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2014年第45卷第8期共收录54篇 1. Accession number: 201437063716 Title:Self-propelled crawler directional air-blowing orchard sprayer Authors:Zhang, Xiaohui1 ; Jiang, Zongyue1 ; Fan, Guoqiang1 ; Cao, Longlong1 Author affiliation:1 College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China Corresponding author:Zhang, Xiaohui Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume:45 Issue:8 Issue date:August 25, 2014 Publication year:2014 Pages:117-122 and 247 Language:Chinese ISSN:10001298 CODEN:NUYCA3 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery Abstract:A kind of self-propelled crawler directional air-blowing orchard sprayer was developed. The working principle and transmission line of the machine were introduced firstly. Adopting theoretical calculation, the design of whole structure and the technical parameters of the key components were determined. In order to achieve the directional spraying, the multi-degree of freedom framework was designed. The experiment showed that, compared with no wind spraying, the deposit rate of droplets increased by 42.9% and the coefficient of variation decreased by 18.5%. Compared with ordinary spraying, the number of droplets increased by 30.9% and the coefficient of variation decreased by 55.3%. Number of references:17 Main heading:Orchards Controlled terms:Drops - Experiments Uncontrolled terms:Coefficient of variation - Crawler self-propelled - Deposit rate - Directional spraying - Orchard sprayers - Theoretical calculations Classification code:443.1 Atmospheric Properties - 821.3 Agricultural Methods - 901.3 Engineering Research DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2014.08.019 Database:Compendex 2. Accession number: 201437063707 Title:Simulation and experiment of supplying seeds in box of magnetic precision cylinder-seeder Authors:Hu, Jianping1 ; Guo, Kun1 ; Zhou, Chunjian1 ; Hou, Chong1 Author affiliation:1 Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology, Ministry of Education, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China Corresponding author:Hu, Jianping Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume:45 Issue:8 Issue date:August 25, 2014 Publication year:2014 Pages:61-65 Language:Chinese ISSN:10001298 CODEN:NUYCA3 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery Abstract:Discrete element method was used to analyze the influence of working parameters on supplying seeds performance of magnetic precision cylinder seeder. Tomato powder coated seed was taken as the object of study, and then the seed and seeder simulation model was established. The mechanical interaction forces, both between seed and seeder and among the seeds were modeled by Hertz-Mindlin method (no slip). The effects of vibration frequency and amplitude on the seeds movement rule and the supplying performance were analyzed. The simulation results showed that when the vibration frequency was 40 Hz and the vibration amplitude was 0.5 mm or 0.75 mm, the seeds accumulated a stable height and the ideal seeds supplying performance could be received, which was beneficial to improve suction precision. In order to verify the reliability of the simulation model, high-speed photography technology was used to record the supplying process with the seed box vibration frequency of 40 Hz and vibration amplitude of 0.75 mm, and the supplying results were consistent with the simulation results. Experiments were carried out on magnetic precision cylinder-seeder and the results showed that the single grain rate was greater than 92% and leak seeding rate was less than 3% with the seed box vibration frequency of 40 Hz, vibration amplitude of 0.5 mm and 0.75 mm. The single grain rate was lower than 80% with vibration frequency of 20 Hz and 60 Hz, with different amplitudes. Number of references:9 Main heading:Cylinders (shapes) Controlled terms:Computer simulation - Experiments - Finite difference method - High speed photography Uncontrolled terms:Magnetic seeder - Mechanical interactions - Simulation - Simulation model - Single grains - Vibration amplitude - Vibration frequency - Working parameters Classification code:408.2 Structural Members and Shapes - 723.5 Computer Applications - 742.1 Photography - 901.3 Engineering Research - 921.6 Numerical Methods DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2014.08.010 Database:Compendex 3. Accession number: 201437063738 Title:Spatial and temporal variability of spring wheat leaf area index and coverage in Northwest China Authors:Wang, Chunmei1 ; Gu, Xingfa1 ; Yu, Tao1 ; Meng, Qingyan1 ; Liu, Miao1 ; Li, Lingling1 Author affiliation:1 Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China Corresponding author:Gu, Xingfa Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume:45 Issue:8 Issue date:August 25, 2014 Publication year:2014 Pages:254-261 and 235 Language:Chinese ISSN:10001298 CODEN:NUYCA3 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery Abstract:The temporal and spatial variability of spring wheat leaf area index (LAI) and coverage was investigated, which was essential for the spatial analysis of crop parameters and the exact way to resolve the matching problems between remote sensing data and ground observation data. The results showed that, with the growing of spring wheat, the CV of coverage decreased, while the CV of LAI increased first and then decreased. At the coverage-tillering stage, both wheat LAI and coverage had the maximum spatial correlation distance and the minimum spatial variation. But at later growth stages, the spatial correlation distance was relatively stable for LAI and coverage. At some sample points, spring wheat LAI and coverage had a higher temporal stability than others, especially after the tillering-shooting stage. Compared with the coverage, the temporal stability of LAI was more significant. The sampling sites with higher time stability could be used to estimate the mean value of large region. Spring wheat LAI model was built with parameters of coverage and growth period, which could reflect the spatial and temporal variability. Number of references:28 Uncontrolled terms:Coverage - Geo-statistics - Leaf Area Index - Spatial and temporal variability - Spring wheat DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2014.08.041 Database:Compendex 4. Accession number: 201437063714 Title:Partial constrained damping design of sensitive plate for grain loss monitoring sensor Authors:Liang, Zhenwei1 ; Li, Yaoming1 ; Zhao, Zhan1 ; Xu, Lizhang1 ; Tang, Zhong1 Author affiliation:1 Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology, Ministry of Education, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China Corresponding author:Li, Yaoming Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume:45 Issue:8 Issue date:August 25, 2014 Publication year:2014 Pages:106-111 and 79 Language:Chinese ISSN:10001298 CODEN:NUYCA3 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery Abstract:The relationship between response of grain impact sensitive plate in grain loss monitoring sensor and damping ratio was theoretically analyzed, and the importance of damping design in sensitive plate was pointed out. A method to increase the damping ratio of the system was proposed, which could quickly attenuate harmonic vibration of sensitive plate by laying a constrained damping layer on sensitive plate. Through grain collision response test on sensitive plate with different damping loss factor, optimal material and structure of the sensitive plate were determined, and the modal analysis of the sensitive plate was carried out though ANSYS software to find out the best location of constrained damping layer on sensitive plate. Grain collision response test results showed that, the time of grain collision signal waveform decayed to 1.5 V was shorten from 10 ms to about 3 ms before and after partial constrained damping treatment, which proved that the detecting frequency of grain loss monitoring sensor was greatly improved. Number of references:18 Main heading:Vibrations (mechanical) Controlled terms:Damping - Harvesters - Modal analysis - Plates (structural components) - Structural optimization Uncontrolled terms:Combine harvesters - Constrained damping layer - Damping loss factor - Damping ratio - Grain loss - Harmonic vibration - Monitoring sensors - Sensitive plate Classification code:408.2 Structural Members and Shapes - 821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment - 921 Mathematics - 921.5 Optimization Techniques - 931.1 Mechanics DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2014.08.017 Database:Compendex 5. Accession number: 201437063698 Title:Non-fragile H∞/L2-L∞ static output feedback control of active suspension with actuator input delay Authors:Kong, Yingxiu1, 2 ; Zhao, Dingxuan1 ; Yang, Bin1 ; Han, Chenghao1 ; Han, Jingyuan1 Author affiliation:1 College of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China 2 Department of Electronics and Automation, Kim Il Sung University, Pyongyang, Korea, People's Democratic Rep Corresponding author:Zhao, Dingxuan Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume:45 Issue:8 Issue date:August 25, 2014 Publication year:2014 Pages:1-7 Language:Chinese ISSN:10001298 CODEN:NUYCA3 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery Abstract:This paper presents an approach to design non-fragile H∞/L2-L∞ static output feedback control applied in design of vehicle active suspension, by considering input time-delay of the system and parameter perturbation of the controller. According to suspension design requirements, the H∞ and L2-L∞ norms are used respectively to reflect ride comfort and time-domain hard constraints. By employing a delay-dependent Lyapunov function, existence conditions of delay-dependent non-fragile static output feedback H∞ controller and L2-L∞ controller are derived respectively in terms of the feasibility of bilinear matrix inequalities (BMIs). Then, a new procedure based on linear matrix inequality (LMI) optimization and a hybrid algorithm of the particle swarm optimization (PSO) and differential evolution (DE) is used to solve an optimization problem with BMI constraints. Simulation results show that the designed active suspension system can guarantee their own performance. Number of references:19 Main heading:Active suspension systems Controlled terms:Automobile suspensions - Controllers - Design - Feedback control - Linear matrix inequalities - Lyapunov functions - Particle swarm optimization (PSO) - Suspensions (components) - Time delay Uncontrolled terms:Bilinear matrix inequality - Differential Evolution - Input time delays - Linear matrix inequality optimizations - Non-fragile control - Static output feedback - Static output feedback control - Vehicle active suspensions Classification code:408 Structural Design - 601.2 Machine Components - 632.1 Hydraulics - 713 Electronic Circuits - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 731 Automatic Control Principles and Applications - 731.1 Control Systems - 732.1 Control Equipment - 921 Mathematics - 921.1 Algebra DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2014.08.001 Database:Compendex 6. Accession number: 201437063712 Title:Design and experiment of litchi denucleating and decorticating machine Authors:Li, Changyou1 ; Ma, Xingzao1 ; Cheng, Hongsheng1, 2 ; Chen, Zhen1 ; Qing, Yanmei1 Author affiliation:1 College of Engineering, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China 2 Chinese Academy of Agricultural Engineering, Beijing, China Corresponding author:Li, Changyou Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume:45 Issue:8 Issue date:August 25, 2014 Publication year:2014 Pages:93-100 Language:Chinese ISSN:10001298 CODEN:NUYCA3 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery Abstract:In order to obtain the complete lanterns litchi pulp and improve the postpartum processing quality and commodity value of litchi, a kind of litchi denucleating and decorticating machine was designed based on physical characteristics of litchi and flexible denucleating cutter. The machine integrated functions of automatic directing, denucleating and decorticating, as well as separating. The pulp integrity rate and juice loss rate after denucleating and decorticating were investigated under different working conditions. The results showed that the directional success rate was over 90%, while the diameter of directional roller was 72 mm, the gap between roller was 2 mm, and the rotational speed was 93 r/min, as well as the longitudinal diameter was 1.3 mm longer than the equivalent diameter of litchi. When the inner diameter of cutter was 10 mm, the distance between denucleating cutter edge and the top of litchi was 2 mm, and the cutter shaft speed was 12 r/min, the denucleating success rate was 80%. Meanwhile, when the feeding hole spacing was 16 mm, the discharging hole spacing was 20 mm, and the decorticating roller angle was 0°, as well as the spindle speed was 15 r/min, the decorticating success rate was 100%, and the integrity rate of lanterns litchi pulp was more than 80%. The results provided a reference for expanding the processing and utilization way of litchi, and showed that the developed denucleating and decorticating equipment could be industrialized and widespreaded. Number of references:21 Main heading:Experiments Controlled terms:Design - Fruit juices - Rollers (machine components) Uncontrolled terms:Decorticating - Denucleating - Directing - Equivalent diameter - Integrated function - Litchi - Physical characteristics - Processing quality Classification code:408 Structural Design - 601.2 Machine Components - 822.3 Food Products - 901.3 Engineering Research DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2014.08.015 Database:Compendex 7. Accession number: 201437063729 Title:Biodiesel production through gaseous esterification reaction using waste cooking oil fatty acid catalyzed by solid acid Authors:Liu, Weiwei1, 2 ; Ma, Huan3 ; Yuan, Lixia1 ; Yao, Jianming1 ; Wu, Jinyong1 ; Chen, Xiangsong1 Author affiliation:1 Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Hefei, China 2 College of Engineering, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China 3 School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China Corresponding author:Yao, Jianming Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume:45 Issue:8 Issue date:August 25, 2014 Publication year:2014 Pages:201-205 Language:Chinese ISSN:10001298 CODEN:NUYCA3 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery Abstract:For more efficient and environmental friendly production of biodiesel from high acid value oil, a simple method was developed and investigated to produce biodiesel by combination of gaseous esterification and solid acid catalyst, and the waste cooking oil fatty acid was taken as the reactant. The orthogonal test was used to plan the experiments and optimize the reaction conditions, catalyst loading, reaction time and temperature, and the optimal conditions were obtained, 15% catalyst dosage, 60 min reaction time and 105 reaction temperature. Under these conditions, the catalyst could be reused for 5 times, and the acid value of biodiesel was only 0.64 mg/g. The reaction rate of esterification could reach to 99.65%, and the quality of refined biodiesel could meet the national standard GB/T20828-2007. Number of references:22 Main heading:Oils and fats Controlled terms:Biodiesel - Catalysts - Esterification - Esters - Fatty acids - Loading - Oil shale Uncontrolled terms:Biodiesel production - Environmental-friendly - Esterification reactions - Gaseous reaction - Reaction conditions - Reaction temperature - Solid acid catalysts - Waste cooking oil Classification code:512.1 Petroleum Deposits - 523 Liquid Fuels - 672 Naval Vessels - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 804.1 Organic Compounds DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2014.08.032 Database:Compendex 8. Accession number: 201437063703 Title:Compensation model for measurement error of wheel turning angle in agricultural vehicle guidance Authors:Wang, He1, 2 ; Hu, Jingtao1, 2 ; Gao, Lei1, 2 Author affiliation:1 Shenyang Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Science, Shenyang, China 2 University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China Corresponding author:Hu, Jingtao Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume:45 Issue:8 Issue date:August 25, 2014 Publication year:2014 Pages:33-37 Language:Chinese ISSN:10001298 CODEN:NUYCA3 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery Abstract:A measurement error was caused by using the kingpin turning angle in place of the wheel turning angle in agricultural vehicle guidance. A relation model between the wheel turning angle and the kingpin turning angle was established to compensate the measurement error. Then, a simulation was carried out, showing that the error between the wheel turning angle and the kingpin turning angle increased with the increase of the kingpin inclination. Next, a test was conducted to verify the correctness of the model, and the results showed that the model improved the accuracy of measurement for the wheel turning angle. The mean error decreased by 0.48°, and the maximum error decreased by 0.71° after model compensation. Finally, in practical application, the proposed model improved the performance of agricultural vehicle guidance system. Number of references:16 Main heading:Wheels Controlled terms:Agricultural machinery - Agriculture - Error compensation - Measurement errors Uncontrolled terms:Accuracy of measurements - Agricultural vehicle guidance systems - Agricultural vehicles - Automatic navigation - Compensation modeling - Kingpin inclination - Model compensation - Turning angles Classification code:601.2 Machine Components - 721.1 Computer Theory, Includes Formal Logic, Automata Theory, Switching Theory, Programming Theory - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment - 922 Statistical Methods DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2014.08.006 Database:Compendex 9. Accession number: 201437063750 Title:6-dimension control strategy for hydraulic stewart master-slave system Authors:Hou, Jingwei1 ; Ni, Tao1 ; Tang, Xinxing2 ; Zhao, Dingxuan1 Author affiliation:1 College of Machinery Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China 2 College of Mechanical Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun, China Corresponding author:Ni, Tao Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume:45 Issue:8 Issue date:August 25, 2014 Publication year:2014 Pages:334-338 and 346 Language:Chinese ISSN:10001298 CODEN:NUYCA3 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery Abstract:A master-slave system with hydraulic actuated Stewart mechanism in both master and slave sites is built. The system can be used for curved surface grinding work, where the grinding dust may do great harm to the operator. Aiming at the 6-DOF work condition of the system, a new workspace-based four channel bilateral servo control algorithm is designed. The new algorithm may decrease the nonlinear disturbance such as the difference of the cylinders and environment force, thus improve the accuracy of the feedback force. Based on this result, a multi-DOF strategy switch algorithm is proposed. By using different control strategy under the rigid impact time and soft impact, the vibrate problem on the master side during rigid impact on the slave side is solved. An experiment including soft and rigid collisions is implemented to validate the efficiency of the new algorithm. Number of references:18 Main heading:Grinding (machining) Controlled terms:Algorithms - Hydraulic machinery Uncontrolled terms:Force feedback - Hydraulic control - Master slave control - Multi-DOF - Stewart manipulator Classification code:606.2 Abrasive Devices and Processes - 632.2 Hydraulic Equipment and Machinery - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 921 Mathematics DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2014.08.053 Database:Compendex 10. Accession number: 201437063745 Title:4-UPS/UPR parallel mechanism dynamic analysis Authors:Geng, Mingchao1, 2 ; Zhao, Tieshi1, 2 ; Wang, Chang1 ; Liu, Xiao1 ; Yuan, Feihu1, 2 Author affiliation:1 Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Parallel Robot and Mechatronic System, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China 2 Key Laboratory of Advanced Forging & Stamping Technology and Science, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China Corresponding author:Zhao, Tieshi Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume:45 Issue:8 Issue date:August 25, 2014 Publication year:2014 Pages:299-306 Language:Chinese ISSN:10001298 CODEN:NUYCA3 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery Abstract:Based on the motion characters of the running cars, a novel coupling 4-UPS/UPR parallel mechanism is proposed as a car motion simulation platform. Based on the screw theory, the constraints of the middle constraint limb on the upper platform are analyzed. The singular, which is related to the configuration of the hinges, is analyzed using Grassmenn geometry. The kinematic operator function of the rotation matrix is employed to analyze the coupling motion characters of the parallel mechanism. The kinematic model of the mechanism is established using screw velocity and acceleration. The detailed dynamic model, including all the limbs, is gotten by the Newton-Euler Equation on rigid-body. And the corresponding numerical example is given to demonstrate the above theory. Number of references:19 Main heading:Mechanisms Controlled terms:Constraint theory - Dynamics - Kinematics - Screws Uncontrolled terms:Constraint limb - Coupling motions - Kinematic model - Newton-Euler equations - Operator function - Parallel mechanisms - Rotation matrices - Singular configurations Classification code:601.3 Mechanisms - 605 Small Tools and Hardware - 931.1 Mechanics - 961 Systems Science DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2014.08.048 Database:Compendex 11. Accession number: 201437063743 Title:Watershed segmentation method for segmenting defects on peach fruit surface Authors:Li, Jiangbo1, 2 ; Peng, Yankun1 ; Huang, Wenqian2 ; Zhang, Baohua2 ; Wu, Jitao2 Author affiliation:1 College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China 2 Beijing Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing, China Corresponding author:Huang, Wenqian Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume:45 Issue:8 Issue date:August 25, 2014 Publication year:2014 Pages:288-293 Language:Chinese ISSN:10001298 CODEN:NUYCA3 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery Abstract:Effective detection of peel defects on fruit was always the most important in automatic non-destructive detection of fruit. And, accurate segmentation of peel defects was a premise to effectively grade the fruit based on size of defect. However, since fruit surface usually has a larger curvature change, the non-uniform reflection from fruit surface is probably caused in terms of the same incident light source, and the accurate segmentation of peel defects will be affected. `Pinggu' peaches were applied as the research object, and a watershed segmentation method combining morphological gradient reconstruction with internal and external markers was proposed to segment the defects on fruit peel. First, R channel image was extracted and background was removed by mask template obtained from NIR image. Then, gradient image was obtained by morphological gradient operation, and gradient reconstruction was performed by using the gradient image to remove some small noises on the fruit surface. Next, internal and external marker operations were used to obtain the marker image. Finally, defects on peel were segmented by using the standard watershed algorithm. For the investigated 525 sample images including seven peel types, a 96.8% successful recognition rate was achieved. The experimental results showed that a watershed segmentation algorithm combining morphological gradient reconstruction with marker extraction could be effectively used to segment the peel defects on peach and the performance of algorithm was not affected by non-uniform illumination on peach surface. However, defect segmentation rate needed to be further improved. Number of references:15 Main heading:Image segmentation Controlled terms:Fruits - Light sources - Mathematical morphology - Surface defects Uncontrolled terms:Marker extraction - Morphological gradient reconstruction - Morphological operations - Nondestructive detection - Peach - Performance of algorithm - Water-shed algorithm - Watershed segmentation algorithm Classification code:421 Strength of Building Materials; Mechanical Properties - 741.1 Light/Optics - 744 Lasers - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 921 Mathematics - 951 Materials Science DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2014.08.046 Database:Compendex 12. Accession number: 201437063725 Title:Performance of biomass-fuel cell/gas turbine power plant Authors:Liu, Aiguo1 ; Wang, Bing1 ; Weng, Yiwu2 ; Zeng, Wen1 ; Chen, Baodong1 Author affiliation:1 College of Aerospace Engineering, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang, China 2 Key Laboratory of Machinery and Power Engineering, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China Corresponding author:Liu, Aiguo Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume:45 Issue:8 Issue date:August 25, 2014 Publication year:2014 Pages:178-183 Language:Chinese ISSN:10001298 CODEN:NUYCA3 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery Abstract:The aim of this work is to numerically analyze the performance of a integrated power plant, which is composed of a biomass gasifier, a fuel cell and a gas turbine. The biomass gasifier is a steam fluidized bed system based on the UNIQUE concept. The chemical kinetics model is applied for the analysis of gas composition production, and the naphthalene is chosen as the tar composition. Effects of different moisture contents in the biomass and fuel utilization on the system performance are studied. The results show that, the biomass gasification-SOFC/MGT power plant can obtain an efficiency above 47% at the 200 kW with the 20% of biomass steam content, which is higher than other biomass power plant. The increase of steam content in the biomass can decrease the system power and efficiency. The system power changes insignificantly with the increase of fuel utilization, while the system efficiency can increase significantly. Number of references:14 Main heading:Biomass Controlled terms:Efficiency - Fuel cells - Gas turbines - Gasification - Hybrid systems - Naphthalene Uncontrolled terms:Biomass power plants - Chemical kinetics model - Different moisture contents - Fluidized bed system - Gas compositions - Solid oxide - System efficiency - Turbine power plants Classification code:525.1 Energy Resources and Renewable Energy Issues - 612.3 Gas Turbines and Engines - 702.2 Fuel Cells - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 913.1 Production Engineering - 921 Mathematics DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2014.08.028 Database:Compendex 13. Accession number: 201437063748 Title:Stiffness model of a machining robot Authors:Zhang, Yonggui1 ; Liu, Wenzhou1 ; Gao, Jin'gang1 Author affiliation:1 School of Mechanical and Electronical Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, China Corresponding author:Zhang, Yonggui Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume:45 Issue:8 Issue date:August 25, 2014 Publication year:2014 Pages:321-327 Language:Chinese ISSN:10001298 CODEN:NUYCA3 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery Abstract:Taking robot arm as research objective, this paper analyzes and researches the stiffness model of a machining robot. First, the size of the equivalent stiffness is calculated according to the robot transmission components, which are come down to elastic components and reduced to the corresponding joints. After obtaining the stiffness of each robot joint, the joint deflection performance in robot end is mapped out by using Jacobian matrix. In addition, the robot arm is regarded as a flexible rod, and the deflection deformation models of stretch, torsion and curve are built, respectively. And then the robot kinematics model is established, in which the staging parameters are contained. From calculating the operation end mapping, each arm rod deflection has micro variable. Finally, the joint deflection and arm rod deflection are stacked in the robot operation end, and then the robot general operating space stiffness is solved through stiffness definition. Number of references:19 Main heading:Stiffness Controlled terms:Deflection (structures) - Jacobian matrices - Machining - Robotic arms Uncontrolled terms:Deflection deformations - Elastic components - Equivalent stiffness - Joint stiffness - Research objectives - Robot arms - Robot kinematics - Transmission components Classification code:421 Strength of Building Materials; Mechanical Properties - 422 Strength of Building Materials; Test Equipment and Methods - 604.2 Machining Operations - 731.5 Robotics - 921.1 Algebra - 951 Materials Science DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2014.08.051 Database:Compendex 14. Accession number: 201437063740 Title:Forecasting chlorophyll content and moisture of apple leaves in different tree growth period based on spectral reflectance Authors:Ji, Ronghua1 ; Zheng, Lihua1 ; Deng, Xiaolei1 ; Zhang, Yao1 ; Li, Minzan1 Author affiliation:1 College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China Corresponding author:Zheng, Lihua Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume:45 Issue:8 Issue date:August 25, 2014 Publication year:2014 Pages:269-275 Language:Chinese ISSN:10001298 CODEN:NUYCA3 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery Abstract:In order to detect the growth status of apple trees based on spectroscopy, an apple orchard was selected as the experimental site located at the outskirts of Beijing. First, the samples of apple tree leaves at each key growth period were collected. Then the spectral reflectance, chlorophyll content and moisture content of the samples were measured respectively. The characteristics of those spectra were analyzed and the correlation between chlorophyll content, moisture content and their spectra were calculated. The results showed that the original spectra were most correlated with leaf chlorophyll content from 511 nm to 590 nm and from 688 nm to 715 nm. The correlation coefficients in September were high and the maximum value was 0.6.From the correlation analysis between apples leaves moisture content and their spectra, it was found that the original spectra were most correlated with leaf moisture content at the wavebands of 420~500 nm, 640~680 nm and 740~860 nm, and the correlation coefficients in fruiting period were high. According to the selected sensitive bands, the models for estimating the chlorophyll content and moisture content in apple leaves were built by multiple linear regression analysis (MLRA), principal component analysis (PCA) and artificial neural network (ANN), respectively. The models were tested by the validation set which included 25 samples of apple tree leaves. The forecasting results indicated that the model based on PCA was the best model to predict the chlorophyll content of apple leaves, and the calibration and validation R2 were 0.8852 and 0.8289, respectively. The forecasting model of apple leaf moisture content based on ANN was the best, and the calibration and validation R2 were 0.862 and 0.8375, respectively. Number of references:22 Main heading:Fruits Controlled terms:Calibration - Chlorophyll - Forecasting - Forestry - Linear regression - Moisture - Moisture determination - Neural networks - Principal component analysis - Reflection - Spectroscopy Uncontrolled terms:Apple leaves - Calibration and validations - Chlorophyll contents - Correlation coefficient - Forecasting modeling - Leaf chlorophyll content - Multiple linear regression analyses (MLRA) - Spectral reflectances Classification code:711 Electromagnetic Waves - 723.4 Artificial Intelligence - 801 Chemistry - 821.0 Woodlands and Forestry - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics - 941 Acoustical and Optical Measuring Instruments - 942 Electric and Electronic Measuring Instruments - 943 Mechanical and Miscellaneous Measuring Instruments - 944 Moisture, Pressure and Temperature, and Radiation Measuring Instruments - 944.2 Moisture Measurements DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2014.08.043 Database:Compendex 15. Accession number: 201437063733 Title:Glass transition temperature and state diagram of freeze-dried scallop muscle Authors:Shi, Qilong1 ; Lin, Wenwen1 ; Zhao, Ya1 ; Han, Aiqin1 Author affiliation:1 School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China Corresponding author:Shi, Qilong Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume:45 Issue:8 Issue date:August 25, 2014 Publication year:2014 Pages:225-230 Language:Chinese ISSN:10001298 CODEN:NUYCA3 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery Abstract:Moisture adsorption isotherm of freeze-dried scallop, with and without maltodextrin addition (mass fraction of 5% of total solids content), was determined at 25 by the gravimetric method. Differential scanning calorimetry was used to determine the glass transition temperature (Tg) and freezing point (TF) of samples equilibrated at various water activities. The state diagram was composed of the glass transition line and freezing curve, which were fitted according to Gordon-Taylor equation and Clausius-Clapeyron equation, respectively. The results showed that the adsorption behavior of scallop displayed J type isotherms. The GAB model satisfactorily described the adsorption behavior of scallop. The equilibrium moisture content in dry basis (EMC) of scallop samples containing maltodextrin (PS-MD) and maltodextrin-free scallop (PS) increased with increasing water activity (aw). EMC of PS-MD at a given aw was lower than that of PS especially at aw higher than 0.62. The monolayer moisture content decreased with maltodextrin addition and the values were observed to be 0.0822 and 0.0716 g/g for PS and PS-MD, respectively. Tg decreased with increasing moisture content. Tg decreased from -4.25 to -60.92 as moisture content of PS increased from 2.81% to 21.96%. Tg decreased from 1.32 to-51.41 as moisture content of PS-MD increased from 2.11% to 19.72%. TF decreased with increasing solid content. The state diagram yielded maximally-freeze-concentrated solutes at 76.7% and 82.0% solids with the characteristic temperature of glass transition being -70.99 and -54.58 for PS and PS-MD, respectively. The corresponding un-freezable water for PS and PS-MD were 23.3% and 18.0%, respectively. Number of references:24 Main heading:Molluscs Controlled terms:Adsorption isotherms - Differential scanning calorimetry - Glass - Glass transition - Moisture - Moisture determination - Polysaccharides - Shellfish Uncontrolled terms:Characteristic temperature - Clausius-Clapeyron equations - Equilibrium moisture contents - Maltodextrins - Moisture adsorption - Monolayer moisture content - Scallop - State diagram Classification code:461.9 Biology - 471 Marine Science and Oceanography - 801 Chemistry - 801.4 Physical Chemistry - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 812.3 Glass - 815.1 Polymeric Materials - 944.2 Moisture Measurements DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2014.08.036 Database:Compendex 16. Accession number: 201437063706 Title:Subsoil compaction device for rice seedling nursery planter of bowl seedling tray Authors:Ma, Xu1, 2 ; Xie, Junfeng1 ; Qi, Long1 ; Liang, Zhongwei1 ; Kuang, Jianxia1 ; Tan, Yongxin1 Author affiliation:1 College of Engineering, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China 2 Collaborative Innovation Center of Grain Production Capacity Improvement in Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, China Corresponding author:Ma, Xu Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume:45 Issue:8 Issue date:August 25, 2014 Publication year:2014 Pages:54-60 Language:Chinese ISSN:10001298 CODEN:NUYCA3 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery Abstract:The subsoil compaction device of bowl seedling tray cave-hole for rice seedling nursery planter was developed for soft and hard seedling tray. The device control system based on AT89C51 microcontroller used a stepping motor and a transporting-tray limit switch to control seedling tray feeding, and used a restrict limit switch and an align proximity switch to conduct seedling tray alignment and interaction between subsoil in the seedling tray cave-hole and the roller finger. With these steps, subsoil compaction was realized on this device. Through various testing on the compaction device, the optimum working parameters of the compaction device were obtained. The seedling tray alignment test showed that the system realized exact match between the seedling tray cave-hole and roller finger during the subsoil compaction operation at a productivity of 500 trays per hour and an advance angle arc length of 1mm, and the alignment rate of 98%, which met the technical requirements for subsoil compaction of bowl seedling tray cave-hole. The seedling nursery test showed that subsoil compaction of bowl seedling tray cave-hole improved the quality of seedlings and ensured the integrity and tightness of bowl seedling root-soil complex, which was most helpful for planting operations when the depth of subsoil compaction was 6 mm. Number of references:11 Main heading:Compaction Controlled terms:Alignment - Caves - Control systems - Seed - Soils - Stepping motors Uncontrolled terms:Bowl seedling tray - Compaction operations - Device control - Limit switches - Optimum working parameters - Rice seedling nurseries - Subsoil compaction device - Technical requirement Classification code:481.1 Geology - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 536.1 Powder Metallurgy Operations - 601.1 Mechanical Devices - 705.3 Electric Motors - 731.1 Control Systems - 821.4 Agricultural Products DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2014.08.009 Database:Compendex 17. Accession number: 201437063746 Title:Kinematics and workspace analysis of a novel 4-DOF redundant actuation parallel mechanism Authors:Chen, Xiulong1 ; Chen, Linlin1 ; Liang, Xiaoxia1 Author affiliation:1 College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China Corresponding author:Chen, Xiulong Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume:45 Issue:8 Issue date:August 25, 2014 Publication year:2014 Pages:307-313 Language:Chinese ISSN:10001298 CODEN:NUYCA3 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery Abstract:A novel 4-UPS-RPU spatial 4-degree of freedom redundant actuation parallel mechanism, which can achieve two rotational DOF and two translational DOF, is introduced, and the kinematics and workspace analysis are carried out. 4-UPS-RPU parallel mechanism includes five limbs, four types of universal joint-prismatical joint-spherical joints and one type of revolution-prismatical joint-universal joint. The reverse solutions of position analysis for the parallel mechanism are presented, and the Jacobian matrix and acceleration equation are derived. The inverse position, velocity and acceleration of this parallel mechanism are solved, and on this basis, the workspace of the parallel mechanism is analyzed. The research can provide a theoretical basis foundation to promote application of 4-UPS-RPU redundant actuation parallel mechanism. Number of references:20 Main heading:Mechanisms Controlled terms:Jacobian matrices - Joints (anatomy) - Kinematics - Universal joints Uncontrolled terms:Acceleration equations - Kinematics analysis - Parallel mechanisms - Position analysis - Redundant actuation - Translational DOF - Workspace - Workspace analysis Classification code:461.3 Biomechanics, Bionics and Biomimetics - 601.2 Machine Components - 601.3 Mechanisms - 921.1 Algebra - 931.1 Mechanics DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2014.08.049 Database:Compendex 18. Accession number: 201437063744 Title:Architecture and implementation of nir analysis system based on cloud computing Authors:Huang, Hua1 ; Zhu, Shiping1 ; Liu, Bizhen1 Author affiliation:1 College of Engineering and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China Corresponding author:Zhu, Shiping Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume:45 Issue:8 Issue date:August 25, 2014 Publication year:2014 Pages:294-298 and 327 Language:Chinese ISSN:10001298 CODEN:NUYCA3 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery Abstract:Traditional NIR systems are stand-alone and difficult to model. In order to share resource of existed NIR model, a NIR analysis system based on cloud computing is proposed. The NIR software analysis system is designed on a high performance server instead of the host of stand-alone version, and the architecture and design procedures of the NIR cloud analysis system are described in detail. The system has the functions of preprocessing of near infrared spectral data, quantitative analysis, qualitative analysis, spectral model search and spectral model transfer. The identification results of waste edible oil between NIR cloud analysis system and stand-alone version are compared. The overall rate of correct identification is 86.21% for the 50 samples of waste edible oil by the NIR cloud analysis system. This result is fully consistent with the analysis results in stand-alone. The experimental results show that the cloud NIR analysis system is low cost, easy modeling, access to flexible, enabling resource sharing and remote access, etc. Number of references:20 Main heading:Search engines Controlled terms:Cloud computing - Infrared devices - Near infrared spectroscopy Uncontrolled terms:Design procedure - Near infrared spectral - Qualitative analysis - Resource sharing - Software analysis - Spectral modeling - Stand-alone version - Waste edible oil Classification code:722.4 Digital Computers and Systems - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 741.3 Optical Devices and Systems DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2014.08.047 Database:Compendex 19. Accession number: 201437063730 Title:Model component of bio-oil upgrading by NiO/HZSM-5 catalyst Authors:Qin, Liyuan1 ; Sun, Yan1 ; Jiang, Enchen1 ; Luo, Lina1 Author affiliation:1 College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China Corresponding author:Jiang, Enchen Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume:45 Issue:8 Issue date:August 25, 2014 Publication year:2014 Pages:206-213 Language:Chinese ISSN:10001298 CODEN:NUYCA3 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery Abstract:NiO/HZSM-5 catalysts with different NiO contents were prepared by impregnation method and their property was investigated. The surface performance tests showed taht the catalyst with 8% loading metal (8-ZSM-5) had satisfied surface morphology and structure. The catalytic activity of NiO/HZSM-5 catalyst was evaluated via the experimental study on catalytic bio-oil model in a self made biomass continuous pyrolysis system. The results showed that the reaction activities of the catalysts were greatly influenced by the NiO content and the catalytic temperature. When the reaction temperature was 400 and catalyst loading metal was 8%, the catalyst made the percent conversion of the toluene and guaiacol reach 80% and 85% respectively, which increased 60% and 70% compared with only HZSM-5 catalyst acting. The heat value of upgrading bio-oil model could increase 30% as well. Meanwhile, the addition of NiO decreased the Bronsted acidity by 45%, and improved anti-carbon ability and stability of catalyst, and the lifetime of the catalyst was extented as well. The 8-ZSM-5 catalyst kept the high catalysis activity after 6 h reaction. Number of references:20 Main heading:Catalyst activity Controlled terms:Biofuels - Models - Zeolites Uncontrolled terms:Bio oil - Catalytic upgrading - Continuous pyrolysis - Impregnation methods - Lifetime tests - Morphology and structures - Reaction temperature - Surface performance Classification code:523 Liquid Fuels - 524 Solid Fuels - 803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 902.1 Engineering Graphics DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2014.08.033 Database:Compendex 20. Accession number: 201437063715 Title:Finite element modal analysis and structure optimization of spray boom Authors:Qiu, Baijing1 ; He, Yaojie1 ; Sheng, Yunhui1 ; Yin, Zhenhua1 ; Deng, Wuqing1 Author affiliation:1 Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology, Ministry of Education, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China Corresponding author:Qiu, Baijing Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume:45 Issue:8 Issue date:August 25, 2014 Publication year:2014 Pages:112-116 and 105 Language:Chinese ISSN:10001298 CODEN:NUYCA3 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery Abstract:In order to study dynamic characteristic of spray boom, a parametric finite element model of spray boom was built in ANSYS, and the model was validated by experimental modal analysis. According to the result of spray boom modal analysis, the structure of the spray boom was optimized in ANSYS, in the condition of increasing the spray boom mass for 8.4%, increasing the first mode frequency from 9.16 Hz to 10.41 Hz, and avoiding from the resonance vibration section. Then, the deformation of the spray boom in operating before and after optimization was compared and analyzed in ADAMS. The result showed that the max horizontal deformation at the spray boom end before optimization Dbmax was 39.6 mm, and the root-mean-square was 12.6 mm. The max horizontal deformation at the spray boom end after optimization Damax was 10.1 mm, and the root-mean-square was 2.9 mm. The horizontal deformation was reduced. Number of references:19 Main heading:Structural optimization Controlled terms:Deformation - Modal analysis Uncontrolled terms:Dynamic characteristics - Experimental modal analysis - Finite element modal analysis - Optimal design - Parametric finite elements - Parametric modeling - Spray booms - Sprayer Classification code:421 Strength of Building Materials; Mechanical Properties - 422 Strength of Building Materials; Test Equipment and Methods - 921 Mathematics - 921.5 Optimization Techniques DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2014.08.018 Database:Compendex 21. Accession number: 201437063708 Title:Experiment on removing soil device with spring tooth of peanut combine harvester Authors:Yang, Ranbing1 ; Chai, Henghui1 ; Shang, Shuqi1 Author affiliation:1 College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China Corresponding author:Shang, Shuqi Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume:45 Issue:8 Issue date:August 25, 2014 Publication year:2014 Pages:66-71 and 92 Language:Chinese ISSN:10001298 CODEN:NUYCA3 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery Abstract:Removing-soil devices are very important to the peanut combine harvester, and directly affect the work performance of the follow-up peanut stripping devices. According to the poor performance in removing soil of the traditional removing-soil devices used in the peanut combine harvester, a new removing soil device with spring tooth is designed. Based on the analysis of removing-soil principle, this paper analyzes the performance of removing soil and gets the regression equation between eccentric-wheel speed, eccentricity, spring tooth arm and removing soil performance index (removing soil rate and peanuts falling rate). Finally, this paper draws a conclusion that the optimum removing soil performance can be obtained under the condition as following: eccentric wheel speed is 23 r/min, the eccentricity is 38 mm, the length of spring tooth's arm is 125 mm. Every index of the performance meets the demands of design. Number of references:20 Main heading:Soils Controlled terms:Design - Experiments - Harvesters - Oilseeds - Wheels Uncontrolled terms:Combine harvesters - Eccentric wheels - Peanut - Poor performance - Regression equation - Removing soil device with spring tooth - Stripping devices - Work performance Classification code:408 Structural Design - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 601.2 Machine Components - 821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 901.3 Engineering Research DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2014.08.011 Database:Compendex 22. Accession number: 201437063709 Title:Dynamic simulation of disc saw cutter system of caragana korshinskii harvester Authors:Qiu, Shujin1 ; Guo, Yuming1 ; Zheng, Decong1 Author affiliation:1 College of Engineering and Technology, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China Corresponding author:Guo, Yuming Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume:45 Issue:8 Issue date:August 25, 2014 Publication year:2014 Pages:72-79 Language:Chinese ISSN:10001298 CODEN:NUYCA3 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery Abstract:The disc saw cutter system is one of the key components in caragana korshinskii harvester, and determines the cutting quality of caragana korshinskii. We established a simplified model of the cutter based on the parameters of each part of the disc saw cutter system, and built the cutting object caragana korshinskii model combining with the caragana korshinskii parameters. These parameters were introduced into dynamic analysis software ADAMS, and the cutting object was replaced as flexible body. The rigid-flexible coupling dynamic analysis of caragana korshinskii was conducted while the cutting institution was working. Considering the diameter, thickness and rotational speed of the disc saws as factors, the impact-force of x (direction of operation), y (vertical upward), and z (horizontal to left direction) axes between caragana plant and cutter were selected as the response function to represent the caragana cutting efficiency. A virtual orthogonal test of three factors and three levels was performed on parameters, which were related to the cutting efficiency and power. The response surface regression equation of each indicator was obtained, and the validation and comparative analysis was performed by field experiment. The result showed when the disc saw diameter was 400 mm, thickness was 5 mm and the rotational speed was 1 500 r/min, the cutting power of one cutting component was 12.32 kW, and the cutting efficiency was the best. This study provided the design basis for selecting the parameters of caragana korshinskii combine harvester. Number of references:28 Main heading:Sawing Controlled terms:Computer simulation - Efficiency - Flexible couplings - Harvesters - Saws Uncontrolled terms:Analysis softwares - Caragana Korshinskii - Combine harvesters - Comparative analysis - Disc saw cutter - Response functions - Rigid-flexible coupling dynamics - Virtual prototype Classification code:602.2 Mechanical Transmissions - 604.1 Metal Cutting - 605 Small Tools and Hardware - 723.5 Computer Applications - 821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment - 913.1 Production Engineering DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2014.08.012 Database:Compendex 23. Accession number: 201437063699 Title:Development of a vehicle-mounted testing device for aerodynamic field around wheels Authors:Wang, Cong1 ; Ma, Fei1 ; Ma, Wei1 ; Li, Yong1 ; Guo, Rong1 Author affiliation:1 School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China Corresponding author:Wang, Cong Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume:45 Issue:8 Issue date:August 25, 2014 Publication year:2014 Pages:8-13 Language:Chinese ISSN:10001298 CODEN:NUYCA3 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery Abstract:Strong aerodynamic force is generated between the wheels and road surface while a vehicle is moving fast on the road. As a result, the road surface is stroked by instantaneous and repeated aerodynamic force. For porous asphalt pavement, the repeated air pressure acted on the pavement would cause changes of water vapour state within, leading to pavement damage. Based on the 3D viscous incompressible Reynolds-averaged Navier-stokes equations and turbulence model k-Ε double equation model, the aerodynamic field between the vehicle and pavement was analyzed with numerical computing methods. The relationships between air pressures around the wheels and vehicle speed were studied. The variations of the air pressures at the front and back of the wheel were obtained. A vehicle-mounted aerodynamic field testing device was developed. Air pressures of the front and back of moving wheels were measured with the vehicle-mounted device. Testing results agreed with numerical calculation. It was indicated that the developed device could be used to investigate the aerodynamic field in vehicle-pavement system. Number of references:18 Main heading:Vehicle wheels Controlled terms:Aerodynamics - Atmospheric pressure - Computational fluid dynamics - Navier Stokes equations - Numerical methods - Roads and streets - Turbulence models - Vehicles Uncontrolled terms:Aerodynamic field - Aerodynamic forces - Measurement device - Numerical calculation - Numerical computing - Porous asphalt pavement - Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes equation - Vehicle-pavement system Classification code:406.2 Roads and Streets - 432 Highway Transportation - 443.1 Atmospheric Properties - 601.2 Machine Components - 651.1 Aerodynamics, General - 921.2 Calculus - 921.6 Numerical Methods DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2014.08.002 Database:Compendex 24. Accession number: 201437063737 Title:Influence of bionic indenter on food texture based on electromyographic signal Authors:Chen, Li1 ; Sun, Yonghai1 ; Liu, Jingjing2 ; Xie, Gaopeng1 Author affiliation:1 College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China 2 School of Automation Engineering, Northeast Dianli University, Jilin, China Corresponding author:Sun, Yonghai Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume:45 Issue:8 Issue date:August 25, 2014 Publication year:2014 Pages:248-253 and 281 Language:Chinese ISSN:10001298 CODEN:NUYCA3 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery Abstract:Bionic indenter was developed and used for food texture testing, and the characteristics of the masseter EMG in chewing process was obtained. The research found that the measurement results of bionic indenter and characteristics of the masseter EMG were significantly correlated. The correlation coefficients between the total energy of the first time compression and masseter activity, and between the hardness and the peak of masseter signal were 0.866 and 0.934, and the datas were bigger than the coefficients between the results of universal indenter and characteristics of the masseter EMG (0.740, 0.907). The results showed that the average closeness between food texture measured by bionic indenter and the variation of masseter activity was 9.3% higher than universal indenter, and the bionic indenter was better in reflection of actual food texture. Number of references:18 Main heading:Bionics Controlled terms:Electromyography - Textures Uncontrolled terms:Correlation coefficient - Electromyographic signal - Food texture - Indenters - Time compression - Total energy Classification code:461.6 Medicine and Pharmacology - 731.1 Control Systems - 933 Solid State Physics DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2014.08.040 Database:Compendex 25. Accession number: 201437063728 Title:Influence of composting pretreatment on dry anaerobic digestion of pine sawdust Authors:Wang, Zhongjiang1, 2 ; Li, Yebo2 ; Zhao, Jia2 Author affiliation:1 College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China 2 Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Ohio State University, Wooster; OH, United States Corresponding author:Wang, Zhongjiang Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume:45 Issue:8 Issue date:August 25, 2014 Publication year:2014 Pages:197-200 and 320 Language:Chinese ISSN:10001298 CODEN:NUYCA3 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery Abstract:The effects of aerobic composting pretreatment on the mixed material of pine sawdust (6.35 mm, 9.53 mm, 12.70 mm) and food wastes and the influence on subsequent dry anaerobic digestion were studied by adding the food wastes aiming at the problems of the less effects and the high costs of pretreatment of conifer pine before anaerobic digestion. The experimental results showed that the pretreatment effects of aerobic composting process on the pine sawdust were obvious. But the pretreatment effects decreased with the increase of particle size of pine sawdust. The biogas production rates of anaerobic digestion of the raw materials, which were pretreated by aerobic composting, were all within the ranges of 199~215 L/kg, about 140% of unpretreated samples. And the total volatile fatty acid of the material, which had more subsequent potential for generating biogas, were all 24.5 or so after anaerobic digestion, about 150% of unpretreated samples. Number of references:14 Main heading:Anaerobic digestion Controlled terms:Biogas - Volatile fatty acids Uncontrolled terms:Aerobic composting - Biogas production rates - Dry anaerobic digestions - Food waste - Pine sawdust - Pre-Treatment - Pretreatment effects - Total volatile fatty acids Classification code:452.4 Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 522 Gas Fuels - 804.1 Organic Compounds DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2014.08.031 Database:Compendex 26. Accession number: 201437063731 Title:Effect of relative camber on improving airfoil aerodynamic performance by blunt trailing-edge modification Authors:Zhang, Xu1 ; Li, Wei2 ; Xing, Jingzhong1 Author affiliation:1 Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Mechatronics Equipment Technology, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin, China 2 School of Energy and Safety Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin, China Corresponding author:Zhang, Xu Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume:45 Issue:8 Issue date:August 25, 2014 Publication year:2014 Pages:214-219 Language:Chinese ISSN:10001298 CODEN:NUYCA3 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery Abstract:The aerodynamic performance of original and modified airfoils with different camber for wind turbine was studied. The effects of relative camber on lift enhancement effect of blunt trailing-edge modification were revealed. The low-speed airfoil S809, S823 and S830 were modified to blunt trailing-edge airfoils of symmetrical trailing-edge thickness by XFOIL. The aerodynamic performance of original airfoils was simulated with S-A and k-ω SST turbulence model, respectively. And the numerical results were compared with the experimental data. Based on k-ω SST turbulence model with higher accuracy, the lift and drag coefficients, lift-drag ratios, their increments and airfoil surface pressure distributions of modified airfoils were calculated. The results showed that when the relative camber increased, the increment of lift coefficient increased first and then decreased in a certain range of attack angle, and the increment of lift-drag ratio increased before certain attack angle for blunt trailing-edge modification airfoils. The modified airfoil, whose relative camber was about 2.5% chord length, had the best lift enhancement effect, and the airfoil with large camber was unsuitable for the blunt trailing-edge modification. Number of references:15 Main heading:Airfoils Controlled terms:Cambers - Lift - Lift drag ratio - Wind turbines Uncontrolled terms:Aero-dynamic performance - Airfoil aerodynamics - Airfoil surfaces - Blunt trailing-edge modification - Lift and drag coefficients - Lift enhancement - Numerical results - SST turbulence models Classification code:615.8 Wind Power (Before 1993, use code 611 ) - 651.1 Aerodynamics, General - 652.1 Aircraft, General DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2014.08.034 Database:Compendex 27. Accession number: 201437063724 Title:Development of remote automatic metering sluice oriented to irrigation water diversion project Authors:Zhang, Congpeng1 ; Luo, Xueke1 ; Li, Leyi1 ; Mao, Tan1 ; Yue, Xiangquan1 Author affiliation:1 College of Mechanical Engineering, North China University of Technology, Beijing, China Corresponding author:Zhang, Congpeng Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume:45 Issue:8 Issue date:August 25, 2014 Publication year:2014 Pages:172-177 and 275 Language:Chinese ISSN:10001298 CODEN:NUYCA3 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery Abstract:Based on remote networking technology, a dynamic irrigation water diversion system was developed. The system consisted of automatic metering sluice clusters installed on the canals and remote diversion control and management system working in dispatching center. Combined with open channel flow measurement principle and sensor technology, the metering function of the gate was designed. The symmetrical bidirectional coupled winding wheel pulling mechanism and hollow honeycomb structure gate panel were utilized, which could improve the movement reliability and the energy efficiency. An ARM-based gate controller and software system were developed to achieve the gate intelligent control and wireless remote communication function. Various working modes of the sluice could meet the different applications needs. A solar power system was devised to solve the outdoor power supply problem of the automatic gate. To implement the remote linkage control of the sluice clusters, remote water diversion control software package was developed. The application and experiment results showed that the gate terminal had good adaptability to outdoor environment and stable work performance. The water level control error was less than 5 mm and the gate gap positioning control error was less than 1 mm. Under free flow conditions the flow measurement error was less than 4.6%, and under submerged conditions the flow measurement error was less than 8.3%. The remote automatic metering gate could satisfy all kinds of automatic water conveyance project applications. Number of references:18 Main heading:Water supply Controlled terms:Energy efficiency - Flood control - Flow measurement - Irrigation - Measurement errors - Open channel flow - Solar energy - Water levels Uncontrolled terms:Automatic metering sluice - Control and management - Control software package - Dynamic waters - Movement reliability - Networking technology - Remote communication - Wireless control Classification code:446.1 Water Supply Systems - 454.1 Environmental Engineering, General - 525.2 Energy Conservation - 614.2 Steam Power Plant Equipment and Operation - 615.2 Solar Power - 631.1 Fluid Flow, General - 821.3 Agricultural Methods - 922 Statistical Methods DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2014.08.027 Database:Compendex 28. Accession number: 201437063736 Title:Optimization of combined fermentation starter of milk dried residue in pastoral areas by response surface methodology Authors:Wen, Pengcheng1 ; Wang, Jun1 ; Ren, Fazheng2 ; Han, Ling1 ; Wang, Linlin1 ; Ji, Yinli3 Author affiliation:1 College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China 2 College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China 3 Gansu Hualing Bio-Technical Research Center, Lanzhou, China Corresponding author:Han, Ling Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume:45 Issue:8 Issue date:August 25, 2014 Publication year:2014 Pages:241-247 Language:Chinese ISSN:10001298 CODEN:NUYCA3 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery Abstract:Skimmed yak milk was selected for this research and the titratable acidity at 3.5 h as the test indicator. Box-Behnken central composite experiment was designed based on optimal combination of fermentation starters to research the effect of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp bulgaricus (MGD1-3), Streptococcus thermophilus (MGB39-5), Streptococcus thermophilus (G81-1), and Lactobacillus plantarum (BM5152), which were screened from pastoral areas to the titratable acidity. The result showed that the optimal combination of fermentation starters was MGD1-3 3.06%, MGB39-5 0.64%, G81-1 0.55%, and BM5152 2.04% and the titratable acidity was 75.87°T. In order to facilitate the practical operation, the proportion of MGD1-3MGB39-5G81-1BM5152=306520 and 6.0% of inoculum size based on volume fraction were selected. Under these conditions, the average titratable acidity was 74.21°T of three parallel trials. Compared with the sensory and physical and chemical indicators of milk dried residue came from optimized combination of fermentation starters and pastoral areas, the result showed that the optimized combination of fermentation starters was reliable. Number of references:25 Main heading:Food processing Controlled terms:Fermentation - Lactic acid - Soil conditioners - Starters - Surface properties Uncontrolled terms:Lactic acid bacteria - Lactobacillus delbrueckii - Lactobacillus plantarum - Milk dried residue - Response surface designs - Response surface methodology - Streptococcus thermophilus - Titratable acidity Classification code:483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 617 Turbines and Steam Turbines - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 822.2 Food Processing Operations - 822.3 Food Products - 951 Materials Science DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2014.08.039 Database:Compendex 29. Accession number: 201437063717 Title:Development of a deposit sensing system for aerial spraying application Authors:Zhang, Ruirui1, 2 ; Chen, Liping2 ; Lan, Yubin3 ; Xu, Gang2 ; Kan, Jie4 ; Zhang, Dongyan2 Author affiliation:1 College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China 2 Beijing Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture, Beijing, China 3 Sino-US Agricultural Aviation Cooperative Technology Center, USDA ARS, College Station, TX, United States 4 College of Information Engineering, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China Corresponding author:Chen, Liping Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume:45 Issue:8 Issue date:August 25, 2014 Publication year:2014 Pages:123-127 Language:Chinese ISSN:10001298 CODEN:NUYCA3 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery Abstract:Deposit distribution pattern is an important index in aerial applications. A sensor with variable dielectric capacitor and network system is developed to measure the deposit volume near real-timely in aerial spraying application. The linear regression equations of output voltage and deposit volume with electric conductivity 487 μS/cm and 25 mS/cm are built by experiment with linear correlation coefficients of 0.9923 and 0.9544, respectively. The system is field tested in a spraying operation using aircraft M-18B and with nozzles AU-5000. The test result indicates that comparing with measurement method of water sensitive paper imagine analysis, the fitting degree of distribution pattern curve is 0.9146 and the relative measurement errors of deposit volume are in 10%~50%. Number of references:18 Main heading:Deposits Controlled terms:Curve fitting - Sensor networks - Spray nozzles Uncontrolled terms:Capacity sensors - Dielectric capacitors - Distribution patterns - Linear correlation coefficient - Linear regression equation - Measurement methods - Relative measurement - Water sensitive paper Classification code:532 Metallurgical Furnaces - 612 Engines - 617 Turbines and Steam Turbines - 631.1 Fluid Flow, General - 732 Control Devices - 921.6 Numerical Methods DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2014.08.020 Database:Compendex 30. Accession number: 201437063726 Title:Catalytic performance of carbide slag modified by acetic acid in transesterification Authors:Liu, Mengqi1 ; Niu, Shengli1, 2 ; Lu, Chunmei1, 2 ; Li, Hui1 ; Huo, Mengjia1 Author affiliation:1 School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Ji'nan, China 2 National Engineering Laboratory for Coal-Burning Pollutants Emission Reduction, Shandong University, Ji'nan, China Corresponding author:Niu, Shengli Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume:45 Issue:8 Issue date:August 25, 2014 Publication year:2014 Pages:184-189 Language:Chinese ISSN:10001298 CODEN:NUYCA3 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery Abstract:The catalytic performance of the carbide slag modified by acetic acid in transesterification was investigated from aspects of molar ratio of methanol to oil, catalyst mass concentration, and reaction temperature and time. Meanwhile, the catalyst was characterized by thermogravimetric analyzer, X-ray diffractometer, N2 adsorption apparatus and Hammett indicator. The length of carbon atoms in peanut oil fatty acids was mainly for 16 to 18. The main component of the carbide slag modified by acetic acid was (CH3COO)2Ca·0.5H2O. And after calcined at 800, the catalyst mainly consisted of calcium oxide, with the surface area of 19.07 m2/g and the pore volume of 0.081 4 cm3/g. The catalytic performance of carbide slag modified by acetic acid was better than that of carbide slag under the same conditions. The 96.79% of glycerol yield could be reached under the preferred condition of 15 molar ratio of methanol to oil, 4% catalyst mass concentration, 59 reaction temperature, and 2 h reaction time. After reused five times, the glycerol yield still remained above 92.90% under the preferred conditions. Number of references:20 Main heading:Carbides Controlled terms:Acetic acid - Calcium - Catalysts - Glycerol - Methanol - Oil shale - pH - Slags - Transesterification Uncontrolled terms:Carbide slag - Catalytic performance - Heterogeneous base catalyst - Mass concentration - Reaction temperature - Surface area - Thermogravimetric analyzers - X ray diffractometers Classification code:406 Highway Engineering - 412 Concrete - 413 Insulating Materials - 512.1 Petroleum Deposits - 549.2 Alkaline Earth Metals - 801.1 Chemistry, General - 803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 804 Chemical Products Generally DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2014.08.029 Database:Compendex 31. Accession number: 201437063700 Title:Combustion cyclic variations of common-rail diesel engine fueled with DMC/diesel blend Authors:Mei, Deqing1 ; Ren, Hua1 ; Jiang, Shiyang1 ; Roland, Baar2 Author affiliation:1 School of Automobile and Traffic Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China 2 Department of Mechanical Engineering and Transport Systems, Technical University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany Corresponding author:Mei, Deqing Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume:45 Issue:8 Issue date:August 25, 2014 Publication year:2014 Pages:14-18 and 65 Language:Chinese ISSN:10001298 CODEN:NUYCA3 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery Abstract:The combustion cyclic variations of DMC/diesel burned in a common-rail engine under different conditions are studied, and the influences of COHR and EGR on combustion cyclic variations are also carried out. Results show that the combustion cyclic variations of different fuels burned in the common-rail engine are relatively small. The combustion cyclic variations of D10 are greater than that of diesel. The combustion cyclic variations at high load are relatively low. With the increase of COHR, the cyclic variations coefficient of pmi are not obvious, while the characteristic parameter for pmax grows slightly and that for θd grows obviously. The rise of EGR rate could cause the slow increase of cyclic variation coefficients of D10 fuel, while that for diesel is relatively smooth. The high mean indicated effective pressure corresponds to short flame developing period. Number of references:18 Main heading:Combustion Controlled terms:Diesel engines Uncontrolled terms:Common rail - Common-rail engines - Cyclic variations - Dimethyl carbonate - Effective pressure - High load Classification code:521.1 Fuel Combustion - 612.2 Diesel Engines DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2014.08.003 Database:Compendex 32. Accession number: 201437063727 Title:Study on two-step fast pyrolysis of bagasse Authors:Zhang, Junjiao1 ; Ye, Xiaoning1 ; Zhang, Runhe1 ; Lu, Qiang1 ; Wang, Tipeng1 ; Dong, Changqing1 Author affiliation:1 National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Power Generation Equipment, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, China Corresponding author:Lu, Qiang Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume:45 Issue:8 Issue date:August 25, 2014 Publication year:2014 Pages:190-196 Language:Chinese ISSN:10001298 CODEN:NUYCA3 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery Abstract:Analytical Py-GC/MS (pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry) instrument was used for two-step fast pyrolysis of bagasse, to investigate the product distribution from the first-step fast pyrolysis of bagasse, as well as the effects of the first-step pyrolysis temperatures on the product distribution of the second-step fast pyrolysis process. The results indicated that the first-step fast pyrolysis of bagasse with low-temperature would obtain abundant 4-vinyl phenol (4-VP). The highest 4-VP selectivity was obtained at 250 with the 4-VP peak area percentage as high as 48.11%, and the maximal 4-VP yield was obtained at 300. The first-step pyrolysis temperature affected the second-step pyrolytic products significantly. As the increasing of the first-step pyrolysis temperature, the content of the levoglucosan (LG) in the second-step pyrolytic products increased remarkably, while the contents of most other products decreased significantly. According to the product composition, the bio-oil obtained from the second-step fast pyrolysis of the solid residues from the first-step fast pyrolysis at 300, had better fuel properties than those of the bio-oil obtained from direct fast pyrolysis of bagasse at 500. Therefore, the two-step bagasse fast pyrolysis technique was determined, i. e., the first-step fast pyrolysis at 300 to produce 4-VP and second-step fast pyrolysis at 500 to produce high-grade bio-oil. Number of references:23 Main heading:Pyrolysis Controlled terms:Bagasse - Biofuels - Chemical analysis - Phenols Uncontrolled terms:Analytical py-gc/ms - Bio oil - Fast pyrolysis - Fast pyrolysis process - Product composition - Product distributions - Pyrolysis temperature - Pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry Classification code:523 Liquid Fuels - 524 Solid Fuels - 801 Chemistry - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 811 Cellulose, Paper and Wood Products DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2014.08.030 Database:Compendex 33. Accession number: 201437063705 Title:Current situation and prospect of transplanter Authors:Yu, Xiaoxu1 ; Zhao, Yun1, 2 ; Chen, Baocheng1 ; Zhou, Maile1 ; Zhang, Hao1 ; Zhang, Zhichao1 Author affiliation:1 School of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China 2 Heilongjiang Province Grain Production Capacity of Collaborative Innovation Center, Harbin, China Corresponding author:Zhao, Yun Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume:45 Issue:8 Issue date:August 25, 2014 Publication year:2014 Pages:44-53 Language:Chinese ISSN:10001298 CODEN:NUYCA3 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery Abstract:This paper describes the significance of transplanting agronomy for the development of China agriculture, and points out that the transplanting machine, especially the potted-seedling transplanting machine, will be the one to substantially increase the per unit area yield of grain and play the positive role of transplanting for increasing grain production in North China Cold Area and promoting farmers to get rich. After reviewing the history of transplanting equipments in the world, it is indicated that the development of transplanting machinery is generally divided from low to high into three stages, the slide-mechanism stage, bar-mechanism stage, and rotary-mechanism stage. This paper analyzes the development status and research level of the transplanting machinery at home and abroad, and forecasts the prospects of development trend. It is emphasized that in order to enter the rotary-mechanism stage of the potted-seedling transplanting machinery, the researchers must master the mechanism and related theories, computer knowledge and the operation, and secondary development skills of commercial software. The paper also puts forward a series of proposals on some current domestic important development trend. Number of references:24 Main heading:Mechanisms Controlled terms:Agricultural machinery - Agriculture - Grain (agricultural product) Uncontrolled terms:Commercial software - Computer knowledge - Development - Development trends - Secondary development - Status - Transplanting machine - Ttransplanting Classification code:601.3 Mechanisms - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2014.08.008 Database:Compendex 34. Accession number: 201437063720 Title:Spatial characteristics of soil organic matter and total nitrogen in cultivated land of Weibei Tableland area Authors:Zhao, Yeting1 ; Chang, Qingrui1 ; Li, Zhipeng1 ; Liu, Jiaqi1 Author affiliation:1 College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shaanxi, China Corresponding author:Chang, Qingrui Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume:45 Issue:8 Issue date:August 25, 2014 Publication year:2014 Pages:140-148 Language:Chinese ISSN:10001298 CODEN:NUYCA3 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery Abstract:With the aim to provide scientific and guidance for the sustainable development of Weibei Tableland cultivated land, a study was conducted to explore the application of Cokriging with OM as auxiliary variable in the regional spatial estimation of topsoil TN content and carbon to nitrogen ratio (C/N) applying traditional statistics, geostatistics combining with GIS technology. The spatial variability and influencing factors of topsoil OM and TN was researched and the spatial pattern of their contents and topsoil C/N was further analyzed based on the data of the Cultivated Land Productivity Investigation and Quality Evaluation Project of Pucheng County in 2011.The results showed that the current average content of topsoil OM was 13.58 g/kg, TN was 0.81 g/kg and C/N was 9.84, and all of them were in relatively low level. Spatially, topsoil OM and TN contents generally increased from north to south along with geomorphologic types while topsoil C/N was high in north and south and low in the middle. Both OM and TN showed spatial cluster at 0.01 significance level and demonstrated moderate spatial correlation. The spatial variability was influenced by both natural factors such as topography and geomorphology, soil types and human factors including fertilization, cropping system, irrigation and so on, and the geographical guide of human activity was playing more and more important roles. With the same sampling numbers (n=554), compared with ordinary Kriging, Cokriging with OM as subsidiary variable was more suitable for spatial interpolation of TN and could provide more local variation information, but was unavailable for the raster ratio calculation to obtain soil C/N map. Number of references:23 Main heading:Soils Controlled terms:Biogeochemistry - Biological materials - Carbon - Geographic information systems - Geomorphology - Interpolation - Land use - Nitrogen - Organic compounds Uncontrolled terms:Carbon-to-nitrogen ratio - Significance levels - Soil organic matters - Spatial characteristics - Spatial correlations - Spatial interpolation - Spatial variability - Total nitrogen Classification code:403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 461.2 Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 481.1.1 Geomorphology - 481.2 Geochemistry - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 723.3 Database Systems - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 921.6 Numerical Methods DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2014.08.023 Database:Compendex 35. Accession number: 201437063721 Title:Soil salt dynamics in cotton fields with mulched drip irrigation under the existing irrigation system in Xinjiang Authors:Wang, Zhenhua1, 2 ; Yang, Peiling1 ; Zheng, Xurong2 ; He, Xinlin2 ; Zhang, Jinzhu2 ; Li, Wenhao2 Author affiliation:1 College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China 2 College of Water and Architectural Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China Corresponding author:Yang, Peiling Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume:45 Issue:8 Issue date:August 25, 2014 Publication year:2014 Pages:149-159 Language:Chinese ISSN:10001298 CODEN:NUYCA3 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery Abstract:With the application of mulched drip irrigation, soil salt distribution and variation features in agricultural fields are catching attentions year by year. In the 121 Regiment of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps (XPCC), Shihezi City, Xinjiang which is a typical area with mulched drip irrigation, soil salts in cotton fields were monitored for 4 consecutive years. The results showed that soil salts were continuously transferred away from the irrigation lines by the irrigation water. Horizontally, the salts gradually accumulated towards the bare soil between films, while vertically, they moved gradually towards deeper layers. Soil salt distribution in soil profiles changed from a wineglass shape (which was typical in wasteland and narrows down towards deeper soil layers) to a uniform vertical line with longer history of mulched drip irrigation. And this change was relatively pronounced from the 2nd to the 4th year of irrigation. After 4 years of irrigation, the soil at 140 cm below surface began to be desalinized and after 5 years of irrigation soil salt content was at a point that crops could tolerate. Soil salt content decrease was mainly affected by the local irrigation regime. Irrigation, especially large amounts of irrigation, changed the natural distribution features of salts. With periodic irrigation, soil salt content during crop growth period was relatively low and total soil salt content displayed decreasing trends. Soil salt content decreased mainly at the seeding stage and the late blossing and boll-forming stages. Soil salt content in the 0~300 cm layer also decreased gradually with longer history of drip irrigation. After about 10 years of irrigation, soil salt distributed in a modified form of a plumb line. For current drip irrigation regime, it was suggested that the irrigation amount for the blossing and boll-forming stages should be properly decreased to about 618 mm in fields with an irrigation history of over 5 years. However, a relatively large amount of irrigation water should be maintained for the seedling stage. Number of references:20 Main heading:Irrigation Controlled terms:Cotton - Crops - Forestry - Salts - Soils - Water Uncontrolled terms:Drip irrigation under mulches - Irrigation schedule - Long term monitoring - Soil salts - Xinjing cotton area Classification code:444 Water Resources - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2014.08.024 Database:Compendex 36. Accession number: 201437063723 Title:Estimation of regional water product function for winter wheat using remote sensing and GIS Authors:Peng, Zhigong1 ; Liu, Yu1 ; Xu, Di1 ; Wang, Lei1 ; Lei, Bo1 ; Du, Lijuan1 Author affiliation:1 State Key Laboratory of Simulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing, China Corresponding author:Liu, Yu Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume:45 Issue:8 Issue date:August 25, 2014 Publication year:2014 Pages:167-171 Language:Chinese ISSN:10001298 CODEN:NUYCA3 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery Abstract:The model of crop water product function can be used as the foundation in rational allocation of agricultural water resources, optimal irrigation schedule and quota management of agricultural irrigation water. In order to get the reasonable model and parameters of crop water product function for study area, the comparison was made among several models of the crop water product functions based on the data of remote sensing ET and yield for winter wheat. Here, four models of the crop water product functions for the whole growth period were selected such as linear model, parabola model, D-K model, and exponential model. At the same time, five models of the crop water product functions for different growing stage were selected such as Jensen, Minhas, Blank, Stewart, and Singh model. The results showed that the parabola model was recommended for the model of the crop water product functions for the whole growth period. The Stewart model was recommended for the model of the crop water product functions for different growth stages. The most sensitive stage to water-stress was heading stage, followed by flowering to mature stage, and the least by the seeding emergence to jointing stage. Therefore, in order to save water and increase water use efficiency, water demand in heading stage should be top-priority, while water demand in the seeding emergence to jointing stage should be decreased. Number of references:18 Main heading:Crops Controlled terms:Irrigation - Rational functions - Remote sensing - Water resources - Water supply Uncontrolled terms:Agricultural irrigation water - Different growth stages - Irrigation schedule - Remote sensing and GIS - Water products - Water use efficiency - Winter wheat - Yield Classification code:444 Water Resources - 446.1 Water Supply Systems - 731.1 Control Systems - 821.3 Agricultural Methods - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 921 Mathematics DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2014.08.026 Database:Compendex 37. Accession number: 201437063704 Title:Real-time identification and picking point localization of disturbance citrus picking Authors:Xiong, Juntao1 ; Zou, Xiangjun2 ; Peng, Hongxing1 ; Chen, Wenguang1 ; Lin, Guichao2 Author affiliation:1 College of Informatics, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China 2 Key Lab. of Key Technology on Agricultural Machine and Equipment, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China Corresponding author:Zou, Xiangjun Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume:45 Issue:8 Issue date:August 25, 2014 Publication year:2014 Pages:38-43 Language:Chinese ISSN:10001298 CODEN:NUYCA3 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery Abstract:The visual identification technology of mature citrus fruits in the condition of disturbance had been studied. Firstly, analyzing disturbed citrus in ANSYS, so as to confirm the law of motion was the simple pendulum movement. Secondly, processing video image of the disturbed citrus, by using the improved K-means clustering method combined with Hough circle transform method to segment fruits. According to the image segmentation result, fitting the binary citrus image using Hough line method. With constraint of straight slope between -0.45~0.45, disturbed citrus' picking positions were determined ultimately. Test results show that this method could identify the disturbed citrus effectively in the natural environment, and the recognition rate of picking position was 85%, with processing time within 7.58 s to 9.24 s. The study provides the theoretical foundation and technical support for the visual localization of disturbed fruits. Number of references:15 Main heading:Citrus fruits Controlled terms:Image segmentation - Video signal processing Uncontrolled terms:Citrus - Disturbance - Dynamics analysis - Picking manipulators - Picking point - Visual identification Classification code:716.4 Television Systems and Equipment - 741.1 Light/Optics - 821.4 Agricultural Products DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2014.08.007 Database:Compendex 38. Accession number: 201437063719 Title:Simulation of soil cutting process by plane blade based on SPH method Authors:Lu, Caiyun1 ; He, Jin1 ; Li, Hongwen1 ; Wang, Qingjie1 ; Zheng, Zhiqi1 ; Zhang, Xiangcai1 Author affiliation:1 Beijing Key Laboratory of Optimized Design for Modern Agricultural Equipment, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China Corresponding author:He, Jin Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume:45 Issue:8 Issue date:August 25, 2014 Publication year:2014 Pages:134-139 Language:Chinese ISSN:10001298 CODEN:NUYCA3 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery Abstract:This paper numerically simulated the soil cutting process of plane blade, one of the important components in no-till working implement, by ANSYS/LS_DYNA, with soil of conservation tillage in one year two crops area of North China. By theoretical analysis and test, the viability of SPH method on simulating the soil cutting process of plane blade was verified. By using MAT147 soil material model, SPH method and nodes-surface eroding contact, the finite element analysis on the soil cutting process of plane blade was implemented by ANSYS/LS_DYNA. Simulation result showed that SPH method could visually simulate the soil cutting process. The maximum Von Mises stress was 5.851 MPa and focused on the soil touching with plane blade. The Von Mises stress of soil had small fluctuation, so that the cutting was stable. The power consumption was approximately 10.2 kW at steady state, and the simulation error was not more than 0.05.It was proved that SPH method was viable, and finite element simulation could obtain parameters easily, such as scatter feature, force and power consumption, and reduce experimental cost and time. It provided a scientific basis for design optimization of conservation tillage anti-blocking implements. Number of references:14 Main heading:Soils Controlled terms:Computer simulation - Cutting tools - Finite element method - Soil conservation Uncontrolled terms:Conservation tillage - Design optimization - Finite element simulations - Plane blade - Simulation error - Small fluctuation - Soil cuttings - SPH methods Classification code:483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 605 Small Tools and Hardware - 723.5 Computer Applications - 921.6 Numerical Methods DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2014.08.022 Database:Compendex 39. Accession number: 201437063713 Title:Design and experiment of virtual prototype of double disc mower cutter Authors:Zhao, Manquan1 ; Zhang, Ning1 ; Yang, Tiejun2 ; Shi, Yanhua3 Author affiliation:1 College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China 2 Hohhot Branch, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Sciences, Hohhot, China 3 College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China Corresponding author:Zhao, Manquan Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume:45 Issue:8 Issue date:August 25, 2014 Publication year:2014 Pages:101-105 Language:Chinese ISSN:10001298 CODEN:NUYCA3 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery Abstract:Using parametric design of SolidWorks, three-dimensional solid models of all parts of 9YG-130 double disc mower cutter were built, and the design of virtual prototype was completed by constraint assemble. Introducing the models to the dynamic analysis software ADAMS, the motion simulation was performed, and the trajectory of the cutter vertex was obtained when setting the forward speed of the cutter with 2.78 m/s, and rotation speed with 2 000 r/min. The virtual orthogonal experiment with three levels and four factors was conducted, and Design-Expect 8.0 software was used to complete analysis of variance. The results showed that the repeat cut ratio of the cutter was effectively reduced when the four factors were vg=57.01 m/s, vj=2.76 m/s, h=34.06 mm, and m=3. The actual prototype experiment results showed that the experiment design met the mower requirements for grass industry technology, and improved efficiency and accuracy of the design. Number of references:12 Main heading:Design Controlled terms:Computer simulation - Computer software - Experiments Uncontrolled terms:Cutting units - Motion simulations - Orthogonal experiment - Orthogonal test - Performance tests - Prototype experiment - Three-dimensional solids - Virtual prototyping Classification code:408 Structural Design - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 723.5 Computer Applications - 901.3 Engineering Research DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2014.08.016 Database:Compendex 40. Accession number: 201437063741 Title:Detecting system of citrus canopy LAI based on wide-angle photographing technology Authors:Wu, Weibin1 ; Feng, Zhuofeng2 ; Hong, Tiansheng3 ; Zhang, Lijun2 ; Du, Junyi2 ; Huang, Shuangping2 Author affiliation:1 Key Laboratory of Key Technology on Agricultural Machine and Equipment, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China 2 College of Engineering, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China 3 Division of Citrus Machinery, China Agriculture Research System, Guangzhou, China Corresponding author:Hong, Tiansheng Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume:45 Issue:8 Issue date:August 25, 2014 Publication year:2014 Pages:276-281 Language:Chinese ISSN:10001298 CODEN:NUYCA3 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery Abstract:An innovative way was proposed to detect citrus canopy LAI fast and easily based on wide-angle photographing technology. The citrus canopy images obtained by wide-angle lens were first sent into computer. And then the images were grayed, enhanced, filtered and binarized. The system calculated the citrus canopy gap fraction and derived LAI. The citrus canopy LAI detected by scanning method was taken as true value in the whole experiment. The Canadian WinSCANOPY was used in comparison with the system in detecting effect. The result of data collection experiment showed that the variation range of relative error was -30.39%~43.53% and the average of absolute relative error was 18.90% by the Canadian WinSCANOPY. The variation range of relative error was -27.26%~37.06% and the average of absolute relative error was 19.91% by the system based on same test condition. This system meets test requirements of citrus canopy LAI detecting. Number of references:18 Main heading:Experiments Controlled terms:Image processing Uncontrolled terms:Citrus - Data collection - Detecting systems - Leaf Area Index - Measurement system - Relative errors - Scanning methods - Test requirements Classification code:741 Light, Optics and Optical Devices - 901.3 Engineering Research DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2014.08.044 Database:Compendex 41. Accession number: 201437063732 Title:Thermal conductivity model of incomplete fractal porous media Authors:Zhang, Sai1 ; Chen, Junruo1 ; Liu, Meihong1 ; Liu, Xianxi1 Author affiliation:1 Faculty of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China Corresponding author:Chen, Junruo Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume:45 Issue:8 Issue date:August 25, 2014 Publication year:2014 Pages:220-224 Language:Chinese ISSN:10001298 CODEN:NUYCA3 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery Abstract:The porous media was divided into the fractal aggregation and the non fractal solid phase and pore phase, and a simplified cell model was made to show the microstructure. Porosity, areal fractal dimension, tortuosity fractal dimension, tortuosity, solid phase area and pore phase area of incomplete fractal porous were exhibited. The effective thermal conductivity was built combined with thermal energy and Fourier's law of heat conduction during drying, thermal energy including the heat which required for solid phase during the drying and the heat coming from the circulating hot air. The model was not based on empirical formulas and assumed thermal resistance, and each symbol had definite physical meaning. The result showed that effective thermal conductivity had a negative correlation with the tortuosity fractal dimension, porosity, areal fractal dimension and hot air temperature, while it has a positive correlation with the hot air rate and time. Number of references:13 Main heading:Thermal conductivity Controlled terms:Fractal dimension - Porosity - Porous materials - Thermal energy Uncontrolled terms:Effective thermal conductivity - Fractal aggregation - Fractal porous media - Hot air temperature - Negative correlation - Positive correlations - Thermal conductivity model - Tortuosity fractal dimensions Classification code:452 Municipal and Industrial Wastes; Waste Treatment and Disposal - 472 Ocean Engineering - 615 Thermoelectric, Magnetohydrodynamic and Other Power Generators - 702 Electric Batteries and Fuel Cells - 921 Mathematics - 931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids - 951 Materials Science DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2014.08.035 Database:Compendex 42. Accession number: 201437063710 Title:Performance experiment on cyclone separating device based on off-centered inlet scoop Authors:Zhou, Xuejian1 ; Yuan, Huajie1 ; Yan, Weihong2 ; Shi, Qingxiang1 ; Ma, Meng1 ; Li, Yuhang1 Author affiliation:1 College of Agricultural Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China 2 China SINOMACH Heavy Industry Corporation, Beijing, China Corresponding author:Zhou, Xuejian Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume:45 Issue:8 Issue date:August 25, 2014 Publication year:2014 Pages:80-85 and 159 Language:Chinese ISSN:10001298 CODEN:NUYCA3 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery Abstract:Taking rice as the experiment subject, and making scoop offsetting from feed inlet to ensure the quality of cleaning, the influence of the rotation angle and offset distance of the off-centered inlet scoop on the performance of cyclone separating device was studied. Based on the result of this study, the orthogonal test and regression test were also carried out. Through the performance test on cyclone separating device, the following conclusions were obtained. When the diameter of the cyclone separating tube was Φ=350 mm, the rotation angle of off-centered inlet scoop was δ=150°, the offset distance of inlet scoop was d=35 mm, and the rotation speed of fan was Nf=1200 r/min, the cleaning effect was as well favorable, and the cleaning rate was Yq≥99% and the loss rate was Ys≤0.1%. Through the orthogonal test and regression test, the best structural parameters and motion parameters of the cyclone separating device were obtained as following: diameter of the grain export Φ=160 mm, rotation speed of the fan Nf=1157 r/min, rotation speed of the winnower Ny=1065 r/min, cleaning rate Yq=99%, and loss rate Ys=0.06%. Number of references:17 Main heading:Cleaning Controlled terms:Experiments - Harvesters Uncontrolled terms:Cleaning devices - Combine harvesters - Influence law - Motion parameters - Off-centered inlet scoop - Performance experiment - Performance tests - Structural parameter Classification code:802.3 Chemical Operations - 821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment - 901.3 Engineering Research DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2014.08.013 Database:Compendex 43. Accession number: 201437063701 Title:Performance of regenerative organic rankine cycle over whole operating range of diesel engine Authors:Zhang, Hongguang1 ; Zhang, Jian1 ; Yang, Kai1 ; Zhao, Guangyao1 ; Liu, Hao1 ; Yao, Baofeng1 Author affiliation:1 College of Environmental and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China Corresponding author:Zhang, Hongguang Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume:45 Issue:8 Issue date:August 25, 2014 Publication year:2014 Pages:19-26 Language:Chinese ISSN:10001298 CODEN:NUYCA3 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery Abstract:A regenerative organic Rankine cycle (RORC) system is designed to recover the exhaust heat of diesel engine. The organic working fluids under investigation are the pure fluid R245fa and the zeotropic mixture Mix (isopentane and R245fa mixed in 7/3 mole fraction). The influence of intermediate pressure (pressures at which the steam is extracted from the expander) on the performance parameters of the RORC system, such as the net power output, the thermal efficiency, and the mass flow rate of the working fluid, are analyzed, and on the basis of the analysis results, the intermediate pressure is set to 1.15 MPa for the RORC system using Mix and 1.2 MPa for the RORC system using R245fa. Then the performance of the RORC system using the two different working fluids is analyzed over the whole operating range of the diesel engine, respectively. The calculation results show that Mix is the better selection for the RORC system than R245fa. Number of references:20 Main heading:Diesel engines Controlled terms:Fluids - Mixtures - Rankine cycle - Waste heat utilization Uncontrolled terms:Calculation results - Intermediate pressures - Operating ranges - Organic Rankine cycles - Organic working fluid - Performance parameters - Regeneration - Zeotropic mixture Classification code:525.3 Energy Utilization - 612.2 Diesel Engines - 631 Fluid Flow - 641.1 Thermodynamics - 802.3 Chemical Operations DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2014.08.004 Database:Compendex 44. Accession number: 201437063742 Title:Simulation of plant leaf color based on relative content of chlorophyll Authors:Miao, Teng1 ; Zhao, Chunjiang1 ; Guo, Xinyu1 ; Lu, Shenglian1 ; Wen, Weiliang1 Author affiliation:1 Beijing Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing, China Corresponding author:Zhao, Chunjiang Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume:45 Issue:8 Issue date:August 25, 2014 Publication year:2014 Pages:282-287 Language:Chinese ISSN:10001298 CODEN:NUYCA3 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery Abstract:A method to simulate the leaf color based on SPAD data was presented. Firstly, the color data in different physiological ages of green dill leaves were tracked and detected using a self-made device for capturing leaf images, which could maintain the stability of the external environment (such as light, camera position). Then, the leaf color attributes were analysed based on the data collected and a function representing the relationship between SPAD and leaf color was constructed to deduce the diffuse reflection formula of the leaf. Finally, a SPAD texture was used to simulate the time-and-space-varying reflectance of leaves aging. The experimental results showed that in the constant environment, the relationship between the SPAD and diffuse color of leaves could be represented by some exponential functions and the R2 was 0.972, 0.968, 0.509 respectively. This showed that there was a correlation between SPAD and leaf diffuse color, and it was reasonable using SPAD value as a driving factor to simulate the leaf aging. Meanwhile, compared with real photo, visual effects of proposed method could show the trend of leaf color aging realistically. Number of references:16 Main heading:Color Controlled terms:Plants (botany) Uncontrolled terms:Color simulations - Content of chlorophyll - Diffuse reflection - Digital plant - External environments - Physiological ages - Plant leaves - SPAD Classification code:461.9 Biology - 741.1 Light/Optics DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2014.08.045 Database:Compendex 45. Accession number: 201437063711 Title:Design and parameters analyses of automatic height profiling device of quadrate-bale baler pickup Authors:Yin, Jianjun1 ; Liu, Danping1 ; Li, Yaoming1 Author affiliation:1 Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology, Ministry of Education, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China Corresponding author:Yin, Jianjun Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume:45 Issue:8 Issue date:August 25, 2014 Publication year:2014 Pages:86-92 Language:Chinese ISSN:10001298 CODEN:NUYCA3 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery Abstract:An automatic height profiling device with spring force-balance is designed to solve the problem of ground profiling in side-lining type of quadrate-bale baler pickup. Based on the analysis of statics and kinematics to the profiling device, the profiling performance is evaluated by the vertical direction force of profiling wheel and the profiling error. The effects of the kinematic parameter (λ) of pickup, the length (L) of the swimming arm and the amplitude (H) of the ground on the profiling performance are analyzed. The appropriate pickup movement parameters and profiling device structure parameters are determined by making a comparative analysis on the profiling error of the end of spring-finger and vertical direction force of profiling wheel. These results show that the profiling device can fulfill the requirements of a wavy terrain which varies between ±8 cm and ±12 cm, when the unit speed (vt) moves from 5 km/h to 7.9 km/h and the length (L) of the swing arm of profiling wheel is 358 mm. The prototype test shows that the profiling device can adapt to wavy field and make the spring-finger of pickup have suitable ground clearance. The profiling error can be controlled between -4 mm and 18 mm. Number of references:12 Main heading:Pickups Controlled terms:Kinematics - Wheels Uncontrolled terms:Baler - Comparative analysis - Device structure parameters - Kinematic parameters - Parameter analysis - Parameters analysis - Profiling device - Vertical direction Classification code:601.2 Machine Components - 752.3.1 Sound Reproduction Equipment - 931.1 Mechanics DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2014.08.014 Database:Compendex 46. Accession number: 201437063749 Title:Fuzzy velocity compensation and μ control strategy of electro-hydraulic position servo control Authors:Sun, Guitao1 ; Shao, Junpeng1 ; Wang, Xiaojing1 Author affiliation:1 College of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin, China Corresponding author:Shao, Junpeng Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume:45 Issue:8 Issue date:August 25, 2014 Publication year:2014 Pages:328-333 Language:Chinese ISSN:10001298 CODEN:NUYCA3 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery Abstract:According to the position overshoot of fast positioning for electro-hydraulic position control system, a composite control strategy combining fuzzy velocity compensation with robust μ control was put forward, considering the influence of variable stiffness on position control system. The working principle of the composite strategy was given and the flow compensation equation was derived, and the velocity compensation without disturbance and the inhibiting of stiffness perturbation were achieved by using the controller combining fuzzy velocity compensation and robust μ controller. The composite strategy was verified by co-simulation of Matlab & AMESim and semi-physical simulation platform respectively, and the results of the simulation and experiment showed that the electro-hydraulic position servo system with robust μ controller could effectively inhibit parameter perturbation. The rapid positioning control was realized after introducing the velocity v compensation control loop, which verified the efficiency of the method presented through simulations. Number of references:13 Main heading:Controllers Controlled terms:Control systems - MATLAB - Stiffness - Velocity Uncontrolled terms:Compensation control - Composite control strategy - Electrohydraulic position servo systems - Flow compensation - Parameter perturbation - Position servo - Semi-physical simulations - Velocity compensation Classification code:421 Strength of Building Materials; Mechanical Properties - 422 Strength of Building Materials; Test Equipment and Methods - 731.1 Control Systems - 732.1 Control Equipment - 921 Mathematics - 931.1 Mechanics - 951 Materials Science DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2014.08.052 Database:Compendex 47. Accession number: 201437063718 Title:Drop size distribution of fixed spray-plate sprinklers with two-dimensional video disdrometer Authors:Gong, Xinghui1 ; Zhu, Delan1, 2 ; Zhang, Lin2, 3 ; Zhang, Yisheng1 ; Ge, Maosheng1 ; Yang, Wen1 Author affiliation:1 College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering of China, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shaanxi, China 2 Institute of Water Saving Agriculture in Arid Areas of China, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shaanxi, China 3 Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shaanxi, China Corresponding author:Zhu, Delan Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume:45 Issue:8 Issue date:August 25, 2014 Publication year:2014 Pages:128-133 and 148 Language:Chinese ISSN:10001298 CODEN:NUYCA3 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery Abstract:A two-dimensional video disdrometer (2DVD) was used to measure drop size, drop velocity and drop angle from Nelson D3000 spray-plate sprinklers with a 4.78 mm nozzle and operating pressure of 50, 100, 150, 200 kPa. The relationship among drop sizes, drop velocity and drop angle were analyzed. Results indicated that the relationship between drop diameter and distances along the sprinkler met exponential function. The volumetric mean diameter increased with the distance along the sprinkler increased, and at the same location from the sprinkler the average droplet diameter decreased with the increase of working pressure. The relationship between drop velocity and drop diameter met logarithmic function. Drop velocity increased with the drop diameter increased, and the effect of operating pressure on the relationship between drop diameter and velocity was not obvious. Drop angle decreased with the increase of drop diameter. When drop diameter was smaller than 1.0mm and operating pressure was at 50, 100, 150, 200 kPa, 90.46%, 84.46%, 89.91% and 89.15% of the droplets descended perpendicularly to the ground, respectively. The rest of the droplets descended to the ground with angle between 30°~89°. When drop diameter was between 1.0 mm and 2.25 mm, the drop angle decreased rapidly with the drop diameter increased. And when drop diameter was greater than 2.25 mm, the decrease trend became slower. The relationship between drop angle and drop diameter met a good linear function, and the effect of operating pressure on the relationship between drop angle and diameter was not obvious. Number of references:20 Main heading:Drops Controlled terms:Hose - Pressure effects - Spray nozzles - Velocity Uncontrolled terms:Drop angles - Drop size - Drop velocity - Sprinkler - Video disdrometer Classification code:619.1 Pipe, Piping and Pipelines - 631.1 Fluid Flow, General - 931.1 Mechanics DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2014.08.021 Database:Compendex 48. Accession number: 201437063722 Title:Biochemical property and water and nitrogen use efficiency of young arabica coffee tree under water and nitrogen coupling Authors:Liu, Xiaogang1 ; Zhang, Yan1 ; Cheng, Jinhuan2 ; Zhong, Yuan1 ; Yang, Qiliang1 Author affiliation:1 Faculty of Modern Agricultural Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China 2 Tropical and Subtropical Economic Crops Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Baoshan, China Corresponding author:Liu, Xiaogang Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume:45 Issue:8 Issue date:August 25, 2014 Publication year:2014 Pages:160-166 Language:Chinese ISSN:10001298 CODEN:NUYCA3 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery Abstract:The object was to explore precise management mode of water and nitrogen to tropical economic crop of young arabica coffee tree, using four levels of irrigation, WS (75%~85% field capacity), WH (65%~75% field capacity), WM (55%~65% field capacity) and WL (45%~55% field capacity), and four levels of nitrogen, NH (0.60 g/kg), NM (0.40 g/kg), NL(0.20 g/kg) and NZ (0 g/kg). The effect of irrigation and nitrogen on biochemical index and water and nitrogen use of arabica coffee young tree was studied. The result showed that, compared with WL, increasing irrigation amount reduced chlorophyll, carotenoid, malondialdehyde, proline and soluble sugar by 5.8%~15.5%, 6.0%~14.4%, 14.2%~30.3%, 27.6%~60.0% and 22.6%~57.5% respectively, and increased root activity and water use efficiency by 15.8%~63.8% and 21.6%~29.6%, and reduced the average value of soil NO3--N by 21.5%~36.2%. Compared with NZ, increasing nitrogen rate reduced malondialdehyde by 23.8%~49.8%, while increased chlorophyll, carotenoid, proline, soluble sugar, root activity and water use efficiency by 49.0%~88.4%, 21.9%~60.9%, 509%~703%, 20.7%~52.3%, 23.5%~41.8% and 21.6%~53.9% respectively, and increased the average value of soil NO3--N by 2.73~14.44 times. Total N uptake was positively correlated with irrigation amount under NZ and NL treatment, and water use efficiency and total N uptake increased at first and then decreased with irrigation amount under NM and NH treatment. Water use efficiency and total N uptake were quadratic curve relation with nitrogen rate under deferent irrigation treatment. Water use efficiency of NM/WH treatment was the largest, and N apparent recovery fraction and N uptake efficiency were the largest under NM and NH treatment. Thus combination of NM/WH was the efficient use of water and nitrogen of young arabica coffee tree. Number of references:26 Main heading:Nitrogen Controlled terms:Aldehydes - Chlorophyll - Efficiency - Forestry - Irrigation - Pigments - Plants (botany) - Water management Uncontrolled terms:Biochemical indices - Biochemical properties - Efficient use of water - Irrigation amounts - Irrigation treatments - Nitrogen use - Nitrogen-use efficiency - Water use efficiency Classification code:444 Water Resources - 446 Waterworks - 461.9 Biology - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 821.0 Woodlands and Forestry - 821.3 Agricultural Methods - 913.1 Production Engineering DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2014.08.025 Database:Compendex 49. Accession number: 201437063702 Title:Influence of flow velocity and oxygen concentration on aldehyde emissions from ethanol oxidation Authors:Liu, Fangjie1 ; Liu, Shenghua2 ; Wei, Yanju2 ; Xu, Bin1 ; Wu, Jian1 ; Ma, Zhihao1 Author affiliation:1 College of Vehicle and Traffic Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China 2 School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China Corresponding author:Liu, Fangjie Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume:45 Issue:8 Issue date:August 25, 2014 Publication year:2014 Pages:27-32 Language:Chinese ISSN:10001298 CODEN:NUYCA3 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery Abstract:The influence of flow velocity and oxygen concentration on acetaldehyde and formaldehyde emissions from ethanol oxidation was investigated in a flow reactor under the temperature environment of engine exhaust pipe. Unregulated emissions were detected by a gas chromatography with a pulsed discharge helium ionization detector (PDHID). Experimental results showed that ethanol concentration increased with the increase of flow velocity at temperature range of 733~933 K. Ethanol oxidation reaction was inhibited in anaerobic conditions, and oxygen-rich environment was conducive to ethanol oxidation. Acetaldehyde and formaldehyde emissions increased with prolonging the reaction time of ethanol oxidation when the temperature was lower than 833 K, while the opposite trend to acetaldehyde was observed when the temperature was above 833 K, and the influence of flow velocity on acetaldehyde emission was not obvious when the temperature was higher than 933 K. The generation and oxidation reactions of acetaldehyde were inhibited in anaerobic conditions. Below the critical temperature, the oxygen-rich environment was conducive to acetaldehyde and formaldehyde generation. Above the critical temperature, the oxygen-rich environment was conducive to acetaldehyde oxidation. Number of references:17 Main heading:Acetaldehyde Controlled terms:Ethanol - Exhaust systems (engine) - Flow velocity - Formaldehyde - Gas chromatography - Oxygen - Temperature Uncontrolled terms:Critical temperatures - Ethanol concentrations - Ethanol oxidation reaction - Formaldehyde emission - Oxygen concentrations - Oxygen-rich environment - Temperature environments - Unregulated emissions Classification code:612.3 Gas Turbines and Engines - 631 Fluid Flow - 641.1 Thermodynamics - 801 Chemistry - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 804.1 Organic Compounds DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2014.08.005 Database:Compendex 50. Accession number: 201437063747 Title:Design and experiments of rotory magnetorheological damper with three working surfaces Authors:Li, Junqiang1 ; Wang, Juan1 ; Liu, Jinyue1 ; Chen, Guiliang1 Author affiliation:1 School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China Corresponding author:Li, Junqiang Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume:45 Issue:8 Issue date:August 25, 2014 Publication year:2014 Pages:314-320 Language:Chinese ISSN:10001298 CODEN:NUYCA3 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery Abstract:A new structure rotary magnetorheological damper with three working surfaces was designed, which were two end surfaces and one cylindrical surface of the rotor. The area of the working surfaces was increased with the same volume of the rotor. Base on properties of magnetorheological fluid and magnetic core material, the magnetic circuit was designed, and the mechanical and electrical parameters of the damper were calculated. Depending on the characteristics of the magnetorheological damper structure, the finite element model of the magnetorheological damper was built, and the electromagnetic field analysis was performed. Then the magnetic field quantities of the damper model were got. With the results of the magnetic analysis and the constitutive relations, the performance simulation of the damper was conducted. On these bases, the magnetorheological damper and the mechanical performance test system were developed, and the mechanical performance of the damper was investigated using the test system. The damper properties, torque vs rev and yielding torque vs current, were obtained. Number of references:16 Main heading:Experiments Controlled terms:Coremaking - Electromagnetic fields - Finite element method - Magnetic circuits - Magnetorheological fluids Uncontrolled terms:Electromagnetic field analysis - Magnetic circuit design - Magneto-rheological dampers - Mechanical and electrical - Mechanical performance - Performance analysis - Performance simulation - Rotary magnetorheological dampers Classification code:534.2 Foundry Practice - 701 Electricity and Magnetism - 701.2 Magnetism: Basic Concepts and Phenomena - 708.4 Magnetic Materials - 901.3 Engineering Research - 921.6 Numerical Methods DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2014.08.050 Database:Compendex 51. Accession number: 201437063739 Title:Effects of photosynthetic fluorescence parameters and chloroplast ultrastructure of tobacco under molybdenum stress Authors:Wu, Li1 ; Li, Zhanghai2 ; Ye, Wenling1 ; Huang, Yide1 Author affiliation:1 College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China 2 Research Center of Tobacco and Health, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China Corresponding author:Huang, Yide Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume:45 Issue:8 Issue date:August 25, 2014 Publication year:2014 Pages:262-268 Language:Chinese ISSN:10001298 CODEN:NUYCA3 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery Abstract:With the aim to investigate the physiological mechanism of tobacco response to molybdenum stress, the effect of photosynthetic pigment, gas exchange parameters, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and chloroplast ultrastructure of tobacco were studied under molybdenum deficiency stress by the hydroponic experiment. The results showed that, compared with the control group, the photosynthetic pigment contents and net photosynthetic rate of tobacco leaves cultivated about 10 d decreased, while intercellular CO2 concentration, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate increased. And the initial fluorescence and non-photochemical quenching coefficient (NPQ) of PS II increased, while photosynthetic electron transport rate (ETR) and the maximal photochemical efficiency decreased, but the differences between two treatments were not significant. The grana layer of the chloroplast ultrastructure under molybdenum deficiency stress expanded to deformation and loose, the number of amyloid was less and it grew worse. The most indicators between molybdenum deficiency and control tobacco cultivated about 20 d were significant. In addition to Tr, other indexes between molybdenum deficiency and control tobacco cultivated about 30 d were significant, and the chloroplast under the molybdenum deficiency stress was damaged seriously. Therefore, under the molybdenum deficiency stress, the chloroplast ultrastructure grows worse, the activity of PS II is inhibited, and the Pn decreases. With the extension of molybdenum stress time, the deficiency reaction is more obvious. Number of references:24 Main heading:Molybdenum Controlled terms:Carbon dioxide - Fluorescence - Photosynthesis - Physiological models - Plants (botany) - Tobacco Uncontrolled terms:Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters - Chloroplast ultrastructure - Fluorescence parameters - Non-photochemical quenching - Photochemical efficiency - Photosynthetic electron transport - Photosynthetic pigment contents - Physiological mechanisms Classification code:461.1 Biomedical Engineering - 461.9 Biology - 543.3 Molybdenum and Alloys - 741.1 Light/Optics - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 821.4 Agricultural Products DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2014.08.042 Database:Compendex 52. Accession number: 201437063751 Title:Design and experiment of high-pressure bi-directional cycloid rotor flowmeter Authors:Liu, Shuo1 ; Ding, Fan1 ; Ding, Chuan1 ; Man, Zaipeng1 Author affiliation:1 State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power Transmission and Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China Corresponding author:Liu, Shuo Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume:45 Issue:8 Issue date:August 25, 2014 Publication year:2014 Pages:339-346 Language:Chinese ISSN:10001298 CODEN:NUYCA3 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery Abstract:The measurement of the flow rate of various liquids and gases is critical in industrial automation. Positive displacement flowmeters (PDFs) are highly accurate flowmeters that are relatively insensitive to the upstream velocity distribution and fluid viscosity. This paper presents a high-pressure PDF containing a pair of internal cycloid rotors, with the advantages of large displacement, compact structure, high accuracy and small pressure loss. Flow coefficient curve of the prototype fabricated as the part of this research is given, and the reasons influencing the accuracy of the PDF are analysed deeply. In order to further improve the accuracy, the flow coefficient is corrected by linear function. Several experiments were performed to confirm the measurements over a flow range of 1~100 L/min with relative errors of less than 0.3%. Number of references:14 Main heading:Flow measurement Controlled terms:Experiments - Flow rate - Flowmeters - Rotors Uncontrolled terms:Accuracy - Compact structures - Flow coefficients - Industrial automation - Large displacements - Linear functions - Positive displacement - Relative errors Classification code:601.2 Machine Components - 631 Fluid Flow - 631.1 Fluid Flow, General - 901.3 Engineering Research - 943.1 Mechanical Instruments - 943.2 Mechanical Variables Measurements DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2014.08.054 Database:Compendex 53. Accession number: 201437063734 Title:Process and quality of ginger slices microwave-fluidization drying Authors:L, Weiqiao1 ; Wang, Ye2 ; Han, Qinghua2 ; Li, Shujun2 ; Yin, Qing2 ; Ma, Jiwei2 Author affiliation:1 College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China 2 Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Sciences, Beijing, China Corresponding author:Li, Shujun Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume:45 Issue:8 Issue date:August 25, 2014 Publication year:2014 Pages:231-235 Language:Chinese ISSN:10001298 CODEN:NUYCA3 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery Abstract:In different microwave powers, the process and quality of ginger slices microwave-fluidization drying was researched. In the microwave power of 0.7 W/g, which was moderate for the process parameters, the drying time cost 1.83 hours, 6.67 hours less than that in the 75 hot-air drying, and protected the content of vitamin C better. However, the microstructure and rehydration capability changed too much in microwave-fluidization drying, and when the dry basis moisture content was less than 200%, the gingers' sensory quality turned bad quickly. In order to develop the microwave-fluidization drying's relative advantage, controlling the dehydration speed in final stage would be important, which also was the key work to improve the process. Number of references:13 Main heading:Drying Controlled terms:Fluidization - Food additives - Microwave generation - Microwave power transmission Uncontrolled terms:Drying quality - Drying time - Ginger slices - Hot air drying - Microwave power - Process parameters - Sensory qualities - Vitamin C Classification code:706.1.1 Electric Power Transmission - 714.2 Semiconductor Devices and Integrated Circuits - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 804 Chemical Products Generally DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2014.08.037 Database:Compendex 54. Accession number: 201437063735 Title:Structural changes of several digested resistant starches before and after in vitro anaerobic fermentation Authors:Xie, Tao1 ; Zeng, Honghua1 ; Wang, Jie2 ; Yi, Cuiping2 Author affiliation:1 College of Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Engineering, Xiangtan, China 2 College of Chemistry and Biology Science, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, China Corresponding author:Xie, Tao Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume:45 Issue:8 Issue date:August 25, 2014 Publication year:2014 Pages:236-240 Language:Chinese ISSN:10001298 CODEN:NUYCA3 Document type:Journal article (JA) Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery Abstract:Digested resistant starches of mung bean, potato, Castanea henryi and Castanea mollissima were made, and the changes of intestinal flora and their structure before and after in vitro fermentation were studied. The results showed that those digested resistant starches had good proliferative effect on bifidobacterium and lactobacillus, while they had inhibitory impact on Escherichia coli and Clostridium perfringens, and no obious influence on Enterococcus faecalis, Corynebacterium fusifome and facultative bacterial. The increasing total acidities of fermentation liquids demonstrated that the digested resistant starches could be used by intestinal probiotics. In comparison with the digested resistant starches before fermentation, the digested resistant starches after fermentation had more lower average degree of polymerization, but had more greater specific surface areas and densities, which might improve their absorption capacities and play important roles in the other physiological functions. Crystal types of digested resistant starches after fermentation turned into type A, and their microcrystalline degrees reduced. Number of references:15 Main heading:Starch Controlled terms:Anaerobic digestion - Escherichia coli - Fermentation Uncontrolled terms:Anaerobic fermentation - Clostridium perfringens - Enterococcus faecalis - In-vitro - Physiological functions - Proliferative effects - Resistant starch - Structural change Classification code:452.4 Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal - 461.9 Biology - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 804.1 Organic Compounds DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2014.08.038 Database:Compendex
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