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2013年第44卷第1期共收录47篇 1. Accession number: 20131116114804 Title: Design and experiment on dual-mode self-propelled precise feeding equipment for dairy cow Authors: Meng, Hewei1 ; Guo, Yuehu2 ; Gao, Zhenjiang2 ; Kan, Za1 ; Li, Hui2 Author affiliation: 1 College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China 2 College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China Corresponding author: Gao, Z. (zjgao@cau.edu.cn) Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume: 44 Issue: 2 Issue date: February 2013 Publication year: 2013 Pages: 52-56 Language: Chinese ISSN: 10001298 CODEN: NUYCA3 Document type: Journal article (JA) Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China Abstract: Based on the technology of RFID and wireless transmission, a kind of dual-mode self-propelled precise feeding equipment for dairy cow was designed. The computer was used as the information management platform and MCU was used as control platform. Using this equipment, the dual-mode moving, the wireless transmission of individual dairy cow information and accurate feeding was realized. One-month feeding experiment in the dairy cow farm showed that the milk production was increased by 3.0 kg per day, and the average fat content of the milk was 3.1%-3.3%. Number of references: 10 Main heading: Dairies Controlled terms: Equipment - Experiments - Feeding - Information management - Radio frequency identification (RFID) Uncontrolled terms: Control platform - Dairy cow - Dual modes - Fat contents - Feeding equipment - Feeding experiments - Milk production - Wireless transmissions Classification code: 402.1 Industrial and Agricultural Buildings - 691.2 Materials Handling Methods - 731.1 Control Systems - 901 Engineering Profession - 901.3 Engineering Research - 903.2 Information Dissemination DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2013.02.011 Database: Compendex 2. Accession number: 20131116114828 Title: A fast feature selection for cotton foreign fiber objects based on BPSO Authors: Wang, Jinxing1 ; Li, Hengbin1 ; Wang, Rui1 ; Liu, Shuangxi1 ; Cao, Weishi1 ; Yan, Yinfa1 Author affiliation: 1 Mechanical and Electronic Engineering College, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China Corresponding author: Wang, J. (jinxingw@163.com) Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume: 44 Issue: 2 Issue date: February 2013 Publication year: 2013 Pages: 188-191 Language: Chinese ISSN: 10001298 CODEN: NUYCA3 Document type: Journal article (JA) Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China Abstract: A fast feature selection for cotton foreign fiber objects based on binary particle swarm optimization was presented, for the current feature selection of cotton foreign fiber having more iteration times and slow speed. Binary particle swarm optimization (BPSO) was used to select feature in the method, and the support vector machine algorithm was used to verify the optimal feature set. Experimental results showed that the running time could reduce by 26%, when the classification accuracy was almost with other algorithms. Number of references: 18 Main heading: Cotton Controlled terms: Algorithms - Feature extraction - Fibers - Iterative methods - Support vector machines Uncontrolled terms: Binary particle swarm optimization - Classification accuracy - Fast feature selections - Foreign fiber - Iteration time - Objects-based - Optimal feature sets - Running time - Slow speed - Support vector machine algorithm - SVM Classification code: 716 Telecommunication; Radar, Radio and Television - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 812 Ceramics, Refractories and Glass - 817 Plastics and Other Polymers: Products and Applications - 819.1 Natural Fibers - 921.6 Numerical Methods DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2013.02.035 Database: Compendex 3. Accession number: 20131116114800 Title: Parameters optimization on flattening component of combined cultivating implement Authors: Wang, Jinwu1 ; Zhang, Chengliang1 ; Xu, Chunlin2 ; Wang, Jinfeng1 ; Kong, Yanjun1 ; Zhao, Jiale1 Author affiliation: 1 College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China 2 Harbin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150070, China Corresponding author: Wang, J. (jinwuw@163.com) Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume: 44 Issue: 2 Issue date: February 2013 Publication year: 2013 Pages: 34-37 11 Language: Chinese ISSN: 10001298 CODEN: NUYCA3 Document type: Journal article (JA) Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China Abstract: In order to determine the key parameters of the flattening component on combined cultivating implement, the field experiment was conducted by using the flattening device. The three factors and three levels orthogonal regressive tests were designed in the experiment with working velocity, diameter of the field-ditch filling disc, angle of the field-ditch filling disc as influence factors and the soil-breaking rate as response index. The regression mathematics models between response index and influence factors were established and the parameters were optimized through Design-Expert. The optimal combination was that working velocity of 10.63 km/h, diameter of the field-ditch filling disc of 450 mm, angle of the field-ditch filling disc of 17.71°. At that time the soil-breaking rate was 91.92%, which could meet the needs of agricultural demands. Number of references: 13 Main heading: Optimization Controlled terms: Filling Uncontrolled terms: Combined cultivating implement - Design-expert - Field experiment - Flattening component - Key parameters - Mathematics model - Optimal combination - Parameters optimization - Response indices Classification code: 691.2 Materials Handling Methods - 921.5 Optimization Techniques DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2013.02.007 Database: Compendex 4. Accession number: 20131116114827 Title: Weed recognition based on SVM-DS multi-feature fusion Authors: He, Dongjian1 ; Qiao, Yongliang1 ; Li, Pan1 ; Gao, Zhan1 ; Li, Haiyang2 ; Tang, Jinglei2 Author affiliation: 1 College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest A and F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China 2 College of Information Engineering, Northwest A and F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China Corresponding author: He, D. (hdj87091197@yahoo.com.cn) Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume: 44 Issue: 2 Issue date: February 2013 Publication year: 2013 Pages: 182-187 Language: Chinese ISSN: 10001298 CODEN: NUYCA3 Document type: Journal article (JA) Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China Abstract: To address the low accuracy and low stability of a single feature for weed recognition, a multi-feature fusion method based on support vector machine (SVM) and DS (Shafer-Dempster) evidence theory was proposed. Firstly, three types of plant leaf features such as shape, texture and fractal dimension were extracted from the plant leaves after a series of image processing. Then the SVM classification results of each single feature were used as evidences to construct the basic probability assigned (BPA), and the method of DS fusion based on matrix analysis was used for decision fusion. Finally, recognition results were given based on fusion results and classification thresholds. The experimental results showed that the accuracy of multi-feature fusion method was 96.11% which has good performance on accuracy and stability compared with the single feature method in weed recognition. Number of references: 15 Main heading: Support vector machines Controlled terms: Feature extraction - Fractal dimension - Image processing - Plants (botany) Uncontrolled terms: D S evidence theory - Decision fusion - Evidence theories - Matrix analysis - Multi-feature fusion - Plant leaf - Plant leaves - SVM classification - Weed recognition Classification code: 461.9 Biology - 716 Telecommunication; Radar, Radio and Television - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 741 Light, Optics and Optical Devices - 921 Mathematics DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2013.02.034 Database: Compendex 5. Accession number: 20131116114813 Title: Changes of microbial communities in rhizosphere of winter wheat seedlings under low lead content Authors: Jia, Xia1 ; Dong, Suiming1 ; Zhou, Chunjuan1 Author affiliation: 1 College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China Corresponding author: Jia, X. (jiaxianavy@163.com) Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume: 44 Issue: 2 Issue date: February 2013 Publication year: 2013 Pages: 103-108 141 Language: Chinese ISSN: 10001298 CODEN: NUYCA3 Document type: Journal article (JA) Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China Abstract: Pot experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of low lead content (<300 mg/kg dry soil) on winter wheat seedlings rhizosphere microorganisms. Compared to the control, the number of bacterial decreased significantly (p<0.01) by 16.25% at the third week and by 8.62% at the seventh week, and the number of fungi in low lead content decreased significantly (p<0.01) by an average of 34.08%, 39.89% and 17.49% at the third week, seventh week, and twelfth weeks, respectively. The actinomyces amount in low lead content decreased significantly (p<0.01) at the seventh and twelfth weeks. The correlation between the number of fungi and lead content was significant (p<0.01) at the third week and the number of actinomyces, the fungi and the total microbial had significant (p<0.05) correlation to the lead content at the seventh week. In the three growth stages, fungal/bacterial population ratio decreased evidently and the microbial functional diversity changed evidently in low lead content. In conclusion, soil microbial population and community in the rhizosphere of winter wheat seedlings were affected significantly by low lead content. Number of references: 19 Main heading: Soils Controlled terms: Crops - Fungi - Microorganisms - Population statistics Uncontrolled terms: Actinomyces - Dry soil - Growth stages - Lead content - Microbial communities - Microbial functional diversities - Population ratio - Pot experiment - Rhizosphere microorganisms - Rhizosphere soils - Soil microbial population - Winter wheat Classification code: 461.9 Biology - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2013.02.020 Database: Compendex 6. Accession number: 20131116114814 Title: Drought forecasts based on SARIMA models and vegetation temperature condition index Authors: Tian, Miao1 ; Wang, Pengxin1 ; Han, Ping2 ; Zhang, Shuyu3 Author affiliation: 1 College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China 2 College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China 3 Shaanxi Provincial Meteorological Bureau, Xi'an 710015, China Corresponding author: Wang, P. (wangpx@cau.edu.cn) Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume: 44 Issue: 2 Issue date: February 2013 Publication year: 2013 Pages: 109-116 Language: Chinese ISSN: 10001298 CODEN: NUYCA3 Document type: Journal article (JA) Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China Abstract: Based on the time series of drought monitoring results of vegetation temperature condition index (VTCI), the seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average (SARIMA) models were applied to forecast agricultural droughts in the Guanzhong plain of China. The droughts were forecasted from early April to late May, 2009, and there were six step-1 forecasting results, six step-2 forecasting results and six step-3 forecasting results. The results show that the forecasting accuracies of the SARIMA models are gradually decreased with the increase of the forecasting steps. The distributions of absolute errors of the six step-1 forecasting results were basically in unimodal distributions and the errors were mainly in the range from -0.2 to 0.2. The six step-2 absolute errors were in bimodal distributions, and the errors of the step-3 were more scattered and larger. After analysis of drought spatial and temporal distributions in the Guanzhong plain, the droughts have obvious regional characteristics, and the forecasting drought spatial of step-1 and step-2 and temporal distributions are consistently better to the monitoring ones. The step-3 forecasting results have more uncertainties. The SARIMA model can be used for drought forecasting of step-1 and step-2 in the Guanzhong plain. Number of references: 19 Main heading: Drought Controlled terms: Errors - Weather forecasting Uncontrolled terms: Absolute error - Agricultural drought - Bimodal distribution - Drought monitoring - Forecasting accuracy - Guanzhong plain - Regional characteristics - Sarima models - Seasonal autoregressive integrated moving averages - Spatial and temporal distribution - Temporal distribution - Unimodal distribution - Vegetation temperature condition index Classification code: 443 Meteorology - 444 Water Resources - 731 Automatic Control Principles and Applications - 921 Mathematics DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2013.02.021 Database: Compendex 7. Accession number: 20131116114824 Title: Joint control method of speed and heading of navigation tractor based on optimal control Authors: Han, Keli1 ; Zhu, Zhongxiang1 ; Mao, Enrong1 ; Song, Zhenghe1 ; Xie, Bin1 ; Li, Mingsheng1 Author affiliation: 1 College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China Corresponding author: Zhu, Z. (zhuzhonxiang@cau.edu.cn) Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume: 44 Issue: 2 Issue date: February 2013 Publication year: 2013 Pages: 165-170 Language: Chinese ISSN: 10001298 CODEN: NUYCA3 Document type: Journal article (JA) Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China Abstract: The two-parameter optimal control method based on the speed and steering angle was designed with the optimal control theory. The automatic transmission system and the automatic steering system were developed for the automatic navigation tractor on the purpose of improving the work efficiency and the work quality. The straight path tracking controller and the turnrow turning path tracking controller were designed and simulated by the harrowing operation with the Matlab. The field test was carried out to validate the designed controller, and the results indicated that the control accuracy of the lateral deviation and the orientation deviation were less than 0.12 m and 1.1°, respectively. The speed control accuracy was less than 0.2 m/s. Number of references: 14 Main heading: Navigation Controlled terms: Control - Tractors (agricultural) - Tractors (truck) Uncontrolled terms: Automatic navigation - Automatic steering - Automatic transmission - Automatic transmission system - Control accuracy - Field test - Joint control - Lateral deviation - Optimal control methods - Optimal control theory - Optimal controls - Path tracking - Steering angles - Work efficiency - Work quality Classification code: 663.1 Heavy Duty Motor Vehicles - 716.3 Radio Systems and Equipment - 731 Automatic Control Principles and Applications - 732 Control Devices DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2013.02.031 Database: Compendex 8. Accession number: 20131116114829 Title: Amended Delaunay algorithm for single tree factor extraction using 3-D crown modeling Authors: Gong, Yinxi1 ; He, Cheng1 ; Feng, Zhongke1 ; Li, Wenzhao2 ; Yan, Fei1 Author affiliation: 1 College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China 2 College of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE17RU, United Kingdom Corresponding author: Feng, Z. (fengzhongke@126.com) Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume: 44 Issue: 2 Issue date: February 2013 Publication year: 2013 Pages: 192-199 Language: Chinese ISSN: 10001298 CODEN: NUYCA3 Document type: Journal article (JA) Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China Abstract: Crown structure is complex and has huge amount of point cloud data. In order to achieve more accurate and more efficient measurement of crown surface area and volume, the characteristics of existing algorithms were analyzed and an improved triangular mesh surface reconstruction algorithm which is based on spatial division block priority mechanism was proposed for the reconfiguration of the crown surface. A precise and efficient factor extraction method for crown surface area and volume was formed. Crown point cloud data obtained through ground 3-D laser scanning system was used. Through the traditional artificial method, cloud point measurement method, the classics digital elevation model algorithm and the proposed algorithm, the crown surface and volume of the experimental subjects was calculated respectively. The inter comparison of the algorithm results fully meets the calculation accuracy. The time consumption of the proposed algorithm only accounts for 41% of the traditional way and 62% of digital elevation model method, which appears to greatly improve the operation efficiency. Number of references: 18 Main heading: Trees (mathematics) Controlled terms: Algorithms - Digital instruments - Extraction - Forestry - Geomorphology - Surveying - Three dimensional computer graphics Uncontrolled terms: Crown - Delaunay algorithm - Point cloud data - Single tree factor - TLiDAR Classification code: 944 Moisture, Pressure and Temperature, and Radiation Measuring Instruments - 943 Mechanical and Miscellaneous Measuring Instruments - 942 Electric and Electronic Measuring Instruments - 941 Acoustical and Optical Measuring Instruments - 921.4 Combinatorial Mathematics, Includes Graph Theory, Set Theory - 921 Mathematics - 821.0 Woodlands and Forestry - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 481.1.1 Geomorphology - 405.3 Surveying DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2013.02.036 Database: Compendex 9. Accession number: 20131116114799 Title: SD model and simulation of grain crop mechanization production Authors: Li, Jiyue1 ; Chen, Zhi1 ; Yang, Minli1 Author affiliation: 1 China Research Center for Agricultural Mechanization Development, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China Corresponding author: Yang, M. (qyang@cau.edu.cn) Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume: 44 Issue: 2 Issue date: February 2013 Publication year: 2013 Pages: 30-33 21 Language: Chinese ISSN: 10001298 CODEN: NUYCA3 Document type: Journal article (JA) Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China Abstract: The Chinese grain crop mechanization production system structure was analyzed. A causal analysis diagram and flow chart of system dynamics were constructed. The results show that, the proportion of capital investment, land management scale and equipment level were the main factors effect of grain crop mechanization production system. Only by improving grain crop production scale of the degree of specialization and the law of industrial development, the mechanization production efficiency and production capacity would improve. Number of references: 14 Main heading: Computer simulation Controlled terms: Agricultural machinery - Crops - Cultivation - Investments - Mechanization - System theory Uncontrolled terms: Capital investment - Causal analysis - Equipment level - Flow charts - Grain crops - Industrial development - Land managements - Production capacity - Production efficiency - Production system - Sd models - Simulation - System Dynamics - System dynamics model Classification code: 601 Mechanical Design - 723.5 Computer Applications - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 911.2 Industrial Economics - 961 Systems Science DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2013.02.006 Database: Compendex 10. Accession number: 20131116114832 Title: Spatial variability of corn yield at county-scale Authors: He, Yajuan1, 2 ; Pan, Xuebiao1 ; Pei, Zhiyuan2 ; Wang, Lianlin3 ; Ma, Zhiping3 Author affiliation: 1 College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China 2 Chinese Academy of Agricultural Engineering, Beijing 100125, China 3 Development Planning Board of Yutian County, Tangshan 064100, China Corresponding author: Pan, X. (Panxb@cau.edu.cn) Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume: 44 Issue: 2 Issue date: February 2013 Publication year: 2013 Pages: 214-217 231 Language: Chinese ISSN: 10001298 CODEN: NUYCA3 Document type: Journal article (JA) Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China Abstract: For analyzing the spatial variability and correlation of corn yield, the combined method of traditional statistical methods and geostatistics methods were compared. Firstly, the reasonable sampling number was sampled and its statistical characteristics were analyzed. The crop yield information was obtained by traditional statistical methods. Then, the spatial variability and correlation of crop yield at county-scale were studied by geostatistics methods. The regional spatial distribution map of crop yield was made by kringing interpolation methods. The results showed that the corn yield and its components had intermediate variability and the coefficient of variability was 10%-100% by traditional statistics. However, the spatial distribution of corn yield was found that it had relatively strong spatial correlation by geostatistics analysis. Further analysis showed that the spatial variability of corn yield was depended on its consistent factors rather than random factors and the spatial heterogeneity scales was about 3400 m. Number of references: 13 Main heading: Sampling Controlled terms: Agriculture - Interpolation - Spatial distribution Uncontrolled terms: Coefficient of variability - Combined method - Corn yields - Correlation analysis - Crop yield - Geo-statistics - Geostatistics method - Interpolation method - Kriging interpolation - Kringing - Random factors - Spatial correlations - Spatial distribution map - Spatial heterogeneity - Spatial variability - Statistical characteristics Classification code: 801 Chemistry - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 921 Mathematics - 921.6 Numerical Methods DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2013.02.039 Database: Compendex 11. Accession number: 20131116114839 Title: Stiffness fractal model for fixed joint interfaces Authors: Wen, Shuhua1 ; Zhang, Zongyang1 ; Zhang, Xueliang1 ; Lan, Guosheng1 ; Ding, Hongqin1 ; Wang, Nanshan1 Author affiliation: 1 College of Mechanical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China Corresponding author: Wen, S. (kd_wsh@sina.com) Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume: 44 Issue: 2 Issue date: February 2013 Publication year: 2013 Pages: 255-260 Language: Chinese ISSN: 10001298 CODEN: NUYCA3 Document type: Journal article (JA) Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China Abstract: Based on the relationship between the rough surface statistics parameters and surface profile fractal parameters, a method for calculating equivalent rough surface fractal parameters was proposed. Furthermore, tangential contact stiffness model was modified. The FEM and modal of the dumb-bell could be obtained when the joint interface was equivalent to the spring elements whose stiffnesses were obtained from the contact stiffness model and evident the effectiveness of the contact model, then the major factors of the modeling accuracy from the stiffness and the numbers of the equivalent spring element was discussed. In addition, the FEM of another dumb-bell was obtained similarly. The frequency response functions (FRFs) of the flexible connection FEM model and the rigid connection FEM model could be obtained from the result of the harmonic response analysis. Through the comparison of the FRFs, the necessity of the research on contact stiffness model was confirmed. Number of references: 14 Main heading: Fractals Controlled terms: Beams and girders - Bells - Frequency response - Modal analysis - Stiffness - Surface measurement Uncontrolled terms: Contact models - Contact stiffness - Equivalent springs - FEM models - Flexible connections - Fractal model - Fractal parameters - Frequency response functions - Harmonic response analysis - Joint interfaces - Major factors - Modeling accuracy - Rigid connection - Rough surfaces - Spring element - Surface profiles - Tangential contact stiffness Classification code: 943.2 Mechanical Variables Measurements - 921 Mathematics - 752.1 Acoustic Devices - 951 Materials Science - 731.1 Control Systems - 421 Strength of Building Materials; Mechanical Properties - 408.2 Structural Members and Shapes - 422 Strength of Building Materials; Test Equipment and Methods DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2013.02.046 Database: Compendex 12. Accession number: 20131116114820 Title: Early recognition of bruised kiwifruit based on near infrared diffuse reflectance spectroscopy Authors: Guo, Wenchuan1 ; Wang, Minghai1 ; Yue, Rong1 Author affiliation: 1 College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest A and F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China Corresponding author: Guo, W. (guowenchuan69@126.com) Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume: 44 Issue: 2 Issue date: February 2013 Publication year: 2013 Pages: 142-146 Language: Chinese ISSN: 10001298 CODEN: NUYCA3 Document type: Journal article (JA) Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China Abstract: To detect bruised kiwifruits from intact kiwifruit early and effectively, near infrared diffused reflectance spectroscopy technology combined with Fisher discriminant function, BP neural network and least square support vector machine(LSSVM) were applied to discriminate collided kiwifruit, pressed kiwifruit and intact kiwifruit after storage of 1d, respectively. Effectiveness of the discriminant model using full spectrum(FS), feature variables based on principal component analysis(PCA) and characteristic wavelength by successive projection algorithm(SPA) was compared and evaluated. The results showed that SPA gave the best advantage compared with methods of FS and PCA. Three models all had an acceptable accuracy, especially LSSVM model had the optimal recognition performance. SPA-LSSVM had an accuracy rate of 100%, 95% and 100% for identifying collided samples, pressed fruits and intact ones respectively, and the discriminant accuracy rate for total samples was 98.2%. Number of references: 14 Main heading: Infrared devices Controlled terms: Algorithms - Near infrared spectroscopy - Neural networks - Principal component analysis Uncontrolled terms: Accuracy rate - BP neural networks - Diffused reflectance - Discriminant models - Feature variable - Fisher discriminant function - Full spectrum - Kiwifruits - Least square support vector machines - Near Infrared - Near infrared diffuse reflectance - Recognition - Recognition performance - Successive projection algorithms - Three models Classification code: 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 723.4 Artificial Intelligence - 741.3 Optical Devices and Systems - 921 Mathematics - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2013.02.027 Database: Compendex 13. Accession number: 20131116114825 Title: Slippage detection in gripping fruits and vegetables for agricultural robot Authors: Zhou, Jun1 ; Zhu, Shuping1 Author affiliation: 1 Key Laboratory of Intelligent Agricultural Equipment in Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210031, China Corresponding author: Zhou, J. (zhoujun@njau.edu.cn) Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume: 44 Issue: 2 Issue date: February 2013 Publication year: 2013 Pages: 171-176 Language: Chinese ISSN: 10001298 CODEN: NUYCA3 Document type: Journal article (JA) Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China Abstract: A kind of sensitive slippage sensor was developed by using piezoresistor, and a slippage observation system was constructed. The technique of STFT was applied to analyze the spectral information of slippage signal. Then slippage signal was distinguished with the signal resulted from different normal griping forces by using the result of DWT. The experimental results showed that the slippage signal was able to be effectively extracted regardless of different normal gripping force. At last, the experiment of gripping force adjustment was carried out by using two parallel fingers hand equipped with the designed slippage sensor. The experimental results of grasping actual fruits and vegetables demonstrated the promise of this slippage sensor in the agricultural picking robot. Number of references: 10 Main heading: Robots Controlled terms: Agriculture - Discrete wavelet transforms - Fruits - Sensors - Vegetables Uncontrolled terms: Agricultural robot - DWT - Fruits and vegetables - Gripping force - Observation systems - Picking robot - Piezoresistor - Slippage detection - Spectral information Classification code: 731.5 Robotics - 801 Chemistry - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 921.3 Mathematical Transformations DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2013.02.032 Database: Compendex 14. Accession number: 20131116114796 Title: Modeling driver's adaptive steering control behavior Authors: Shen, Huan1 ; Tan, Yunsheng1 ; Li, Shunming1 ; Bi, Haimo1 Author affiliation: 1 College of Energy and Power Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China Corresponding author: Shen, H. (huan_shen@nuaa.edu.cn) Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume: 44 Issue: 2 Issue date: February 2013 Publication year: 2013 Pages: 12-16 Language: Chinese ISSN: 10001298 CODEN: NUYCA3 Document type: Journal article (JA) Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China Abstract: Human driver exhibited excellent adaptive capability when perform steering. However, it is difficult to analyze this adaptive ability with traditional dynamics system, since the steering course concerns a complex course of driver-vehicle interaction. The investigating of driver-vehicle closed-loop stability was conducted. It can be found that drivers can utilize the linear dynamics characteristic to acquire the skill of controlling the driving direction. Besides, this skill can combine with physical limitations to form an internal reference model, which can be employed by drivers to adapt to the variable dynamics conditions. Based on above results, a adaptive steering control method was proposed. The lane change simulation experimental result indicated that the proposed method not only can realize the drivers' steering task effectively, but also present good adaptability under the altered dynamics conditions. Number of references: 10 Main heading: Automobile steering equipment Controlled terms: Behavioral research - Dynamics - Models - Steering - Vehicles Uncontrolled terms: Adaptive ability - Adaptive capabilities - Adaptivity - Closed loop stability - Driver - Human drivers - Lane change - Linear dynamics - Physical limitations - Reference models - Steering control - Steering tasks - Variable dynamics Classification code: 432 Highway Transportation - 663.2 Heavy Duty Motor Vehicle Components - 902.1 Engineering Graphics - 931.1 Mechanics - 971 Social Sciences DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2013.02.003 Database: Compendex 15. Accession number: 20131116114830 Title: Improved artificial neural network for determination of plant leaf area Authors: Guo, Xiaoyu1 ; Sun, Yujun1 ; Wang, Yifu1 ; Lin, Jingyuan2 Author affiliation: 1 The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China 2 College of Landscape Architecture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China Corresponding author: Sun, Y. (sunyj@bjfu.edu.cn) Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume: 44 Issue: 2 Issue date: February 2013 Publication year: 2013 Pages: 200-204 199 Language: Chinese ISSN: 10001298 CODEN: NUYCA3 Document type: Journal article (JA) Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China Abstract: Leaf area is an essential indicator of photosynthesis for the study of crop and forest productivity. The Levenberg-Marquardt back-propagation optimization algorithm was coupled with Bayesian regulation to train the artificial neural network (ANN), and the predictive model was developed to determinate rapidly and accurately Moso bamboo leaf area. The results showed that the best input variables were the combination of leaf width and leaf length for ANN model, whereas the leaf shape index did not significantly affect the variability of leaf area. The optimization ANN model possessed with excellent performance and predictable accuracy, with the high determination coefficient of 0.992 and mean relative prediction error of 4.28%. The ANN model would be allowed for estimating accuracy the leaf area of Moso bamboo. Number of references: 19 Main heading: Neural networks Controlled terms: Algorithms - Bamboo - Measurements Uncontrolled terms: Ann models - Bayesian regulation - Determination coefficients - Forest productivity - Input variables - Leaf area - Leaf length - Leaf shape - Levenberg-Marquardt - Moso bamboo - Optimization algorithms - Plant leaf areas - Prediction errors - Predictive models Classification code: 943 Mechanical and Miscellaneous Measuring Instruments - 942 Electric and Electronic Measuring Instruments - 941 Acoustical and Optical Measuring Instruments - 944 Moisture, Pressure and Temperature, and Radiation Measuring Instruments - 921 Mathematics - 723.4 Artificial Intelligence - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 821.4 Agricultural Products DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2013.02.037 Database: Compendex 16. Accession number: 20131116114808 Title: Experiments of hydraulic performance for variable complete fluidic sprinkler Authors: Liu, Junping1 ; Yuan, Shouqi1 ; Li, Hong1 ; Zhu, Xingye1 Author affiliation: 1 Research Center of Fluid Machinery Engineering and Technology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China Corresponding author: Yuan, S. (shouqiy@ujs.edu.cn) Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume: 44 Issue: 2 Issue date: February 2013 Publication year: 2013 Pages: 75-79 Language: Chinese ISSN: 10001298 CODEN: NUYCA3 Document type: Journal article (JA) Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China Abstract: The hydraulic performance test of variable sprinkler were carried out for square and triangle spraying field, the wetted radius and water application rate of the sprinkler were measured and analyzed. The results showed that the maximum wetted radius of triangle spraying field was reduced than a square spraying field. The water distribution of triangle and square spraying fields were uniform relatively. Compared with the complete fluidic sprinkler, the difference of droplet size of variable sprinkler was smaller; the average application rate difference between the triangle and square spraying field was small. The maximum application rate was larger than the average application rate of triangle spraying field. The combination spacing increased, the overlap rate and number of variable sprinkler per acre were reduced. The uniformity was good for square spraying combination at the conditions of spacing factor was 1.25 and the wind speed of field was less than 1.2 m/s. The variable sprinkler operation was reliable and applied after the assessment of the natural environment. Number of references: 14 Main heading: Wetting Controlled terms: Water supply systems Uncontrolled terms: Application rates - Complete fluidic sprinkler - Droplet sizes - Field experiment - Hydraulic performance - Natural environments - Overlap rate - Spacing factor - Variable spraying - Water application rate - Water distributions - Wind speed Classification code: 446.1 Water Supply Systems - 931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2013.02.015 Database: Compendex 17. Accession number: 20131116114794 Title: Critical component modeling and system simulation of hydraulic control unit of automotive electronic stability program Authors: Meng, Aihong1, 2 ; Wang, Zhizhong1 ; Song, Jian1 ; Pan, Ning1 Author affiliation: 1 State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety and Energy, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China 2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Academy of Armored Force Engineering, Beijing 100072, China Corresponding author: Song, J. (daesj@tsinghua.edu.cn) Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume: 44 Issue: 2 Issue date: February 2013 Publication year: 2013 Pages: 1-5 Language: Chinese ISSN: 10001298 CODEN: NUYCA3 Document type: Journal article (JA) Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China Abstract: Taking the piston pump and high speed on-off valve, the crucial parts of automotive electronic stability program (ESP). Their mathematical models were established. Besides, the co-simulation model of ESP hydraulic control unit (HCU) was built up by AMESim and Matlab, which was also verified by test. The simulation model described the motion intrinsic characteristic of the piston pump and high speed on-off valve. Consequently, the effect of those components' parameters on the adjustment of braking pressure during active boosting was analyzed. The result can provide references for the design and development of ESP, especially for improving the efficiency of the pump and the linear control performance of the high speed on-off valve. Number of references: 12 Main heading: MATLAB Controlled terms: Computer simulation - Hydraulic machinery - Hydraulics - Linear control systems - Mathematical models - Models - Reciprocating pumps Uncontrolled terms: Braking pressure - Cosimulation - Critical component - Design and Development - Electronic stability programs - High speed on-off valve - Hydraulic control units - Intrinsic characteristics - Linear controls - Simulation - Simulation model - System simulations Classification code: 961 Systems Science - 921 Mathematics - 902.1 Engineering Graphics - 723.5 Computer Applications - 632.2 Hydraulic Equipment and Machinery - 632.1 Hydraulics - 618.2 Pumps DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2013.02.001 Database: Compendex 18. Accession number: 20131116114823 Title: Design of multiresolution adaptive speed measurement system for low-speed intelligent agricultural vehicle Authors: Tian, Guangzhao1 ; An, Qiu1 ; Ji, Changying1 ; Gu, Baoxing1 ; Wang, Haiqing1 ; Zhao, Jiandong1 Author affiliation: 1 College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210031, China Corresponding author: Ji, C. (chyji@njau.edu.cn) Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume: 44 Issue: 2 Issue date: February 2013 Publication year: 2013 Pages: 159-164 Language: Chinese ISSN: 10001298 CODEN: NUYCA3 Document type: Journal article (JA) Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China Abstract: A pulse Doppler radar based real-time speed measurement system was designed by using CAN bus communication technology and multithreading technology according to the low speed characteristic of intelligent agricultural vehicle. In order to obtain a high precision result with the least system resource consumption, the multiresolution adaptive policy was designed by dividing speed level and variable sliding-window gray prediction. Experiments showed that the average error was 1.45% and the working frequency of resolution generator was reduced by 76.7% after adaptive policy started when the speed of vehicle was 0.2 m/s. The average error was 0.61% and the working frequency of resolution generator was reduced by 90.0% after policy started when the speed of vehicle was 0.8 m/s. The output frequency of system was steady 9.6 Hz and the frequency of resolution generator was dramatically reduced during variable speed movement. Number of references: 11 Main heading: Vehicle to vehicle communications Controlled terms: Agriculture - Doppler radar - Measurements - Speed regulators - Vehicles Uncontrolled terms: Adaptive speed - Agricultural vehicles - CAN bus - Gray prediction - Multi-resolutions Classification code: 944 Moisture, Pressure and Temperature, and Radiation Measuring Instruments - 943 Mechanical and Miscellaneous Measuring Instruments - 942 Electric and Electronic Measuring Instruments - 941 Acoustical and Optical Measuring Instruments - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 732.1 Control Equipment - 716.2 Radar Systems and Equipment - 716 Telecommunication; Radar, Radio and Television - 432 Highway Transportation DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2013.02.030 Database: Compendex 19. Accession number: 20131116114834 Title: Sensitivity of material-flow bottleneck to uncertain environment in job shop Authors: Ling, Lin1 ; Liu, Mingzhou1 ; Wang, Qiang1 Author affiliation: 1 School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China Corresponding author: Liu, M. (liumingzhou0551@163.com) Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume: 44 Issue: 2 Issue date: February 2013 Publication year: 2013 Pages: 224-231 Language: Chinese ISSN: 10001298 CODEN: NUYCA3 Document type: Journal article (JA) Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China Abstract: The method for measuring the sensitivity of the bottleneck degree to the bottleneck shifting factors was proposed. According to the material-flow bottleneck defining, the production capability and load were described from the perspectives of process speed and quality level, then the bottleneck index was constructed to characterize the degree of manufacturing unit blocking the material-flow (that is bottleneck degree). Based on the measurement of the sensitivity of the bottleneck index to the single bottleneck shifting factor and DEMATEL method for analyzing the relationship of the factors, bottleneck shifting sensitivity index was built to measure the sensitive degree of bottleneck index to the uncertain environment. At the end of this thesis, an example for monitoring the bottleneck and measuring sensitive degree to the uncertain environment in job shop was given to prove the validation and practicability of bottleneck index and bottleneck shifting sensitivity index. Number of references: 21 Main heading: Quality control Uncontrolled terms: Bottleneck shifting - Dematel methods - Job shop - Manufacturing units - Material-flow - Process speed - Production capabilities - Quality levels - Sensitivity indices - Shifting factors - Uncertain environments Classification code: 913.3 Quality Assurance and Control DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2013.02.041 Database: Compendex 20. Accession number: 20131116114811 Title: Theory and experiment on jet breakup length of charged liquid Authors: Wang, Xiaoying1 ; Wang, Junfeng1 ; Zhi, Liangze1 Author affiliation: 1 School of Energy and Power Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China Corresponding author: Wang, X. (flair619@ujs.edu.cn) Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume: 44 Issue: 2 Issue date: February 2013 Publication year: 2013 Pages: 93-96 116 Language: Chinese ISSN: 10001298 CODEN: NUYCA3 Document type: Journal article (JA) Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China Abstract: Based on the linear instability theory, the dispersion equation of charged liquid jet was obtained. The charged liquid jet breakup length was measured by applying the high-speed photography technology to verify the theoretical results. The results of numerical calculation indicated that the growth rate of 0-order and 1-order surface wave grows with increasing of jet velocity and charged voltage. The maximum growth rate of 0-order surface wave was bigger than that of 1-order surface wave in the discussed range of jet velocity and charge voltage. The jet breakup length increased to maximum value and then decreased with increasing of jet velocity. Charge voltage always promoted the jet breakup and makes jet breakup length shorter. Higher liquid conductivity made jet breakup length longer. The experimental results showed that theoretical analysis gave a reasonable explanation to the influence of charge voltage, jet velocity and liquid conductivity on jet breakup length, but fails to be a good predictor of critical jet velocity corresponding to the maximum of jet breakup length. Number of references: 16 Main heading: Velocity Controlled terms: Electric conductivity - High speed photography - Liquids - Surface waves Uncontrolled terms: Charge voltage - Charged jets - Charged liquids - Charged voltage - Dispersion equations - Jet breakup - Jet velocities - Linear instabilities - Liquid conductivity - Numerical calculation - Theoretical result Classification code: 701.1 Electricity: Basic Concepts and Phenomena - 711 Electromagnetic Waves - 742.1 Photography - 751 Acoustics, Noise. Sound - 931 Classical Physics; Quantum Theory; Relativity DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2013.02.018 Database: Compendex 21. Accession number: 20131116114821 Title: Non-destructive detection of freshness grade for apple fruit based on bio-impedance properties Authors: Cai, Cheng1 ; Li, Xiaolong2 ; Ma, Huiling3 ; Ren, Xiaolin4 ; Huang, Liangmei3 ; Zeng, Yanchun3 Author affiliation: 1 College of Information and Engineering, Northwest A and F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China 2 Institute of Germplasm Resources, Ningxia Academy of Agricultural Science, Yinchuan 750021, China 3 College of Life Science, Northwest A and F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China 4 College of Horticulture, Northwest A and F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China Corresponding author: Ma, H. (ma_huiling65@hotmail.com) Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume: 44 Issue: 2 Issue date: February 2013 Publication year: 2013 Pages: 147-152 Language: Chinese ISSN: 10001298 CODEN: NUYCA3 Document type: Journal article (JA) Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China Abstract: Bioimpedance properties of Fuji apple fruit with different freshness were investigated. Fruit with weight loss of 0, 5%, 10%, 15% and core-browning under room temperature were chosen as samples corresponding to descending freshness grades of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, respectively. 126 observations of 14 bio-impedance parameters under nine frequencies of total 424 fruit from each grade were measured fruit by fruit with LCR impedance meter. Data were computed by using the sparse principal component analysis-linear classifier (SPCA-LDC) model. Results indicated that classification accuracy reached to maximum stably when the ratio of training sample to test sample of 9:1 and former 39-45 principal component (PC) were adopted. The least 39 PCs were consisted of 44 from the 126 observations. Average rate of classification accuracy reached to 87.90% within 50 test repeats. Number of references: 22 Main heading: Fruits Controlled terms: Microcomputers - Principal component analysis Uncontrolled terms: Apple - Bio-impedance - Freshness - Linear classifiers - Nondestructive detection - Sparse principal component analysis Classification code: 722.4 Digital Computers and Systems - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2013.02.028 Database: Compendex 22. Accession number: 20131116114818 Title: Cooling characteristics and influence parameters of multi-temperature refrigerated truck Authors: Li, Jin1, 2 ; Xie, Ruhe3 ; Liu, Guanghai3 ; Lü, Ning3 ; Chen, Yaofeng2 Author affiliation: 1 School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China 2 Department of Automabile, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan 512005, China 3 Research Center for Logistics and Transportation, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China Corresponding author: Xie, R. (583385752@qq.com) Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume: 44 Issue: 2 Issue date: February 2013 Publication year: 2013 Pages: 128-135 Language: Chinese ISSN: 10001298 CODEN: NUYCA3 Document type: Journal article (JA) Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China Abstract: Comprehensively considering the construction features of the multi-temperature refrigerated truck and the externalsol-air temperature, vehicle speed, compartment seal and air flow characteristics between the frozen and refrigerated zone of the multi-temperature refrigerated compartment, the cooling mathematical models in the every temperature zones of the multi-temperature refrigerated truck was built up. A testing was conducted to verify the correctness of the mathematical model, and further the impact factors of the cooling performance were analyzed. The study results showed that: during the cooling process in refrigerated trucks, temperatures both in two temperature zones were decreased exponentially with time. Cooling time in both the two zones was increased when the cooling capacity was reduced or the respiratory heat of goods and the vehicle speed and thermal conductivity of the compartment insulation material were increased. Besides, the cooling time will increase in the frozen zone while the cooling time in the refrigerated zone would decrease if we enlarge the fan wind speed between the two zones or increase the wind outlet areas. If volume in the frozen zone was enlarged and volume in the refrigerated zone was decreased with the total volume unchanged, cooling time in the frozen zone would increase while the refrigerated zone keeps unchanged. The two cooling characteristics remained the same when the thickness of the insulation panels between the two temperature zones was changed. Number of references: 24 Main heading: Thermal conductivity Controlled terms: Cooling - Mathematical models - Trucks Uncontrolled terms: Air flow - Construction features - Cooling Capacity - Cooling characteristics - Cooling performance - Cooling process - Cooling time - Impact factor - Influence parameter - Insulation materials - Insulation panel - Temperature zone - Two-temperature-zone - Vehicle speed - Wind speed Classification code: 641.2 Heat Transfer - 663.1 Heavy Duty Motor Vehicles - 921 Mathematics DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2013.02.025 Database: Compendex 23. Accession number: 20131116114810 Title: Application rate control characteristics of blended pulse variable rate application system Authors: Wei, Xinhua1 ; Jiang, Shan2 ; Zhang, Jinmin1 ; Li, Qinglin1 Author affiliation: 1 Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology, Ministry of Education, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China 2 School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Hefei Normal University, Hefei 230061, China Corresponding author: Wei, X. (wei_xh@126.com) Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume: 44 Issue: 2 Issue date: February 2013 Publication year: 2013 Pages: 87-92 86 Language: Chinese ISSN: 10001298 CODEN: NUYCA3 Document type: Journal article (JA) Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China Abstract: In order to study the application rate control characteristics of blended pulse variable rate application system, a blended pulse variable rate application system was constructed based on a commercial boom sprayer and by integration of high speed direct acting solenoid valves (type 6013), hollow cone nozzles (type TR80-05), pilot-operated proportional relief valve (type DBEE6-1X/50) and a self-designed PWM-based variable rate application controller. Influences of diaphragm pump's input shaft rotating speed, nozzle positions, spray pressure, PWM signal frequency and duty cycle on nozzle's spray flow rate were tested. Computational models of the nozzle's spray flow rate under spray pressure of 0.2 MPa, 0.3 MPa and 0.4 MPa were fitted through monothetic linear regression, and corresponding control models of application rate were deduced. Application rate control characteristics testing experimentation of the blended pulse variable rate application system was performed too. Test results show that influences of nozzle positions and PWM signal frequency on the nozzle's spray flow rate are very little, spray pressure and PWM signal duty cycle have crucial influences on the nozzle's spray flow rate, the ratio of flow regulation is about 10:1 with combine of the solenoid valve and the nozzle used in the system, the control error of spray flow rate is less than ±4% when objective spray flow rate is greater than 0.3 L/min, and the control error of application rate is less than ±6%. Number of references: 13 Main heading: Spray nozzles Controlled terms: Control - Flow rate - Pulse width modulation - Signal processing - Solenoid valves Uncontrolled terms: Application rates - Boom sprayer - Computational model - Control errors - Control model - Diaphragm pumps - Flow regulation - High Speed - Hollow cones - Rotating speed - Signal duty cycle - Signal frequencies - Spray flow - Spray pressure - Testing experimentation - Variable rate application Classification code: 732 Control Devices - 731 Automatic Control Principles and Applications - 716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing - 716 Telecommunication; Radar, Radio and Television - 631.1 Fluid Flow, General - 631 Fluid Flow - 619 Pipes, Tanks and Accessories; Plant Engineering Generally DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2013.02.017 Database: Compendex 24. Accession number: 20131116114816 Title: Design of variable pitch spiral conveyor for biomass continual pyrolysis reactor Authors: Jiang, Enchen1 ; Su, Xulin1 ; Wang, Mingfeng2 ; Xiong, Leiming2 ; Zhao, Chuang2 ; Xu, Xiwei2 Author affiliation: 1 College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China 2 College of Engineering, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China Corresponding author: Jiang, E. (ecjiang@sina.com) Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume: 44 Issue: 2 Issue date: February 2013 Publication year: 2013 Pages: 121-124 Language: Chinese ISSN: 10001298 CODEN: NUYCA3 Document type: Journal article (JA) Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China Abstract: The biomass continuous pyrolysis reaction device with a variable pitch spiral conveyor was developed. To be more specific, the special screw conveyer was designed and optimized. Cold experiments showed that pyrolysis volatiles could be smoother to the end by way of combining the variable pitch with pros and cons screw. For general biomass, the productivity of the device was about 30 kg/h, and stay time was 5-10 min, which can meet the needs of pyrolysis reaction stably and continuously. Experimental research for various agriculture and forestry biomass could be carried out. Number of references: 17 Main heading: Biomass Controlled terms: Chemical reactors - Conveyors - Forestry - Screws Uncontrolled terms: Cold experiments - Continuous pyrolysis - Experimental research - Forestry biomass - Pyrolysis reaction - Pyrolysis reactor - Screw conveying - Variable pitch Classification code: 605 Small Tools and Hardware - 692.1 Conveyors - 802.1 Chemical Plants and Equipment - 821.0 Woodlands and Forestry - 821.5 Agricultural Wastes DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2013.02.023 Database: Compendex 25. Accession number: 20131116114801 Title: Design and experiment of sliding knife furrow openner Authors: Gu, Yaoquan1, 2 ; Jia, Honglei3 ; Guo, Hui1 ; Zhao, Wengang2 ; Zhao, Xintian2 Author affiliation: 1 College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130025, China 2 Jilin Province Academy of Agricultural Machinery, Changchun 130022, China 3 Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130025, China Corresponding author: Jia, H. (jiahl@vip.163.com) Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume: 44 Issue: 2 Issue date: February 2013 Publication year: 2013 Pages: 38-42 Language: Chinese ISSN: 10001298 CODEN: NUYCA3 Document type: Journal article (JA) Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China Abstract: Twelve kinds of sliding knife furrow openner with different thickness and sliding cutting angle were designed in view of this issue about the casualness in the design and manufacture and limited application. Mixed type orthogonal test was carried out through soil bin and press in the laboratory with test index of traction resistance and vertical pressure. The test results showed that the sliding cutting angle was the main factor effecting its working performance, and the furrow opener possessed better comprehensive performance when its sliding cutting angle in the edge curve terminal point was in the range of 35°-55°. Number of references: 15 Main heading: Design Controlled terms: Experiments Uncontrolled terms: Comprehensive performance - Design and manufactures - Different thickness - Edge curve - Furrow openers - Mixed type - Orthogonal test - Sliding cutting angles - Terminal points - Traction resistance - Vertical pressure - Working performance Classification code: 408 Structural Design - 901.3 Engineering Research DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2013.02.008 Database: Compendex 26. Accession number: 20131116114803 Title: Slot-type pneumatic precise wheat seed-metering device Authors: Zhao, Xiaoshun1 ; Yu, Huali1 ; Zhang, Jinguo1 ; Huo, Xiaojing1 ; Chen, Fengyan1 ; Zhao, Jin1 Author affiliation: 1 College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071001, China Corresponding author: Zhang, J. (zhangjinguo@hebau.edu.cn) Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume: 44 Issue: 2 Issue date: February 2013 Publication year: 2013 Pages: 48-51 74 Language: Chinese ISSN: 10001298 CODEN: NUYCA3 Document type: Journal article (JA) Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China Abstract: A kind of trapezoidal slot-type pneumatic wheat seed-metering device was designed. Through experiments, the sucking seed uniformity of the seed-metering device with trapezoidal, U-shape, V-shape slot-type and the straight slot-type was analyzed. The experimental data showed the variation coefficient of the seed-metering device with trapezoidal slot-type was the smallest, which was 7.0%, and the seed breakage rate was lower than 0.30%. These data conformed to the requirement of wheat precise seeding. But in the actual operation because of undulation of negative pressure of the wind machine and difference of air current suction in each row slot-type, the consistency of each line seeding quantity of the seed-metering device was not improved. Its variation coefficient was not more than 4.4% in the different speed change situations. Number of references: 18 Main heading: Pneumatic materials handling equipment Controlled terms: Pneumatics Uncontrolled terms: Actual operation - Air currents - Breakage rates - Different speed - Experimental datum - Negative pressures - Precise seeding - Seed-metering device - Slot-type - V-shape - Variation coefficient - Wheat - Wind machines Classification code: 632.3 Pneumatics - 632.4 Pneumatic Equipment and Machinery DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2013.02.010 Database: Compendex 27. Accession number: 20131116114798 Title: Summarize of particle movements research in agricultural engineering realm Authors: Ma, Zheng1 ; Li, Yaoming1 ; Xu, Lizhang1 Author affiliation: 1 Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology, Ministry of Education, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China Corresponding author: Li, Y. (ymli@ujs.edu.cn) Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume: 44 Issue: 2 Issue date: February 2013 Publication year: 2013 Pages: 22-29 Language: Chinese ISSN: 10001298 CODEN: NUYCA3 Document type: Journal article (JA) Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China Abstract: Discrete particles often become the work objects or working medium of the modern agricultural equipment. Research work of particle collisions and fluid-solid coupling is always be involved in the study of particles movement. It is show that the methods and results of these researches are more and more important to the other research work in modern agricultural engineering field. The research methods of particle movement in agricultural engineering field were respectively illuminated from these aspects like theory analysis, numerical simulation and actual experiment. Then the status of particle movement research for a few typical agricultural equipments both in China and aboard was reviewed. Finally, the development tendency of particle motion research in agricultural engineering realm was proposed. Number of references: 54 Main heading: Research Controlled terms: Agricultural engineering - Agriculture - Equipment Uncontrolled terms: Actual experiments - Agricultural equipment - Development tendency - Fluid-solid coupling - Particle collision - Particle motions - Particle movement - Summarize - Working medium Classification code: 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 901 Engineering Profession - 901.3 Engineering Research DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2013.02.005 Database: Compendex 28. Accession number: 20131116114833 Title: C-F-D-P mapping process of reconfigurable product systems based on axiomatic design Authors: Cheng, Youming1 ; Ma, Luqiang1 Author affiliation: 1 College of Management and Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu 241000, China Corresponding author: Cheng, Y. (chengym815@163.com) Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume: 44 Issue: 2 Issue date: February 2013 Publication year: 2013 Pages: 218-223 Language: Chinese ISSN: 10001298 CODEN: NUYCA3 Document type: Journal article (JA) Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China Abstract: Using the axiomatic design theory and the method of Z-type mapping, difference characteristics of mapping process between design the reconfigurable product system (RPS) and common product system was analyzed. The C-F-D-P mapping process of RPS was analyzed by the defined rule of and transformed domain. Taking the reconfigurable small agricultural machinery as an example, the implementation process of RPS by Acclaro DFSS software was verified. Number of references: 18 Main heading: Mapping Controlled terms: Agricultural machinery - Product design Uncontrolled terms: Axiomatic design - Axiomatic design theory - Implementation process - Mapping process - Product systems - Reconfigurable - Small agricultural machineries - Transformed domain Classification code: 821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment - 902.1 Engineering Graphics - 913.1 Production Engineering DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2013.02.040 Database: Compendex 29. Accession number: 20131116114840 Title: Bending behavior based on hardness gradient for hot forming high strength steel Authors: Shen, Guozhe1 ; Li, Xiaowen1 ; Ying, Liang1 ; Shi, Dongyong2 ; Guo, Runqing1 ; Meng, Zhaohuan1 Author affiliation: 1 School of Automotive Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China 2 Department of Engineering Mechanics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China Corresponding author: Shen, G. (sgz@dlut.edu.cn) Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume: 44 Issue: 2 Issue date: February 2013 Publication year: 2013 Pages: 261-266 Language: Chinese ISSN: 10001298 CODEN: NUYCA3 Document type: Journal article (JA) Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China Abstract: A three-point bending test of hot forming high strength steel specimens with different thickness was designed. The related mechanical parameters were obtained. The results indicated that the bending mechanical properties of hot forming specimens were strengthened with the increase of the thickness. The specimens which were based on different thickness had higher center hardness and lower surface hardness. Meanwhile, a multi-layer composite material was proposed with hardness gradient distribution in the direction of the thickness. Based on the hardness gradient and the hardness-strength corresponding to the relationship, a multi-layer gradient numerical simulation model of three-point bending was established, explored that the gradient material model was more rational for numerical simulation. Number of references: 11 Main heading: Hardness Controlled terms: Computer simulation - High strength steel - Steel research - Strength of materials Uncontrolled terms: Bending behavior - Different thickness - Gradient materials - Gradient model - Hardness gradient - Hot forming - Mechanical parameters - Multilayer composite - Surface hardness - Three point bending - Three-point bending test Classification code: 421 Strength of Building Materials; Mechanical Properties - 422 Strength of Building Materials; Test Equipment and Methods - 545.3 Steel - 723.5 Computer Applications - 951 Materials Science DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2013.02.047 Database: Compendex 30. Accession number: 20131116114836 Title: Analysis of torque pulsation for double-stator single-acting multi-motors Authors: Wen, Desheng1 ; Chang, Xue1 ; Zhang, Shaobo1 ; Wang, Yuan1 ; Kong, Weitao1 Author affiliation: 1 College of Mechanical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China Corresponding author: Wen, D. (wendesheng@ysu.edu.cn) Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume: 44 Issue: 2 Issue date: February 2013 Publication year: 2013 Pages: 238-242 247 Language: Chinese ISSN: 10001298 CODEN: NUYCA3 Document type: Journal article (JA) Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China Abstract: In order to realize the performance of motor, the influence of torque pulsation by different number of slider was studied based on the analysis of the theoretical displacement and theoretical torque of double-stator single-acting multi-motors. Through the analysis, mathematical expressions of the motor's torque and the number of sliders were obtained. Meanwhile, the results show that lag angle could influence torque pulsation when outer motor and inner motor work at the same time and differential connections. This research work laid a theoretical foundation for the design of double-stator single-acting multi-motors. Number of references: 10 Main heading: Torque motors Controlled terms: Stators - Torque Uncontrolled terms: Differential connection - Double stator - Mathematical expressions - Theoretical displacement - Theoretical foundations - Torque pulsation Classification code: 421 Strength of Building Materials; Mechanical Properties - 705.1 Electric Machinery, General - 705.3 Electric Motors DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2013.02.043 Database: Compendex 31. Accession number: 20131116114806 Title: Optimization of suction head of scion clamping mechanism for vegetable grafting machine Authors: Lou, Jianzhong1, 2 ; Li, Jianping1 ; Zhu, Pan'an3 ; Lü, Gulai1 ; Wang, Meng1 Author affiliation: 1 Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China 2 College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang Institute of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Hangzhou 310053, China 3 Wenzhou Vocational College of Science and Technology, Wenzhou 325006, China Corresponding author: Li, J. (jpli@zju.edu.cn) Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume: 44 Issue: 2 Issue date: February 2013 Publication year: 2013 Pages: 63-68 Language: Chinese ISSN: 10001298 CODEN: NUYCA3 Document type: Journal article (JA) Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China Abstract: In order to solve the problem of scion seeding difficult to clamp in traditional vegetable grafting machine and easily be injured, an air-suction mechanism was developed with vacuum suction head adsorption for scion, which based on the analysis of structural parameters and mechanical properties of suction seeding. A computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulation of a 3-D model was developed in the given boundary conditions to investigate the fluid flow features and the effect of adsorption ability caused by various factors. The orthogonal test was adopted in this experiment to optimize the design of the structure of the vacuum suction head. The result showed that the important sequence was determined as follows: shape of the suction head, vacuum degree and the depth of counterboring. Experiment results showed that the feature of the proposed air-suction mechanism was safe and reliable. The success rate of the proposed scion clamping mechanism reached to 97.8%, no scion wan injured, and the success rate of insert into stocks reached to 85.6%. Thus, it indicated that the proposed scion clamping mechanism could satisfy the requirements of location and clamping for vegetable grafting. Number of references: 21 Main heading: Vegetables Controlled terms: Adsorption - Clamping devices - Computational fluid dynamics - Computer simulation - Experiments - Grafting (chemical) - Mechanical properties - Optimization - Three dimensional computer graphics - Vacuum Uncontrolled terms: 3D models - Clamping mechanism - Counter borings - Effect of adsorptions - Flow features - Inclined insert - Optimization design - Orthogonal test - Structural parameter - Suction head - Vacuum degree - Vacuum suction Classification code: 951 Materials Science - 921.5 Optimization Techniques - 901.3 Engineering Research - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 723.5 Computer Applications - 633 Vacuum Technology - 605 Small Tools and Hardware DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2013.02.013 Database: Compendex 32. Accession number: 20131116114809 Title: Dynamic contact angle forecasting and modeling for drop-leaf interface based on time series analysis Authors: Lu, Jun1 ; Zhang, Hongtao2 ; Wei, Deyun3 ; Hu, Yuxia4 Author affiliation: 1 School of Engineering, Zhejiang A and F University, Lin'an 311300, China 2 Institute of Electric Power, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450011, China 3 Tianmu College, Zhejiang A and F University, Lin'an 311300, China 4 School of Electrical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China Corresponding author: Lu, J. (lujun12404@126.com) Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume: 44 Issue: 2 Issue date: February 2013 Publication year: 2013 Pages: 80-86 Language: Chinese ISSN: 10001298 CODEN: NUYCA3 Document type: Journal article (JA) Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China Abstract: A prediction and modeling method for dynamic contact angle of spraying agricultural drop on cucumber leaf surface based on image data collected was presented with combination of time series analysis and applying spatial trends theory. The dynamic contact angle θ of different mass fraction of glyphosate additives (EF8108-B) aqueous solution range from 16.08% to 82.14% on the cucumber leaf surface were measured by applying high-speed digital camera technology. Experimental results showed that the contact angle declined rapidly within the first 2 s, and then decreased slowly and gradually to reach its stabilized in the following 8 s. The contact angle didn't show increase of a downward trend with increasing EF8108-B solution concentration. The self-relevant and self-regression model (AR(2)), the mobile average model (MA(3)) and exponential smoothing model (ES(6)) were established according to time series analysis, respectively. Moreover, the spatial distribution of spreading diameter, drop height, drop area and drop volume were simulated by applying trend surface theory, then the 3-D dynamic contact angle trend surface model were constructed. The numerical simulation and experimental verification results indicated that the goodness of fit was up to 94.72%. Number of references: 16 Main heading: Time series analysis Controlled terms: Computer simulation - Contact angle - Drops - Regression analysis - Rolling resistance Uncontrolled terms: Average model - Different mass - Drop height - Drop volume - Dynamic contact angle - Exponential smoothing model - Glyphosates - Goodness of fit - High-speed digital cameras - Image data - Leaf surfaces - Simulation and experimental verifications - Solution concentration - Spatial trends - Spreading diameters - Trend surface Classification code: 443.1 Atmospheric Properties - 631.1.1 Liquid Dynamics - 723.5 Computer Applications - 818.5 Rubber Products - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2013.02.016 Database: Compendex 33. Accession number: 20131116114815 Title: Effect of mixing on dry anaerobic digestion of dairy manure Authors: Li, Daoyi1 ; Li, Shujun2 ; Liu, Tianshu2 ; Huang, Xiguo2 ; Wu, Lili2 ; Jing, Quanrong2 Author affiliation: 1 College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China 2 Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Sciences, Beijing 100083, China Corresponding author: Li, S. (lisj@caams.org.cn) Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume: 44 Issue: 2 Issue date: February 2013 Publication year: 2013 Pages: 117-120 Language: Chinese ISSN: 10001298 CODEN: NUYCA3 Document type: Journal article (JA) Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China Abstract: Effect of mixing on dry thermophilic (55°C) anaerobic digestion of dairy manure was investigated. No significant difference in fermentation performance was observed between continuous mixing speeds of 8-32 r/min. Compared to continuously mixing, although 10% less methane was produced with batch slightly mixing. It greatly decreased energy consumption for mixing, and more suitable for dry anaerobic digestion. No significant difference in pH value, concentrations of ammonia, volatile fatty acid and total alkalinity was observed among different mixing conditions during digestion. Number of references: 12 Main heading: Mixing Controlled terms: Anaerobic digestion - Biogas - Energy utilization - Manures - Methane - pH - Volatile fatty acids Uncontrolled terms: Continuous mixing - Dairy manures - Dry anaerobic digestions - Fermentation performance - Mixing conditions - pH value - Significant differences - Total alkalinities Classification code: 804.1 Organic Compounds - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 801.1 Chemistry, General - 525.3 Energy Utilization - 522 Gas Fuels - 452.3 Industrial Wastes DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2013.02.022 Database: Compendex 34. Accession number: 20131116114835 Title: Active residual vibration control of planar 3-RRR flexible parallel robots Authors: Zhang, Qinghua1 ; Zhang, Xianmin1 Author affiliation: 1 Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Precision Equipment and Manufacturing Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China Corresponding author: Zhang, X. (zhangxm@scut.edu.cn) Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume: 44 Issue: 2 Issue date: February 2013 Publication year: 2013 Pages: 232-237 266 Language: Chinese ISSN: 10001298 CODEN: NUYCA3 Document type: Journal article (JA) Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China Abstract: A research concerning active residual vibration control of planar 3-RRR flexible parallel robots was presented. First, based on the finite element method and the Lagrange's equation, the equations of motion of the smart beam bonded lead zirconate titanate (PZT) actuators and sensors were modeled. Considering constraint equations of rigid motion and elastic motion, the general motion equations of planar 3-RRR flexible parallel robots were determined by the compatibility. The high-order equations of the system in physical space were transformed into modal space through the modal theory. According to the low-order modal equations, both the strain rate feedback controler and the optimal state feedback controler were designed for suppressing residual vibration of the system. The numerical simulation results revealed that two kinds of controllers could effectively suppress residual vibration of the system. Moreover, comparing the strain rate feedback control, the optimal state feedback control could obtain better control results in a lower control voltage. Number of references: 20 Main heading: Robot programming Controlled terms: Computer simulation - Equations of motion - Feedback control - Finite element method - Optimization - Robots - Semiconducting lead compounds - State feedback - Strain rate - Vibration control Uncontrolled terms: Active vibration controls - Constraint equation - Control voltages - Elastic motions - High-order - Lagrange's equation - Lead zirconate titanate actuators - Modal equation - Modal theory - Optimal state feedback - Optimal state feedback control - Parallel robots - Residual vibrations - Rigid motions - Smart beams - Strain rate feedback Classification code: 921 Mathematics - 731 Automatic Control Principles and Applications - 723.5 Computer Applications - 723.1 Computer Programming - 712.1.2 Compound Semiconducting Materials - 422 Strength of Building Materials; Test Equipment and Methods - 421 Strength of Building Materials; Mechanical Properties DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2013.02.042 Database: Compendex 35. Accession number: 20131116114817 Title: Transesterification reactor high-pressure hydrothermal state and microalgae biodiesel experiment Authors: Cao, Ning1 ; Wang, Yong1 ; Du, Chang1 ; Zhang, Guizhi1 ; Li, Kun1 Author affiliation: 1 College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, China Corresponding author: Cao, N. (caoning1982@gmail.com) Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume: 44 Issue: 2 Issue date: February 2013 Publication year: 2013 Pages: 125-127 Language: Chinese ISSN: 10001298 CODEN: NUYCA3 Document type: Journal article (JA) Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China Abstract: Taking intermittent high-pressure transesterification reactor as object, the influence of background pressure and temperature on thermal equilibrium state of the water were discussed. Through establishing 3-D temperature-pressure field analysis model, the high-pressure hydrothermal state control equation was determined and supercritical state reaction condition was optimized. On this basis, the experimental study on biodiesel prepared with large-scale aquaculture microalgae as raw materials was carried out and the oil quality was analyzed. The results indicated that the output rate of biodiesel prepared with chlorella was evidently higher than that of other types of algae. The introduction of supercritical state reaction condition almost doubled the output rate of biodiesel and the oil quality had nearly the same carbon/hydrogen mass ratio, calorific value and density with the 0# diesel. Number of references: 10 Main heading: Biodiesel Controlled terms: Algae - High pressure effects - Microorganisms - Transesterification Uncontrolled terms: Background pressure - Direct transesterification - Experimental studies - Field analysis - Mass ratio - Micro-algae - Oil quality - Output rate - State-control - Supercritical - Supercritical state - Thermal equilibrium state Classification code: 461.2 Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 461.9 Biology - 523 Liquid Fuels - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2013.02.024 Database: Compendex 36. Accession number: 20131116114812 Title: Effects of different planting patterns on cotton yield and soil water-salt under brackish water irrigation before sowing Authors: Zhang, Junpeng1 ; Cao, Caiyun2 ; Feng, Di1 ; Sun, Jingsheng1 ; Li, Kejiang2 ; Liu, Hao1 Author affiliation: 1 Ministry of Agriculture, Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang 453003, China 2 Institute of Dryland Farming, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Hengshui 053000, China Corresponding author: Sun, J. (jshsun623@yahoo.com.cn) Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume: 44 Issue: 2 Issue date: February 2013 Publication year: 2013 Pages: 97-102 Language: Chinese ISSN: 10001298 CODEN: NUYCA3 Document type: Journal article (JA) Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China Abstract: Effects of six planting patterns on cotton soil water-salt movement, seedling rate, leaf area index, yield and fiber quality under irrigation before sowing with 5 g/L brackish water were studied by plot comparative trial. The planting patterns were respectively seeding raising and soil-substrate transplanting with plastic mulching, seeding raising in sand and root-naked transplanting with plastic mulching, seeding raising and soil-substrate transplanting without plastic mulching, seeding raising in sand and root-naked transplanting without plastic mulching, and bunch planting without plastic mulching. The results showed that salt stress towards cotton was reduced by applying plastic film mulching to decrease soil evaporation, improve soil temperature as well as inhibit salt accumulation in surface. Under the film mulching conditions, the cotton seedling rate, leaf area index before blossoming and boll forming stage, pre-frost yield and yield were higher than that without plastic mulching. Fiber quality was also improved. The techniques of seeding raising and soil-substrate transplanting and seeding raising in sand and root-naked transplanting showed a good yield-increasing potential. Especially during the successive overcast days in the middle-late stages of cotton (in 2011), the yield of seedling transplantation cotton was greatly improved. Number of references: 15 Main heading: Seed Controlled terms: Cotton - Irrigation - Soil moisture Uncontrolled terms: Brackish water - Cotton yield - Fiber quality - Film mulching - Leaf Area Index - Planting pattern - Plastic film mulching - Plastic mulching - Salt accumulations - Salt stresss - Soil evaporations - Soil temperature - Water-salt variation - Yield - Yield-increasing Classification code: 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 821.3 Agricultural Methods - 821.4 Agricultural Products DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2013.02.019 Database: Compendex 37. Accession number: 20131116114838 Title: Load sharing characteristics analysis of dual power-split gear train based on loaded tooth contact analysis Authors: Dong, Hao1 ; Fang, Zongde1 ; Wang, Baobin1 ; Du, Jinfu1 Author affiliation: 1 School of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China Corresponding author: Dong, H. (donghaofane@sina.com) Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume: 44 Issue: 2 Issue date: February 2013 Publication year: 2013 Pages: 248-254 Language: Chinese ISSN: 10001298 CODEN: NUYCA3 Document type: Journal article (JA) Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China Abstract: In order to research load sharing characteristics of the dual power-split gear train, the mechanical structure model was established. With the method of the tooth contact analysis and loaded tooth contact analysis, the actual meshing process of gear pair was simulated and the time-varying mesh stiffness was obtained, which can enhance the precision of the computation. According to the closed-loop characteristic of the power flow of the system, the reverse angle deformation coordination conditions were deduced, which were combined with the mechanical equilibrium equations and elastic support conditions to calculate the transfer torque and load sharing coefficient of system. The influences of errors on the power split characteristics were analyzed. It provided an important role in the reference for the design of the dual power-split transmission system. Number of references: 16 Main heading: Electric power transmission Controlled terms: Deformation - Mechanical drives Uncontrolled terms: Characteristics analysis - Closed-loop - Deformation coordination - Dual power-split - Elastic supports - Gear pairs - Gear train - Load sharing - Loaded tooth contact analysis - Mechanical equilibrium - Mechanical structures - Meshing process - Power flows - Power splits - Power-split transmission - Time-varying mesh stiffness - Tooth contact analysis Classification code: 421 Strength of Building Materials; Mechanical Properties - 422 Strength of Building Materials; Test Equipment and Methods - 602.1 Mechanical Drives - 706.1.1 Electric Power Transmission DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2013.02.045 Database: Compendex 38. Accession number: 20131116114819 Title: Design of wireless sensor node in cold chain transportation monitoring Authors: Jia, Kejin1 ; Qian, Chunyang2 ; Han, Yu2 ; Du, Taihang2 ; Wang, Gang3 ; Zhang, Zihan3 Author affiliation: 1 School of Information Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China 2 School of Control Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China 3 Tianjin Tiance Packaging Design Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300162, China Corresponding author: Jia, K. (jwuser@126.com) Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume: 44 Issue: 2 Issue date: February 2013 Publication year: 2013 Pages: 136-141 Language: Chinese ISSN: 10001298 CODEN: NUYCA3 Document type: Journal article (JA) Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China Abstract: The design of wireless sensor node in cold chain logistics was introduced, which solved the problem as high power consumption, channel collision and network complexity in cold chain logistics monitoring applications. Choosing MSP430F149 as the core processor and SHT11, PT1000 as temperature and humidity sensors, it can precisely collect data of temperature and humidity in different accuracy requirement. The wireless transmission was realized by SX1212. A kind of self-organized wireless protocol of star-shape was designed, in which physical layer was designed to fit the characteristics of cold chain logistics and the fusion of synergetic integration of binary tree and dynamic framed slotted ALOHA algorithm was used to avoid collision. Tests showed that the node had the advantage on ultra low power consumption and the rapid organizing of networks and it works well in cold chain logistic. The wireless sensor node can meet the requirement of cold chain logistics. Number of references: 12 Main heading: Low power electronics Controlled terms: Binary trees - Complex networks - Network layers - Sensor nodes Uncontrolled terms: Channel collision - Cold chain - Cold chain logistics - Core processors - Dynamic framed-slotted alohas - High power consumption - Low-power consumption - Monitoring applications - MSP430F149 - Network complexity - Node - Physical layers - Synergetic integration - Temperature and humidities - Temperature and humidity sensor - Ultra-low power consumption - Wireless protocol - Wireless sensor - Wireless sensor node - Wireless transmissions Classification code: 723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 722 Computer Systems and Equipment - 718 Telephone Systems and Related Technologies; Line Communications - 717 Optical Communication - 716 Telecommunication; Radar, Radio and Television - 715 Electronic Equipment, General Purpose and Industrial - 714 Electronic Components and Tubes - 713 Electronic Circuits DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2013.02.026 Database: Compendex 39. Accession number: 20131116114822 Title: Influences of wine extracted on antioxidant of Antarctic krill during storage Authors: Chi, Hai1 ; Li, Xueying1 ; Yang, Xianshi1 ; Yang, Feng2 ; Tu, Minjian3 Author affiliation: 1 East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200090, China 2 School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China 3 College of Food Science and Engineering, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China Corresponding author: Yang, X. (xianshiyang@126.com) Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume: 44 Issue: 2 Issue date: February 2013 Publication year: 2013 Pages: 153-158 187 Language: Chinese ISSN: 10001298 CODEN: NUYCA3 Document type: Journal article (JA) Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China Abstract: Influences of antioxidant on Antarctic krill during storage at 2°C and 25°C were investigated after pretreatment by different wine extracted solutions (0.1, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 g/L) in the research by testing the indexes of PPO activity, TBARS, color changes and sensory evaluation. The results exhibited that the optimal solutions of wine extracted for antioxidant effectiveness at 2°C and 25°C were 0.1 g/L and 0.5 g/L, respectively. Under the situation, PPO activity, TBARS value and effects of blackening protection of Antarctic krill were better than any other solutions and control group, which could maintain the quality and extend shelf life for Antarctic krill effectively. Changes of A450 value and RGB value have significant correlation with storage time, therefore, those could be considered as the right indexes to reflect the degree of antioxidant. Number of references: 31 Main heading: Wine Controlled terms: Antioxidants - Color - Energy storage Uncontrolled terms: Antarctic krill - Color changes - Control groups - Euphausia superb - Optimal solutions - Pre-Treatment - Sensory evaluation - Shelf life - Storage time - Value and effects Classification code: 702 Electric Batteries and Fuel Cells - 741.1 Light/Optics - 803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 822.3 Food Products DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2013.02.029 Database: Compendex 40. Accession number: 20131116114831 Title: Chlorophyll density inversion of soybean canopy based on multi-angle imaging hyperspectral data Authors: Zhang, Dongyan1, 2 ; Craig, Coburn3 ; Zhao, Jinling2 ; Wang, Xiu2 ; Wang, Zhijie3 ; Liang, Dong1 Author affiliation: 1 Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing, Ministry of Education, Anhui University, Hefei 230039, China 2 Beijing Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing 100097, China 3 Department of Geography, University of Lethbridge, Alberta T1K3M4, Canada Corresponding author: Liang, D. (dliang@ahu.edu.cn) Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume: 44 Issue: 2 Issue date: February 2013 Publication year: 2013 Pages: 205-213 Language: Chinese ISSN: 10001298 CODEN: NUYCA3 Document type: Journal article (JA) Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China Abstract: Hyperspectral images of soybean at different growth stages were collected by using multi-angular observation system in the field. Reflectance spectra of different objectives including soil, soybean plants, and illuminated leaves were extracted and they were used to retrieve the chlorophyll density of soybean canopy by using reflectance spectra at different observation angles, and furthermore explored detailed model inversion effects of soybean group for ground soil, shadow leaves, and angle changes. Studies have been showed that when the angles combination was 0°, 20°, 40° and 60°, there were the highest determination coefficient of 0.834, and the lowest root mean square error of 6.13 for prediction model of chlorophyll density. Meanwhile, the zenith angle and azimuth angle was 40° and 0°, respectively, which had the best inversion model. The changes of zenith angles were the most key factor to affect assessment accuracy of chlorophyll density for soybean canopy. Number of references: 22 Main heading: Oilseeds Controlled terms: Chlorophyll - Mean square error - Plants (botany) - Reflection - Spectroscopy Uncontrolled terms: Assessment accuracy - Azimuth angles - Density inversion - Detailed models - Determination coefficients - Different growth stages - Ground soil - Hyper spectra - Hyper-spectral images - Hyperspectral Data - Inversion - Inversion models - Key factors - Multi-angle - Observation angle - Observation systems - Prediction model - Reflectance spectrum - Root mean square errors - Soybean - Soybean plants - Zenith angle Classification code: 461.9 Biology - 711 Electromagnetic Waves - 731.1 Control Systems - 801 Chemistry - 801.2 Biochemistry - 821.4 Agricultural Products DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2013.02.038 Database: Compendex 41. Accession number: 20131116114826 Title: Image segmentation based on graph theory in multi-color space for maize leaf disease Authors: Hu, Xiaohong1 ; Li, Bingjun2 ; Liu, Fang2 Author affiliation: 1 College of Economics and Management, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China 2 College of Information and Management Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China Corresponding author: Li, B. (zzlbjun@163.com) Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume: 44 Issue: 2 Issue date: February 2013 Publication year: 2013 Pages: 177-181 Language: Chinese ISSN: 10001298 CODEN: NUYCA3 Document type: Journal article (JA) Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China Abstract: To improve the accuracy of machine vision based maize leaf disease segmentation under the background of farmland, a graph theory based approach to maize leaf disease segmentation in multi-color space was proposed. The graph theory was used in different color spaces and the maize leaf disease segmentation was then formulated as a graph segmentation problem in different color spaces. Furthermore, an effective fusion method was applied to update the initial segment result. Experiments on the maize leaf disease showed that the segmentation results were good. The results revealed that the proposed approach was feasible and effective. Number of references: 16 Main heading: Image segmentation Controlled terms: Color - Computer vision - Graph theory - Information fusion Uncontrolled terms: Color space - Fusion methods - Graph segmentation - Leaf disease - Maize disease - Multi-colors - Segmentation results Classification code: 741.1 Light/Optics - 741.2 Vision - 903.1 Information Sources and Analysis - 921.4 Combinatorial Mathematics, Includes Graph Theory, Set Theory DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2013.02.033 Database: Compendex 42. Accession number: 20131116114795 Title: Analysis of obstacles climbing performance for diameter-variable wheel al-terrain-vehicle Authors: Yao, Xiaojiang1 ; Gao, Feng1 ; Zhou, Yu1 ; Chen, Xinbo1 ; Xu, Guoyan1 ; Cui, Ying1 Author affiliation: 1 School of Transportation Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China Corresponding author: Yao, X. (yaoxiaojiang01@163.com) Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume: 44 Issue: 2 Issue date: February 2013 Publication year: 2013 Pages: 6-11 Language: Chinese ISSN: 10001298 CODEN: NUYCA3 Document type: Journal article (JA) Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China Abstract: The obstacle climbing performance was discussed for variable diameter wheel all-terrain-vehicle (ATV) with two kinds of drive mode: rear wheel drive mode and four-wheel drive mode. In RecurdynV7R5 software models of the diameter-variable wheel and a normal tire were built to analyze the climbing obstacles characteristics. On this basis, the vehicle model which would be driven by rear wheel or four wheels mechanical was set up, and the calculation was executed. The results showed that the driving way and the variation of wheel diameter play an important role for obstacle climbing performance. In RecurdynV7R5 software the whole vehicle model with rear wheel drive mode or four wheel drive mode was built, and obstacle climbing performance was simulated in the condition of adjusting the wheel diameter size. Then, the calculation and the simulation were compared. In the end, experimental results verify the reliability between the theoretical calculation and the simulation analysis. Number of references: 11 Main heading: Vehicle wheels Controlled terms: Computer simulation - Landforms - Reliability analysis - Vehicle performance Uncontrolled terms: All-terrain-vehicle - Climbing performance - Drive mode - Four-wheel drives - Obstacle climbing - Rear wheels - Simulation analysis - Software model - Theoretical calculations - Trafficability - Variable diameter - Vehicle model - Whole vehicle models Classification code: 481.1 Geology - 601.2 Machine Components - 663.1 Heavy Duty Motor Vehicles - 723.5 Computer Applications - 913 Production Planning and Control; Manufacturing DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2013.02.002 Database: Compendex 43. Accession number: 20131116114797 Title: 2-DOF dynamic parameters identification for hydraulic excavator arm Authors: Yan, Jun1 ; Li, Bo1 ; Guo, Gang1 ; Tang, Jian1 ; Zhang, Meijun1 Author affiliation: 1 Engineering Institute of Corps of Engineers, PLA University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210007, China Corresponding author: Yan, J. (6219033@163.com) Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume: 44 Issue: 2 Issue date: February 2013 Publication year: 2013 Pages: 17-21 Language: Chinese ISSN: 10001298 CODEN: NUYCA3 Document type: Journal article (JA) Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China Abstract: The 2-DOF dynamic model of these two joint was built by using Euler-Lagrange formulation. It was simplified to a linear-in-parameter mode. The relationship between joint torque and actuator force was deduced by differentiating the function of relationship between the joint angle and cylinder displacement, and friction was introduced into the actuator force. The recursive least square method (RLS) and recursive stochastic Newton algorithm (RSNA) were used to identify the unknown combination parameters respectively. Comparison experiments showed the predictive errors of joint torque of RSNA was reduced by 65% and 63% for the dipper joint and bucket joint respectively. The results demonstrated RSNA was more robust to the system noise. It can identify the dynamic parameters precisely. Number of references: 14 Main heading: Parameter estimation Controlled terms: Actuators - Algorithms - Dynamics - Excavation - Excavators - Identification (control systems) - Stochastic systems Uncontrolled terms: Dynamic parameters - Dynamic parameters identifications - Euler-Lagrange - Hydraulic excavator - Joint angle - Joint torques - Newton algorithm - Predictive error - Recursive least square methods - Stochastic - System noise Classification code: 931.1 Mechanics - 921 Mathematics - 731.1 Control Systems - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 632 Hydraulics, Pneumatics and Related Equipment, and Fluidics - 502.1 Mine and Quarry Operations - 405.1 Construction Equipment DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2013.02.004 Database: Compendex 44. Accession number: 20131116114802 Title: Variable fertilizer control system for deep-fertilization liquid fertilizer applicator Authors: Lang, Chunling1, 2 ; Wang, Jinwu1 ; Wang, Jinfeng1 ; He, Jiannan1 ; Xi, Xiaohuan3 Author affiliation: 1 College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China 2 College of Computer and Information Technology, Heilongjiang Institute of Science and Technology, Harbin 150027, China 3 Hill Pushed Engineering Machinery Co., Ltd., Jining 272073, China Corresponding author: Wang, J. (jinwuw@163.com) Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume: 44 Issue: 2 Issue date: February 2013 Publication year: 2013 Pages: 43-47 62 Language: Chinese ISSN: 10001298 CODEN: NUYCA3 Document type: Journal article (JA) Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China Abstract: A control system for variable rate fertilization, which depends on deep-fertilization liquid fertilizer applicator, was introduced. The single chip microcomputer was used as core processor and electromagnetic proportion regulator valve was used as execution unit. Software was designed for selecting data and sending commands. The test results in the test-bed showed that the system can complete the control of variable rate fertilization and the error of the variable fertilizing was less than 0.5 mL in each time, which meets the liquid fertilizer variables requirement. Number of references: 15 Main heading: Fertilizers Controlled terms: Applicators - Computers - Control systems - Microcomputers Uncontrolled terms: Core processors - Execution units - Liquid fertilizer applicators - Liquid fertilizers - Single chip microcomputers - Variable rate - Variable rate fertilization Classification code: 601 Mechanical Design - 722 Computer Systems and Equipment - 722.4 Digital Computers and Systems - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 731.1 Control Systems - 804 Chemical Products Generally DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2013.02.009 Database: Compendex 45. Accession number: 20131116114837 Title: Design and experiment of double-pitch silent chain for conveyors Authors: Wang, Wencheng1 ; Liu, Xiaolun2 ; Sun, Wei1 ; He, Liyan1 ; Wu, Tiansong1 ; Liu, Jiajun2 Author affiliation: 1 Institute of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130025, China 2 Chain Transmission Institute, Jilin University, Changchun 130025, China Corresponding author: Liu, X. (liuxiaolun_jldx@163.com) Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume: 44 Issue: 2 Issue date: February 2013 Publication year: 2013 Pages: 243-247 Language: Chinese ISSN: 10001298 CODEN: NUYCA3 Document type: Journal article (JA) Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China Abstract: A type of double-pitch silent chain for conveyors was proposed. Its structure was designed and the relative parameters and designed formula were given. And wear test for 200 h was done. The results showed that the ratio of wear elongation of double-pitch silent chain for conveyors was 0.149%, which was shorter than the double-pitch roller chain's, and the design could improve the conveying conditions distinctly. Therefore, the design of double-pitch silent chain for conveyors showed the feasibility of application. Number of references: 13 Main heading: Conveyors Controlled terms: Chains - Design - Experiments Uncontrolled terms: Double-pitch silent chain for conveyors - Pitch changing feature - Roller chains - Rolling joints - Silent chain - Wear test Classification code: 408 Structural Design - 602.1 Mechanical Drives - 692.1 Conveyors - 901.3 Engineering Research DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2013.02.044 Database: Compendex 46. Accession number: 20131116114805 Title: Parameters optimization with human-computer interaction method and experiment of vegetable seedling pick-up mechanism Authors: Ye, Bingliang1 ; Liu, An1 ; Yu, Gaohong1 ; Luo, Chunxiao1 Author affiliation: 1 School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China Corresponding author: Yu, G. (yugh@zstu.edu.cn) Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume: 44 Issue: 2 Issue date: February 2013 Publication year: 2013 Pages: 57-62 Language: Chinese ISSN: 10001298 CODEN: NUYCA3 Document type: Journal article (JA) Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China Abstract: The human-computer interaction optimization method was applied to solve the complicate multi-objective optimization design problem of vegetable seedling automatic pick-up mechanism. After the mechanism optimization mathematic model was established, the Visual Basic-based computer-aided analysis and optimization software was developed. The design variables' impacts on the objectives and constraints were analyzed. The optimization combination of structural parameters meeting the seedling pick-up requirements was obtained. Then, the ADAMS software and high-speed digital video camera and image processing technique were used in simulation experiment and bench experiment for testing its kinematics characteristics. The basically consistency of experimental results and theoretical analysis results showed that the kinematics model and its optimization design theory and methods of the mechanism were correct and reliable. At last, it is proved through seedling pick-up experiment that the mechanism can successfully complete seedling pick-up operation with the success rate of 80%. Number of references: 14 Main heading: Pickups Controlled terms: Computer aided analysis - Design - Experiments - High speed cameras - Human computer interaction - Image processing - Mathematical models - Multiobjective optimization - Software testing - Vegetables - Visual BASIC Uncontrolled terms: Bench experiment - Parameters optimization - Planter - Simulation - Vegetable seedlings Classification code: 921.5 Optimization Techniques - 921 Mathematics - 901.3 Engineering Research - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 752.3.1 Sound Reproduction Equipment - 742.2 Photographic Equipment - 741 Light, Optics and Optical Devices - 723.5 Computer Applications - 723.1.1 Computer Programming Languages - 461.4 Ergonomics and Human Factors Engineering - 408 Structural Design DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2013.02.012 Database: Compendex 47. Accession number: 20131116114807 Title: 3-D numerical simulation and experiment of air-velocity distribution of greenhouse air-assisted sprayer Authors: Qi, Lijun1 ; Wang, Hu1 ; Zhang, Jianhua1 ; Ji, Ronghua2 ; Wang, Jun3 Author affiliation: 1 College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China 2 College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China 3 Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Sciences, Beijing 100083, China Corresponding author: Qi, L. (qilijun@cau.edu.cn) Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao Volume: 44 Issue: 2 Issue date: February 2013 Publication year: 2013 Pages: 69-74 Language: Chinese ISSN: 10001298 CODEN: NUYCA3 Document type: Journal article (JA) Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China Abstract: An air-velocity distribution model of greenhouse air-assisted sprayer was built by means of CFD simulation technique. Experiments were designed for the evaluation of the simulation results. The research showed that the air velocity decreased as the distance increasing from spray nozzle in vertical and horizontal directions. The change of air flow rate at nozzle had no remarkable influence on the characteristic of air-velocity distribution, but enlarged the droplet distribution area significantly. By increasing the nozzle flow rate from 25 m/s to 50 m/s, the blowing distance could be increased from 2.4 m to 3.6 m, the range of air-velocity distribution expanded from 0.20 m to 0.25 m. The contrast of experiment results and simulation results showed that the simulation model built can be an accurate simulation of the air-velocity distribution of a greenhouse air-assisted sprayer. Number of references: 16 Main heading: Air Controlled terms: Computational fluid dynamics - Computer simulation - Experiments - Flow rate - Greenhouses - Spray nozzles - Three dimensional computer graphics - Velocity distribution Uncontrolled terms: 3-D numerical simulation - 3D simulations - Air flow-rate - Air velocities - Air-assisted sprayer - Air-velocity distribution - CFD simulations - Droplet distribution - Nozzle flow - Simulation model - Spray Classification code: 943.2 Mechanical Variables Measurements - 901.3 Engineering Research - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 723.5 Computer Applications - 631.1 Fluid Flow, General - 631 Fluid Flow - 402.1 Industrial and Agricultural Buildings DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2013.02.014 Database: Compendex
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