clusters grow in different directions, and the end effector frequently interferes with the leaves and vine during picking, there are often situations of “not picking when robot see it”, which reduces the recognition accuracy of picking points and picking rate. Aiming at this problem, considering the growth characteristics of tomato clusters, a method for visual positioning and picking pose estimation of tomato clusters based on instance segmentation was proposed. Firstly, based on the instance feature standardization, and the mask scoring mechanism of the YOLACT algorithm, the high quality and reliable region of interest (ROIs) and masks of tomato clusters were collected. Specifically, in order to efficiently achieve the coarse segmentation of fruit stems via the YOLACT. Then, according to the stem mask information and the neighbor relationship between tomato ROIs and stem ROIs, the ROIs of pickable stems were determined. Meanwhile, the pickable stem edges were finely extracted from the stem ROI by using the thinning algorithm, together with expansion operation and shape characteristics of stem. Secondly, the picking point in image coordinate system was obtained, which was set as the center point of stem skeleton along the X (or Y) axis. Subsequently, the depth map of pickable stem ROI was used for obtaining the original depth value of picking point. Specifically, due to the large depth value errors, or even a lack of depth values when capturing small objects by the economical RGB - D depth camera. By using only the depth map corresponding to the stem mask area, the average depth value of picking point was calculated. The accurate depth value of picking point was obtained by comparing the average with the original depth value. Thirdly, according to the geometric features of fruit stem, the tangent slope of fruit stem at the picking point was calculated, and the search algorithm was used for finding the endpoints of fruit stem. Correspondingly, fruit stem direction was estimated by the vector composed of two endpoints of fruit stem. Finally, the picking point was converted to the robot coordinate system. Simultaneously, according to the tangent slope and the direction of fruit stem, the picking pose of the end effector was determined. Eventually, the robot was guided to complete the picking task with an appropriate pose. A large number of field test verified that the average recognition rate of pickings point was 98. 07%, while the image resolution was 1 280 pixel X 720 pixel, the processing rate of the algorithm was 21 f/s, the maximum positioning error of the image coordinates of picking points was 3 pixels, and the depth value error was ±4 mm. After the picking points were successfully positioned, the picking rate was 98. 15%. Compared with the existing similar methods, the positioning accuracy of the picking point was increased by 76. 80 percentage points, the picking rate was increased by 15. 17 percentage points, and picking efficiency was increased by 31. 18 percentage points. Therefore, the proposed method fully met the requirements for robots in unstructured environment during harvesting. ? 2023 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 29

Main heading: Fruits

Controlled terms: Agricultural robots? - ?Clustering algorithms? - ?Color? - ?End effectors? - ?Harvesting? - ?Image segmentation

Uncontrolled terms: Cluster-based? - ?Depth value? - ?Instance segmentation? - ?Percentage points? - ?Picking pose estimation? - ?Pose-estimation? - ?Region-of-interest? - ?Regions of interest? - ?Tomato cluster? - ?Visual positioning

Classification code: 731.5 Robotics? - ?741.1 Light/Optics? - ?821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?903.1 Information Sources and Analysis

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.50E 01%, Percentage 7.00E 00%, Size 4.00E-03m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2023.10.020

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2023 Elsevier Inc.

2. Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer Reduction under Water-saving Irrigation on NH3, N2O Emissions and Absorption of Nitrogen Fertilizer in Black Soil Paddy Fields

Accession number: 20234515021635

Title of translation: 氮肥减施对节水灌溉稻田NH3与N2O排放及氮肥利用的影响

Authors: Li, Tiecheng (1, 2); Zhang, Zhongxue (1, 2); Zhang, Zuohe (3); Du, Sicheng (1, 2); Han, Yu (1, 2); Xue, Li (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Effective Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China; (3) College of Agriculture and Hydraulic Engineering, Suihua University, Suihua; 152061, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 54

Issue: 10

Issue date: 2023

Publication year: 2023

Pages: 348-355

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Field experiment was conducted in black soil paddy fields in Heilongjiang Province to explore the response regularity between NH3, N2O emissions and absorption of nitrogen fertilizer under water-saving irrigation and nitrogen fertilizer reduction in 2021. Two irrigation modes were set up: conventional flooding irrigation (F) and controlled irrigation (C). The nitrogen application rate throughout the entire growth period was set at three levels: conventional nitrogen application level (N, 110 kg/hm2), nitrogen reduction 10% (N1, 99 kg/hm2), and nitrogen reduction 20% (N2, 88 kg/hm2). Under F and C irrigation modes, no nitrogen fertilizer treatment (CK1 and CK2) were set as the control, with a total of eight treatments. The effects of nitrogen fertilizer reduction on NH3 volatilization rate and N2O emissions fluxes during the entire growth period of rice under different irrigation modes were analyzed, the gaseous loss amount and gaseous loss rate of nitrogen fertilizer were calculated, and the absorption of nitrogen fertilizer by rice and the residual nitrogen fertilizer in the soil after rice harvest were further estimated based on isotope tracing technology. The results showed that the gaseous loss amount and gaseous loss rate of nitrogen fertilizer under both irrigation modes were decreased with the decrease of nitrogen application rate. The application of controlled irrigation mode increased the gaseous loss of nitrogen fertilizer in black soil paddy fields, and the gaseous loss amount and gaseous loss rate of each treatment were higher than those under conventional flooding irrigation mode with the same nitrogen application rate. However, isotope tracing results indicated that controlled irrigation mode can enhance absorption of nitrogen fertilizer by rice and effectively reduce nitrogen fertilizer loss. The absorption and recovery rate of nitrogen fertilizer by rice under controlled irrigation mode were significantly higher than those under conventional flooding mode with the same nitrogen application rate. Moreover, when the nitrogen application rate were the same, the loss amount and total loss rate of nitrogen fertilizer under controlled irrigation mode were significantly lower than those under conventional flooding mode (P ? 2023 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 27

Main heading: Nitrogen fertilizers

Controlled terms: Ammonia? - ?Floods? - ?Irrigation? - ?Isotopes? - ?Recovery? - ?Soils? - ?Water absorption? - ?Water conservation

Uncontrolled terms: % reductions? - ?Absorption and utilization? - ?Controlled irrigations? - ?Gaseous loss? - ?Irrigation modes? - ?Isotope tracing? - ?Isotope tracing technology? - ?Nitrogen fertilizer reduction? - ?Paddy fields? - ?Water-saving irrigation

Classification code: 444 Water Resources? - ?483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations? - ?804 Chemical Products Generally? - ?804.2 Inorganic Compounds? - ?821.2 Agricultural Chemicals? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods

Numerical data indexing: Mass 1.10E 02kg, Mass 8.80E 01kg, Mass 9.90E 01kg, Percentage 1.00E 01%, Percentage 2.00E 01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2023.10.034

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2023 Elsevier Inc.

3. Identification of Key Areas for Ecological Protection and Restoration in National Land Space by Integrating Time-series Remote Sensing Analysis

Accession number: 20234515036113

Title of translation: 融合时序遥感分析的国土空间生态保护修复关键区识别

Authors: Chen, Yuanpeng (1); Zhou, Xu (1); Chen, Yan (1); Liu, Yantao (2, 3); Su, Xiangyan (1); Zhang, Chengpeng (1)

Author affiliation: (1) Land Consolidation and Rehabilitation Center, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing; 100035, China; (2) School of Land Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing; 100083, China; (3) School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing; 210023, China

Corresponding author: Zhou, Xu(xtxfb@lcrc.org.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 54

Issue: 10

Issue date: 2023

Publication year: 2023

Pages: 161-170

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Ecological protection and restoration of the national land space is an important grasp of implementation of national ecological civilization construction, as well as construction of national ecological security pattern and coordination of mountain, water, forest, lake, grass and sand system management important initiatives. The identification of ecological protection and restoration key areas is the precondition and basic guarantee for the preparation of ecological protection and restoration planning, spatial and temporal layout of ecological protection and restoration projects and other series of work, which is crucial to the ecological protection and restoration of the national land space. Therefore, taking an ecological protection and restoration project in Henan Province as the research area, the research and practice of ecological protection and restoration key area identification integrating time-series remote sensing analysis was carried out. Firstly, based on the Google Earth Engine (GEE) cloud platform, the Mann - Kendall method was used to carry out trend analysis of the study area from 2011 to 2020 time-series NDVI and form the time-series analysis results. Secondly, based on meteorological, soil, topographic and NPP data, an ecosystem health analysis and assessment based on ecosystem service synergy and trade-off calculation was carried out to select ecological source sites. Finally, based on the results of time-series analysis and ecological source site selection, superposition analysis was used to carry out the identification of key areas for ecological protection and restoration. The results showed that the proposed research framework of “ ecosystem health assessment based on synergistic trade-off calculation of ecosystem services-time-series remote sensing trend analysis” proposed not only considered the “static” ecosystem services and ecosystem health attributes in the study area, but also measured the “dynamic” ecosystem change trends. It can effectively identify key areas for ecological protection and restoration in the national space. The results of the study can provide technical support for the background survey, problem identification, planning and engineering layout of ecological protection and restoration in the national land space. ? 2023 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 37

Main heading: Remote sensing

Controlled terms: Economic and social effects? - ?Ecosystems? - ?Forestry? - ?Harmonic analysis? - ?Land use? - ?Restoration? - ?Site selection? - ?Space optics? - ?Time series? - ?Time series analysis

Uncontrolled terms: Ecological protection? - ?Ecological restoration? - ?Ecosystem health? - ?Ecosystem services? - ?Identification of key area? - ?Protection and restoration? - ?Remote-sensing? - ?Space of national land? - ?Time-series analysis? - ?Times series

Classification code: 403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development? - ?454.3 Ecology and Ecosystems? - ?656.1 Space Flight? - ?741.1 Light/Optics? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control? - ?921.6 Numerical Methods? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics? - ?971 Social Sciences

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2023.10.015

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2023 Elsevier Inc.

4. Non-destructive Firmness Testing of Kiwifruit Based on Visioned-based Tactile Sensor and Fusion Learning

Accession number: 20234515036166

Title of translation: 基于视触觉与深度学习的猕猴桃无损硬度检测方法

Authors: Lin, Jiahao (1, 2); Zhang, Yuanze (3); Liang, Qianyue (1, 2); Chen, Yaohui (1, 2); Zhu, Ming (1, 2); Li, Shanjun (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan; 430070, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment in Mid-lower Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan; 430070, China; (3) College of Informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan; 430070, China

Corresponding author: Li, Shanjun(shanjunlee@mail.hzau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 54

Issue: 10

Issue date: 2023

Publication year: 2023

Pages: 390-398

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Firmness is one of the vital indicators to confirm the maturity of kiwifmits, which is of most significance to its storage cycle and sales node. In view of lacking non-destructive testing methods with high precision, low cost and easy use for kiwifruits at the present stage, a non-destructive testing method for kiwifruits firmness was proposed based on vision-based tactile sensor and deep learning technology. The dynamic tactile information of kiwifruit were obtained by analyzing the deformation of the flexible tactile sensing layer when it contacted with the kiwifruit, which could infer its firmness accordingly. By using the Raspberry Pi development board as an electromechanical control platform, a non-destructive firmness testing device for kiwifruit was developed and significant difference tests were conducted on the average CIELAB color components of the contact and non-contact surfaces after pressing the kiwifruit for an interval of 3 h. Subsequently, totally 600 sets of visual tactile sequence image datasets of kiwifruits were collected. At the same time, by setting the CNN network, the CNN - LSTM migration learning network and the CNN - LSTM joint learning network respectively, the firmness of visual tactile sequence images was analyzed and predicted. The research results showed that there was no significant difference between the average values of contact and non-contact surfaces under the three colors’ components L?, a?, and b?. By introducing long-term and short-term information, the deep learning model LSTM can dynamically correlate the features of a single frame image extracted by CNN, thereby effectively inferring the firmness of kiwifruit. Among them, the CNN - LSTM fusion learning model had the best prediction effect, with the root mean square error (RMSE), average absolute error (MAE), and determination coefficient (R)2 values of 1. 611 N, 1.360N, and 0.856, respectively, which was superior to the results of current spectral technology in detecting the firmness of kiwifruit. Subsequently, the model was embedded into the Raspberry Pi to create an automatic kiwifruit firmness detection device, which can achieve testing kiwifruit firmness in a short time. Combining visual and tactile sensing methods with CNN -LSTM fusion learning model can achieve accurate and non-destructive measurement of the firmness of a single kiwifruit. As well, the research result can also provide technical reference for non-destructive testing of kiwifruit firmness. ? 2023 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 35

Main heading: Nondestructive examination

Controlled terms: Electromechanical devices? - ?Learning systems? - ?Long short-term memory? - ?Mean square error

Uncontrolled terms: CNN - LSTM? - ?Deep learning? - ?Firmness? - ?Kiwifruits? - ?Learning models? - ?Non destructive? - ?Non destructive testing? - ?Tactile sensors? - ?Vision based? - ?Vision-based tactile sensor

Classification code: 922.2 Mathematical Statistics

Numerical data indexing: Force 1.36E 00N, Force 6.11E 02N, Time 1.08E 04s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2023.10.039

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2023 Elsevier Inc.

5. Estimation of Photosynthetic Parameters of Cinnamomum camphora in Dwarf Forest Based on UAV Multi-spectral Remote Sensing

Accession number: 20234515036112

Title of translation: 基于无人机多光谱遥感的矮林芳樟光合参数估测

Authors: Lu, Xianghui (1); Gong, Rongxin (1); Zhang, Haina (1); Wang, Qian (1); Zhang, Jie (1); Xie, Rongxiu (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) Jiangxi Provincial Engineering Research Center of Seed-breeding and Utilization Oj Camphor Trees, Nanchang Institute of Technology, Nanchang; 330099, China; (2) Jiangxi Prov. Technology Innovation Center for Ecological Water Engineering in Poyang Lake Basin, Nanchang; 330029, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 54

Issue: 10

Issue date: 2023

Publication year: 2023

Pages: 179-187

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to explore an effective analytical model and method for estimating photosynthetic parameters of Cinnamomum camphora (Linn.) Presl by using unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) multispectral technology, taking Cinnamomum camphora (Linn.) Presl as the research object, its canopy six-band spectral reflectance was obtained through a multispectral camera carried by UAV, and its net photosynthetic rate (Pn), intercellular carbon dioxide concentration (Ci), stomatal conductance (Gs) and transpiration rate (Tr) were simultaneously measured. The optimal index factor (OIF) was used to screen the combination of spectral reflectance and vegetation index as independent variables. Partial least squares method (PLS), back propagation neural network (BPNN), and random forest (RF) were used to construct estimation models for the independent variables and photosynthetic parameters, and the accuracy of each estimation model was analyzed and compared. The results showed that there was a close relationship between photosynthetic parameters and leaf reflectance in the red edge band 2 (center wavelength 750 nm) and near infrared band (center wavelength 840 nm) of Cinnamomum camphora L. The combination of red edge band 2, enhanced vegetation index 2 (EVE), and red edge chlorophyll index (CIpeded) had the highest OIF value of 0. 012 6, which can be used as the best combination of model independent variables. The optimal models for the four photosynthetic parameters Pn, Ci, Gs, and Tr were all BPNN, with the modeling set decision factors R of 0. 85, 0. 81, 0. 80, and 0. 82, and the root mean square error (RMSE)of 0. 85 p,mol/(m2· s), 16. 23 μmol/mol, 0. 03 mol/(m2· s) and 0. 37 mmol/(m2·s). The relative analytical error (RPD) were 2.59, 2.33, 2.28, and 2.37, respectively. The R2of the validation set was 0.81, 0.73, 0.83, 0.76, and the RMSE was 1. 46 μmol/(m2·s), 18. 37 μmol/mol, 0. 03 mol/(m2·s) and 0. 67 mmol/(m2·s), with RPD of 1. 39, 1.86, 2.67, and 1.20, respectively. The research results can provide a theoretical basis for the estimation of photosynthetic parameters of Cinnamomum camphora in dwarf forests using UAV multispectral remote sensing, and provide technical support for rapid monitoring of the growth status of economic plants in large areas. ? 2023 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 34

Main heading: Remote sensing

Controlled terms: Antennas? - ?Backpropagation? - ?Carbon dioxide? - ?Forestry? - ?Infrared devices? - ?Least squares approximations? - ?Mean square error? - ?Neural networks? - ?Parameter estimation? - ?Reflection ? - ?Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)? - ?Vegetation

Uncontrolled terms: Aerial vehicle? - ?Cinnamomum camphora? - ?Dwarf cinnamomum camphora? - ?Estimate? - ?Independent variables? - ?Multi-spectrum? - ?Photosynthetic parameters? - ?Remote-sensing? - ?Unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing? - ?Vegetation index

Classification code: 652.1 Aircraft, General? - ?723.4 Artificial Intelligence? - ?804.2 Inorganic Compounds? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control? - ?921.6 Numerical Methods? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics

Numerical data indexing: Amount of substance 2.30E-05mol, Amount of substance 3.00E 00mol, Amount of substance 3.70E-02mol, Amount of substance 3.70E-05mol, Amount of substance 4.60E-05mol, Amount of substance 6.70E-02mol, Size 7.50E-07m, Size 8.40E-07m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2023.10.017

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2023 Elsevier Inc.

6. Design and Experiment of Rapeseed Direct Seeding Machine with Furrow Opener and Shallow Plowing

Accession number: 20234515009026

Title of translation: 油菜机械直播机开沟浅旋装置设计与试验

Authors: Zhang, Qingsong (1, 2); Qi, Tao (1); Ao, Qian (1); Shu, Caixia (1, 2); Liao, Yitao (1, 2); Liao, Qingxi (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan; 430070, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment in Mid-lower Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan; 430070, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 54

Issue: 10

Issue date: 2023

Publication year: 2023

Pages: 58-67

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: For rice-oil rotation area of the mid-lower Yangtze River rapeseed simple and highly-scale production needs and the current machine operation prone to uneven compartment surface, crushed soil quality and “ drying seed”, resulting in low seedling rate of oilseed rape production problems, a kind of rapeseed direct seeding machine with furrow opener and shallow plowing was designed, to achieve the middle open border furrow, the border furrow soil throwing cover both sides of the compartment surface, shallow rotary soil leveling parts to level soil, fine crushed compartment soil and evenly mixed soil and straw function. Based on the principle of slip-cutting and resistance reduction and the theory of extrusion mechanics, the structural parameters of middle open bed furrow components, gully shaping components and shallow rotating screed components were determined, resulting in the number of curved knives installed in the middle open bed trench disc being 4, the cutting pitch being 60 mm, the lateral inclination of the shaping surface of gully shaping components being 67°, the front inclination being 3°, the eccentric circle radius of the side cutting edge of the shallow rotary knife being 182 mm and the slip-cutting angle being 42. 4°. The EDEM software was used to carry out orthogonal test. The optimum structural parameters to be taken for the spiral screed blades were determined as follows: 100 mm for spiral radius, 350 mm for pitch and number of spiral heads was 1; and the shallow rotary blade and spiral screed blades structural layout were determined. The field experiments showed that when the forward speed of the unit was 7 km/h, the rapeseed direct seeding machine with furrow opener and shallow plowing device had a flat compartment surface, complete with ravine furrow pattern, the stubble burying rate was 84. 38%, the soil broking rate was 86. 41 %, the soil surface planeness was 30. 18 mm, the furrow depth and furrow width stability were more than 85%, seedling emergence rate was 75. 47%. The results met the requirements for direct seeding of oilseed rape. The research result can provide a reference for the design of implements to achieve light, efficient and high quality mechanized direct seeding of rape in the region. ? 2023 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 15

Main heading: Soils

Controlled terms: Agricultural machinery? - ?Conveying? - ?Landforms? - ?Oilseeds? - ?Software testing? - ?Structural optimization

Uncontrolled terms: Direct-seeding? - ?Furrow openers? - ?Lower yangtze rivers? - ?Oil seed rape? - ?Rapesed direct seeding machine? - ?Rice oil? - ?Shallow rotary stubble burial? - ?Spiral vane conveying soil? - ?Structural parameter? - ?Throwing ditching furrow soil

Classification code: 481.1 Geology? - ?483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?692.1 Conveyors? - ?723.5 Computer Applications? - ?821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?921.5 Optimization Techniques

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 3.80E 01%, Percentage 4.10E 01%, Percentage 4.70E 01%, Percentage 8.50E 01%, Size 1.00E-01m, Size 1.80E-02m, Size 1.82E-01m, Size 3.50E-01m, Size 6.00E-02m, Size 7.00E 03m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2023.10.005

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2023 Elsevier Inc.

7. Behavior Recognition Method of Beef Cattle Based on SNSS-YOLO v7

Accession number: 20234515023792

Title of translation: 基于SNSS YOLO v7的肉牛行为识别方法

Authors: Duan, Qingling (1, 2); Zhao, Zhiqing (1, 2); Jiang, Tao (3); Gui, Xiaofei (3); Zhang, Yuhang (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Smart Breeding Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing; 100083, China; (3) Beijing Futong Internet Technology Group Co., Ltd., Beijing; 101300, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 54

Issue: 10

Issue date: 2023

Publication year: 2023

Pages: 266-274 and 347

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: The behavior of beef cattle in the process of activity is the comprehensive embodiment of the health status of beef cattle. The rapid and accurate recognition of beef cattle behavior plays an important role in the prevention and control of beef cattle diseases, their own development assessment and estrus monitoring. Behavior recognition technology based on machine vision has been applied to behavior recognition of livestock and poultry breeding because of its lossless and fast characteristics. However, the existing behavior recognition methods of beef cattle based on machine vision were usually studied for a single cow or a single behavior, and there were problems such as large amount of calculation. In view of the above problems, a method based on Slim - Neck & Separated and enhancement attention module & Simplified spatial pyramid pooling-fast - YOLO v7 (SNSS - YOLO v7) was proposed. Firstly, seven common behavior images of beef cattle, such as mounting, lying, searching, standing, walking, licking and fighting, were collected in the complex environment to construct a beef cattle behavior dataset. Secondly, the Slim - Neck structure was used in the neck of YOLO v7 to reduce the amount of calculation and parameters of the model. Then, separated and enhancement attention module (SEAM) was introduced into the head to enhance the detection effect after the output of the Neck layer. Finally, the simplified spatial pyramid pooling-fast (SimSPPF) module was used to replace the spatial pyramid pooling cross stage partial conv (SPPCSPC) module of the original YOLO v7, which further reduced the number of parameters while increased the receptive field. Tested on the self-built dataset, the mean average precision (mAP&0 5) of the beef cattle behavior recognition method proposed was 95. 2%, the model size was 39 MB, and the number of parameters was 1. 926 x 107. Compared with YOLO v7, YOLO v6m, YOLO v5m, YOLOX-S, TPH - YOLO v5 and Faster R - CNN, the model size was reduced by 47. 9%, 45. 4%, 7. 6%, 43. 1 %, 57. 8% and 92. 5%, respectively. The mean average precision (mAP@0 5) was improved by 1. 4 percentage points, 2. 2 percentage points, 3. 1 percentage points, 13. 7 percentage points, 1.9 percentage points, and 4.5 percentage points, respectively. The experimental results showed that the proposed method can achieve accurate recognition of beef cattle behavior, and can be deployed on devices with limited computing resources to provide support for intelligent livestock breeding. ? 2023 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 26

Main heading: Computer vision

Controlled terms: Agriculture? - ?Behavioral research? - ?Deep learning? - ?Disease control? - ?Object recognition? - ?Social networking (online)

Uncontrolled terms: Beef cattle? - ?Behaviour recognition? - ?Deep learning? - ?Multi-object recognition? - ?Multiobject? - ?Objects recognition? - ?Percentage points? - ?Recognition methods? - ?Spatial pyramids? - ?YOLO v7

Classification code: 461.4 Ergonomics and Human Factors Engineering? - ?723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications? - ?723.5 Computer Applications? - ?741.2 Vision? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control? - ?971 Social Sciences

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.00E00%, Percentage 2.00E 00%, Percentage 4.00E 00%, Percentage 5.00E 00%, Percentage 6.00E 00%, Percentage 8.00E 00%, Percentage 9.00E 00%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2023.10.026

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2023 Elsevier Inc.

8. Characteristics and Energy Efficiency Analysis of Electro-hydraulic Hybrid Drive Large Inertia Swing System

Accession number: 20234515021679

Title of translation: 电液混合驱动大惯量回转系统特性与能效分析

Authors: Cui, Jinyuan (1); Quan, Long (1); Liu, Zhiqi (2); Ge, Lei (1); Huang, Weinan (1)

Author affiliation: (1) Key Laboratory of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan; 030024, China; (2) College of Mechanical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan; 030024, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 54

Issue: 10

Issue date: 2023

Publication year: 2023

Pages: 450-458

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: With the shortage of fossil energy and environmental pollution becoming more and more serious, it is urgent to study the energy saving and emission reduction technology of construction machinery with large quantity and high energy consumption. In common construction machinery, such as excavators, cranes and hoists, there are large inertia hydraulic swing systems with frequently start and brake operations. During the braking of large inertia hydraulic swing system, the braking kinetic energy is converted into heat energy through the throttling effect of the valve port, resulting in a large amount of energy loss. If the braking kinetic energy of the swing system can be recycled and reused, it can not only reduce the energy consumption of the system and the cost of construction machinery, but also save energy and protect the environment. Therefore, an electrical and hydraulic hybrid drive large inertia swing system was proposed. In the system, as the main power source, the permanent magnet synchronous motor was used to control the movement of the swing system. The hydraulic motor, powered by the accumulator, was used as an auxiliary power source to provide torque compensation for the acceleration of the motor start-up, and the accumulator efficiently recovered the braking kinetic energy for reuse. In the research, a multidisciplinary joint simulation system model was established. Based on the principle of reasonable supply control of main and auxiliary power sources, a full-cycle condition recognition speed control strategy was designed. An electro-hydraulic hybrid drive swing test platform was built to analyze the characteristics and energy efficiency of the swing system. The results showed that the energy recovery efficiency of swing braking was 40.5% ~65.9% with the change of rotational speed and rotational inertia. Compared with the pure motor drive system, the electro-hydraulic hybrid drive system had a faster start-up acceleration of 1.2 s, which can achieve a braking kinetic energy recovery efficiency of 63.5%, reduce system energy consumption by 40.8%, and make the swing system run more smoothly. ? 2023 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 28

Main heading: Kinetic energy

Controlled terms: Construction equipment? - ?Electric drives? - ?Emission control? - ?Energy dissipation? - ?Energy efficiency? - ?Energy utilization? - ?Environmental technology? - ?Hydraulic accumulators? - ?Hydraulic motors? - ?Kinetics ? - ?Permanent magnets? - ?Recovery? - ?Regenerative braking

Uncontrolled terms: Auxiliary power? - ?Construction machinery? - ?Dynamics characteristic? - ?Electro-hydraulic hybrid? - ?Electro-hydraulic hybrid drive? - ?Energy recovery efficiency? - ?Hybrid drive? - ?Large inertia swing system? - ?Power sources? - ?Throttling loss

Classification code: 405.1 Construction Equipment? - ?451.2 Air Pollution Control? - ?454 Environmental Engineering? - ?525.2 Energy Conservation? - ?525.3 Energy Utilization? - ?525.4 Energy Losses (industrial and residential)? - ?602 Mechanical Drives and Transmissions? - ?631.1 Fluid Flow, General? - ?632.2 Hydraulic Equipment and Machinery? - ?704.1 Electric Components? - ?931 Classical Physics; Quantum Theory; Relativity

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 4.05E 01%, Percentage 4.08E 01%, Percentage 6.35E 01%, Percentage 6.59E 01%, Time 1.20E 00s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2023.10.046

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2023 Elsevier Inc.

9. Stem Node Feature Recognition and Positioning Technology for Transverse Cutting of Sugarcane Based on Improved YOLO v5s

Accession number: 20234515021697

Title of translation: 基于改进YOLO v5s的甘蔗切种茎节特征识别定位技术

Authors: Li, Shangping (1, 2); Zheng, Chuangrui (1, 2); Wen, Chunming (1, 2); Li, Kaihua (1, 2); Gan, Weiguang (1, 2); Li, Yang (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Electronic Information, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning; 530006, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Intelligent Unmanned System and Intelligent Equipment, Nanning; 530006, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 54

Issue: 10

Issue date: 2023

Publication year: 2023

Pages: 234-245 and 293

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to achieve accurate and efficient automated seed cutting in sugarcane intelligent transverse seed cutting workstation, a method based on improved YOLO v5s for identifying and locating the edge end of sugarcane stem node features was proposed for the characteristics of factory seed cutting tasks. Firstly, the camera was corrected for distortion by using the ZHANG Zhengyou camera calibration method, then the sugarcane stem node dataset was enhanced and the original YOLO v5s model was used for training and testing, and the results showed that the data enhancement can improve the detection accuracy to some extent. Then, to address the problems of low accuracy and high model complexity caused by small stem node feature targets, the backbone network of YOLO v5s was improved by introducing the coordinate attention module and Ghost lightweight structure before the SPPF module, and removing the P5 large target detection head in the Head network to obtain the improved sugarcane stem node detection model YOLO v5s - CA - BackboneGhost - p34. The test results showed that the model outperformed other mainstream algorithms and the original model with high accuracy and small size. Among them, mAP @ 0.5 and mAP @ 0.5: 0.95 were improved by 5.2 and 16.5 percentage points, respectively, and the model computation and size were reduced by 42% and 51%, respectively. Finally, in order to improve the detection speed and real-time performance, the model was deployed at the edge end, and the detection speed was accelerated by using TensorRT technology, and the model was completed on a sugarcane with transmission speed of 0.15 m/s. The actual seed cutting test were completed on the smart transverse seed cutting workstation with transmission speed of 0.15 m/s. The test results showed that the accelerated stem node detection speed reached 95 f/s, the average error of realtime detection and positioning was about 2.4 mm, the seed cutting qualification rate was 100%, and the leakage rate was 0. 4%, which indicated that the model proposed was highly reliable and practical, and can provide effective technical support for the industrialization, intelligence and standardization of sugarcane transverse seed cutting workstation. ? 2023 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 25

Main heading: Statistical tests

Controlled terms: Cameras? - ?Transmissions

Uncontrolled terms: Detection speed? - ?Edge-end deployment? - ?Features recognition? - ?Intelligent transverse sugarcane cutting workstation? - ?Node detection? - ?Node identifications? - ?Stem node identification and positioning? - ?Sugarcane stems? - ?Transmission speed? - ?YOLO v5s

Classification code: 602.2 Mechanical Transmissions? - ?742.2 Photographic Equipment? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.00E 02%, Percentage 4.00E 00%, Percentage 4.20E 01%, Percentage 5.10E 01%, Size 2.40E-03m, Velocity 1.50E-01m/s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2023.10.023

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2023 Elsevier Inc.

10. Design and Experiment of Pneumatic Centrifugal Combined Precision Seed Metering Device for Wheat

Accession number: 20234515008934

Title of translation: 气力离心组合式小麦精量排种器设计与试验

Authors: Hou, Jialin (1); Ma, Duanxu (1, 2); Li, Hui (2); Zhang, Zhilong (1); Zhou, Jilei (2); Shi, Song (2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian; 271018, China; (2) Shandong Academy of Agricultural Machinery, Ji’nan; 250100, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 54

Issue: 10

Issue date: 2023

Publication year: 2023

Pages: 35-45

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Aiming at the problems of high pulsation and poor uniformity for the wheat seeding method with disorderly seed flow and variable discharge, a pneumatic centrifugal combined precision seed metering device for wheat was designed. The pneumatic seed filling and centrifugal seed cleaning method were used in the seeder to make seeds in an orderly and uniformly flow. The key parameters were designed firstly. Then, the kinematics of the seed filling and seed dropping processes were modeled and the initial range of filling and dropping angles were determined. Finally, the orthogonal rotational combination test was conducted by using the gas-solid coupled simulation method DEM - CFD. The results showed that when the seed filling angle range was further reduced to 36° ~56°, the seeder had better seed carrying performance. Meanwhile, when the seed dropping angle range was further reduced to 43°~63°, the seeder had better discharge performance. On the basis of that, a laboratory test was carried out. The seed filling angle, seed dropping angle and seed disc speed were taken as the test factors and the missed seeding rate, replay rate and straight line seed drop rate were taken as the indexes. The results showed that the seeder had a good performance when the seed filling angle was 47. 75°, the seed dropping angle was 52. 48°, and the rotational speed was 635. 5 r/min. At this time, the rate of missed seeding rate was 2. 78%, the replay rate was 3. 73% and the straight line seed drop rate was 93. 46%. The results of the validation tests were in general agreement with the optimization results. The field test results showed that when the seed filling angle of the inner side of the seed tray was 47. 8° and the seed drop angle of the lower side was 52. 5°, and the speed of the seed tray was in the range of 552? 800 r/min, the sowing leakage rate was lower than 8. 9%, the reseeding rate was lower than 4. 3%, and the seeding pass rate was higher than 88. 6%, which met the requirements of precision sowing of wheat. ? 2023 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 27

Main heading: Computational fluid dynamics

Controlled terms: Centrifugation? - ?Drops? - ?Filling? - ?Pneumatics

Uncontrolled terms: Combined pneumatic centrifugal? - ?DEM – CFD? - ?Drop rates? - ?Orthogonal test? - ?Performance? - ?Precision seed-metering devices? - ?Seed filling? - ?Seed trays? - ?Seeding rate? - ?Wheat precision seed metering device

Classification code: 632.3 Pneumatics? - ?691.2 Materials Handling Methods? - ?723.5 Computer Applications? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations? - ?931.1 Mechanics

Numerical data indexing: Angular velocity 8.35E-02rad/s, Angular velocity 9.2184E 00rad/s to 1.336E 01rad/s, Percentage 3.00E 00%, Percentage 4.60E 01%, Percentage 6.00E 00%, Percentage 7.30E 01%, Percentage 7.80E 01%, Percentage 9.00E 00%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2023.10.003

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2023 Elsevier Inc.

11. Regional Flood Disaster Risk Assessment and Driving Mechanism Based on BOA-SVM Model

Accession number: 20234515021620

Title of translation: 基于BOA - SVM模型的区域洪水灾害风险评估与驱动机制

Authors: Liu, Dong (1, 2); Yang, Dan (1); Zhang, Liangliang (1, 3); Li, Jiamin (4); Zhao, Dan (1)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin; 150030, China; (3) State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing; 100084, China; (4) Nihe Reservoir Management Office of Heilongjiang Province, Lanxi; 151500, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 54

Issue: 10

Issue date: 2023

Publication year: 2023

Pages: 304-315

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Aiming at the problem of insufficient accuracy of the regional flood disaster risk quantitative assessment method, an improved support vector machine model based on the butterfly optimization algorithm was constructed and applied to the flood disaster risk assessment and spatio-temporal characteristics analysis in Heilongjiang Province in the past 15 years. The results showed that during the study period, the overall flood risk level in Heilongjiang Province fluctuated significantly in the early stage, but gradually stabilized in the later stage, and showed a spatial distribution pattern of high in the northwest and low in the southeast. Among them, the flood risk level in the Daqing area was the lowest, the risk level in the Suihua area was the highest, and the risk level in the rest of the areas had a clear downward trend with the inter-annual variation. Water production modulus, per capita GDP, monthly strongest precipitation, proportion of total output value of agriculture, forestry and fishery, natural population growth rate, number of health care beds per 10 000 people, and total storage capacity of 10 000 hectares of reservoirs were the key driving factors for changes in flood risk. Compared with the traditional support vector machine model and the improved support vector machine model based on the imperialist competitive algorithm, the constructed BOA-SVM model, mean absolute error was decreased by 38.15% and 9.18%, the mean square error was decreased by 58.5% and 21.56%, the mean absolute percentage error was decreased by 35.23% and 11.42%, respectively, and the model fit was excellent. The coefficent of determination was increased by 0.62% and 0.12% respectively, indicating that the BOA - SVM model had more advantages in terms of fit, adaptability, stability, reliability and evaluation accuracy. The research results can provide a model for flood disaster risk assessment, and provide reference for effective regulation and reduction of regional flood disaster risk. ? 2023 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 48

Main heading: Mean square error

Controlled terms: Disasters? - ?Errors? - ?Floods? - ?Forestry? - ?Health risks? - ?Optimization? - ?Population statistics? - ?Reservoirs (water)? - ?Risk assessment? - ?Support vector machines ? - ?Vectors

Uncontrolled terms: Butterfly optimization algorithm? - ?Disaster risk assessments? - ?Driving mechanism? - ?Flood disaster? - ?Flood risks? - ?Optimization algorithms? - ?Risk levels? - ?Risks assessments? - ?Support vector machine models? - ?SVM model

Classification code: 441.2 Reservoirs? - ?461.7 Health Care? - ?723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control? - ?914.1 Accidents and Accident Prevention? - ?921.1 Algebra? - ?921.5 Optimization Techniques? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics

Numerical data indexing: Age 1.50E 01yr, Area 0.00E00m2, Percentage 1.142E 01%, Percentage 1.20E-01%, Percentage 2.156E 01%, Percentage 3.523E 01%, Percentage 3.815E 01%, Percentage 5.85E 01%, Percentage 6.20E-01%, Percentage 9.18E 00%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2023.10.030

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2023 Elsevier Inc.

12. Prediction of HMCVT Wet Clutch Friction Pair Temperature Based on IGWPSO SVM

Accession number: 20234515036178

Title of translation: 基于IGWPSO-SVM的HMCVT湿式离合器摩擦副温度预测

Authors: Lu, Zhixiong (1); Wang, Yutong (1); Wang, Lin (2); Zhao, Yirong (2); Wang, Xingwei (2); Zhou, Junbo (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing; 210031, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Power System of Tractor, Luoyang; 471039, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 54

Issue: 10

Issue date: 2023

Publication year: 2023

Pages: 407-415

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Aiming at the limitations of traditional machine learning models in predicting the temperature of heavy tractor hydro mechanical continuously variable transmission(HMCVT) wet clutch, an improved grey wolf particle swarm optimization - support vector machine (IGWPSO - SVM) HMCVT wet clutch friction pair temperature prediction model was proposed. Firstly, the thermal analysis of the sliding friction of the wet clutch friction pair was conducted to determine the factors that affected the temperature of the wet clutch friction pair. Then a temperature prediction model was built based on support vector machine (SVM), and the structural parameters of SVM were optimized by using improved grey wolf particle swarm optimization (IGWPSO) algorithm. Finally, based on the HMCVT wet clutch test rig data, a sample database of the clutch friction pair temperature prediction model was established, and the IGWPSO - SVM model was tested and validated using the dual steel plate of the wet clutch friction pair. The experimental results showed that the mean absolute error (MAE), mean square error (MSE), root mean square error (RMSE), and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) predicted by the IGWPSO - SVM model for the inner diameter, pitch diameter, and outer diameter of the dual steel sheet of the friction pair were 3.355 7°C, 24.321 2°C2, 4.597 6°C and 3.95%, respectively, the maximum temperature prediction errors were 7. 870 0°C, 5. 430 0°C and 0. 990 0°C, respectively. The average values of three tests for MAE, MSE, RMSE and MAPE were 3. 352 2°C, 24. 738 0°C2, 4. 973 7°C and 4. 12%, respectively. The maximum temperature mean absolute error (MTMAE) for inner diameter, pitch diameter, and outer diameter was 4. 373 3°C, which was the lowest compared with that of the other four existing models. The research results can provide a theoretical basis for high-precision prediction of temperature of wet clutch of heavy-duty tractors and reliability of entire vehicle. ? 2023 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 27

Main heading: Support vector machines

Controlled terms: Clutches? - ?Errors? - ?Forecasting? - ?Friction? - ?Mean square error? - ?Particle swarm optimization (PSO)? - ?Thermoanalysis? - ?Tractors (agricultural)? - ?Tractors (truck)? - ?Vectors

Uncontrolled terms: Clutch friction? - ?Continuously variable transmission? - ?Friction pair? - ?Gray wolves? - ?Heavy tractor? - ?Improved gray wolf particle swarm optimization algorithm? - ?Particle swarm optimization algorithm? - ?Support vectors machine? - ?Temperature prediction? - ?Wet Clutches

Classification code: 602.2 Mechanical Transmissions? - ?663.1 Heavy Duty Motor Vehicles? - ?723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications? - ?801 Chemistry? - ?821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment? - ?921.1 Algebra? - ?921.5 Optimization Techniques? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.20E 01%, Percentage 3.95E 00%, Temperature 2.73E 02K, Temperature 2.75E 02K, Temperature 2.76E 02K, Temperature 2.79E 02K, Temperature 2.80E 02K

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2023.10.041

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2023 Elsevier Inc.

13. Suitability Evaluation of Cultivated Land in Naoli River Basin Based on CLUE-S Scenario Simulation

Accession number: 20234515021733

Title of translation: 基于CLUE - S情景模拟的挠力河流域耕地适宜性评价研究

Authors: Li, Heng (1); Chen, Guoyin (1); Wang, Shijing (1); Zhang, Zhen (1); Zhang, Zhiwei (1); Jin, Huanhuan (1)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 54

Issue: 10

Issue date: 2023

Publication year: 2023

Pages: 329-339

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Taking the Naoli River basin as the research area, three periods of land use data from 2000, 2010 and 2020 were selected to analyze the spatiotemporal changes of land use from two aspects: land use dynamics and transfer matrix. The CLUE - S model was used to simulate and verify the land use change pattern in the study area in 2030. Three scenarios, namely baseline, agricultural development, and ecological protection, were used to predict the land use change pattern in 2030. Finally, the adaptability of cultivated land under these three scenarios was evaluated. The results indicated that the land use type in the study area was mainly cultivated land. From 2000 to 2020, forests, wetlands, water bodies and artificial surfaces showed an increasing trend, while cultivated land and grassland showed a decreasing trend. From 2000 to 2020, land use transfer mainly occurred between cultivated land, grassland and forests. From 2000 to 2010, the grassland area transferred most, followed by cultivated land and forests, with the opposite area transferred out. From 2010 to 2020, the area of forest transfer in and out was the highest, followed by grassland and cultivated land. The CLUE - S model had good simulation ability for land use change in the Naoli River basin, with Kappa coefficient of 0.894 and overall simulation accuracy of 91. 18% - Under the baseline scenario, the area of cultivated land, grassland and water bodies was decreased, while the area of other land types was increased. In the context of agricultural development, the area of cultivated land was increased by 23. 68%, and the artificial surface area was not changed, while the area of other land types was relatively small. The ecological protection scenario was exactly the opposite to the agricultural development scenario. According to the evaluation index system and the evaluation model, it was calculated that the cultivated land located in the suitable area accounted for more than 96% of the total area, and the unsuitable area accounted for less than 4%. The results can provide scientific decision-making for cultivated land quality construction and management in the future. ? 2023 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 29

Main heading: Land use

Controlled terms: Decision making? - ?Ecology? - ?Forestry? - ?Rivers? - ?Transfer matrix method? - ?Watersheds

Uncontrolled terms: Agricultural development? - ?CLUE-S models? - ?Cultivated land suitability evaluation? - ?Cultivated lands? - ?Land suitability? - ?Landuse change? - ?Naoli river basin? - ?River basins? - ?Suitability evaluation? - ?Transfer matrixes

Classification code: 403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development? - ?444.1 Surface Water? - ?454.3 Ecology and Ecosystems? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control? - ?912.2 Management? - ?921 Mathematics

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.80E 01%, Percentage 4.00E 00%, Percentage 6.80E 01%, Percentage 9.60E 01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2023.10.032

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2023 Elsevier Inc.

14. Design and Experiment of a Bagging and Unloading Potato Combine Harvester

Accession number: 20234515009014

Title of translation: 装包卸包型马铃薯联合收获机设计与试验

Authors: Wei, Zhongcai (1, 2); Han, Meng (2); Su, Guoliang (3, 4); Zhang, Hao (3, 4); Li, Xueqiang (3, 4); Jin, Chengqian (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) Nanjing Research Institute for Agricultural Mechanization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing; 210014, China; (2) School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo; 255091, China; (3) Shandong Star Agricultural Equipment Co., Ltd., Dezhou; 253600, China; (4) Shandong Provincial Intelligent Engineering and Technology Research Center for Potato Production Equipment, Dezhou; 253600, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 54

Issue: 10

Issue date: 2023

Publication year: 2023

Pages: 92-104

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In response to the bottleneck issues of low impurity removal efficiency, difficulty in removing seedlings and vines, severe damage and bruising of potatoes and high cost of subsequent cleaning and impurity removal in existing potato combine harvesters, a bagging and unloading potato combine harvester was developed by an operation mode which was double sieve for potato-soil separation, plate device for picking potatoes, manual assisted sorting and automatic bagging and unloading. This machine was mainly composed of soil loosening and depth limiting device, soil cutting and vine cutting device, excavation device, primary sieve for separating potatoes and soil, manual auxiliary sorting platform, double-sieve device for separating potatoes and impurity, plate picking potatoes device, and potato bagging and unloading device. On the basis of elaborating on the overall structure and working principle of the harvester, the process of double sieve for separating potatoes and soil and plate picking potatoes were analyzed, the movement trajectory and impact characteristics of potatoes at the connection between the sorting conveyor sieve and the potato bagging and unloading device were clarified. The plate picking device could achieve the separation of potatoes and seedlings, which could reduce the loss rate. The technology of caching and bagging potatoes and unloading with gradually decreasing weight could achieve automatic switching between the caching and bagging status to ensure non-stop flexible potato harvesting and loss reduction unloading. The experimental results showed that at operating speeds of 3. 01 km/h and 3. 95 km/h, the productivity was 0. 39 hm /h and 0. 51 hm /h, the damage rate of potatoes was 1. 68% and 1. 44%, the bruising rate of potatoes was 2. 05% and 1.71%, the impurity content rate was 1.75% and 1. 96%, and the loss rate was 1. 56% and 1. 52%, respectively. All performance indicators met the requirements of relevant standards. ? 2023 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 38

Main heading: Soils

Controlled terms: Efficiency? - ?Harvesters? - ?Plates (structural components)? - ?Removal? - ?Sieves? - ?Unloading

Uncontrolled terms: Combine harvesters? - ?Double sieve potato impurity separation device? - ?Impurity removal? - ?Impurity separation? - ?Loss rates? - ?Plate device for picking potato? - ?Plate devices? - ?Potato gathering device with bagging and unloading? - ?Potato harvesters? - ?Separation devices

Classification code: 408.2 Structural Members and Shapes? - ?483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?691.2 Materials Handling Methods? - ?821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment? - ?913.1 Production Engineering

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.71E 00%, Percentage 1.75E 00%, Percentage 4.40E 01%, Percentage 5.00E 00%, Percentage 5.20E 01%, Percentage 5.60E 01%, Percentage 6.80E 01%, Percentage 9.60E 01%, Size 1.00E 03m, Size 9.50E 04m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2023.10.008

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2023 Elsevier Inc.

15. Establishment and Verification of Discrete Element Model for Seed Furrow Soil-Seed-Covering Device

Accession number: 20234515008945

Title of translation: 种沟土壤-种子-覆土装置互作离散元模型建立与验证

Authors: Lu, Qi (1, 2); Liu, Fangjian (1, 2); Liu, Lijing (1, 2); Liu, Zhongjun (1, 2); Liu, Yunqiang (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Sciences Group Co., Ltd., Beijing; 100083, China; (2) National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment Technology, Beijing; 100083, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 54

Issue: 10

Issue date: 2023

Publication year: 2023

Pages: 46-57

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to solve the problem that there is a lack of accurate and reliable discrete element interaction model of seed furrow soil - seed - covering device in the study of the micro-movement law of seed furrow soil and seed in the operation of covering device of planter. Taking the cohesive soil with moisture content of (15. 7 ± 0. 25) % as research object, the relevant parameters and models were calibrated based on EDEM. The traction resistance of soil covering operation was taken as the response value. Based on Plackett - Burman test, the parameters sensitive to traction resistance were selected as soil - soil rolling friction coefficient, soil - 65 Mn static friction coefficient, critical normal stress and critical shear stress. The range of values for each sensitive parameter was determined based on the steepest ascent test. Based on Box - Behnken experimental optimization, the values of soil - soil rolling friction coefficient, soil - 65 Mn static friction coefficient, critical normal stress, and critical shear stress were obtained as 0. 15, 0. 31, 18. 45 kPa, and 18. 58 kPa, respectively. Secondly, taking soybean seeds as example, the discrete element interaction model of seed furrow soil - seed was established. The collision recovery coefficient, static friction coefficient and rolling friction coefficient between seed furrow soil and soybean seeds were taken as the experimental factors. The simulation stacking angle was taken as the evaluation index. Through the optimization of Box - Behnken test, the values of each test factor were 0. 57, 0.33, 0.08, respectively. Finally, the discrete element interaction model of seed furrow soil — seed - covering device was established, and the experimental verification was carried out. The results showed that the average relative error between the simulated and measured values of traction resistance was 2. 22%. The relative error between the simulated and measured values of the stacking angle was 1. 61 %. The relative errors between the simulated and measured values of soil cover thickness and seed spacing variation coefficient were 4. 89% and 5. 90%, respectively. They were all small. The established discrete element interaction model of seed furrow soil - seed - covering device was accurate. ? 2023 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 40

Main heading: Soils

Controlled terms: Errors? - ?Seed? - ?Shear stress? - ?Stiction

Uncontrolled terms: Covering device? - ?Discrete elements? - ?Discrete elements method? - ?Element interactions? - ?Friction coefficients? - ?Interaction modeling? - ?Parameters calibrations? - ?Rolling friction? - ?Seed furrow soil? - ?Traction resistance

Classification code: 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 2.20E 01%, Percentage 6.10E 01%, Percentage 8.90E 01%, Percentage 9.00E 01%, Pressure 4.50E 04Pa, Pressure 5.80E 04Pa

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2023.10.004

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2023 Elsevier Inc.

16. Inversion Model of Nitrogen Content of Rice Canopy Based on UAV Polarimetric Remote Sensing

Accession number: 20234515008944

Title of translation: 基于无人机偏振遥感的水稻冠层氮素含量反演模型

Authors: Xu, Tongyu (1, 2); Yang, Jiaxin (1); Bai, Juchi (1); Jin, Zhongyu (1); Guo, Zhonghui (1); Yu, Fenghua (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Information and Electrical Engineering, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang; 110866, China; (2) Liaoning Agricultural Informatization Engineering Technology Research Center, Shenyang; 110866, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 54

Issue: 10

Issue date: 2023

Publication year: 2023

Pages: 171-178

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Due to the geometry of the rice canopy, the reflectance spectral information obtained by conventional UAV hyperspectroscopy contains specular reflection information which is not related to the internal composition of rice, thus affecting the inversion accuracy of the nitrogen content of rice. The inversion accuracy of rice nitrogen content was improved by removing the specular reflection component from the reflectance spectra. Based on the multi-angle polarimetric spectral data of rice tillering stage and the corresponding nitrogen content data obtained from UAV polarimetric remote sensing measurements, the correlation between them was analysed by the vegetation index method, and the angle with the highest correlation between the polarimetric spectral data of the rice canopy and its corresponding nitrogen content was obtained. The polarisation spectrum vegetation index (PSVI) was constructed based on a mathematical transformation method. The inverse model of the nitrogen content of the rice canopy was developed by using a linear regression method. The results were as follows: the best observation angle of -15° (15° for backward observation) was obtained by analyzing the correlation between the polarisation spectral data and the nitrogen content of the rice canopy at different observation zenith angles; the six characteristic bands of the polarisation spectral information at this angle were extracted by the continuous projection method, specifically 500 nm, 566 nm, 663 nm, 691 nm, 736 nm and 763 nm; the mathematical transformation idea was applied to the polarization spectral vegetation index (PSVI), consisting of 500 nm and 566 nm was constructed; the PSVI was used as the model input, and the linear regression method was used to establish the inversion model of nitrogen content in the rice canopy. The inversion results were better than the inverse models of nitrogen content constructed by difference vegetation index (DSI), ratio vegetation index (RVI) and other common vegetation indices. In conclusion, based on the polarization spectral data of rice tillering stage acquired by UAV and using PSVI vegetation index as model input, the accuracy of inversion of nitrogen content in rice canopy can be improved. ? 2023 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 30

Main heading: Polarization

Controlled terms: Inverse problems? - ?Linear regression? - ?Mathematical transformations? - ?Nitrogen? - ?Polarimeters? - ?Reflection? - ?Remote sensing? - ?Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)? - ?Vegetation

Uncontrolled terms: Inversion models? - ?Nitrogen content? - ?Polarimetric remote sensing? - ?Polarization spectra? - ?Rice canopy? - ?Rice nitrogen? - ?Spectral data? - ?Spectral information? - ?Specular reflections? - ?Vegetation index

Classification code: 652.1 Aircraft, General? - ?804 Chemical Products Generally? - ?921.3 Mathematical Transformations? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics? - ?941.3 Optical Instruments

Numerical data indexing: Size 5.00E-07m, Size 5.66E-07m, Size 6.63E-07m, Size 6.91E-07m, Size 7.36E-07m, Size 7.63E-07m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2023.10.016

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2023 Elsevier Inc.

17. Fish Strike Damage in Tubular Pump Based on Fish-shaped Particle Tracking Method

Accession number: 20234515009077

Title of translation: 基于鱼形颗粒群追踪的贯流泵鱼类撞击损伤特性研究

Authors: Zhang, Desheng (1); Shi, Kehang (1); Pan, Qiang (1); Shi, Weidong (2)

Author affiliation: (1) Research Center of Fluid Machinery Engineering and Technology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang; 212013, China; (2) School of Mechanical Engineering, Nantong University, Naniong, 226019, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 54

Issue: 10

Issue date: 2023

Publication year: 2023

Pages: 152-160

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: The strike of blades is the most important factor for the damage to fish passing through the pump. In order to study the strike damage characteristics of fish passing through the tubular pump, based on the CFD - DEM coupling method, the drag force calculation model was optimized by modifying the coupling interface to study the movement behavior and force damage of the fish after striking with the blade and wall of the tubular pump. Taking the simplified plate strike on fish as the starting point of numerical simulation, the influencing factors of strike damage caused by the collision between fish body and blade were analyzed, and the death caused by over-pump damage of fish body was predicted. The results showed that the strike damage caused by fish body collision was related to the strike force on fish body. Increasing the front edge thickness, reducing the front edge inclination angle, and reducing the strike speed can reduce the strike force between the fish body and the blade leading edge to reduce the stress damage of the fish body. It was reasonable to obtain the impact force threshold of 2 446 N that led to the death of L/d =2 fish; increasing the front edge thickness, reducing the front edge inclination angle, and reducing the strike speed can reduce the collision force between fish body and leading edge of blade, thereby reducing the impact damage of fish; the strike force between fish and leading edge of the blade of pump was the largest, and its strike damage was the most severe, which meant that the leading edge of blade of pump was the main part responsible for fish death in the tubular pump device; the smaller the size of fish body in the inlet flow of pump station was, the lower the probability of blade strike was; reducing the ratio L/d of the length of fish body to thickness of leading edge of the blade could reduce the strike force of leading edge, thereby improving the survival rate of fish passing through the pump. ? 2023 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 26

Main heading: Fish

Controlled terms: Computational fluid dynamics? - ?Drag? - ?Numerical models

Uncontrolled terms: CFD-DEM? - ?Edge thickness? - ?Fish friendly tubular pump? - ?Fish survival? - ?Fish survival rate? - ?Inclination angles? - ?Pump-based? - ?Strike force? - ?Survival rate? - ?Tubular pumps

Classification code: 723.5 Computer Applications? - ?921 Mathematics? - ?931.1 Mechanics

Numerical data indexing: Force 4.46E 02N

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2023.10.014

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2023 Elsevier Inc.

18. Water Body Extraction Method in Arid Area Based on Sentinel - 2 Super-resolution Images

Accession number: 20234515036111

Title of translation: 基于Sentinel-2超分辨率影像的干旱区水体提取方法

Authors: Zhao, Wenju (1, 2); Li, Congcong (1, 2); Ma, Hong (1, 2); Zeng, Kai (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Energy and Power Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou; 730050, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Smart Agriculture Irrigation Equipment, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou; 730050, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 54

Issue: 10

Issue date: 2023

Publication year: 2023

Pages: 316-328

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Aiming at the problems of large spatial differences in the spectral characteristics of water bodies in the complex environment of arid zones and the poor applicability of water body extraction methods, based on the multispectral data of Sentinel - 2 satellite, 10 m spatial resolution multispectral images were reconstructed by super-resolution algorithm. The short-wave infrared (SWIR) reconstruction band and the near-infrared (NIR) reconstruction band were used as the feature bands for water body identification, on the basis of which the super-pixel segmentation algorithm was used to determine the water body image elements, and a total of 60 water body extraction methods were constructed based on 24 kinds of spectral indices, support vector machine (SVM), neural network (NN) and K-means. Overall accuracy (OA), precision, Fl -score, Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC) and other water body extraction accuracy indicators were used as for comprehensive evaluation, to determine the best water body extraction method in the Heihe Basin. The Heihe Basin was taken as typical study area to determine the best water body extraction method in arid areas. The results showed that the improved normalized water body index method constructed based on Sentinel - 2 green band (center wavelength of 560 nm) and super-resolution reconstruction of the short-wave infrared band (center wavelength of 1 610 nm) significantly enhanced the ability to identify the fine water bodies, shadows, and cloud elements in the arid zone during the extraction of the water body. The overall accuracy of water extraction was 99. 81%, the accuracy was 92.04%, the Fl-score was 88.02%, and the G-mean and Mathews correlation coefficient were both greater than 0. 88, which was better than other methods. The research results can quickly and accurately extract water bodies in arid zones and provide theoretical support for the application field of water bodies in arid zones. ? 2023 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 38

Main heading: Extraction

Controlled terms: Arid regions? - ?Image reconstruction? - ?Image segmentation? - ?Infrared devices? - ?Infrared radiation? - ?Optical resolving power? - ?Pixels? - ?Support vector machines

Uncontrolled terms: Arid area? - ?Arid zones? - ?Extraction method? - ?Overall accuracies? - ?Sentinel - 2 satellite? - ?Super pixels? - ?Super-pixel segmentation? - ?Super-resolution reconstruction? - ?Water body extraction? - ?Waterbodies

Classification code: 443 Meteorology? - ?444 Water Resources? - ?723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications? - ?741.1 Light/Optics? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 8.10E 01%, Percentage 8.802E 01%, Percentage 9.204E 01%, Size 1.00E 01m, Size 5.60E-07m, Size 6.10E-07m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2023.10.031

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2023 Elsevier Inc.

19. Pig Image Instance Segmentation Based on Weakly Supervised Dataset

Accession number: 20234515036141

Title of translation: 基于弱监督数据集的猪只图像实例分割

Authors: Wang, Haiyan (1, 2); Jiang, Yehao (3, 4); Li, Xuan (1, 5); Ma, Yunlong (6); Liu, Xiaolei (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Shenzhen; 518000, China; (2) Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen (AGIS), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen; 518000, China; (3) College of Informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan; 430070, China; (4) Shenzhen Branch of Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, Shenzhen; 518000, China; (5) Key Laboratory of Smart Farming for Agricultural Animals, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan; 430070, China; (6) Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Wuhan; 430070, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 54

Issue: 10

Issue date: 2023

Publication year: 2023

Pages: 255-265

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In smart livestock farming research, deep learning-based method for pig image instance segmentation is crucial for downstream tasks such as individual pig recognition, weight estimation, and behavior recognition. However, the model often requires a large number of pixel-wise annotated images for training, which imposes significant manpower and time costs. To address this issue, a weakly supervised pig segmentation strategy was proposed, creating a weakly supervised dataset, and introducing afeature extraction backbone network called RdsiNet. Firstly, the second-generation deformable convolution was incorporated into the ResNet - 50 residual module to expand the network’s receptive field. Secondly, spatial attention mechanisms were used to strengthen the network’s weight values for important features. Finally, the involution operator was introduced to enhance deep spatial information and connect feature maps with semantic information by using its spatial specificity and channel sharing mechanism. The efficacy of RdsiNet for weakly supervised datasets was demonstrated through ablation experiments and comparative experiments. The experiments showed that the mean value of mask AP under the Mask R - CNN reached 88. 6%, which was higher than a series of backbone networks such as ResNet - 50 and GCNet. Meanwhile, the mean value of mask AP under the Boxlnst reached 95.2%, which was also higher than that of ResNet - 50 which reached only 76. 7% . Furthermore, the display of image segmentation results of the test set showd RdsiNet also had better segmentation effect than ResNet - 50. In the case of pig stacking, RdsiNet can better distinguish each pig. When using the Boxlnst for training, RdsiNet can perfectly segment the outline of pigs, which was more conducive to downstream analysis. ? 2023 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 40

Main heading: Semantics

Controlled terms: Behavioral research? - ?Deep learning? - ?Farms? - ?Mammals? - ?Semantic Segmentation

Uncontrolled terms: Attention mechanisms? - ?Back-bone network? - ?Down-stream? - ?Involution operator? - ?Livestock farming? - ?Mean values? - ?Pig? - ?Spatial attention? - ?Spatial attention mechanism? - ?Weakly supervised instance segmentation

Classification code: 461.4 Ergonomics and Human Factors Engineering? - ?723.4 Artificial Intelligence? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control? - ?971 Social Sciences

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 6.00E 00%, Percentage 7.00E 00%, Percentage 9.52E 01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2023.10.025

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2023 Elsevier Inc.

20. Effect of High Voltage Electrostatic Field on Flavor Quality and Microbial Community of Fermented Beef

Accession number: 20234515036117

Title of translation: 高压静电场下发酵牛肉风味品质及微生物群落特性研究

Authors: Sha, Kun (1); Li, Siyuan (2, 3); Zhang, Songshan (4); Zhang, Zejun (2); Liu, Haijie (2)

Author affiliation: (1) Yantai Institute, China Agricultural University, Yantai; 264670, China; (2) College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (3) Hehei Tourism Vocational College, Chengde; 067000, China; (4) Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing; 100193, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 54

Issue: 10

Issue date: 2023

Publication year: 2023

Pages: 371-380 and 398

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: The purpose was to investigate the quality characteristics of fermented beef under high-voltage electrostatic field (HVEF) conditions. The physicochemical parameters, volatile compounds and microbial community of fermented beef samples treated with HVEF (2.0 kV, 3.0 kV) were compared with those under common fermentation conditions (control group) . The results showed that compared with control group, HVEF could significantly reduce the moisture content of fermented beef (P ? 2023 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 36

Main heading: Beef

Controlled terms: Electronic nose? - ?Gas chromatography? - ?Ion mobility spectrometers? - ?Ketones? - ?Microorganisms? - ?Principal component analysis? - ?Quality control? - ?Volatile organic compounds

Uncontrolled terms: Control groups? - ?Fermented beef? - ?Field treatments? - ?Flavor quality? - ?Flavor substances? - ?GC - IMS? - ?High-voltage electrostatic field? - ?Microbial communities? - ?Quality characteristic? - ?Volatile compounds

Classification code: 461.9 Biology? - ?741.3 Optical Devices and Systems? - ?801 Chemistry? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations? - ?804.1 Organic Compounds? - ?822.3 Food Products? - ?913.3 Quality Assurance and Control? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics? - ?942.1 Electric and Electronic Instruments? - ?943.3 Special Purpose Instruments

Numerical data indexing: Voltage 0.00E00V, Voltage 2.00E 03V, Voltage 3.00E 03V

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2023.10.037

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2023 Elsevier Inc.

21. Dissolved Oxygen Prediction in Rice and Shrimp Culture Based on BiLSTM - GRU Fusion Neural Networks

Accession number: 20234515036180

Title of translation: 基于BiLSTM-GRU融合网络的稻虾养殖溶解氧含量预测

Authors: Shi, Qinglan (1, 2); Shu, Jinyang (1, 3); Li, Daoliang (1, 4); Huang, Kaixin (1, 3); Zha, Hainie (5)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Smart Animal Farming Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing; 100083, China; (3) National Innovation Center for Digital Fishery, Beijing; 100083, China; (4) Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Internet of Things in Agriculture, Beijing; 100083, China; (5) School of Computer and Information, Anqing Normal University, Anqing; 246052, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 54

Issue: 10

Issue date: 2023

Publication year: 2023

Pages: 364-370

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Dissolved oxygen is an essential parameter for monitoring water quality in rice-prawn farming, as it plays a significant role in crayfish feeding and metabolism. Accurately predicting dissolved oxygen content is critical for maintaining optimal farming conditions and preventing environmental damage. However, dissolved oxygen levels can be challenging to predict due to the complexity of the factors affecting them. A BiLSTM - GRU fusion neural network prediction model that can overcome these challenges was proposed. The model combined the benefits of BiLSTM, which extracted more feature factors, and GRU, which achieved fast and accurate prediction. The sensors and corrected historical data were cleaned and calibrated based on the offset to ensure accuracy. A comprehensive analysis of the resource consumption and prediction performance of the model under different sampling periods was conducted and it was determined that 30 minutes was the optimal sampling period. The proposed model was compared with traditional LSTM, GRU, BiLSTM, and BiGRU models, which was found that the model was demonstrated better prediction performance, with mean absolute error, root mean square error, and determination coefficient of 0. 275 9 mg/L, 0. 616 0 mg/L, and 0. 954 7, respectively. These values were 25. 14%, 13. 25%, and 2. 22% higher than those of the traditional LSTM neural network model. Overall, the proposed BiLSTM - GRU fusion neural network prediction model had significant potential for improving the accuracy of dissolved oxygen content prediction in rice-prawn farming. ? 2023 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 25

Main heading: Dissolved oxygen

Controlled terms: Dissolution? - ?Forecasting? - ?Long short-term memory? - ?Mean square error? - ?Water quality

Uncontrolled terms: Dissolved oxygen contents? - ?Fusion cyclic neural network? - ?Monitoring water quality? - ?Neural network prediction model? - ?Neural-networks? - ?Prediction modelling? - ?Prediction performance? - ?Rice-prawn farming? - ?Sampling period? - ?Shrimp culture

Classification code: 445.2 Water Analysis? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics

Numerical data indexing: Mass density 0.00E00kg/m3, Mass density 9.00E-03kg/m3, Percentage 1.40E 01%, Percentage 2.20E 01%, Percentage 2.50E 01%, Time 1.80E 03s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2023.10.036

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2023 Elsevier Inc.

22. Influence Analysis of PDMS/PTFE Limiting Layer Material on Grasping Performance of Soft Manipulators

Accession number: 20234515036131

Title of translation: PDMS/PTFE限制层材料软体机械手设计与性能试验

Authors: Zhu, Yinlong (1); Yang, Zikang (1); Zhao, Hu (1); Wang, Xu (1); Liu, Ying (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing; 210037, China

Corresponding author: Liu, Ying(lying_new@163.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 54

Issue: 10

Issue date: 2023

Publication year: 2023

Pages: 441-449

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: To suppress unnecessary deformation during the soft actuator’s bending and improve the soft manipulator’s gripping ability, a soft manipulator with limiting layer materials of PDMS and PTFE was proposed. The stiffness of the limiting layer can be changed by adjusting the mass ratio of PDMS and PTFE, which directly affected the bending angle of the soft manipulator. Considering that the deformation of the strain layer was much larger than that of the constraint layer when the soft manipulator worked, Yeoh and Neo - Hookean form of strain energy function were used to describe the mechanical behavior of the strain layer and the constraint layer respectively. Based on the above models and the principle of torque balance, a mathematical model of the bending angle of the soft actuator was established, and then the influence of the material of the limiting layer and actuator structural parameters on its bending performance was investigated. The stress-strain curve of the limiting layer sample made of PDMS and PTEE with different mass ratios was obtained by uniaxial tensile test, and the material parameters of the Yeoh model were fitted, and then finite element simulation analysis was carried out to determine the optimal proportion of the restricted layer material. Finally, the bending angle of the actuators made of different limiting layers was tested, and the deviation between experimental results and theoretical analysis was within 5%, verifying the mathematical model’s accuracy. The end force test results showed that the actuator with the PDMS/PTFE ratio of 8: 1 was better than that of pure silicone soft actuator, and the maximum end force can reach 2. 45 N. Using a soft manipulator for grasping experiments on various items, the maximum grasping mass was 420 g. ? 2023 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 33

Main heading: Strain energy

Controlled terms: Actuators? - ?Bending (deformation)? - ?Finite element method? - ?Manipulators? - ?Microchannels? - ?Silicones? - ?Stress-strain curves? - ?Tensile testing

Uncontrolled terms: Bending angle? - ?Bending characteristics? - ?Finite elements simulation? - ?Layer materials? - ?Mass ratio? - ?Material for limiting layer? - ?PDMS/PTFE? - ?Soft actuators? - ?Soft manipulator? - ?Strain layers

Classification code: 732.1 Control Equipment? - ?815.1.1 Organic Polymers? - ?921.6 Numerical Methods? - ?931.1 Mechanics

Numerical data indexing: Force 4.50E 01N, Mass 4.20E-01kg, Percentage 5.00E 00%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2023.10.045

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2023 Elsevier Inc.

23. Coupling Calibration Method for Multivariate Nonlinear Soil Electrical Conductivity Sensor

Accession number: 20234515021648

Title of translation: 基于非线性耦合的土壤电导率传感器标定方法

Authors: Mu, Weiyi (1); Han, Ning (1); Qu, Zhi (1, 2); Bai, Yungang (3); Zheng, Ming (1, 3); Wang, Quanjiu (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) Faculty of Water Resources and Hydroelectric Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an; 710048, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulic in Northwest Arid Region, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an; 710048, China; (3) Xinjiang Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Urumqi; 830049, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 54

Issue: 10

Issue date: 2023

Publication year: 2023

Pages: 356-363

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to solve the problem of inaccurate measurement of soil electrical conductivity sensor, a nonlinear coupling calibration model without considering water content θ within considering θ was proposed, and the calibration and verification tests of soil electrical conductivity sensor were carried out. The calibration test was conducted by using the sandy soil of the apple orchard in the 10th Regiment, Xinjiang Alar, China. With deionized water and NaCl, totally nine group of moisture content gradients and six groups of salinity gradients, 54 soil samples were designed. The electrical conductivity of soil samples was measured by soil electrical conductivity sensor and high precision conductivity meter respectively. According to the coupling model, the three treatments without Q, with θ and with θ subdivision were fitted respectively. Finally, a field verification test was designed for the same apple orchard. The results showed that the conductivity EC0 measured by soil electrical conductivity sensor and conductivity ECX measured by conductivity meter were positively correlated with the soil salt content. However, ECQ was increased with the increase of θ, while EC1 was decreased with the increase of θ. The results of cubic fitting showed that 9 had a significant effect on the measurement of electrical conductivity, and the residual of the cubic fitting was decreased gradually with θ subdivision. The fitting determination coefficients R were not less than 0. 839, which were gradually increased, and the fitting accuracy was increased. The verification test results showed that the proposed coupling model could effectively improve the measurement accuracy of soil electrical conductivity. The calibration method can provide a basis for the accurate measurement of soil conductivity and the calibration of soil conductivity sensors. ? 2023 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 34

Main heading: Deionized water

Controlled terms: Electric conductivity? - ?Fruits? - ?Moisture? - ?Moisture determination? - ?Orchards? - ?Sodium chloride? - ?Soil surveys? - ?Soils

Uncontrolled terms: Apple orchards? - ?Calibration method? - ?Calibration tests? - ?Conductivity sensors? - ?Measurements of? - ?Nonlinear coupling? - ?Salt content? - ?Sensor calibration? - ?Soil electrical conductivity? - ?Verification tests

Classification code: 445.1 Water Treatment Techniques? - ?483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?701.1 Electricity: Basic Concepts and Phenomena? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?944.2 Moisture Measurements

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2023.10.035

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2023 Elsevier Inc.

24. Deposition Characteristics of Umbrella Wind Field Type Anti-drift Spray Device

Accession number: 20234515041851

Title of translation: 伞形风场式防飘喷雾装置沉积特性研究

Authors: Li, Jianping (1, 2); Li, Shaobo (1); Yu, Shaomeng (1); Wang, Pengfei (1, 2); Yang, Xin (1, 2); Liu, Hongjie (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding; 071001, China; (2) Hebei Intelligent Agricultural Equipment Technology Innovation Center, Baoding; 071001, China

Corresponding author: Yang, Xin(yangxin@hebau.edu.en)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 54

Issue: 10

Issue date: 2023

Publication year: 2023

Pages: 80-91 and 151

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to improve the wind sprayer on the fruit tree canopy area droplet deposition, reduce the fruit tree rows of droplet drift, solve the environmental wind speed airflow caused by the nonuniform canopy droplet deposition, a kind of umbrella wind field anti-drift spraying device was designed, anti-drift spraying device regulating mechanism on the anti-drift spraying device umbrella wind field by using a combination of simulation tests and physical tests was used to explore the impact of wind field. With the anti-drift spray device outlet diameter, side wind speed, spray pressure as factors, respectively, single-factor and three-factor three levels of apple canopy droplet drift deposition test was done to analyze the influence of umbrella wind field on the effect of droplet canopy deposition law. The results showed that the droplet drift rate, center-of-mass distance, and coefficient of variation of droplet deposition distribution were reduced by 27. 5% , 16. 2% , and 7% , respectively, compared with that of the normal airflow. The three factors have more significant effects on the droplet deposition characteristics, and their influences in descending order were side wind speed, spray pressure, and outlet diameter. The multi-island genetic algorithm was used to optimize the application parameters with the highest deposition, and the results showed that the optimal value of droplet deposition was 6. 34 |xL/cm when the side wind speed was 2 m/s, the spray pressure was 0. 4 MPa, and the outlet diameter was 70 mm, and the actual validation value with the optimal combination of the factors was 5. 96 |xL/cm , with a discrepancy rate of 5. 9% , and the experimental validation results were basically in agreement with the model prediction. The experimental validation results were basically consistent with the model prediction. ? 2023 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 33

Main heading: Drops

Controlled terms: Deposition? - ?Fruits? - ?Genetic algorithms? - ?Orchards? - ?Wind speed

Uncontrolled terms: Anti-drift device? - ?Droplet deposition? - ?Multi island genetic algorithms? - ?Orchard sprayers? - ?Outlet diameters? - ?Response surface? - ?Spray pressure? - ?Umbrella wind field? - ?Wind field? - ?Wind speed

Classification code: 615.8 Wind Power (Before 1993, use code 611 )? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 2.00E 00%, Percentage 5.00E 00%, Percentage 7.00E 00%, Percentage 9.00E 00%, Pressure 4.00E 06Pa, Size 7.00E-02m, Velocity 2.00E 00m/s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2023.10.007

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2023 Elsevier Inc.

25. Role of Macropores for Soil Compaction Restoring during Freeze-thaw Cycles

Accession number: 20234515021687

Title of translation: 冻融循环恢复土壤压实过程中大孔隙作用研究

Authors: He, Tingfeng (1, 2); Zhang, Huiqing (3); Zhang, Dongmei (1, 4); Liu, Huatao (1, 4); Kong, Meng (1, 4); Ding, Qishuo (5)

Author affiliation: (1) Shanxi Institute of Organic Dryland Farming, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan; 030031, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture (Co-construction by Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and Shanxi Province), Taiyuan; 030031, China; (3) School of Management, Metharath University, Pathum Thani; 12160, Thailand; (4) Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture, Taiyuan; 030031, China; (5) College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing; 210031, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 54

Issue: 10

Issue date: 2023

Publication year: 2023

Pages: 340-347

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: The problem of soil compaction by agricultural machinery is almost unavoidable, so structural restoration of compacted soils is essential and the freeze-thaw cycle is an effective method for restoring compacted soil. In order to study the role of freeze-thaw cycle macropore on the recovery of compacted soil, the indoor experiments were carried out to remodel the compacted soil and simulate the macropore by artificial pore measures, the number of freeze-thaw cycles was designed to be different under two soil water contents, the temperature fluctuation of the soil temperature was monitored by using temperature sensors, and at the same time, the changes of the pore and aggregate parameters of the compacted soil before and after the freeze-thaw cycle were compared. The results showed that during the freeze-thaw cycle, the temperature fluctuation of the compacted soil with artificial pores started at three and two cycles under the conditions of high and low water contents, respectively, while the temperature fluctuation of the compacted soil without artificial pores under the same water content conditions appeared at seven and four cycles, and the average scale of the aggregate and the structure coefficient of the compacted soil with artificial pores were all better than those of the compacted soil without artificial pores after freeze-thaw cycles. Artificial pores can change the intensity of freeze-thaw cycles in soil by adjusting the soil temperature fluctuation, and accelerate the process of structural recovery of compacted soil, i. e., the strategy of freeze-thaw cycles macropores was an effective measure to improve the pore and aggregate structure of soil. ? 2023 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 30

Main heading: Soil temperature

Controlled terms: Aggregates? - ?Agriculture? - ?Compaction? - ?Freezing? - ?Restoration? - ?Soil mechanics? - ?Soil moisture? - ?Temperature distribution? - ?Thawing

Uncontrolled terms: Artificial macropore? - ?Compacted soil? - ?Condition? - ?Freeze-thaw cycles? - ?Indoor experiment? - ?Macropores? - ?Soil compaction? - ?Soil temperature? - ?Structural restorations? - ?Temperature fluctuation

Classification code: 406 Highway Engineering? - ?412.2 Concrete Reinforcements? - ?483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?641.1 Thermodynamics? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2023.10.033

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2023 Elsevier Inc.

26. Design and Test of Guiding Seed Throwing Mechanism for Maize Posture Control and Driving Metering Device

Accession number: 20234515036130

Title of translation: 玉米姿控驱导式排种器导向投种机构设计与试验

Authors: Dong, Jianxin (1); Gao, Xiaojun (1); Zhang, Shilin (1); Huang, Yuxiang (1, 2); Zhang, Chongqin (3); Shi, Jiangtao (4)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi, Yangling; 712100, China; (2) Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Agricultural Equipment, Shaanxi, Yangling; 712100, China; (3) Weichai Lovol Intelligent Agricultural Technology Co.,Ltd., Weifang; 261000, China; (4) Xi’An Yaao Agricultural Machinery Co., Ltd., Xi’an; 710300, China

Corresponding author: Huang, Yuxiang(hyx@nwsuaf.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 54

Issue: 10

Issue date: 2023

Publication year: 2023

Pages: 25-34

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Aiming at the problem that inconsistent seed throwing points and poor uniformity of seed spacing of posture control and driving precision metering device under high-speed conditions. A method was proposed to constrain the freedom of seed motion and guide the direction of seed throwing, a type guiding seed throwing mechanism was designed. The guiding trajectory of the seeds was reasonably planned to be thrown, thereby ensuring that the seed throwing point and initial velocity were constant. The design of the structural parameters of the guiding seed throwing mechanism and dynamic analysis of the seed to be thrown were completed. The key parameters and their value ranges that affected seeding performance were determined. The optimal parameters combination was obtained by single factor and double factor experiments, and a working performance verification experiment was conducted. The results showed that when the central angle of the constrained migration arc was 35°, the seed throwing points were more concentrated. When the operating speed was 8 km/h and the radius of the guiding seed throwing arc was 24. 3 mm, the seeding performance was at optimal level, the qualified index, multiple index, and coefficient of variation were 91.5%, 4.7%, and 13.6%, respectively. As the operating speed was increased from 8 km/h to 14 km/h, the decrease of variation coefficient was increased from 0. 1 percentage points to 2. 7 percentage points compared with that of the original seed metering device. Using the guiding seed throwing mechanism can effectively improve the high-speed seeding performance of the original seed metering device. ? 2023 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 25

Main heading: Agricultural machinery

Uncontrolled terms: Guiding seed throwing mechanism? - ?High Speed? - ?Maize seeds? - ?Mechanical? - ?Mechanical seed-metering device? - ?Metering devices? - ?Posture control? - ?Seed-metering device? - ?Seeding performance? - ?Throwing point

Classification code: 821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.36E 01%, Percentage 4.70E 00%, Percentage 9.15E 01%, Size 1.40E 04m, Size 3.00E-03m, Size 8.00E 03m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2023.10.002

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2023 Elsevier Inc.

27. Lightweight Keypoint Detection Method of Dairy Cow Based on SimCC- ShuffleNetV2

Accession number: 20234515021666

Title of translation: 基于SimCC - ShuffleNetV2的轻量化奶牛关键点检测方法

Authors: Song, Huaibo (1, 2); Hua, Zhixin (1, 2); Ma, Baoling (1, 2); Wen, Yuchen (1, 2); Kong, Xiangfeng (1, 2); Xu, Xingshi (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi, Yangling; 712100, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Agricultural Internet of Things, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shaanxi, Yangling; 712100, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 54

Issue: 10

Issue date: 2023

Publication year: 2023

Pages: 275-281 and 363

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Cow keypoint detection is important in research fields such as cow body measurement, behavior recognition, and weight estimation. However, existing deep learning methods for cow keypoint detection still suffer problems such as high network complexity and slow detection speed. A lightweight cow keypoint detection model SimCC - ShuffleNetV2 was proposed. In this model, Shuffle Net V2 was used as the backbone for feature extraction to achieve network lightweight. SimCC was used as the head to achieve keypoint position prediction. SimCC adopted a coordinate classification method that was simple and efficient. To validate the effectiveness of the model, cow keypoints and skeleton structures were designed, and 3 600 images were annotated for training and testing. Experimental results showed that the SimCC - ShuffleNetV2 model got an AP50:95 of 88. 07%, FLOPs of 1. 5 × 108, parameters of 1. 31 × 106, and detection speed of 10. 87 f/s, achieving accurate and efficient detection of cow keypoints. Experimental comparisons with the regression-based DeepPose and Heatmap-based HRNet networks demonstrated that SimCC - ShuffleNetV2 got a good balance between accuracy and speed. Moreover, different backbones and detection heads were replaced to verify the influence of different modules on model performance. And the proposed model achieved the best results in all experiments, demonstrating that the combination of ShuffleNetV2 and SimCC had good keypoint detection performance. The model was applied to extract skeleton sequences from four different action videos of cows, and the ST - GCN network was used to classify the four videos, achieving an 84. 56% classification accuracy, which indicated that the proposed SimCC - ShuffleNetV2 model was a good keypoint extractor and could provide key information support for tasks such as cow action recognition. ? 2023 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 25

Main heading: Deep learning

Controlled terms: Behavioral research? - ?Classification (of information)? - ?Learning systems? - ?Musculoskeletal system

Uncontrolled terms: Action recognition? - ?Body measurements? - ?Dairy cow? - ?Detection methods? - ?Detection speed? - ?Keypoint detection? - ?Keypoints? - ?Research fields? - ?Shufflenetv2? - ?SimCC

Classification code: 461.3 Biomechanics, Bionics and Biomimetics? - ?461.4 Ergonomics and Human Factors Engineering? - ?716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing? - ?903.1 Information Sources and Analysis? - ?971 Social Sciences

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 5.60E 01%, Percentage 7.00E 00%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2023.10.027

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2023 Elsevier Inc.

28. Design and Experiment of Co-stirring Combined Corn Strip Straw Cleaning Device

Accession number: 20234515036108

Title of translation: 协拨组合式玉米条带秸秆清理装置设计与试验

Authors: Gao, Zhen (1, 2); Lu, Caiyun (1, 2); Wei, Xuyang (3); Li, Hongwen (1, 2); He, Jin (1, 2); Wang, Qingjie (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Arable Land Conservation (North Hebei), Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Beijing; 100083, China; (3) Luoyang Electro Optic Equipment Research Institute, China Aviation Industry Corporation, Luoyang; 471023, China

Corresponding author: Lu, Caiyun(lucaiyun@cau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 54

Issue: 10

Issue date: 2023

Publication year: 2023

Pages: 68-79

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: To solve the problems of poor collection effect and unstable profiling of existing machines and tools for strip straw cleaning, a combined strip straw cleaning scheme was proposed. The process of pulling straws with different tooth shape cleaning wheels was compared and analyzed from the mechanical point of view, and a radial sharpening-assisted pulling cleaning wheel was designed. The radius of the cleaning wheel was 162.5 mm, the number of teeth was 12, and the tooth length was 65 mm. The simulation experiment of the combined strip straw cleaning device was carried out. Taking the working parameters of the radial sharpening straw cleaning wheel as the experimental factors and the straw cleaning rate as the experimental index, the quadratic orthogonal rotation regression discrete element simulation experiment was carried out to analyze the changes in straw movement, soil disturbance, and straw cleaning rate during the working process of the straw cleaning wheel. The results showed the significant order of the experimental factors on the straw cleaning rate from large to small was as follows; roll angle, forward speed and rake angle. When the forward speed of the machine was 7. 8 km/h, the rake angle of the straw cleaning wheel was 31.7°, and the roll angle was 13.4°, the highest straw cleaning rate was 91. 62% . A field experiment on the operational performance of the combined strip straw cleaning device and the whole machine was carried out. The results showed that the combined strip straw cleaning device worked stably, the straw cleaning rate was 87% -90%, and the design goal of the strip straw cleaning device was achieved. ? 2023 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 21

Main heading: Tillage

Controlled terms: Cleaning? - ?Wheels

Uncontrolled terms: Cleaning devices? - ?Cleaning rate? - ?EDEM simulation? - ?Experimental factors? - ?Forward speed? - ?Radial sharpening wheel? - ?Rake angle? - ?Roll angle? - ?Strip straw cleaning device? - ?Strip tillage

Classification code: 601.2 Machine Components? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 6.20E 01%, Percentage 8.70E 01% to 9.00E 01%, Size 1.625E-01m, Size 6.50E-02m, Size 8.00E 03m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2023.10.006

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2023 Elsevier Inc.

29. Research Status and Prospects of Agricultural Machinery Autonomous Driving

Accession number: 20234515008937

Title of translation: 农业装备自动驾驶技术研究现状与展望

Authors: Meng, Zhijun (1, 2); Wang, Hao (1, 2); Fu, Weiqiang (1, 2); Liu, Mengnan (2); Yin, Yanxin (1, 2); Zhao, Chunjiang (2, 3)

Author affiliation: (1) Research Center of Intelligent Equipment, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing; 100097, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Agricultural Power Equipment, Beijing; 100097, China; (3) National Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture, Beijing; 100097, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 54

Issue: 10

Issue date: 2023

Publication year: 2023

Pages: 1-24

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Agricultural machinery autonomous driving can improve work quality, enhance operational efficiency, reduce operating costs, and alleviate labor intensity. Autonomous driving technology for agricultural machinery is an important direction in the development of intelligent agricultural machinery systems. Driven by both policies and the market, China’s autonomous driving technology for agricultural machinery has been rapidly developing and is gradually maturing through demonstration applications. The technological system for agricultural machinery autonomous driving is also being gradually established. Elementary technologies of agricultural machinery autonomous driving included environmental perception, working condition perception, decision-making and planning, lateral control, and longitudinal control. Firstly, the current status of key technology research for agricultural machinery autonomous driving was elaborated and the key scientific and technological issues that needed to be addressed were analyzed. And then the domestic and international research and application of agricultural machinery automatic driving products was introduced from the perspectives of automatic navigation technology and the integration and application of automatic driving systems. A comparison was made between the gap in grading standards and specifications for agricultural machinery autonomous driving and the intelligent connected vehicle industry, highlighting the urgent need for the classification of agricultural machinery autonomous driving. Finally, the main roles of agricultural machinery autonomous driving technology were summarized, and the future development directions for agricultural machinery autonomous driving were outlined. To address the challenges posed by the non-structured environment, high-precision agronomy, and time constraints in smart agricultural production, it was recommended to emphasize the dual requirements of precision operation and driving automation in agricultural production applications. Specifically, targeted efforts should be undertaken in the development of agricultural equipment autonomous driving technology, application demonstrations, and technological grading. ? 2023 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 191

Main heading: Decision making

Controlled terms: Agricultural machinery? - ?Agricultural technology? - ?Automobile drivers? - ?Autonomous vehicles? - ?Environmental technology? - ?Grading? - ?Longitudinal control? - ?Operating costs

Uncontrolled terms: Agricultural productions? - ?Automatic navigation? - ?Autonomous driving? - ?Autonomous driving for agricultural machinery? - ?Decision-making and planning? - ?Decisions makings? - ?Environmental perceptions? - ?Research status? - ?Status and prospect? - ?Taxonomy of driving automation

Classification code: 432 Highway Transportation? - ?454 Environmental Engineering? - ?731.3 Specific Variables Control? - ?731.6 Robot Applications? - ?821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment? - ?911.1 Cost Accounting? - ?911.2 Industrial Economics? - ?912.2 Management? - ?912.4 Personnel

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2023.10.001

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2023 Elsevier Inc.

30. Development of Detection Model for Tomato Clusters Based on Improved YOLO v4 and ICNet

Accession number: 20234515041873

Title of translation: 基于改进YOLO v4和ICNet的番茄串检测模型

Authors: Liu, Jianhang (1); He, Jianheng (1); Chen, Haihua (2); Wang, Xiaozheng (1); Zhai, Haibin (3)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Oceanography and Space Information, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao; 266555, China; (2) Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100094, China; (3) National Computer Network Emergency Response Technical Team/Coordination Center of China, Beijing; 100029, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 54

Issue: 10

Issue date: 2023

Publication year: 2023

Pages: 216-224 and 254

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: For the deep neural network model deployed to embedded devices ( such as tomato clusters picking robots) , there are some problems, such as slow running speed, low recognition rate of picking targets, inaccurate positioning and so on, an efficient model for tomato clusters detection was proposed and verified. The model was composed of two modules; detection and semantic segmentation. Target detection was responsible for extracting the rectangular region where the tomato cluster was located, and then using the semantic segmentation algorithm to obtain the tomato stem position in the rectangular region. In the tomato detection module, a backbone network based on deep convolution structure was designed to improve the accuracy of crop recognition while realizing the sparsity of model parameters. K-means clustering algorithm was used to obtain a priori frame, and DIoU distance calculation formula was improved to obtain a more compact lightweight detection model (DC - YOLO v4 ) . In the semantic segmentation module (ICNet) , MobileNetv2 was used as the backbone network to reduce the amount of parameter calculation and improve the operation speed of the model. The model was deployed on the tomato clusters picking robot for verification. The self-made tomato data set was used for testing. The results showed that the average detection accuracy was 99.31% on tomato test set, outperforming YOLO v4 by 2. 04 percentage points. The mloU and mPA achieved 81. 63% and 91. 87% on tomato stem set, exceeding ICNet by 2. 19 percentage points and 1.47 percentage points, respectively. The accurate picking rate of tomato clusters was 84. 8% , it took 6s to complete a picking operation. ? 2023 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 27

Main heading: Semantic Segmentation

Controlled terms: Agricultural robots? - ?Deep neural networks? - ?Fruits? - ?K-means clustering? - ?Neural network models? - ?Semantics? - ?Statistical tests

Uncontrolled terms: Deep learning? - ?Detection models? - ?ICNet? - ?Percentage points? - ?Picking model? - ?Picking robot? - ?Rectangular regions? - ?Semantic segmentation? - ?Tomato cluster? - ?YOLO v4

Classification code: 461.4 Ergonomics and Human Factors Engineering? - ?723.4 Artificial Intelligence? - ?731.5 Robotics? - ?821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?903.1 Information Sources and Analysis? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 6.30E 01%, Percentage 8.00E 00%, Percentage 8.70E 01%, Percentage 9.931E 01%, Time 6.00E 00s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2023.10.021

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2023 Elsevier Inc.

31. Agricultural Machinery Cross-region Scheduling Optimization Based on Genetic Algorithm Variable Neighborhood Search

Accession number: 20234515036174

Title of translation: 基于遗传变邻域搜索算法的农机跨区调度优化研究

Authors: Cao, Guangqiao (1); Ma, Bin (1, 2); Chen, Cong (1); Ren, Baoxin (1, 2); Hu, Chaozhong (1)

Author affiliation: (1) Nanjing Institute of Agricultural Mechanization, Ministry Oj Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing; 210014, China; (2) Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing; 100081, China

Corresponding author: Chen, Cong(chcnchong520206@163.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 54

Issue: 10

Issue date: 2023

Publication year: 2023

Pages: 114-123

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In recent years, the rapid advancement of smart agriculture has spurred the pursuit of higher real-time scheduling for inter-connected agricultural machinery across multiple regions. This approach aims to achieve more reasonable allocation of agricultural machinery resources. Cross-regional agricultural machinery operations have emerged as the principal service mode for completing the tasks of the “ three summer” harvest. Drawing from real-world scenarios of cross-regional wheat harvesting machinery operations, the cross-regional scheduling problem involving multiple depots and machinery types was investigated, incorporating time windows. Economic and environmental costs were simultaneously considered, leading to the establishment of a cross-regional scheduling model with the objective of minimizing scheduling costs. Tailored to the characteristics of the problem, a genetic algorithm variable neighborhood search (GAVNS) was designed. This algorithm enhanced efficiency and flexibility in solution search through operations like crossover, random perturbations, and adaptive neighborhood selection. The operational demands of 72 wheat-producing counties in the Huang - Huai - Hai Plain in China were computed and analyzed. Comparative analysis revealed that the proposed algorithm outperformed alternative algorithms in terms of reduced iteration count to reach the optimal solution and faster convergence speed, with 16.41% decrease compared with the genetic algorithm and 11. 15% decrease compared with the variable neighborhood search algorithm in terms of the objective function value. Furthermore, different scheduling modes were compared, highlighting the open path mode as more conducive to enhancing cross-regional scheduling service efficiency, leading to 17.76% reduction in scheduling costs compared with the closed path mode. ? 2023 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 30

Main heading: Genetic algorithms

Controlled terms: Agricultural machinery? - ?Agriculture? - ?Efficiency? - ?Iterative methods? - ?Scheduling algorithms

Uncontrolled terms: Cross-region scheduling? - ?Genetic algorithm variable neighborhood search? - ?Multiple regions? - ?Real time scheduling? - ?Regional scheduling? - ?Scheduling optimization? - ?Service mode? - ?Smart agricultures? - ?Time windows? - ?Variable neighborhood search

Classification code: 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control? - ?821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment? - ?913.1 Production Engineering? - ?921.6 Numerical Methods

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.50E 01%, Percentage 1.641E 01%, Percentage 1.776E 01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2023.10.010

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2023 Elsevier Inc.

32. Single Target Tracking Method for Dairy Cows in Natural Scenes

Accession number: 20234515036110

Title of translation: 基于超轻量化孪生网络的自然场景奶牛单目标跟踪方法

Authors: Liu, Yuefeng (1); Liu, Bo (1); Bao, Xiang (1); Liu, Haofeng (1); Wang, Yue (1)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Information Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou; 014010, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 54

Issue: 10

Issue date: 2023

Publication year: 2023

Pages: 282-293

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: The cow single target tracking technology is a new technology proposed for intelligent management of dairy farms and it is the basis for the research of cow multi-objective tracking. The presence of padding in the deep network will destroy the translation invariance of the tracking model, the number of redundant parameters, and other addressing issues such as low quality of positive sample selection for tracking models, poor generalization ability of tracking models will also affect the cow tracking performance. Thus a high-performance cow single-target tracking method was proposed. Firstly, Siamese - remo model was used to extract features by improving Mobileone network to reduce the damage of tracking translation invariance by deep network to some extent, and different feature fusion parameters were preseted to train network classification and regression respectively; secondly, traditional method and go - turn method were combined to design a positive and negative sample selection strategy to improve the quality of positive sample collection; then special data enhancement was used to increase the generalization ability of the model; finally, Center - rank loss function was added to optimize the network classification and regression strategy according to the sample point location affecting confidence and IOU ranking. The experiment proved that the expected average overlap (EAO) of the cow single target tracking model in natural scenes reached 0. 475, which was improved by 0. 078 relative to the baseline model, and achieved better results compared with existing trackers. The number of parameters was only one-twentieth of the existing mainstream algorithms, which provided strong technical support for the subsequent cow identification and target tracking system. ? 2023 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 28

Main heading: Clutter (information theory)

Controlled terms: Farms? - ?Target tracking

Uncontrolled terms: Dairy cow? - ?Features fusions? - ?Lightweight model? - ?Natural scenes? - ?Samples selection? - ?Siamese network? - ?Single target tracking? - ?Tracking method? - ?Tracking models? - ?Translation invariance

Classification code: 716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2023.10.028

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2023 Elsevier Inc.

33. Hydraulic Performance of Dynamic Water Pressure Intermittent Pulse Sprinkler Irrigation

Accession number: 20234515036135

Title of translation: 动态水压间歇脉冲喷灌喷洒水力性能研究

Authors: Ge, Maosheng (1, 2); Wei, Fuqiang (1, 2); Wu, Pute (1); Zhang, Qianwen (1, 2); Xue, Shaopeng (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi, Yangling; 712100, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi, Yangling; 712100, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 54

Issue: 10

Issue date: 2023

Publication year: 2023

Pages: 294-303

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Both dynamic water pressure spraying and intermittent spraying based on pulse width modulation have significant regulating effects on the hydraulic characteristics of sprinkler spraying. In order to give full play to the technical advantages of dynamic water pressure and intermittent spraying, dynamic water pressure and intermittent pulse spraying synchronously were realized through compressed air energy storage regulation. Based on this, a dynamic water pressure intermittent pulse spraying device was developed. The hydraulic performance indexes of sprinkler irrigation under the condition of dynamic water pressure intermittent pulse spraying were measured and calculated. The results showed that under the dynamic water pressure intermittent pulse spraying mode, the working pressure of the sprinkler head presented a three-stage change trend of “rapid rise-fluctuation decrease-rapid decline”, and the flow rate of the sprinkler head was decreased by 70. 23% ~ 82. 77% compared with that of constant pressure continuous spraying. The radial irrigation intensity showed a bimodal distribution, and the peak intensity was about 12.7% -33% of that under continuous spraying. Compared with continuous spraying, the distribution uniformity of spraying water was slightly decreased (5. 8% ~ 14. 1%), and can be further improved by optimizing the operating parameters. The impact intensity of water droplets on the surface soil was decreased significantly, and the peak kinetic energy intensity was decreased by 50.6% ~ 70. 9% . The results showed that the dynamic water pressure intermittent pulse spraying can flexibly improve the hydraulic performance index and had great application potential. ? 2023 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 35

Main heading: Kinetics

Controlled terms: Compressed air? - ?Kinetic energy? - ?Sprinkler systems (irrigation)? - ?Working pressure

Uncontrolled terms: Dynamic water pressures? - ?Hydraulic characteristic? - ?Hydraulic performance? - ?Intermittent pulse? - ?Intermittent spraying? - ?Performance indices? - ?Pressure spraying? - ?Pressurized air? - ?Pulsewidth modulations (PWM)? - ?Sprinkler irrigation

Classification code: 631.1 Fluid Flow, General? - ?821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment? - ?931 Classical Physics; Quantum Theory; Relativity? - ?931.1 Mechanics

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.00E00%, Percentage 1.27E 01% to 3.30E 01%, Percentage 2.30E 01%, Percentage 5.06E 01%, Percentage 7.70E 01%, Percentage 8.00E 00%, Percentage 9.00E 00%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2023.10.029

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2023 Elsevier Inc.

34. Construction of Discrete Element Flexible Model for Jerusalem Artichoke Root-Tuber at Harvest Stage

Accession number: 20234515009049

Title of translation: 收获期菊芋根块茎离散元柔性模型研究

Authors: Zhou, Jun (1); Sun, Wentao (1); Liang, Zi’an (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing; 210031, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 54

Issue: 10

Issue date: 2023

Publication year: 2023

Pages: 124-132

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Currently, there is a lack of theoretical basis for setting operational parameters such as cleaning and conveying Jerusalem artichoke tubers during mechanical harvesting. A bonding model that reflected the root flexibility and tuber detachment mechanical characteristics was established by using the discrete element method, and its relevant parameters were calibrated. In the first step, the intrinsic, basic contact and associated mechanical parameters were determined through laboratory experiments. Next, based on these parameters, Hertz - Mindlin with bonding V2 contact model and Meta-particle function was used to establish the flexible model for Jerusalem artichoke root - tuber. Single-factor experiment and response surface methodology were used to determine the bonding parameters such as normal stiffness, tangential stiffness, normal strength, and tangential strength between Jerusalem artichoke root particles and between root and tuber particles. Subsequently, the three-point bending and root - tuber tensile simulation experiments were carried out on the determined parameters. The error between the simulation results and the physical experiment values of the root flexural modulus was 4. 29%. The error between the simulation results and the physical experiment values of the maximum allowable tensile resistance between the root and tuber was 7.72%. Finally, the calibrated model was used to simulate the Jerusalem artichoke tuber harvesting operation. The effect of drum screen rotary speed on the tuber shedding rate in the simulation and field experiments had a similar trend. The research demonstrated that the method used to establish the model was correct, and the calibration parameters were deemed reliable. As a result, the established Jerusalem artichoke root - tuber flexible model can be effectively employed for further simulation research pertaining to the mechanized harvesting process of Jerusalem artichokes. ? 2023 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 29

Main heading: Harvesting

Controlled terms: Conveying? - ?Stiffness? - ?Tubes (components)

Uncontrolled terms: Discrete elements? - ?Discrete elements method? - ?Experiment values? - ?Flexible model? - ?Jerusalem artichoke? - ?Jerusalem artichoke tubers? - ?Operational parameters? - ?Parameters calibrations? - ?Physical experiments? - ?Root tubers

Classification code: 619.1 Pipe, Piping and Pipelines? - ?692.1 Conveyors? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods? - ?951 Materials Science

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 2.90E 01%, Percentage 7.72E 00%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2023.10.011

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2023 Elsevier Inc.

35. Wheat Grain Counting Method Based on YOLO v7 - ST Model

Accession number: 20234515036128

Title of translation: 基于YOLO v7-ST模型的小麦籽粒计数方法研究

Authors: Wang, Ling (1); Zhang, Qi (1); Feng, Tianei (1); Wang, Yibo (1); Li, Yutong (2); Chen, Du (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Heilongjiang Agricultural Machinery Service Co., Ltd., Beidahuang Agricultural Service Group Co., Ltd., Harbin; 150090, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 54

Issue: 10

Issue date: 2023

Publication year: 2023

Pages: 188-197 and 204

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Aiming at the problems of low counting accuracy due to seed accumulation, sticking and shading phenomena in the wheat seed testing process, a high-throughput wheat seed vibration separation device was designed based on the principle of electromagnetic vibration. The main influencing factors of the degree of seed dispersion and separation were discussed by analyzing the forces, and the second-order dispersion coefficient was introduced to establish the seed dispersion grade evaluation method. On this basis, the YOLO v7 - ST model was then built by using the Swin Transformer module and was tested for counting performance under different discrete degree levels. The experimental results showed that the mean counting accuracy, Fl value and mean counting time of the YOLO v7 - ST model were 99. 16%, 93% and 1. 19 s under the three dispersion levels, respectively. Compared with that of the YOLO v7, YOLO v5 and Faster R CNN models, the mean counting accuracy was improved by 1.03 percentage points, 2.34 percentage points and 15.44 percentage points, respectively, and the Fl values of the comprehensive evaluation index of the model was increased by 2 percentage points, 3 percentage points and 16 percentage points, respectively. The mean counting time was decreased by 0.41 s and 0.36 s compared with that of YOLO v5 and Faster R - CNN, respectively, and it was only 0. 09 s slower than that of the YOLO v7 model. Overall, the YOLO v7 - ST model provided accurate and efficient detection of grains under various discrete degree levels, significantly improved the efficiency of wheat breeding. ? 2023 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 34

Main heading: Object detection

Controlled terms: Dispersions? - ?Grain (agricultural product)

Uncontrolled terms: Counting time? - ?Discrete degree? - ?Dispersion levels? - ?Electromagnetic vibrations? - ?Grain count? - ?Objects detection? - ?Percentage points? - ?Wheat? - ?Wheat seeds? - ?YOLO v7 - ST

Classification code: 723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?951 Materials Science

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.60E 01%, Percentage 9.30E 01%, Time 1.90E 01s, Time 3.60E-01s, Time 4.10E-01s, Time 9.00E 00s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2023.10.018

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2023 Elsevier Inc.

36. Detection and Tracking Algorithm of Fish Hypoxia Stress Behavior Based on Computer Vision

Accession number: 20234515036121

Title of translation: 基于计算机视觉的鱼类低氧胁迫行为检测与跟踪算法

Authors: Li, Daoliang (1, 2); Jiang, Guoqi (1, 2); Yang, Jian’An (1, 2); Bai, Yu (1, 2); Xie, Yan (1, 2); Wang, Chengguo (3)

Author affiliation: (1) National Innovation Center for Digital Fishery, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (3) Yantai Institute, China Agricultural University, Yantai; 264670, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 54

Issue: 10

Issue date: 2023

Publication year: 2023

Pages: 399-406

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to accurately detect and track the stress behavior of micropterus salmoides due to low dissolved oxygen content in water, an improved YOLO v5 and DeepSORT combined network algorithm was constructed. In terms of algorithm, two improvement schemes were proposed; two self-attention Swin Transformer modules based on shifted windows were added to the Backbone and Neck of the original YOLO v5, which improved the network’s ability to extract target feature information, thereby improving the detection effect of the original model; the learning rate strategy combined with Warmup and Cosine Annealing made the convergence speed of the multi-target tracking algorithm DeepSORT faster and more stable in the early stage. The experimental results showed that in terms of target detection, compared with the original YOLO v5, the mAP@ 0. 5, mAP@ 0. 5 :0. 95 and recall rate of the improved YOLO v5 were increased by 1. 9, 1. 3 and 0. 8 percentage points, respectively. In the case of incomplete occlusion, the improved algorithm could show better detection results. In terms of target tracking, the MOTA, MOTP, and IDF1 of the DeepSORT algorithm were increased by 4.0, 0.7 and 10.7 percentage points respectively, and the ID switching frequency of micropterus salmoides before and after occlusion was significantly suppressed. The improved YOLO v5 and DeepSORT tracking algorithms were more suitable for detecting and tracking the hypoxic stress behavior of micropterus salmoides, and can provide technical support for the breeding of micropterus salmoides. ? 2023 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 31

Main heading: Target tracking

Controlled terms: Clutter (information theory)? - ?Dissolved oxygen

Uncontrolled terms: Behavior-based? - ?Detection and tracking algorithms? - ?Hypoxia stress? - ?Low dissolved oxygen? - ?Micropteri salmoide? - ?Micropterus? - ?Multi-target-tracking? - ?Percentage points? - ?Stress behavior? - ?Targets detection

Classification code: 716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2023.10.040

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2023 Elsevier Inc.

37. Structural Parametric Identification of 2TPR&2TPS Parallel Robot

Accession number: 20234515041874

Title of translation: 2TPR&2TPS并联机器人结构参数辨识

Authors: Chen, Mingfang (1); He, Chaoyin (1); Zhang, Yongxia (1); Liang, Hongjian (1); Lu, Yubo (1); Huang, Liang’en (1)

Author affiliation: (1) Faculty of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming; 650500, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 54

Issue: 10

Issue date: 2023

Publication year: 2023

Pages: 421-431

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: The end pose accuracy of parallel robots has a significant impact on their working performance, and establishing effective calibration algorithms is an important guarantee for improving the pose accuracy of robots. A 2TPR&2TPS parallel mechanism was taken as the research object. Firstly, the kinematics of the robot was analyzed, and the error model of the robot was obtained by using the total derivative method. According to the model, the quantitative relationship between the structural parameter error of the robot and the end pose error and the influence law of the error changes of each error item on the end pose error was obtained. Subsequently, a parameter identification model was established based on the improved particle swarm optimization algorithm. The effectiveness of the parameter identification model was verified by setting a set of error values for the identified variables, and comparing the identified values with the set values five times. At the same time, a calibration effect evaluation function was established. Finally, the structural parameter error of the robot was identified with the parameter identification model, and the kinematics model of the robot was modified with the identified error value, and the error calibration of the robot was completed. The calibration effect evaluation function established was used to analyze the calibration effect. The experimental results showed that the average position accuracy of the robot after calibration was improved by 68. 62% , and the average distance error was reduced from 7. 710 mm to 2. 350 mm, with an accuracy improvement of 69. 52% . The experimental results proved that the calibration algorithm was effective. ? 2023 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 25

Main heading: Errors

Controlled terms: Agricultural robots? - ?Calibration? - ?Function evaluation? - ?Kinematics? - ?Parameter estimation? - ?Particle swarm optimization (PSO)

Uncontrolled terms: Calibration algorithm? - ?Improved particle swarm optimization algorithms? - ?Kinematic Calibration? - ?Parallel mechanisms? - ?Parallel robots? - ?Parameter error? - ?Parameter identification model? - ?Parameters identification? - ?Pose accuracy? - ?Structural parameter

Classification code: 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications? - ?731.5 Robotics? - ?821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment? - ?921.5 Optimization Techniques? - ?921.6 Numerical Methods? - ?931.1 Mechanics

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 5.20E 01%, Percentage 6.20E 01%, Size 3.50E-01m, Size 7.10E-01m to 2.00E-03m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2023.10.043

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2023 Elsevier Inc.

38. Digital Twin System for Agricultural Machinery with Cloud-Fog-Edge-Terminal Architecture

Accession number: 20234515009015

Title of translation: 云雾边端协同的农业装备数字孪生系统研究

Authors: Guo, Dafang (1, 2); Du, Yuefeng (1, 2); Li, Xiaoyu (1, 2); Li, Guorun (1, 2); Chen, Du (1, 2); Song, Zhenghe (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Beijing Key Laboratory of Optimized Design for Modern Agricultural Equipment, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 54

Issue: 10

Issue date: 2023

Publication year: 2023

Pages: 133-141

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: The concept of digital twin represents a cutting-edge approach that seamlessly integrates virtual and real-world environments, effectively addressing complexity and uncertainty issues encountered throughout the lifecycle of agricultural equipment. This innovation is poised to accelerate the transformation and modernization of the agricultural mechanization and equipment industry. However, the practical application of digital twin technology for agricultural machinery is still in its nascent stages, and typical case studies and practical solutions are yet to be developed. In light of the unique characteristics of digital twin and agricultural machinery, a cloud - fog - edge - terminal collaborative digital twin system architecture and operation mechanism was proposed, integrating the 5D model and mobile edge computing technology. Specially, a digital twin prototype system for a large corn harvester with grain direct harvesting capabilities was developed, focusing on the high broken grain rate during the threshing process. This system enabled functions such as model prediction, model update, real-time monitoring, and optimization decision-making. Field experiments were conducted, the results showed that the digital twin system effectively enhanced the adaptability of the virtual model, maintaining good predictive performance. Furthermore, the decision optimization method based on digital twin can reduce the broken grain rate by an average of 24. 24% compared with manual harvesting mode, and by an average of 15. 78% compared with feedback control mode. These findings confirmed that the prototype system can effectively improve the quality of corn grain harvesting. Overall, the proposed system architecture and implementation method were feasible and can provide a reference for further research and application of digital twin in the agricultural machinery industry. ? 2023 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 28

Main heading: Life cycle

Controlled terms: Computer architecture? - ?Decision making? - ?Grain (agricultural product)? - ?Harvesting? - ?Mobile edge computing

Uncontrolled terms: Agricultural equipment? - ?Corn threshing? - ?Cutting edges? - ?Decision optimization? - ?Edge calculation? - ?Optimisations? - ?Prototype system? - ?Systems architecture? - ?Terminal architectures? - ?Virtual worlds

Classification code: 722.4 Digital Computers and Systems? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?912.2 Management

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 2.40E 01%, Percentage 7.80E 01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2023.10.012

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2023 Elsevier Inc.

39. Similarity Design of Collecting Eggshells and Eggshell Membranes Device and Development of Design Program

Accession number: 20234515041877

Title of translation: 鸡蛋壳膜分选装置相似设计及设计程序开发

Authors: Chi, Yuan (1); Chen, Bochao (1); Liu, Cong (1); Wang, Hailing (1); Zhao, Ziwei (2); Chi, Yujie (3)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China; (2) School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun; 130025, China; (3) College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 54

Issue: 10

Issue date: 2023

Publication year: 2023

Pages: 381-389 and 415

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: The device collecting eggshells and eggshell membranes is used to collect separated eggshells and eggshell membranes from their mixture. At present, the device collecting eggshells and eggshell membranes has been studied and designed in the laboratory. A perfect collecting effect was achieved, and eggshells and eggshell membranes were collected separately after separation. Aiming to have the research results universally and save the design time while being applied in factory, based on the similarity theory and the researched device collecting eggshells and eggshell membranes in the laboratory as the model, a similarity design method of the device collecting eggshells and eggshell membranes was proposed. The collecting fluent processes were simulated respectively in the device designed by the similarity design method when the solid load was 6 kg/s, 12 kg/s, 18 kg/s and 24 kg/s. And furthermore, a device of which scalar was 1. 2 compared with the model of the device collecting eggshells and eggshell membranes was designed. Both simulations and experiment verified correctness and feasibility of the design method of the device collecting eggshells and eggshell membranes. A software was programmed by application development of CATIA and AutoCAD based on Visual Basic 6. 0 , which gave direct access to 3D models, 2D drawings and working parameters of the device collecting eggshells and eggshell membranes. The efficiency of design was improved, and the cost was reduced. And then the rapid design of the device collecting eggshells and eggshell membranes was realized. ? 2023 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 21

Main heading: Application programs

Controlled terms: Computer aided design? - ?Membranes? - ?Three dimensional computer graphics? - ?Visual BASIC

Uncontrolled terms: Design method? - ?Design programs? - ?Eggshell and eggshell membrane collection? - ?Eggshell membranes? - ?Membrane devices? - ?Research results? - ?Secondary development? - ?Secondary development of software? - ?Similarity design? - ?Simulation

Classification code: 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications? - ?723.1.1 Computer Programming Languages? - ?723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing? - ?723.5 Computer Applications? - ?951 Materials Science

Numerical data indexing: Mass flow rate 1.20E 01kg/s, Mass flow rate 1.80E 01kg/s, Mass flow rate 2.40E 01kg/s, Mass flow rate 6.00E 00kg/s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2023.10.038

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2023 Elsevier Inc.

40. Emergency Scheduling of Harvester Caused by Change of Dynamic Time Window Due to Weather Change

Accession number: 20234515008991

Title of translation: 天气变化情形下基于动态时间窗的收获机应急调度技术

Authors: Wang, Haoxiang (1); Cao, Guangqiao (2); Yan, Zitong (1); Chen, Cong (2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Information Management, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing; 210031, China; (2) Nanjing Research Institute for Agricultural Mechanization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing; 210014, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 54

Issue: 10

Issue date: 2023

Publication year: 2023

Pages: 105-113

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In the wheat harvest period, when the weather changes, the wheat harvesting time window will change, if the original scheduling scheme is not adopted in a timely and efficient dynamic scheduling method, it will cause a large number of farmers to delay the harvest of farmland, which will bring huge losses to farmers. To avoid or reduce the loss of farmers caused by weather change, considering the emergency scheduling problem of farmland harvester time window change caused by weather change, an multi-objective emergency scheduling model considering the transfer time, waiting time and delay time of the harvester was established, it considered a shortened harvest time window caused by weather change, and an emergency degree function of farmland harvest was introduced to determine the emergency farmland. The farmland with the intersection of working time and rainy time would be prioritized according to the emergency degree. The genetic algorithm was improved according to the characteristics of this model by using two-level multi segment coding method and single point crossing method, so that the algorithm can effectively avoid local optimization and achieve global convergence. Based on the improved genetic algorithm, an emergency harvester scheduling algorithm was designed to achieve the priority of emergency farmland by changing the original harvester route dynamically, so as to improve the service capacity of agricultural machinery cooperatives and reduce farmer losses. Finally, an example was introduced to prove the feasibility of the model and algorithm. ? 2023 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 17

Main heading: Harvesters

Controlled terms: Farms? - ?Genetic algorithms? - ?Harvesting? - ?Scheduling algorithms

Uncontrolled terms: Dynamic scheduling methods? - ?Dynamic time? - ?Dynamic time window? - ?Emergency scheduling? - ?Multi objective? - ?Scheduling problem? - ?Scheduling schemes? - ?Time windows? - ?Weather change? - ?Wheat harvest

Classification code: 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control? - ?821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2023.10.009

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2023 Elsevier Inc.

41. Statics Analysis of Bioinspired Fishbone Continuum Robot Based on Cosserat Theory

Accession number: 20234515023770

Title of translation: 基于Cosserat理论的仿生鱼骨连续型机器人静力学分析

Authors: Zhou, Pan (1); Yao, Jiantao (1, 2); Zhu, Kunming (1); Zhang, Xuanhao (1)

Author affiliation: (1) Parallel Robot Mechatronic System Laboratory, Hebei Province, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao; 066004, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Advanced Forging and Stamping Technology and Science, Ministry of Education, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao; 066004, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 54

Issue: 10

Issue date: 2023

Publication year: 2023

Pages: 432-440

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Continuum robots have a broad application prospect in space operations, medical surgery, agricultural harvesting and other fields due to their advantages of good dexterity, flexibility, and human-machine safety. Inspired by biological fishbone structure, a bioinspired fishbone continuum robot was proposed, which had compact structure, light weight, and high flexibility. However, the cross-arranged rigid-flexible-soft coupling multi-section structure of the bioinspired fishbone continuum robot made its statics modeling more difficult. The statics analysis of the bioinspired fishbone continuum robot was carried out based on Cosserat theory considering the coupling of its driving cables and elastic backbone. A Cosserat - rod model for the bioinspired fishbone continuum backbone and a Cosserat - string model for its driving cable were established. Furthermore, the coupling model of the Cosserat - rod and Cosserat - string models was established, which can be used to successfully predict the deformation laws of one bioinspired fishbone unit and two cross-arranged fishbone units under different cable driving forces and different tip loads. Compared with the experimental results, it was proved that the errors of theoretical value were within 1.5 mm, which was 1.2% of its length. The research result can provide a configuration for rigid-flexible-soft continuum robots, as well as a theoretical reference for the statics modeling of cable-driven rigid-flexible-soft coupling continuum robots. ? 2023 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 61

Main heading: Cables

Controlled terms: Agricultural robots? - ?Agriculture

Uncontrolled terms: Continuum robot? - ?Cosserat? - ?Cosserat rod? - ?Cosserat theory? - ?Coupling structures? - ?Driving cables? - ?Fishbone? - ?Rigid-flexible? - ?Rigid-flexible-soft coupling structure? - ?Static modelling

Classification code: 731.5 Robotics? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control? - ?821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.20E 00%, Size 1.50E-03m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2023.10.044

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2023 Elsevier Inc.

42. Pest Identification Method in Complex Farmland Environment Based on Improved YOLO v7

Accession number: 20234515021649

Title of translation: 基于改进YOLO v7的农田复杂环境下害虫识别算法研究

Authors: Zhao, Hui (1, 2); Huang, Biao (1, 2); Wang, Hongjun (1, 2); Yue, Youjun (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin; 300384, China; (2) Tianjin Key Laboratory of Complex System Control Theory and Application, Tianjin; 300384, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 54

Issue: 10

Issue date: 2023

Publication year: 2023

Pages: 246-254

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to enable the inspection robot to efficiently and accurately identify small, dense, morphologically variable, numerous and unevenly distributed pests, a pest recognition method based on the improved YOLO v7 was proposed. CSP Bottleneck was combined with a self-attentional mechanism based on shift window transformer (Swin Transformer), which improved the ability of the model to obtain the location information of dense pests. A fourth detection branch was added to the path aggregation part to improve the detection performance of the model on small targets. The convolutional attention module (CBAM) was integrated into the YOLO v7 model to make the model pay more attention to the pest area, suppress the background and other general feature information, and improve the recognition accuracy of blocked pests. Focal EIoU Loss function was used to reduce the influence of positive and negative sample imbalance on detection results and improve the recognition accuracy. According to the experimental results, the accuracy rate, recall rate and mAP of the improved algorithm were 91.6%, 82.9% and 88.2%, respectively by using the data set established based on the actual farmland environment, which was 2.5, 1.2 and 3 percentage points higher than that of the original model. Compared with other mainstream models, the experimental results showed that the proposed method was more effective in the actual detection of pests, and it had practical application value in solving the problem of accurate identification of pests in complex farmland environment. ? 2023 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 30

Main heading: Deep learning

Controlled terms: Farms

Uncontrolled terms: Complex farmland environment? - ?Deep learning? - ?Identification method? - ?Inspection robots? - ?Pest identification? - ?Recognition accuracy? - ?Recognition methods? - ?Shift window transformer? - ?Targets detection? - ?YOLO v7

Classification code: 461.4 Ergonomics and Human Factors Engineering? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 8.29E 01%, Percentage 8.82E 01%, Percentage 9.16E 01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2023.10.024

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2023 Elsevier Inc.

43. Lightweight Maturity Detection of Cherry Tomato Based on Improved YOLO v7

Accession number: 20234515021668

Title of translation: 基于改进YOLO v7的轻量化樱桃番茄成熟度检测方法

Authors: Miao, Ronghui (1, 2); Li, Zhiwei (1); Wu, Jinlong (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Information Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu; 030801, China; (2) College of Agricultural Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu; 030801, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 54

Issue: 10

Issue date: 2023

Publication year: 2023

Pages: 225-233

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Automatic and accurate detection of cherry tomato maturity in natural environment is the foundation for achieving automatic cherry tomato picking. According to the changes in phenotypic characteristics of cherry tomato during its mature period and the national standard GH/T 1193-2021, and regarding the lack of significant differences in adjacent maturity characteristics of cherry tomatoes and the problem of mutual occlusion between fruits, a lightweight maturity detection method of cherry tomato with five levels, including green, turning, pink, lightred and red was proposed based on improved YOLO v7 model. In this model, MobileNetV3 was introduced into the original YOLO v7 model as backbone for feature extraction to reduce the parameters of the original model; global attention mechanism (GAM) module was added to the feature fusion network to improve the feature expression ability of the model. The experimental results showed that the precision, recall and mean average precision of the improved model were 98. 6%, 98. 1 % and 98. 2%, respectively, the average detection time of a single image was 82 ms, and the memory occupied by the model was 66. 5 MB. Compared with Faster R - CNN, YOLO v3, YOLO v5s and YOLO v7 models, the mean average precision (mAP) was improved by 18.7, 0.2, 0. 3 and 0. 1 percentage points, respectively. The average accuracy of the improved YOLO v7 model was also improved, and memory usage of the model was optimal. The results showed that the improved YOLO v7 model can provide effective exploration for automated cherry tomato fruit picking. ? 2023 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 25

Main heading: Fruits

Controlled terms: Image enhancement

Uncontrolled terms: Attention mechanisms? - ?Cherry tomatoes? - ?Detection methods? - ?Global attention mechanism? - ?Lightweight? - ?Maturity detection? - ?Mobilenetv3? - ?National standard? - ?Natural environments? - ?YOLO v7

Classification code: 821.4 Agricultural Products

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.00E00%, Percentage 2.00E 00%, Percentage 6.00E 00%, Time 8.20E-02s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2023.10.022

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2023 Elsevier Inc.

44. Terminal Constraint and Kinematic Coupling of (2-RPU UPU) (RR) Hybrid Mechanism

Accession number: 20234515021658

Title of translation: (2-RPU UPU) (RR)混联机构末端约束和运动耦合分析

Authors: Hu, Bo (1); Gao, Tian (1); Zeng, Daxing (2); Lu, Wenjuan (2); Wang, Shuai (2); Wang, Guoyong (3)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Mechanical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao; 066000, China; (2) School of Mechanical Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan; 523808, China; (3) Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei Petroleum University of Technology, Chengde; 067000, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 54

Issue: 10

Issue date: 2023

Publication year: 2023

Pages: 416-420 and 458

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: The lower mobility hybrid mechanism has a special form of terminal constraints, and its terminal motion parameters are highly coupled. The parallel and serial modules of the hybrid mechanisms were often studied separately in the previous researches, resulting in the neglect of the research on the terminal constraint and motion coupling of the whole hybrid mechanism. There are defects in the constraint and motion analysis of this kind of mechanisms. The terminal constraint of the (2-RPU UPU) (RR) mechanism was analyzed by using the Grassmann - Cayley algebra. Based on the constraint equations, the terminal motion coupling model of this mechanism was established. Then the modified inverse kinematics of this mechanism was obtained subsequently. The result of terminal constraint analysis showed that the terminal constraint of the (2-RPU UPU) (RR) mechanism was a helical (1H) type constraint, and its degree of freedom was two rotational (2R), two translation (2T) and one 1H type motion. The result of motion coupling analysis showed that the 6-dimensional pose coupling relationship of the (2-RPU UPU) (RR) mechanism was expressed in the form of a multivariate coupling equation. The constraint analysis and motion coupling model of the (2-RPU UPU) (RR) mechanism established provided a reference for the terminal constraint and motion coupling analysis of lower mobility hybrid mechanisms. ? 2023 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 21

Main heading: Degrees of freedom (mechanics)

Controlled terms: Algebra? - ?Graph Databases? - ?Inverse kinematics? - ?Motion analysis

Uncontrolled terms: Constraint analysis? - ?Coupling analysis? - ?Coupling models? - ?Grassmann-cayley algebras? - ?Hybrid mechanisms? - ?Kinematic couplings? - ?Low mobility? - ?Motion Coupling? - ?Motion parameters? - ?Terminal constraint

Classification code: 723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing? - ?723.3 Database Systems? - ?921.1 Algebra? - ?931.1 Mechanics

Numerical data indexing: Inductance 1.00E00H, Magnetic flux density 2.00E 00T

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2023.10.042

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2023 Elsevier Inc.

45. Detection of Pesticide Residues in Cabbage Based on Fluorescence Spectroscopy Combined with Broad Learning

Accession number: 20234515036129

Title of translation: 基于荧光光谱结合宽度学习的白菜农药残留量检测方法

Authors: Liu, Cuffing (1, 2); Li, Jiacong (1, 2); Sun, Xiaorong (1, 2); Yin, Yingqian (1, 2); Zhang, Shanzhe (1, 2); Wu, Jingzhu (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Artificial Intelligence, Beijing Technology Anil Business University, Beijing; 100048, China; (2) Beijing Key Hiboratory of Big Data Technology for Food Safety, Beijing Technology Anil Business University, Beijing; 100048, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 54

Issue: 10

Issue date: 2023

Publication year: 2023

Pages: 198-204

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to efficiently monitor the pesticide residues in vegetables, a detection method of pesticide residue content of imidacloprid in cabbage on fluorescence spectroscopy was proposed. Firstly, 400 urn was determined of as the optimal excitation wavelength of imidacloprid by three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy. Afterwards, six pre-processing algorithms and two dimensionality reduction algorithms were analyzed. Multiple scattering calibration (MSC) and uninformalive variable elimination (UVE) were selected as the best pre-processing and wavelength selection methods, respectively. Finally, the broad learning system (BLS) was used for fluorescence spectroscopy modeling and compared with classical models such as partial least squares regression (PLSR), support vector machine (SVM), and deep extreme learning machines (DELM). The results showed that the BLS model obtained the best prediction of imidacloprid content. ‘Hie test set coefficient of determination (R2p) reached 0.949 and the root mean square error (KMSE) reached 0. 347 mg/kg. The research result showed that fluorescence spectroscopy combined with BLS was feasible to identify pesticide residue content, and it can provide a theoretical basis for the development of online detection system for pesticide residue content. ? 2023 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 27

Main heading: Learning systems

Controlled terms: Deep learning? - ?Fluorescence? - ?Fluorescence spectroscopy? - ?Insecticides? - ?Least squares approximations? - ?Mean square error? - ?Support vector machines

Uncontrolled terms: Broad learning system? - ?Cabbage? - ?Detection methods? - ?Excitation wavelength? - ?Imidacloprids? - ?Optimal excitation? - ?Pesticide residue? - ?Residue contents? - ?Three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopies? - ?Wave selection

Classification code: 461.4 Ergonomics and Human Factors Engineering? - ?723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications? - ?741.1 Light/Optics? - ?741.3 Optical Devices and Systems? - ?803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals? - ?921.6 Numerical Methods? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics? - ?941.3 Optical Instruments? - ?941.4 Optical Variables Measurements

Numerical data indexing: Mass 3.47E-04kg

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2023.10.019

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2023 Elsevier Inc.

46. Planning Method of Dynamic Maintenance Service Network for Cross-regional Agricultural Machinery

Accession number: 20234515036119

Title of translation: 面向跨区农机集群的动态维护服务网络规划方法

Authors: Li, Jinliang (1); Wang, Xibin (1); Hu, Yaoguang (1); Ren, Weibo (2)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing; 100081, China; (2) School of Mechanical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan; 030051, China

Corresponding author: Ren, Weibo(rwb012@126.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 54

Issue: 10

Issue date: 2023

Publication year: 2023

Pages: 142-151

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Maintenance service network is built by the manufacturer to provide timely maintenance and ensure reliable operation for machinery. It is of great strategic significance to design a reliable maintenance service network. Especially in the “three summer” and “harvesting, ploughing and sowing” period in agriculture, cross-region operation had become an important agricultural machinery service mode, which bring a great challenge to the maintenance of agricultural machinery. Thus, focused on dynamic moving and geographical distributed agricultural machinery, the joint optimization problem of the static and dynamic service facilities location and service region districting was proposed. A novel mixed-integer nonlinear programming model-based decision model was developed, and an effective solution algorithm integrating linearization method and Benders decomposition was designed to determine the location of static service stations and dynamic service vehicles. The service region districting problem was addressed simultaneously to assign service units to these selected service stations. Finally, a real case study in Henan Province was conducted to verify the performance of the developed mathematical model and proposed solution algorithm. Computational results showed that the optimal number of dynamic service vehicles was 26 and the total service costs were increased with the increase of number of dynamic service vehicles when the number was greater than 26. ? 2023 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 21

Main heading: Location

Controlled terms: Agricultural machinery? - ?Agriculture? - ?Integer programming? - ?Maintenance? - ?Nonlinear programming? - ?Stochastic programming? - ?Vehicles

Uncontrolled terms: Benders decomposition algorithm? - ?Cross-regional agricultural machinery? - ?Dynamic location problem? - ?Dynamic maintenance service network? - ?Dynamic maintenances? - ?Dynamic services? - ?Location problems? - ?Maintenance services? - ?Service region districting? - ?Services network

Classification code: 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control? - ?821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment? - ?913.5 Maintenance? - ?921.5 Optimization Techniques

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2023.10.013

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2023 Elsevier Inc.