2022年第3期共收录48篇

1. Mutton Multipartite Real-time Classification and Detection Based on Single-stage Object Detection Algorithm

Accession number: 20221511962210

Title of translation:

Authors: Zhao, Shida (1); Wang, Shucai (1, 2); Hao, Guangzhao (1); Zhang, Yichi (1); Yang, Huajian (3)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan; 430070, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment in Mid-lower Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan; 430070, China; (3) Qingdao Jianhua Food Machinery Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Jiaozhou; 266300, China

Corresponding authors: Wang, Shucai(wsc01@mail.hzau.edu.cn); Wang, Shucai(wsc01@mail.hzau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 53

Issue: 3

Issue date: March 25, 2022

Publication year: 2022

Pages: 400-411

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Aiming at the problem that mutton multipartite needs to be further classified and detected in the conveyor belt scene, a real-time classification and detection method for mutton splits based on a single-stage object detection algorithm was proposed. In the sheep slaughter workshop environment, multiple types and multiple mutton split images were collected. After image augmentation and normalization, a mutton multipartite image data set was established, including 7 200 training sets, 1 400 test sets, and 400 verification sets. Using the single-stage object detection algorithm YOLO v3 to introduce transfer learning to train the mutton multipartite image data set and obtain the optimal model. Based on the optimal model, the category and position of each mutton split in the image were returned, so as to realize the classification and detection of mutton multipartite. The average accuracy mAP and the average detection time of a single image were selected as the accuracy and speed indicators for judging the detection effect of the model. Then, the detection speed was optimized by replacing the feature extraction network of the mutton multipartite recognition model. In addition, an additional illumination data set containing two brightness levels of “bright” and “dark” and an additional occlusion data set representing the occlusion situation of mutton were set to verify the generalization ability and anti-interference ability of the optimized model, and the robustness of the optimized model was tested through the neck and abdominal rib with obvious multi-scale features. Finally, four commonly used object detection algorithms: Mask R-CNN, Faster R-CNN, Cascade R-CNN, and SSD were introduced to conduct comparative experiments on different data sets. On this basis, the feature extraction network was further replaced with MobileNet V1, ResNet34 and ResNet50 to verify the optimized model’s comprehensive testing capabilities. The test results showed that the detection speed of the optimized model was 48.53% higher than that of the original model. At the same time, it had strong generalization ability and anti-interference ability for multi-part recognition of mutton under complex environment of light and shading, and it had good robustness to the mutton multi-part detection with multi-scale features. It was optimized for the verification set of mutton multipartite image. The mAP value of the optimization model reached 88.05%, and the processing time of a single image was 64.7 ms, the comprehensive detection ability was better than that of other algorithms, which indicating that this method had high detection accuracy and good real-time performance, and can meet actual production needs. © 2022, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 29

Main heading: Object detection

Controlled terms: Belt conveyors  -  Classification (of information)  -  Extraction  -  Feature extraction  -  Meats  -  Object recognition  -  Optimization  -  Signal detection  -  Statistical tests

Uncontrolled terms: Data set  -  Image datasets  -  Mutton multipartite  -  Object detection algorithms  -  Optimal model  -  Optimisations  -  Optimized models  -  Real- time  -  Single stage  -  YOLO v3

Classification code: 692.1 Conveyors  -  716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing  -  723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing  -  802.3 Chemical Operations  -  822.3 Food Products  -  903.1 Information Sources and Analysis  -  921.5 Optimization Techniques  -  922.2 Mathematical Statistics

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 4.853E+01%, Percentage 8.805E+01%, Time 6.47E-02s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2022.03.043

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2022 Elsevier Inc.

2. Motion Characteristics of Maize Mixture on Bionic Screen Based on Earthworm Motion Characteristics

Accession number: 20221511962132

Title of translation:

Authors: Wang, Lijun (1); Yu, Yongtao (1); Zhang, Shuai (1); Song, Lianglai (1); Feng, Xin (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 53

Issue: 3

Issue date: March 25, 2022

Publication year: 2022

Pages: 158-166

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: To explore the motion characteristics of maize mixture on the bionic screen designed based on the earthworm motion characteristics, the non-harmonic motion of the bionic screen in EDEM was realized by using API, and computational fluid dynamics and discrete element method (CFD-DEM) were coupled to simulate the motion of maize mixture under the combined action of airflow and bionic screen. The mechanism of maize mixture migrated on bionic screen was clarified by analyzing their screening process. The horizontal migration and vertical stratification of maize mixture in different areas of bionic screen were studied. The numerical simulation results showed that the average horizontal velocity of maize grain, cob, and stalk on the bionic screen was 0.63 m/s, 1.60 m/s and 2.51 m/s, respectively, which was conducive to the horizontal separation and dispersion of maize grains and impurities along the screen surface. The average horizontal velocity of the maize mixture in the front of the screen was the fastest, which was 1.71 m/s, indicating that the bionic screen could make the maize mixture migrate backward rapidly in the front of the screen to reduce the accumulation at the feeding end. When the maize mixture moved from the middle to the tail of the screen, the average vertical displacement of maize grain was decreased from 40.20 mm to 19.59 mm, and the average vertical displacements of the cob and stalk were increased from 54.47 mm and 71.31 mm to 64.31 mm and 77.01 mm, respectively. From bottom to top, the maize mixture on the screen was maize grain, cob, and stalk, respectively. With the maize mixture migrating backward, the vertical stratification of maize grain and impurity became more apparent. The motion state of the maize mixture on the bionic screen and their horizontal velocity changed were analyzed by the high-speed camera, which was basically consistent with numerical simulation results. The mechanism of maize mixture migrated on bionic screen was verified. When the inlet airflow velocity of cleaning device of the bionic screen was 12.8 m/s, and its airflow direction angle was 25°. The maximum concave depth of the screen surface was 50 mm, and the rotational speed of the cams were 120 r/min. The loss percentage and impurity percentage of maize grain of the bionic screen was 0.61% and 1.94%, respectively, which met the requirements of the national standard. The research result can provide a reference for parameter optimization and the exploration of flexible screening mechanisms of the maize bionic screen based on the earthworm motion characteristics. © 2022, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 25

Main heading: Mixtures

Controlled terms: Air  -  Bionics  -  Cleaning  -  Computational fluid dynamics  -  Finite difference method  -  Grain (agricultural product)  -  High speed cameras  -  Numerical models  -  Velocity

Uncontrolled terms: Bionic  -  Computational fluid dynamic and discrete element method  -  Discrete elements method  -  Dynamic element method  -  Horizontal velocity  -  Maize mixture  -  Motion characteristics  -  Screen of corn cleaning  -  Vertical displacements  -  Vertical stratification

Classification code: 461.1 Biomedical Engineering  -  723.5 Computer Applications  -  742.2 Photographic Equipment  -  802.3 Chemical Operations  -  804 Chemical Products Generally  -  821.4 Agricultural Products  -  921 Mathematics  -  921.6 Numerical Methods  -  931.1 Mechanics

Numerical data indexing: Angular velocity 2.004E+00rad/s, Percentage 1.94E+00%, Percentage 6.10E-01%, Size 4.02E-02m to 1.959E-02m, Size 5.00E-02m, Size 5.447E-02m, Size 7.131E-02m to 6.431E-02m, Size 7.701E-02m, Velocity 1.28E+01m/s, Velocity 1.60E+00m/s, Velocity 1.71E+00m/s, Velocity 2.51E+00m/s, Velocity 6.30E-01m/s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2022.03.015

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2022 Elsevier Inc.

3. Stall Characteristics of Vertical Volute Centrifugal Pump at Different Guide Vane Openings

Accession number: 20221511962282

Title of translation:

Authors: Zhang, Desheng (1); Yang, Xueqi (1); Yang, Gang (1); Xu, Bin (1); Zhao, Ruijie (1)

Author affiliation: (1) National Research Center of Pumps and Pumping System, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang; 212013, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 53

Issue: 3

Issue date: March 25, 2022

Publication year: 2022

Pages: 175-182

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: The vertical volute centrifugal pump is widely used in the long-distance water division project. Flow separation and vortex phenomenon can be observed in the vertical volute centrifugal pump at stall operating conditions. This kind of unsteady flow structures would result in the instability of the pump unit which affects the safety and reliability of the unit operation. In order to obtain the relationship between the stall characteristics of the pump and the different guide vane openings, a comparative study of the guide vane openings and the stall phenomenon of the vertical volute centrifugal pump was carried out. Based on the SST-SAS turbulence model with refined mesh, the unsteady flow patterns and induced pressure fluctuation in the pump were simulated under the conditions of small opening, optimal opening and large opening of the guide vane, and the influence of the guide vane opening on the stall characteristics of the vertical volute centrifugal pump was analyzed. The research results showed that the SST turbulence model combined with the selected grid can be validated in the experimental verification during the steady calculation. The performance results predicted by the SST-SAS turbulence model showed quite good agreement with the experimental data, and the prediction errors were less than 5%. The stall characteristic operating points were the same at different guide vane openings. The flow-head curve showed a typical hump area, but the positive slope corresponding to the flow-head curve was the largest when the guide vane opening was small, and the smallest when the guide vane opening was large. Under the three kinds of guide vane openings, the vortex in the vaneless area between the guide and stay vanes was serious, and the flow separation on the working surface of the stay vane continued to spread to the back of the adjacent stay vane. At the same time, the distribution law of fluid entropy production rate in the impeller was significantly different at different openings under the deep stall condition. As the opening of the guide vane increased, the flow separation area in the impeller blade near the shroud was enlarged. And under the conditions of the optimal opening and large opening, a large velocity gradient appeared in the middle section of the impeller blade near the impeller flow channel exit, the characteristics of high local entropy production rate were caused. The main frequency of the pressure fluctuation under the deep stall condition at small opening was the blade passing frequency 7fn, while the main frequency at the optimal opening was 0.9fn, and the corresponding amplitude of the frequency was large in the range of 0.7fn~1.2fn at the large opening. The pressure fluctuation at the large opening showed broadband characteristics. Through the unsteady numerical simulation results, it was found that the appearance of low-frequency pressure fluctuation was closely related to the periodic large-scale vortices in the vane diffuser. © 2022, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 25

Main heading: Flow patterns

Controlled terms: Centrifugal pumps  -  Channel flow  -  Entropy  -  Flow separation  -  Impellers  -  Turbulence models  -  Unsteady flow  -  Vortex flow

Uncontrolled terms: Condition  -  Deep stall  -  Entropy production rates  -  Guide vane openings  -  Guide-vane  -  Impeller blades  -  Large openings  -  Pressure fluctuation  -  Stall  -  Vertical volute centrifugal pump

Classification code: 601.2 Machine Components  -  618.2 Pumps  -  631 Fluid Flow  -  631.1 Fluid Flow, General  -  641.1 Thermodynamics

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 5.00E+00%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2022.03.017

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2022 Elsevier Inc.

4. Mechanism of Magnetization Treatment of Sandy Water to Relieve Clogging of Dripper

Accession number: 20221511962157

Title of translation:

Authors: Niu, Wenquan (1, 2); Zhao, Xue (1, 3); Wang, Zhaoxi (1, 3); Zhang, Wenqian (1, 3); Lü, Chang (1, 3); Dong, Aihong (1, 3)

Author affiliation: (1) Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; 712100, China; (2) Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling; 712100, China; (3) College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; 712100, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 53

Issue: 3

Issue date: March 25, 2022

Publication year: 2022

Pages: 346-356

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to explore the influence of the magnetization treatment of sediment laden water on the settlement of suspended sediment in drip irrigation pipe network, and reveal the mechanism of mitigating the clogging of the dripper by the magnetization of sandy water, taking the inner patch type labyrinth flow channel dripper as the research object, four kinds of magnetization (0 T, 0.2 T, 0.4 T, 0.6 T) and four kinds of sediment particle size gradation (0~0.100 mm, 0.075~0.100 mm, 0.038~0.075 mm and 0~0.038 mm) sediment were set, the sediment mass concentration was 1.0 g/L and 3.0 g/L, short-period intermittent irrigation test and flocculation sedimentation test were carried out, and the capillary siltation was detected by MS2000 laser particle size analyzer, water quality tester and Ubbelohde viscometer. The mechanical composition of the sediment, the conductivity and the viscosity coefficient of the test muddy water were analyzed from multiple angles. The results showed that magnetization treatment significantly slowed down the downward trend of emitter flow and irrigation uniformity (p © 2022, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 42

Main heading: Flocculation

Controlled terms: Channel flow  -  Irrigation  -  Magnetization  -  Particle size  -  Particle size analysis  -  Sedimentation  -  Suspended sediments  -  Turbidity  -  Water quality

Uncontrolled terms: Dripper clogging  -  Flocculation and sedimentation  -  Flocculation settlement  -  Irrigation uniformity  -  Magnetization intensities  -  Magnetization treatment  -  Particle size gradations  -  Sediment particle size  -  Sediment particle size gradation  -  Sediment-laden water

Classification code: 445.2 Water Analysis  -  483 Soil Mechanics and Foundations  -  631.1 Fluid Flow, General  -  701.2 Magnetism: Basic Concepts and Phenomena  -  741.1 Light/Optics  -  802.3 Chemical Operations  -  821.3 Agricultural Methods  -  951 Materials Science

Numerical data indexing: Magnetic flux density 0.00E00T, Magnetic flux density 2.00E-01T, Magnetic flux density 4.00E-01T, Magnetic flux density 6.00E-01T, Mass density 1.00E00kg/m3, Mass density 3.00E+00kg/m3, Percentage 1.149E+01%, Percentage 1.741E+01%, Percentage 1.771E+01%, Percentage 2.944E+01%, Percentage 4.727E+01%, Size 0.00E00m to 1.00E-04m, Size 0.00E00m to 3.00E-05m, Size 0.00E00m to 3.80E-05m, Size 3.80E-05m to 7.50E-05m, Size 7.50E-05m to 1.00E-04m, Time 7.20E+03s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2022.03.037

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2022 Elsevier Inc.

5. Evaluation of Spectral Imaging-based Spatial Predictions of Freshness Spatial Distribution over Pork

Accession number: 20221511962165

Title of translation:

Authors: Zhao, Maocheng (1); Wu, Zeben (1); Wang, Xiwei (1, 2); Xing, Xiaoyang (1); Chen, Jiaxin (1); Tang, Yuweiyi (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing; 210037, China; (2) National-provincial Joint Engineering Research Center of Electromechanical Product Packaging with Biomaterials, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing; 210037, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 53

Issue: 3

Issue date: March 25, 2022

Publication year: 2022

Pages: 412-422

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Since the unavailability of local reference freshness values at individual pixels, a direct validation is impossible for the spatial distribution of pork freshness, i.e., the freshness maps visualized through applying the chemometric models that are trained on average spectra of regions of interest (ROI) to the spectra at individual pixels within the ROIs. Therefore, a dual-criteria evaluation of the freshness maps that were produced through different chemometric systems coupled with varied spectral filtering on both accuracy and precision was proposed. The former was quantified by the coefficient of determination of prediction (RP2) and the root mean square error of prediction between the chemical reference of ROIs and the average of the predictions at all individual pixels therein. The latter was quantified with the ratio of the pixels having negative TVB-N values to those of the ROI for a given subject, since the non-negativity according to the theoretical range of the freshness measurement. A bank of drastically different freshness maps of the same batch of pork were produced by using partial least squares regression (PLSR), over the visual/near infrared spectral range over 550~970 nm, both before and after spectral filtering using ideal average smoothing filters with five different bandwidths of 6 nm, 18 nm, 30 nm, 42 nm, and 54 nm, respectively. The full range of consecutive wavebands, as well as 20 or 6 feature bands which were selected by successive projection algorithm (SPA), were used to form a collection of 18 combinations of bandwidth and the number of spectral bands to build chemometric models. Drastic difference resulted between the 18 approaches to visualization of freshness distribution. Analysis result showed, however, that all freshness maps were of good accuracy, equal to that of the chemometric models despite the lower quality of the spectra at individual pixels, even after spectral filtering, than those used in the training of models. And the precision of spatial predictions of freshness seemed to be co-determined by both spectra quality at individual pixels and the waveband-gains of chemometric models, and dominated by the former, R=0.72. It may be concluded that the spatial distributive predictions from imaging chemometrics can be objectively evaluated according to the statistics of the local predictions at pixels and the theoretic range of quality-indicating attributes; accuracy of quality-indicating maps, predicted on spectra at pixels, would not change from that of a linear chemometric system; better precision of spatial distribution prediction could be expected if spectral signal-to-noise ratio at pixels was improved and a chemometric model’s gains of wavebands were low. © 2022, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 27

Main heading: Forecasting

Controlled terms: Bandwidth  -  Least squares approximations  -  Mean square error  -  Meats  -  Pixels  -  Quality control  -  Spatial distribution  -  Spectroscopy

Uncontrolled terms: Chemometric modeling  -  Chemometrices  -  Evaluation  -  Freshness  -  Region-of-interest  -  Regions of interest  -  Spatial prediction  -  Spectra’s  -  Spectral filtering  -  Wavebands

Classification code: 405.3 Surveying  -  716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing  -  822.3 Food Products  -  902.1 Engineering Graphics  -  913.3 Quality Assurance and Control  -  921 Mathematics  -  921.6 Numerical Methods  -  922.2 Mathematical Statistics

Numerical data indexing: Size 1.80E-08m, Size 3.00E-08m, Size 4.20E-08m, Size 5.40E-08m, Size 5.50E-07m to 9.70E-07m, Size 6.00E-09m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2022.03.044

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2022 Elsevier Inc.

6. Design and Experiment of V-shaped Orchard Anti-drift Spray Device with Multi-airflow Cooperation

Accession number: 20221511962304

Title of translation: V

Authors: Fan, Guiju (1, 2); Niu, Chengqiang (1, 2); Zhang, Zhenming (3); Wang, Dongwei (4); Mao, Wenhua (5); Jiang, Honghua (3)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an; 271018, China; (2) Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Machinery and Equipment, Tai’an; 271018, China; (3) College of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an; 271018, China; (4) College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao; 266109, China; (5) Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Sciences Group Co., Ltd., Beijing; 100083, China

Corresponding author: Jiang, Honghua(j_honghua@sdau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 53

Issue: 3

Issue date: March 25, 2022

Publication year: 2022

Pages: 138-147

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to improve the deposition in the target area of orchard wind-fed spray and reduce the drift of fog drops between rows, a V-shaped anti-drift spray device with multi-airflow cooperation was designed on the basis of conventional airflow assisted spray. CFD simulation was used to verify the anti-flapping effect. The simulation results showed that the droplet deposition area of multi-airflow was more concentrated than that of single air flow, and the droplet escape rate was reduced by 40.3%. The feasibility of anti-drift and droplet uniformity test under multi-airflow and single airflow were carried out. The results showed that the droplet drift rate, quality center distance and droplet deposition distribution coefficient of variation were reduced by 29.2%, 25.2% and 30.2% compared with single airflow, respectively. The wind speed in the V-shape wind field, the wind speed in the crosswind and the spray pressure were taken as factors. Single-factor and three-factor and three-level fog droplet drift deposition experiments were carried out in apple tree canopy. The influence law of multi-ariflow V-shaped wind field on fog drop canopy deposition was analyzed. The results showed that when the crosswind speed was 3 m/s, the deposition density and deposition amount of fog droplets under the synergistic action of multiple flows were increased by 28.7% and 17.4%, and the drift amount was decreased by 21.8%, respectively, compared with single ariflow. The three factors had significant influence on the droplet deposition characteristics. The influence degree from large to small was the wind speed in V-shaped wind field, the wind speed in crosswind, and spray pressure. The optimal model for predicting droplet deposition was established by response surface. When the crosswind speed was 2 m/s, the spray pressure was 0.52 MPa, the wind speed was 21.8 m/s in the V-shaped wind field, the optimal value of fog droplet deposition was 4.81 μL/cm2. The result of field experiment was 4.72 μL/cm2, which was consistent with the prediction of fog droplet deposition model. © 2022, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 30

Main heading: Wind

Controlled terms: Computational fluid dynamics  -  Deposition  -  Drops  -  Fog  -  Orchards  -  Speed  -  Surface properties

Uncontrolled terms: Anti-drift spray  -  CFD simulations  -  Deposition areas  -  Droplet deposition  -  Multi-airflow  -  Orchard  -  Response surface  -  Spray pressure  -  Wind field  -  Wind speed

Classification code: 443.1 Atmospheric Properties  -  723.5 Computer Applications  -  802.3 Chemical Operations  -  821.3 Agricultural Methods  -  931.1 Mechanics  -  931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids  -  951 Materials Science

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.74E+01%, Percentage 2.18E+01%, Percentage 2.52E+01%, Percentage 2.87E+01%, Percentage 2.92E+01%, Percentage 3.02E+01%, Percentage 4.03E+01%, Pressure 5.20E+05Pa, Velocity 2.00E+00m/s, Velocity 2.18E+01m/s, Velocity 3.00E+00m/s, Volume 4.72E-03m3, Volume 4.81E-03m3

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2022.03.013

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2022 Elsevier Inc.

7. Design and Experiment of Loading Elevator of Self-propelled TMR Preparation Mixer

Accession number: 20221511962179

Title of translation:

Authors: Chen, Zhaoying (1, 2); Wang, Baoxing (1, 2); Fan, Guoqiang (1, 2); Dong, Heyin (3, 4); Wang, Zhongyu (1, 2); Wang, Yuliang (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an; 271018, China; (2) Shandong Provincial Intelligent Engineering Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment, Tai’an; 271018, China; (3) Taian Yimeite Machinery Co., Ltd., Xintai; 271215, China; (4) Taian Animal Husbandry Intelligent Equipment Industry Technology Research Institute, Xintai; 271215, China

Corresponding authors: Fan, Guoqiang(fgq1217@163.com); Fan, Guoqiang(fgq1217@163.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 53

Issue: 3

Issue date: March 25, 2022

Publication year: 2022

Pages: 148-157

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Due to the lack of research on loading mechanism, preventing blockage, and optimization methods for self-propelled TMR preparation mixer, a theoretical model of loading operations was established. The key factors, such as reclaiming width, rotation radius of cutter, installation pitch of cutter, distribution of cutter, rotation speed of feeding drum, feed rate of each blade, material ejection speed, incident angle of particle and size of the conveyor belt were designed and calculated. In order to measure the relationship between the cutting edge length of blade and the reclaiming width, a concept of the length ratio of cutting edge C was proposed, and C was taken as 1.25. EDEM was used to simulate the key factors such as the feed speed and the rotation speed to reclaim silage. The analysis showed that due to the large gap between the spiral blade and the shield, the material was rotated at a high speed with the cutter and the drum, and the reflux ratio was high. With the increase of feed speed, the reclaiming efficiency was increased, but the reflux ratio was increased at the same time. When the feed speed was 4 m/min, the reflux ratio was up to 50.05%, which would cause excessive cutting of silage and large energy consumption. With the increase of rotation speed, the efficiency was increased and the reflux ratio was decreased, but the driving torque was increased greatly when the rotation speed exceeded 230 r/min. Therefore, a medium feed speed and rotation speed should be adopted.By increasing the installation pitch of cutter, the diversion angle of the back of drum shield and the incident angle of the particle, the reclaiming efficiency can be improved and the reflux rate can be reduced. When the feed speed was 2.5 m/min, the rotation speed was 230 r/min, conclusions of simulation and experiment of the optimized device were basically the same. Simulation analysis showed that the power consumption was reduced by 64%, no blockage and engine stalling occurred during the test. The reclaiming width was 2 000 mm, the reclaiming height was 5 050 mm, the reclaiming efficiency was 75.02 m3/h, and the reflux rate was 28.95%. © 2022, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 20

Main heading: Energy utilization

Controlled terms: Belt conveyors  -  Elevators  -  Mixers (machinery)  -  Particle size analysis  -  Rotation  -  Speed

Uncontrolled terms: Cutting edges  -  Feed speed  -  Incident angles  -  Key factors  -  Loading elevator  -  Preparation mixer  -  Reflux ratio  -  Rotation speed  -  Silage  -  Total mixed ration

Classification code: 525.3 Energy Utilization  -  692.1 Conveyors  -  692.2 Elevators  -  931.1 Mechanics  -  951 Materials Science

Numerical data indexing: Angular velocity 3.841E+00rad/s, Percentage 2.895E+01%, Percentage 5.005E+01%, Percentage 6.40E+01%, Size 0.00E00m, Size 2.50E+00m, Size 4.00E+00m, Size 5.00E-02m, Size 7.502E+01m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2022.03.014

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2022 Elsevier Inc.

8. Design and Experiment of Pneumatic Conveying Device for Seedlings of Peanut Harvester

Accession number: 20221511962312

Title of translation:

Authors: Wang, Bokai (1, 2); Zhang, Peng (1, 2); Cao, Mingzhu (1, 2); Gu, Fengwei (1, 2); Wu, Feng (1, 2); Hu, Zhichao (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) Nanjing Institute of Agricultural Mechanization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing; 210014, China; (2) Sino-US Peanut Production Engineering Technology Union Laboratory, Nanjing; 210014, China

Corresponding authors: Hu, Zhichao(nfzhongzi@163.com); Hu, Zhichao(nfzhongzi@163.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 53

Issue: 3

Issue date: March 25, 2022

Publication year: 2022

Pages: 126-137

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Peanut is rich in nutrition, which is a high-quality feed resource and plays an important role in increasing the economic added value of peanut industry. The annual output of peanut seedlings in China is huge. However, there are some problems in the operation of peanut pickers in the main peanut producing areas in China, such as low efficiency and poor reliability in transporting and collecting residual seedlings, which leads to a large number of residual seedlings being left in the fields, which not only wastes resources, but also increases the post-treatment cost. Therefore, it is of great significance to improve the quality and effect of transporting residual seedlings of the pickup harvester for increasing the added value of peanut production. Aiming at the practical problem of peanut seedling waste caused by the lack of efficient and smooth residual seedling conveying and collecting device in peanut picker operation, in order to improve residual seedling conveying efficiency and reduce residual seedling waste, a residual seedling pneumatic conveying device was designed. The working principle of pneumatic conveying device for residual seedlings was expounded, the relationship between equations and key parameters of pneumatic conveying device for residual seedlings was determined, and the influence of conveying airflow and key structure on the speed of residual seedlings was analyzed. Through Box-Behnken experimental design and DEM-CFD gas-solid coupling simulation, the effects of left fan speed, main conveying pipe height and right fan speed on the conveying efficiency of residual seedlings were analyzed. The results showed that the order of influence of conveying efficiency was left fan speed, right fan speed and main conveying pipe height, and the optimal combination was as follows: left fan speed of 1 550 r/min, right fan speed of 1 200 r/min and main conveying pipe height of 2.08 m. Under the optimal parameter combination, in the main conveying pipe of the pneumatic conveying device for residual seedlings, even mixing and efficient conveying of residual seedlings and airflow can be effectively realized, and the corresponding average conveying efficiencies of Qinghua No.6 and Zhuhua No.2 were 1 533.56 kg/h and 1 451.52 kg/h, respectively, which were 9.57% and 8.61% higher than those before optimization. © 2022, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 28

Main heading: Oilseeds

Controlled terms: Efficiency  -  Harvesters  -  Pneumatics  -  Speed

Uncontrolled terms: Annual output  -  Conveying efficiency  -  Conveying pipes  -  Economic added value  -  Fan speed  -  High quality  -  Peanut harvester  -  Pneumatic conveying  -  Pneumatic conveying device for seedling

Classification code: 632.3 Pneumatics  -  821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment  -  821.4 Agricultural Products  -  913.1 Production Engineering

Numerical data indexing: Angular velocity 3.34E+00rad/s, Angular velocity 9.185E+00rad/s, Mass 4.5152E+02kg, Mass 5.3356E+02kg, Percentage 8.61E+00%, Percentage 9.57E+00%, Size 2.08E+00m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2022.03.012

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2022 Elsevier Inc.

9. Carbon Assimilation-based Plant Population Photosynthetic Rate Measurement System

Accession number: 20221511962163

Title of translation:

Authors: Zhang, Junhua (1, 2); Chen, Danyan (1, 2); Lu, Youqi (1, 3); Sun, Zhangtong (1, 2); Zhang, Haihui (1, 3); Hu, Jin (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; 712100, China; (2) Key Laboratory for Agricultural Internet of Things, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling; 712100, China; (3) Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural Information Perception and Intelligent Service, Yangling; 712100, China

Corresponding authors: Hu, Jin(hujin007@nwsuaf.edu.cn); Hu, Jin(hujin007@nwsuaf.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 53

Issue: 3

Issue date: March 25, 2022

Publication year: 2022

Pages: 357-367

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Single-leaf photosynthetic rate significantly affected by leaf location, leaf aging, and environment is insufficient to characterize the photosynthetic capacity and material accumulation efficiency of the entire plant. A plant population photosynthetic rate measurement system (PPPMS) was developed based on the carbon assimilation process using a transparent assimilation box. The PPPMS collected the data on light intensity, CO2 concentration, temperature and humidity in the assimilation box using a high-precision light radiation sensor and SCD30 to achieve the accurate control of the light environment, measurement of the carbon assimilation process, temperature and humidity control and so on. The synchronous experiment was carried out with the LI-6800 closed-circuit carbon assimilation measurement system, and the population photosynthetic rate was determined using linear fitting with the CO2 changes. The performances of the PPPMS and the detection accuracy of carbon assimilation process were evaluated at various lights, temperatures and crop types. The findings revealed that the system’s air tightness and light regulation accuracy were satisfactory, with the maximum air leakage rate of 0.047 3 μmol/(mol•min), the maximum single air leakage (6 min) of 0.283 8 μmol/mol. And the average standard deviation of light regulation accuracy was 2.71 μmol/(m2•s), which can meet the detection of plant carbon assimilation process. In the linear correlation analysis, the R2 of CO2 exchange capacity fitting of single and multiple lettuces were 0.988 and 0.874, respectively, with the root mean square error (RMSE) of 5.82 μmol/mol and 5.80 μmol/mol, while the fitting R2 of tomato was 0.952, and the RMSE was 3.39 μmol/mol. The results showed that the system’s measurement performance was comparable to that of LI-6800 system, and the detection performance in upright plants was superior to that of leafy vegetables. Under varied temperatures and lighting, the average mean absolute errors (MAEs) of tomato and lettuce computed by light response curves between the PPPMS and LI-6800 system were 0.45 μmol/(m2•s) and 0.35 μmol/(m2•s), respectively, and the mean value of fitting R2 was not less than 0.95. It was demonstrated that the method can accurately and consistently measure the plant population’s light response curve. © 2022, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 30

Main heading: Lettuce

Controlled terms: Carbon  -  Carbon dioxide  -  Curve fitting  -  Efficiency  -  Fruits  -  Humidity control  -  Mean square error

Uncontrolled terms: Assimilation box  -  Carbon assimilation  -  CO 2 exchange  -  Exchange capacities  -  Measurement system  -  Net CO2 exchange capacity  -  Photosynthetic rate  -  Plant population  -  Population photosynthetic rate  -  Rate measurements

Classification code: 804 Chemical Products Generally  -  804.2 Inorganic Compounds  -  821.4 Agricultural Products  -  913.1 Production Engineering  -  921.6 Numerical Methods  -  922.2 Mathematical Statistics

Numerical data indexing: Amount of substance 2.71E-06mol, Amount of substance 3.00E-06mol, Amount of substance 3.39E-06mol, Amount of substance 3.50E-07mol, Amount of substance 4.50E-07mol, Amount of substance 5.80E-06mol, Amount of substance 5.82E-06mol, Amount of substance 8.00E-06mol, Time 3.60E+02s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2022.03.038

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2022 Elsevier Inc.

10. Soil Organic Matter Content in Dryland Farmland in Northeast China with Hyperspectral Reflectance Based on CWT-sCARS

Accession number: 20221511962223

Title of translation: CWT-sCARS

Authors: Gou, Yuxuan (1, 2); Zhao, Yunze (1, 2); Li, Yong (1, 2); Zhuo, Zhiqing (3); Cao, Meng (4); Huang, Yuanfang (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100193, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Agricultural Land Quality and Monitoring, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing; 100193, China; (3) Institute of Agricultural Remote Sensing and Information Technology Application, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou; 310058, China; (4) China Construction First Group Company Limited Ecology and Landscape Branch, Beijing; 100071, China

Corresponding authors: Huang, Yuanfang(yfhuang@cau.edu.cn); Huang, Yuanfang(yfhuang@cau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 53

Issue: 3

Issue date: March 25, 2022

Publication year: 2022

Pages: 331-337

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Accurate and efficient acquisition of organic matter content in different types of soil is of great significance to promote the prevention and control of soil degradation and the improvement of cultivated land quality in Northeast China. Totally 118 soil samples were collected from dryland farmland in Northeast China, including black soil, chernozem, fluvo-aquic soil and brown earth. The soil spectral information was obtained by ASD FieldSpec 4 spectrometer (350~2 500 nm). Reciprocal logarithm, first-order differential, continuum removal and continuous wavelet transform were used to preprocess the spectral curves. The relationship between the soil spectral and soil organic matter content was discussed. The optimal variable quantum set was screened by sCARS algorithm, and the partial least squares regression model was established. The results showed that continuous wavelet transform can not only effectively suppress the interference of background and noise, but also can excavate the effective information hidden in the soil spectrum, which greatly improved the correlation between the soil spectrum and organic matter content. Through the sCARS algorithm, redundant and overlapping spectral information variables were effectively removed, and important characteristic information variables related to soil organic matter were extracted, the efficiency of modeling was improved. The best models of black soil, chernozem, fluvo-aquic soil and brown earth were continuous wavelet transform model, with R2 reached 0.83, 0.88, 0.93 and 0.93, respectively. The first-order differential model also had good performance, but the modeling effect of reciprocal logarithm and continuum removal was not good. After continuous wavelet transform, the accuracy and stability of the soil organic matter hyperspectral inversion model were significantly improved. The R2 of the modeling set and validation set was increased by 0.13 and 0.28, and the RMSE was reduced by 2.48 g/kg and 2.40 g/kg, respectively. The continuous wavelet transform combined with the sCARS algorithm provided a way for hyperspectral prediction of soil organic matter, which can realize the rapid and accurate estimation of soil organic matter content. © 2022, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 24

Main heading: Soils

Controlled terms: Biogeochemistry  -  Least squares approximations  -  Organic compounds  -  Regression analysis  -  Wavelet transforms

Uncontrolled terms: Continuous Wavelet Transform  -  Dry farming  -  Dry farming region in northeast china  -  Dry land  -  HyperSpectral  -  Northeast China  -  Organic matter content  -  Soil organic matter contents  -  Soil organic matters  -  Stability competitive adaptive reweighted sampling

Classification code: 481.2 Geochemistry  -  483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics  -  801.2 Biochemistry  -  804.1 Organic Compounds  -  921.3 Mathematical Transformations  -  921.6 Numerical Methods  -  922.2 Mathematical Statistics

Numerical data indexing: Mass 2.40E-03kg, Mass 2.48E-03kg, Size 5.00E-07m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2022.03.035

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2022 Elsevier Inc.

11. Prediction Method of Greenhouse Tomato Transpiration in Early Fruiting Stage Based on RF-GRU

Accession number: 20221511962153

Title of translation: RF-GRU

Authors: Li, Li (1); Li, Wei (1); Geng, Lei (1); Li, Wenjun (2); Sun, Quan (1); Sigrimis, N.A. (3)

Author affiliation: (1) Key Laboratory of Agricultural Information Acquisition Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Smart Agriculture System Integration, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (3) Department of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens; 11855, Greece

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 53

Issue: 3

Issue date: March 25, 2022

Publication year: 2022

Pages: 368-376

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Taking greenhouse tomatoes as the research object, a forecasting method of transpiration of greenhouse tomatoes was proposed based on the real-time data of the Internet of things and random forest (RF) combined with gated recurrent unit (GRU) neural network. Firstly, the main factors affecting transpiration change collected by the sensor were preprocessed and RF was used to order the characteristic importance of the variables affecting the transpiration of tomato in greenhouse. Crop phenotypic parameters, including relative leaf area index, ecological parameters in greenhouse and cultivation environment parameters, including air temperature, relative humidity, light intensity, photosynthetically active radiation, substrate moisture content and substrate temperature were chosen as the input variables of the model. On this basis, a prediction model based on GRU was established to predict the transpiration of tomato. Finally, this model was compared with other models. At the same time, based on this model, a set of intelligent irrigation equipment was developed, which took the substrate water as the irrigation starting point and the predicted transpiration as the irrigation amount. The experimental results fully showed that the RF-GRU model had accurate prediction effect in tomato transpiration prediction and showed good feature learning ability in agricultural big data mining. The determination coefficient (R2), root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE) were 0.949 0, 10.96 g and 5.80 g, respectively. Compared with RF-LSTM and RF-RNN methods, the R2 was increased by 1.46% and 3.78%, the root mean square error was decreased by 1.38 g and 3.24 g, and the mean absolute error was decreased by 1.77 g and 0.14 g, respectively. At the same time, compared with regular irrigation, the intelligent irrigation system designed based on this model reduced the irrigation amount by 20% when the tomato growth was basically the same. This study could provide a reference for the research of greenhouse crop water requirements and it can be applied to water-saving greenhouse irrigation. © 2022, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 29

Main heading: Forecasting

Controlled terms: Crops  -  Cultivation  -  Decision trees  -  Errors  -  Fruits  -  Greenhouses  -  Irrigation  -  Mean square error  -  Transpiration

Uncontrolled terms: Gated recurrent unit  -  Greenhouse tomatoes  -  Intelligent irrigations  -  Irrigation amounts  -  Mean absolute error  -  Prediction methods  -  Random forests  -  Research object  -  Root mean square errors  -  Transpiration prediction

Classification code: 461.9 Biology  -  821.3 Agricultural Methods  -  821.4 Agricultural Products  -  821.6 Farm Buildings and Other Structures  -  921.4 Combinatorial Mathematics, Includes Graph Theory, Set Theory  -  922.2 Mathematical Statistics  -  961 Systems Science

Numerical data indexing: Mass 1.096E-02kg, Mass 1.38E-03kg, Mass 1.40E-04kg, Mass 1.77E-03kg, Mass 3.24E-03kg, Mass 5.80E-03kg, Percentage 1.46E+00%, Percentage 2.00E+01%, Percentage 3.78E+00%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2022.03.039

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2022 Elsevier Inc.

12. Design and Experiment of Shajiang Black Soil Preparation Machine with Double Pressing Roller

Accession number: 20221511962293

Title of translation:

Authors: Chen, Guibin (1, 2); Dong, Chao (1, 2); Zhang, Li (1, 2); Wang, Qingjie (1, 2); He, Jin (1, 2); Li, Hongwen (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Beijing Key Laboratory of Optimized Design for Modern Agricultural Equipment, Beijing; 100083, China

Corresponding authors: Wang, Qingjie(wangqingjie@cau.edu.cn); Wang, Qingjie(wangqingjie@cau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 53

Issue: 3

Issue date: March 25, 2022

Publication year: 2022

Pages: 50-59

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Aiming at the Shajiang black soil tend to become hard soil blocks and there are too many large soil blocks remain on land surface after traditional tillage and rotary tillage, which seriously affects the quality of wheat sowing. A pair of roller extrusion Shajiang black soil preparation machine was designed for solving the mentioned problems. The machine can finish the series work of soil pick-up, screening and transportation, crushing and returning to the field, and flat pressing. The multifunctional material testing machine and high-speed photography were used to study the crushing mode of Shajiang black soil, and the displacement load variation law in the crushing process was obtained. The maximum crushing load was determined to be no more than 900 N. Straight blade, as the key parts of the whole machine structure, its parameters such as the blade inclination angle, blade length, blade rear end height were studied. Through the force analysis of the soil block in the screening conveying device, the angle between the screen plate and the retaining plate was finally believed to be 110 degrees. By researching on the installation parameters of the crushing roller and the rotation speed of the crushing roller in the crushing device, the structure and working parameters of the crushing device were finally identified. There were three comparison through the field experiment: plow+rotary tillage+picking up and breaking (a), plow+picking up and breaking (b), plow+rotary tillage+rotary tillage (c). Comparing the results of a and c, the soil fragmentation rate of a was 89.5%, which was 44.4 percentage points higher than that of mode c. Besides, the number of soil blocks in mode b was 55.3% less than that in mode c. The mean values of standard deviation of surface roughness of mode a, b and c were 6.92, 11.58 and 17.23 mm, respectively, The results showed that the surface evenness of mode a was the best, and the effect of mode b was better than that of mode c. Under certain conditions, the effect of double roller extrusion type soil preparation machine for Shajiang black soils was better than that of rotary tiller. © 2022, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 23

Main heading: Soils

Controlled terms: Agricultural machinery  -  Agriculture  -  Crushing  -  Extrusion  -  High speed photography  -  Plates (structural components)  -  Rollers (machine components)  -  Soil testing  -  Surface roughness

Uncontrolled terms: Black soil  -  Double pressing roller  -  Ground preparation machine  -  Picking up  -  Pressung  -  Roller extrusion  -  Rotary tillages  -  Shajiang black soil  -  Soil blocks  -  Soil preparation

Classification code: 408.2 Structural Members and Shapes  -  483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics  -  601.2 Machine Components  -  742.1 Photography  -  821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control  -  821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment  -  931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids

Numerical data indexing: Force 9.00E+02N, Percentage 5.53E+01%, Percentage 8.95E+01%, Size 1.158E-02m, Size 1.723E-02m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2022.03.005

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2022 Elsevier Inc.

13. Extraction of Crop Height and Cut-edge Information Based on Binocular Vision

Accession number: 20221511962297

Title of translation:

Authors: Wei, Xinhua (1); Zhang, Min (1); Liu, Qingshan (1); Li, Lin (1)

Author affiliation: (1) Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment and Intelligent High Technology Research, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang; 212013, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 53

Issue: 3

Issue date: March 25, 2022

Publication year: 2022

Pages: 225-233

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Crop height and cut-edge are important factors to be considered in unmanned rice wheat combine harvester, because the height of sowing wheel is adjusted according to the crop height and cut-edge provides navigation information. Therefore, field crop height and cut-edge information were extracted based on binocular vision. The 3D data and RGB image were acquired by binocular camera. The 3D data on the flat ground were filtered by voxels and through filters, and the filtered data was fitted to the initial plane by RANSAC algorithm. The real-time plane of harvesting operation was calculated with posture changes of harvester reflected by IMU data, and the 3D data was transformed into the actual height according to the distance from point to plane. An improved method combining density peak clustering and K-means clustering was proposed to classify the height data. At the same time, the RGB image was normalized and then segmented by Otsu algorithm to extract the upper region of crop. The common region of the cluster with the largest cluster center value and the upper crop region were obtained, and the mean value of the height data belonging to the common region was calculated to obtain the crop height. Based on the cross-correlation between the height data series and the model function, the cut-edge points were extracted. The cut-edge points were fitted to the cut-edge line by the least square method. According to the current boundary line, the candidate range of the next frame data cut-edge points was predicted. The heading deviation and lateral deviation were calculated by the cut-edge line. Experiments showed that this method could effectively extract the crop height and cut-edge information, and the mean absolute error of height was 0.043 m and the correct rate of boundary recognition was 93.30% under the complex harvest scenes including sparse, missed cutting and rutting. The average angle error of heading deviation was 1.04°, and the average absolute error of lateral deviation was 0.084 m. Therefore, the method had application value to unmanned self-adaptive control of combine harvester. © 2022, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 23

Main heading: Crops

Controlled terms: Binocular vision  -  Data mining  -  Errors  -  Harvesters  -  Harvesting  -  K-means clustering  -  Least squares approximations  -  Stereo image processing

Uncontrolled terms: 3D data  -  Clusterings  -  Crop height  -  Cross-correlations  -  Cut edge  -  Edge information  -  Edge lines  -  Edge point  -  Lateral deviation  -  RGB images

Classification code: 723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing  -  741.2 Vision  -  821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment  -  821.3 Agricultural Methods  -  821.4 Agricultural Products  -  903.1 Information Sources and Analysis  -  921.6 Numerical Methods

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 9.33E+01%, Size 4.30E-02m, Size 8.40E-02m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2022.03.023

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2022 Elsevier Inc.

14. Design and Experiment of Combined-hole Maize Precision Dibbler

Accession number: 20221511962263

Title of translation:

Authors: Wu, Wanmin (1); Chen, Xuegeng (1, 2); Wang, Shiguo (3); Yan, Limin (1); Jiang, Deli (1); Ji, Chao (3)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi; 832003, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Northwest Agricultural Equipment, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shihezi; 832003, China; (3) Mechanical Equipment Research Institute, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Science, Shihezi; 832000, China

Corresponding authors: Chen, Xuegeng(chenxg130@sina.com); Chen, Xuegeng(chenxg130@sina.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 53

Issue: 3

Issue date: March 25, 2022

Publication year: 2022

Pages: 60-70

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Aiming at the problem that the existing gripper hill-seeder in Xinjiang is easy to hole, and the seed filling performance needs to be further improved, a kind of combination-hole maize precision dibbler metering device was designed combining with the characteristics of wheel hole hill-seeder and stepped hole with strong adaptability to seeds, through theoretical analysis, the relative movement model between the combined-hole and the seed wheel was established, and the influence rule of its relative position on seed filling process was analyzed, and the parameters and range that affected seeding performance was determined, and the parameters of the combined-hole and the truss plate were designed. The single factor test was carried out to determine and narrow the scope of key parameters. The direction angle of hole, location angle of hole and rotating speed of metering device were taken as experimental factors, and taking the qualified index of seed spacing, multiple index and missing index as the test evaluations for three factors and three levels Box-Behnken central combination tests, and the mathematical model between experimental factors and indexes was got. Design-Expert software was used to optimize the regression model. The optimum parameters were as follows: the hole depth was 12.3 mm, the direction angle of hole was 20.3°, the location angle of hole was 44.7°, the rotating speed of metering device was 40 r/min. At this time, the qualified index of seeding was 89.12%, the multiple index was 7.30%, and the missing index was 3.87%. In the optimal parameter combination test, the qualified, the multiple and missing index were 91.14%, 4.23% and 4.63%, respectively. The result of soil bin test showed that the forward speed of seeder was 3.38 km/h, the qualified index for seeding was 92.53%, the multiple index was 3.54%, and the missing index was 3.93%, The qualified index of seeding was increased by 2.53 percentage points compared with the clamping dibbler. © 2022, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 30

Main heading: Rotating machinery

Controlled terms: Regression analysis  -  Wheels

Uncontrolled terms: Combined-hole wheel type  -  Direction angle  -  Experimental factors  -  Maize precision dibble  -  Metering devices  -  Multiple index  -  Parameter optimization  -  Rotating speed  -  Seed filling  -  Wheel-type

Classification code: 601.1 Mechanical Devices  -  601.2 Machine Components  -  922.2 Mathematical Statistics

Numerical data indexing: Angular velocity 6.68E-01rad/s, Percentage 3.54E+00%, Percentage 3.87E+00%, Percentage 3.93E+00%, Percentage 4.23E+00%, Percentage 4.63E+00%, Percentage 7.30E+00%, Percentage 8.912E+01%, Percentage 9.114E+01%, Percentage 9.253E+01%, Size 1.23E-02m, Size 3.38E+03m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2022.03.006

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2022 Elsevier Inc.

15. Design and Experiment of Iateritic Soil Inclined Handle Folding Wing Subsoiling Shovel Based on Discrete Element Method

Accession number: 20221511962239

Title of translation:

Authors: Zhang, Xirui (1); Zeng, Wangqiang (1); Liu, Junxiao (1); Wu, Peng (2); Dong, Xuehu (3); Hu, Hongnan (4)

Author affiliation: (1) Mechanical and Electrical Engineering College, Hainan University, Haikou; 570228, China; (2) Department of Biosystems Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg; R3T 2N2, Canada; (3) Hainan Agricultural Machinery Appraisal and Extension Station, Haikou; 570206, China; (4) College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou; 510225, China

Corresponding author: Liu, Junxiao(a731344852@163.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 53

Issue: 3

Issue date: March 25, 2022

Publication year: 2022

Pages: 40-49

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In view of the problems such as large working resistance, small area of loose soil and poor surface flatness when the deep-loosening equipment is applied to banana field soil in tropical agricultural area of Hainan Province, a kind of the inclined handle folding wing subsoiling shovel was designed, which can effectively reduce working resistance based on the physical characteristics of latosoil in banana field soil of Hainan Province. The three-layer soil particle virtual simulation soil tank model was established by using the discrete element method, and the Hertz-Mindlin with JKR contact model was used to compare and simulate the operation performance of inclined handle folding wing subsoiling shovel and straight handle chisel subsoiling shovel. The results showed that on the premise of ensuring the subsoiling efficiency, the simulation test of the optimal operating speed of the subsoiling shovel was carried out, and the optimal operating speed range of the inclined handle folding wing subsoiling shovel was 3.24~3.96 km/h; compared with the straight shank chisel subsoiling shovel, the working resistance of the inclined handle folding wing subsoiling shovel was reduced by 16.2%, the surface flatness was increased by 25.9%, and the groove width was reduced by 36.3%; the field test results showed that the error between the measured and simulated values of tillage resistance, surface flatness and subsoiling groove width of inclined handle folding wing subsoiling shovel and straight handle chisel subsoiling shovel was less than 2%, and the simulation results were highly reliable. The simulation analysis and field experiments showed that compared with the straight handle chisel subsoiling shovel, the inclined handle folding wing subsoiling shovel had less damage to the surface contour during operation, which can effectively reduce the disturbance to the soil layer and increase the loose soil area, and it had high surface flatness and small groove width after operation, so it can better adapt to the working environment of banana field in tropical agricultural area. © 2022, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 33

Main heading: Soils

Controlled terms: Fruits  -  Tropics

Uncontrolled terms: Banana field  -  Discrete elements method  -  Field soil  -  Folding wings  -  Groove width  -  Iateritic soil  -  Inclined handle folding wing type  -  Loose soils  -  Subsoiling shovel  -  Surface flatness

Classification code: 443 Meteorology  -  483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics  -  821.4 Agricultural Products

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.62E+01%, Percentage 2.00E+00%, Percentage 2.59E+01%, Percentage 3.63E+01%, Size 3.24E+03m to 3.96E+03m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2022.03.004

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2022 Elsevier Inc.

16. Design and Experiment of Dual Navigation Mode Orchard Transport Robot

Accession number: 20221511962171

Title of translation:

Authors: Mao, Wenju (1, 2); Liu, Heng (1, 2); Wang, Xiaole (1, 2); Yang, Fuzeng (1, 2); Liu, Zhijie (1, 2); Wang, Zongyang (3)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; 712100, China; (2) Apple’s Full Mechanized Research Base, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling; 712100, China; (3) Shanghai Yikun Electric Engineering Co., Ltd., Shanghai; 200233, China

Corresponding authors: Yang, Fuzeng(yangfzkm@nwafu.edu.cn); Yang, Fuzeng(yangfzkm@nwafu.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 53

Issue: 3

Issue date: March 25, 2022

Publication year: 2022

Pages: 27-39 and 49

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: To solve the problems of the existing orchard apple post-harvest transportation equipment with a single autonomous navigation mode and the inability to start or stop at any point, a dual navigation mode small orchard transportation robot was developed and designed, whose hardware system mainly included five modules, such as pedestrian led navigation, fixed-point navigation, control, motion and power, and the software system included three modules, such as command interaction layer, information processing layer and execution layer. The user selected the navigation mode under the command interaction layer according to the demand. In the selected navigation mode, the information processing layer processed the target point pose information provided by the pedestrian led navigation or fixed-point navigation module and then used OpenPose human pose recognition-based target tracking control or Real time kinematic-global navigation satellite system (RTK-GNSS)-based distance-angle control methods to output the next moment of motion velocity information to the execution layer. And then the motion and power module realized the pedestrian led navigation and fixed-point navigation in the orchard environment based on the velocity information. When the transport robot operated in the orchard with a rated load of 200 kg and speed of 0.5 m/s, the average value of target tracking error was less than 9 cm and the standard deviation was less than 4 cm in the pedestrian led navigation mode; the relative error of reaching the target point was less than 13 cm and the standard deviation was less than 1.5 cm in the fixed-point navigation mode, and the absolute error was less than 7 cm and the standard deviation was less than 0.5 cm. The test results showed that the robot can meet the requirements of autonomous transportation and safe obstacle avoidance in orchards. © 2022, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 33

Main heading: Navigation

Controlled terms: Clutter (information theory)  -  Errors  -  Global positioning system  -  Light emitting diodes  -  Robots  -  Statistics  -  Target tracking

Uncontrolled terms: Autonomous transport  -  Dual navigation mode  -  Fixed points  -  Fixed-point navigation  -  Navigation modes  -  Orchard transport robot  -  Pedestrian lead navigation  -  Standard deviation  -  Target point  -  Velocity information

Classification code: 714.2 Semiconductor Devices and Integrated Circuits  -  716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing  -  731.5 Robotics  -  922.2 Mathematical Statistics

Numerical data indexing: Mass 2.00E+02kg, Size 1.30E-01m, Size 1.50E-02m, Size 4.00E-02m, Size 5.00E-03m, Size 7.00E-02m, Size 9.00E-02m, Velocity 5.00E-01m/s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2022.03.003

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2022 Elsevier Inc.

17. Design and Test of Water Gravity-based Potato Static Friction Coefficient Determination Device

Accession number: 20221511962192

Title of translation:

Authors: Yang, Xiaoping (1); Shi, Linrong (1); Zang, Jin (1); Zhao, Wuyun (1); Tian, Jianfeng (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou; 730070, China

Corresponding author: Shi, Linrong(shilr@gsau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 53

Issue: 3

Issue date: March 25, 2022

Publication year: 2022

Pages: 167-174 and 320

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: For the traditional slant method in the determination of potato static friction coefficient, there are problems of efficiency and low precision, based on the principle of water gravity potato static friction coefficient determination, by accurately controlling the weight of water to determine the static friction of potato, and then calculate the static friction coefficient, according to which the potato static friction coefficient determination instrument was developed. The static friction coefficient of Long potato 10 varieties commonly grown in Gansu was determined. The results showed that the static friction coefficient between Long potato 10 and steel plate with soil was 0.420, the static friction coefficient between it and plastic plate was 0.496, the static friction coefficient between Long potato 10 was 0.442; without soil, the static friction coefficient between Long potato 10 and steel plate was 0.455, the static friction coefficient between it and plastic plate was 0.526, the static friction coefficient between Long potato 10 was 0.483. This showed that the static friction coefficient of potato with soil was smaller than that of potato without soil, and the static friction coefficient from large to small was as follows: between potato and plastic plate, between potato, between potato and No.45 steel plate. In order to further verify the reliability of the gravity method, the potato collapse stacking angle simulation and test for Long potato 10 were done. It was found that the pile-up angle formed by potato without soil under the condition of gravity method was close to the test results, and its relative error was 1.04%, relative error with the test results of the pile-up angle formed by potato without soil under the condition of slant method was 7.73%; the pile-up angle formed by potato with soil under the condition of slant method was close to the test results, and the relative error was 0.37%, and the relative error of pile-up angle under the condition of gravity method was 4.31%. In addition, the gravity method can determine the static friction coefficient between potatoes. The gravity method was superior to the slope method in determining the static friction coefficient of potatoes. © 2022, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 23

Main heading: Soils

Controlled terms: Errors  -  Piles  -  Stiction

Uncontrolled terms: Coefficients determination  -  Condition  -  Gravity method  -  Pile-ups  -  Plastic plates  -  Potato  -  Relative errors  -  Static friction coefficient  -  Steel plates  -  Tester

Classification code: 408.2 Structural Members and Shapes  -  483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.04E+00%, Percentage 3.70E-01%, Percentage 4.31E+00%, Percentage 7.73E+00%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2022.03.016

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2022 Elsevier Inc.

18. Design and Test of Temperature Control System of Calf Milk Replacer Solution Based on Fuzzy PID

Accession number: 20221511962233

Title of translation: PID

Authors: He, Gang (1, 2); Cai, Xiaohua (3); Bai, Yang (4); Zhu, Lu (1); Wang, Decheng (1); Hou, Yuntao (3)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Huhhot Branch of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Sciences Co., Ltd., Huhhot; 010010, China; (3) Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Machinery Sciences, Harbin; 150081, China; (4) School of Mechanical and Automation, Weifang University, Weifang; 261061, China

Corresponding author: Wang, Decheng(wdc@cau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 53

Issue: 3

Issue date: March 25, 2022

Publication year: 2022

Pages: 266-276

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to realize the real-time automatic adjustment of the temperature of milk powder and milk liquid in the process of calf feeding and improve the accuracy of temperature control of heat exchanger, a dynamic temperature control technology of heat exchanger was designed by using fuzzy PID control algorithm. This technology mainly realized the dynamic adjustment of the controlled object (milk replacer solution) temperature by using PID parameter on-line fuzzy self-tuning and PID temperature control fuzzy algorithm, so as to ensure that the temperature of milk prepared with milk substitute powder was controlled within a controllable range of about (37±1). According to the requirements that the temperature of milk preparation liquid of milk substitute powder for scientific calf feeding was 38~40, when the temperature of heat exchanger was set to be 42 and the entering water temperature adjusted to be 10, 15, 20 and 25 respectively, the maximum fluctuation range between the measured temperature of calf milk level and the preset temperature was only 0.3. The prototype performance test was carried out on the thermostatic control system of the heat exchanger of the calf feeding device. The thermostatic control of the hot water in the heat exchanger was set at 42, the time was recorded with a stopwatch and the temperature change was once every 5 min. During the whole test process, the temperature change range in the heat exchanger was basically controlled within (42±0.2), and the average relative error and coefficient of variation of the temperature were small. The temperature control of the system was stable, which can meet the practical demand of calves for the temperature of milk replacer, and realize the rapid response and real-time temperature control of the heat exchanger of the calf feeding device. © 2022, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 26

Main heading: Temperature control

Controlled terms: Feeding  -  Fuzzy sets  -  Heat exchangers  -  Testing  -  Three term control systems

Uncontrolled terms: Automatic adjustment  -  Calf feeding  -  Design and tests  -  Feeding devices  -  Fuzzy-PID  -  Milk replace solution  -  Real- time  -  Temperature changes  -  Temperature control systems  -  Thermostatic control

Classification code: 616.1 Heat Exchange Equipment and Components  -  691.2 Materials Handling Methods  -  731.1 Control Systems  -  731.3 Specific Variables Control

Numerical data indexing: Time 3.00E+02s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2022.03.028

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2022 Elsevier Inc.

19. Tree Species Recognition Based on Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Image with LiDAR Individual Tree Segmentation Aided

Accession number: 20221511962148

Title of translation: LiDARCNN+EL

Authors: Xu, Zhiyang (1, 2); Chen, Qiao (1, 3); Chen, Yongfu (1, 3)

Author affiliation: (1) Research Institute of Forest Resource Information Techniques, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing; 100091, China; (2) East China Inventory and Planning Institute, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Hangzhou; 310019, China; (3) Key Laboratory of Forestry Remote Sensing and Information System, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing; 100091, China

Corresponding authors: Chen, Qiao(Chengqiqo@163.com); Chen, Qiao(Chengqiqo@163.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 53

Issue: 3

Issue date: March 25, 2022

Publication year: 2022

Pages: 197-205

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to study the application potential of tree species recognition based on unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) visible image with LiDAR individual tree segmentation aided, a tree species recognition method combined with convolutional neural network and ensemble learning was proposed. Firstly, individual trees were detected by means of individual tree segmentation of simultaneous UAV-LiDAR point clouds and multiscale segmentation of UAV visible image, and then individual tree canopy image datasets was sliced from UAV visible image. Secondly, ResNet50 convolutional neural network was introduced, meanwhile, a ECA-ResNet50 network was bulit by using ResNet50 as the backbone network framework and inserting the effective channel attention (ECA) mechanism model to residual bottleneck module, and then a ECA-ResNet50-Dialate network was bulit by replacing normal 3×3 convolution of residual module with dilated convolution, and ECA-ResNet-mini and ECA-ResNet-mini-Dialate network were bulit by adjusting the convolution layer number of convolutional modules in the end. The pre-trained model parameters, which were pre-trained by using ImageNet datasets, were loaded to initialize the five network models, after that five recognition models were trained by using the individual tree canopy image datasets. Finally, the five convolutional neural network models were ensembled by the relative majority voting method. The experimental results showed that the overall accuracy of individual tree detection was 83.80%, and the training, verification and independent test accuracy of ensemble learning reached 99.15%, 98.34% and 90.15%, respectively, which were 4.23, 3.04 and 9.09 percentage points higher than that of ResNet50 network, and the independent test accuracy was still 32.31 percentage points higher than the traditional optimal result of random forest classification. The combination of convolutional neural network and ensemble learning strategy could fully extract UAV visible image features for tree species recognition with LiDAR individual tree segmentation aided. © 2022, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 27

Main heading: Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)

Controlled terms: Aircraft detection  -  Antennas  -  Convolution  -  Convolutional neural networks  -  Decision trees  -  Forestry  -  Image segmentation  -  Learning systems  -  Optical radar  -  Random forests

Uncontrolled terms: Convolutional neural network  -  Ensemble learning  -  Individual tree  -  Species recognition  -  Tree segmentation  -  Tree species  -  Tree species recognition  -  Unmanned aerial vehicle image  -  Unmanned aerial vehicle-LiDAR  -  Vehicle images

Classification code: 652.1 Aircraft, General  -  716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing  -  716.2 Radar Systems and Equipment  -  723.4.2 Machine Learning  -  741.3 Optical Devices and Systems  -  821.0 Woodlands and Forestry  -  921.4 Combinatorial Mathematics, Includes Graph Theory, Set Theory  -  961 Systems Science

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 8.38E+01%, Percentage 9.015E+01%, Percentage 9.834E+01%, Percentage 9.915E+01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2022.03.020

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2022 Elsevier Inc.

20. Weight Adjustment Method of Sampling Sites for Global Mean Estimation of Hg and NDVI

Accession number: 20221511962279

Title of translation: HgNDVI

Authors: Zhang, Dongyue (1); Zhu, Qingwei (1); Dong, Shiwei (2, 3); Pan, Yuchun (2, 3); Wu, Ya’nan (2, 3); Tan, Mengyan (4)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Geomatics, Xi’an University of Science and Technology, Xi’an; 710054, China; (2) Research Center of Information Technology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing; 100097, China; (3) National Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing; 100097, China; (4) Zhaodong Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Zhaodong; 151100, China

Corresponding authors: Dong, Shiwei(dshiwei2006@163.com); Dong, Shiwei(dshiwei2006@163.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 53

Issue: 3

Issue date: March 25, 2022

Publication year: 2022

Pages: 338-345

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Weight adjustment of the sampling sites is an important means of the statistical inference for the global mean of sampling sites attributes. Taking the sampling sites of agricultural land in Shunyi District, Beijing as an example, weight adjustment method (Thiessen polygon weight adjustment method) of sampling sites for global mean estimation was proposed. Firstly, the type division rules of sampling sites were constructed to divide the sampling sites into aggregated, sparse and even sampling sites. Secondly, weight adjustment amounts and adjustment rules for different types of sampling sites were determined, and the weights of the sampling sites were adjusted, respectively. Finally, taking soil heavy metal Hg content and NDVI data of agricultural land as an example, a comparative experiment between Thiessen polygon weight adjustment method and the original sampling sites (without weight adjustment) and the conventional area ratio weight adjustment method was set up to quantitatively evaluate the global mean estimation effect of different weight adjustment methods based on the relative errors of two evaluation parameters. The results suggested that the weights of the two aggregated sampling sites were reduced, and the weights were 0.609 and 0.883, respectively. The weight of one sparse sampling site was increased, and the weights was 1.068. The weights of sixty-three even sampling sites remained unchanged, and the weights of each sampling sites was 1. The relative errors (0.413%, 1.617%) of the global mean estimated by the Thiessen polygon weight adjustment method statistical inference were smaller than those of estimated by the original sampling sites (1.056%, 2.500%) and the conventional area proportional weight adjustment method (2.933%, 2.941%), respectively. It was shown that the global mean estimation of the sampling sites for the Thiessen polygon weight adjustment method was much more accurate and reliable. © 2022, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 27

Main heading: Geometry

Controlled terms: Agriculture  -  Heavy metals  -  Sampling

Uncontrolled terms: Adjustment method  -  Agricultural land  -  Data corrections  -  Global mean estimation  -  Relative errors  -  Sampling site  -  Shunyi District  -  Statistical inference  -  Thiessen polygon  -  Weight adjustment

Classification code: 531 Metallurgy and Metallography  -  821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control  -  921 Mathematics

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.056E+00%, Percentage 1.617E+00%, Percentage 2.50E+00%, Percentage 2.933E+00%, Percentage 2.941E+00%, Percentage 4.13E-01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2022.03.036

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2022 Elsevier Inc.

21. Design and Test of Automatic Control System of Pneumatic Ejecting Type High-speed Transplanter

Accession number: 20221511962184

Title of translation:

Authors: Wang, Chao (1, 2); Li, Yonglei (1, 2); Song, Jiannong (1, 2); Ma, Ronghua (1); Liu, Cailing (1, 2); Li, Fanglin (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Soil-Machine-Plant System Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing; 100083, China

Corresponding authors: Song, Jiannong(songjn@cau.edu.cn); Song, Jiannong(songjn@cau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 53

Issue: 3

Issue date: March 25, 2022

Publication year: 2022

Pages: 114-125

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Aiming at the automatic control demands of the pneumatic ejecting type high-speed transplanter, an automatic control system for the transplanter was designed based on Arduino microcontroller. The system mainly included multi task modules of tray displacement detection, orderly tray supplying and high-speed seedling ejecting. Taking the position and displacement of the seedling tray as the main control conditions, the methods for controlling tray supplying speed and seedling ejecting interval were determined by analyzing the coordinated relationships of the tray supplying speed-tray feeding speed, and seedling ejecting interval-tray displacement. Two finite state machines were established respectively; the control flow was designed based on the dynamic time slice polling algorithm. The accuracy test of the control system was carried out to assess position accuracies, results of which showed that the maximum relative errors of tray supplying position and the seedling ejecting position were 1.27% and 12.85% respectively at high-speed (90~150 plants/min), the maximum cumulative relative errors of the 2nd to 6th seedling ejecting positions were 11.85%, 5.63%, 4.25%, 1.94% and 2.44%, respectively, which were all within the allowable error range and met the working requirements. The transplanting performance test was carried out with the indicators of the success rate of tray supplying, seedling ejecting and throwing. The test results showed that the automatic control system worked reliably at high-speed, the tray supplying and tray feeding motions were connected effectively, and the seedling ejecting sequences were synchronized with continuous tray feeding accurately, the success rate of tray supplying and the success rate of seedling ejecting were both 100%, and the success rate of seedling throwing was above 94.44%. The automatic working of the orderly tray supplying and seedling ejecting at high-speed of the pneumatic ejecting type high-speed transplanter was realized. © 2022, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 30

Main heading: Pneumatics

Controlled terms: Automation  -  Control systems  -  Errors  -  Feeding  -  Process control  -  Speed

Uncontrolled terms: Automatic control systems  -  Condition  -  Control demands  -  Design and tests  -  Displacement detection  -  High Speed  -  High-speed transplanter  -  Multi tasks  -  Pneumatic ejecting type  -  Tray supplying

Classification code: 632.3 Pneumatics  -  691.2 Materials Handling Methods  -  731 Automatic Control Principles and Applications  -  731.1 Control Systems

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.00E+02%, Percentage 1.185E+01%, Percentage 1.27E+00%, Percentage 1.285E+01%, Percentage 1.94E+00%, Percentage 2.44E+00%, Percentage 4.25E+00%, Percentage 5.63E+00%, Percentage 9.444E+01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2022.03.011

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2022 Elsevier Inc.

22. Rural Living Energy in Heilongjiang Province under Background of Carbon Peak and Neutrality

Accession number: 20221511962155

Title of translation:

Authors: Shen, Ruixia (1); Yao, Zonglu (1); Zhao, Lixin (1); Huo, Lili (1); Luo, Juan (1)

Author affiliation: (1) Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing; 100081, China

Corresponding author: Yao, Zonglu(yaozonglu@caas.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 53

Issue: 3

Issue date: March 25, 2022

Publication year: 2022

Pages: 377-383

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Heilongjiang Province is located in the northeast of China, with cold winter and long heating period. Aiming to cope with the problems of high rural living energy consumption, unreasonable energy structure and large straw energy demand in Heilongjiang Province, the resource quantity, consumption, energy structure and greenhouse gas emission reduction contribution of rural energy in Heilongjiang Province in 2030 and 2060 were predicated. The results showed that the total amount of rural energy consumption in Heilongjiang Province was about 22.0 million tons of standard coal currently, and the main rural energy used was straw and coal. From the perspective of greenhouse gas emission reduction, the contribution of straw burning and biomass briquette to greenhouse gas emission reduction was 1.40 million tons and 1.30 million tons CO2e, respectively. In 2030 and 2060, the total energy consumption of rural residents in Heilongjiang Province would be 5.9 million tons and 2.2 million tons of standard coal, respectively. Meanwhile, the amount of straw that can be collected was 92.8 million tons and 125.6 million tons, respectively. Under the background of greenhouse gas emission reduction and on the basis of meeting the demand of straw returning to the field and straw feeding, it was predicted that the maximum potential of straw for energy conversion in Heilongjiang Province in 2030 and 2060 would be 23.5 million tons and 31.7 million tons, respectively, equivalent to 4.5 million tons and 6.1 million tons of standard coal, accounting for 5.183% and 18.529% of the total energy consumption of rural residents in Heilongjiang Province in 2030 and 2060, respectively. In addition, the greenhouse gas emission reduction contribution of straw energy in 2030 and 2060 would be 24.7 million tons and 33.3 million tons CO2e, respectively. The research result had important guiding significance for greenhouse gas emission reduction and realizing the goal of carbon peak and neutrality. © 2022, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 24

Main heading: Energy utilization

Controlled terms: Carbon  -  Coal  -  Emission control  -  Energy conversion  -  Gas emissions  -  Greenhouse gases

Uncontrolled terms: Carbon neutralities  -  Carbon peaks  -  Energy  -  Energy structures  -  Energy-consumption  -  Greenhouse gas emission reduction  -  Heilongjiang  -  Rural energy  -  Rural residents  -  Total energy

Classification code: 451.1 Air Pollution Sources  -  451.2 Air Pollution Control  -  524 Solid Fuels  -  525.3 Energy Utilization  -  525.5 Energy Conversion Issues  -  804 Chemical Products Generally

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.8529E+01%, Percentage 5.183E+00%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2022.03.040

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2022 Elsevier Inc.

23. Object Detection of Suckling Piglets Based on Jetson Nano and YOLO v5

Accession number: 20221511962253

Title of translation: Jetson Nano+YOLO v5

Authors: Ding, Qi’an (1); Liu, Longshen (2, 3); Chen, Jia (1); Tai, Meng (2); Shen, Mingxia (2, 3)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing; 210031, China; (2) College of Artificial Intelligence, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing; 210031, China; (3) Jiangsu Smart Animal Husbandry Equipment Technology Innovation Center, Nanjing; 210031, China

Corresponding authors: Shen, Mingxia(mingxia@njau.edu.cn); Shen, Mingxia(mingxia@njau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 53

Issue: 3

Issue date: March 25, 2022

Publication year: 2022

Pages: 277-284

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: The deployment of piglet target detection model at the edge of the device is an important basis for fine management of piglets during lactation. Recognition of suckling piglets under complex environments is a difficult task, and deep learning methods are usually used to solve this problem. However, the object detection model of piglets based on deep learning often needs high computer force support, which is difficult to deploy in the field. To solve these problems, a object detection model of suckling piglets based on embedded terminal deployment was proposed, which made the deployment of piglet object detection system more flexible. A database was established by using images of suckling piglets with a data volume of 14000 pieces. The training set, test set, and validation set were divided by 8:1:1. The YOLO v5s, YOLO v5m, YOLO v5l, and YOLO v5x deep learning networks were trained to extract the characteristics of suckling piglets, and the corresponding piglets detection model was established to conduct object detection for suckling piglets. The Conv, BN, Activation Function layer, the same tensor and operation part of the network were fused, and the Concat layer was deleted to quantify the network structure and reduce the computational force demand of the model during operation. An embedded device Jetson Nano was used to infer the modified model to realize the deployment of piglet target detection model in the embedded terminal. The experimental results showed that the average running time of the optimized YOLO v5s, YOLO v5m, YOLO v5l, and YOLO v5x models were 65 ms, 170 ms, 315 ms and 560 ms, respectively, but the detection accuracy was dropped to 96.8%, 97.0%, 97.0% and 96.6%, respectively. The optimized YOLO v5s model can implement real-time detection of suckling piglets on embedded devices, which can lay a foundation for the edge computing model of piglets detection and provide technical support for precision breeding. © 2022, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 22

Main heading: Object detection

Controlled terms: Deep learning  -  Edge computing  -  Object recognition

Uncontrolled terms: Detection models  -  Edge computing  -  Embedded device  -  Embedded terminal  -  Fines management  -  Jetson nano  -  Objects detection  -  Suckling piglet  -  Targets detection  -  YOLO v5

Classification code: 461.4 Ergonomics and Human Factors Engineering  -  722.4 Digital Computers and Systems  -  723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 9.66E+01%, Percentage 9.68E+01%, Percentage 9.70E+01%, Time 1.70E-01s, Time 3.15E-01s, Time 5.60E-01s, Time 6.50E-02s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2022.03.029

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2022 Elsevier Inc.

24. Design and Test of Chain-spoon Type Precision Seed-metering Device for Ginseng Based on DEM-MBD Coupling

Accession number: 20221511962227

Title of translation: DEM-MBD

Authors: Lai, Qinghui (1); Jia, Guangxin (1); Su, Wei (1); Zhao, Lijun (2); Qiu, Xiaobao (3); Lü, Qin (1)

Author affiliation: (1) Faculty of Modern Agricultural Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming; 650500, China; (2) College of Intelligent and Manufacturing Engineering, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing; 402160, China; (3) Bazhou Haibao Technology Co., Ltd., Langfang; 065700, China

Corresponding author: Su, Wei(laisubo@163.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 53

Issue: 3

Issue date: March 25, 2022

Publication year: 2022

Pages: 91-104

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Because of irregular shape and poor fluidity of ginseng seeds, the seeds need to be spewed before sowing. The spewed seeds are easy to be damaged, resulting in difficult seed filling and easy seed damage. A chain-spoon type precision seed-metering device for ginseng was designed. Through the analysis of the force and motion of seeds in the process of seed filling, the mechanism of tilting filling-seed improving the filling-seed performance was expounded. And through theoretical calculation, static and dynamic analysis of seed carried by seed’s spoon was done, and the single factor simulation test was conducted through the DEM-MBD coupling. The influence of different structural parameters and working parameters of seed-metering device on its working performance were analyzed and the structural parameters of chain-spoon type precision seed-metering device were ascertained. Based on DEM-MBD coupling simulation, the quadratic regression orthogonal rotation combination test was done, with the rotation rate of drive sprocket, filling-seed angle and seed’s height as the test indexes. Experimental results showed that the primary and secondary order of influencing conformity index was filling-seed angle, rotation rate of drive sprocket and seed’s height. When filling-seed angle was 71.73°, the rotation rate of drive sprocket was 79.10 r/min and seed’s height was 84.28 mm, filling-seed performance was the optimum, and the single grain rate was 95.68%, the refilling rate was 3.57%, and the missing filling rate was 0.75%. The bench test was conducted to testify the working performance of seed-metering device, which showed that the chain-spoon type precision seed-metering device for ginseng had better performance on filling-seed and can meet the requirements of non-forest ginseng sowing. © 2022, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 24

Main heading: Filling

Controlled terms: Rotation rate  -  Testing  -  Wheels

Uncontrolled terms: Chain-spoon type  -  DEM-MBD coupling  -  Ginseng  -  Performance  -  Precision seed-metering devices  -  Rotation rate  -  Seed filling  -  Seed-metering device  -  Structural parameter  -  Working performance

Classification code: 601.2 Machine Components  -  691.2 Materials Handling Methods  -  931.1 Mechanics

Numerical data indexing: Angular velocity 1.32097E+00rad/s, Percentage 3.57E+00%, Percentage 7.50E-01%, Percentage 9.568E+01%, Size 8.428E-02m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2022.03.009

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2022 Elsevier Inc.

25. Calibration of Simulation Parameters of Mung Bean Seeds Using Discrete Element Method and Verification of Seed-metering Test

Accession number: 20221511962291

Title of translation:

Authors: Zhang, Shengwei (1); Zhang, Ruiyu (1); Chen, Tianyou (1); Fu, Jun (1, 2); Yuan, Hongfang (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun; 130025, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Bionics Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun; 130025, China

Corresponding authors: Yuan, Hongfang(yhf1984828@163.com); Yuan, Hongfang(yhf1984828@163.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 53

Issue: 3

Issue date: March 25, 2022

Publication year: 2022

Pages: 71-79

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to improve the accuracy of the simulation parameters used in the discrete element simulation test of mung bean precision metering process, and further optimize the metering structure, based on the intrinsic parameters of mung bean seeds, the Hertz Mindlin with bonding model was used to establish the seed simulation model, the simulation parameters between the mung bean seeds and the contact material (plexiglass plate, Somos8000 resin) were calibrated by the free fall collision method, inclined sliding method, and inclined rolling method, respectively. The statistical results showed the collision recovery coefficient, static friction coefficient and rolling friction coefficient between mung bean and plexiglass were 0.445, 0.458 and 0.036, respectively; the collision recovery coefficient, static friction coefficient, and rolling friction coefficient between mung bean and Somos8000 resin were 0.434, 0.556 and 0.049, respectively. Steep climbing test, three-factor and five-level horizontal rotation combinations were designed and tested respectively, involving factors of contact parameters between seeds, and the indices of the relative error between the measured accumulation angle and the simulated accumulation angle. Then, the minimum relative error was taken as the optimization objective, and the test data were optimized and analyzed, the collision recovery coefficient, static friction coefficient, and rolling friction coefficient between mung bean seeds were 0.3, 0.23 and 0.03, respectively. Seeding verification tests were carried out on the calibration results, the statistical results showed that the maximum relative error between the leakage rate of the simulation test and the missing rate of the bench test was 4.71%, the maximum relative error between the reabsorption rate and the multiple rate was 4.94%, and the maximum relative error between the single particle rate and the qualified rate was 0.98%, which proved that the calibration results were reliable. It can provide important reference significance for the design and simulation optimization of mung bean precision metering device. © 2022, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 26

Main heading: Calibration

Controlled terms: Errors  -  Mindlin plates  -  Recovery  -  Resins  -  Stiction  -  Testing

Uncontrolled terms: Discrete elements  -  Friction coefficients  -  Maximum relative errors  -  Mungbeans  -  Recovery coefficients  -  Rolling friction  -  Seeding test  -  Simulation parameters  -  Simulation tests  -  Static friction coefficient

Classification code: 408.2 Structural Members and Shapes  -  815.1.1 Organic Polymers

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 4.71E+00%, Percentage 4.94E+00%, Percentage 9.80E-01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2022.03.007

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2022 Elsevier Inc.

26. Drying of Banana Using Combined Low-pressure Superheated Steam and Vacuum Drying

Accession number: 20221511962271

Title of translation: -

Authors: Wang, Ruifang (1, 2); Wang, Jingcheng (1); Zhao, Donghai (1); Xu, Qing (1, 2); Xiao, Bo (3); Lü, Huangzhen (4)

Author affiliation: (1) Tianjin Key Laboratory of Integrated Design and On-line Monitoring for Light Industry, Food Machinery and Equipment, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin; 300222, China; (2) Tianjin International Joint Research and Development Center of Low-carbon Green Process Equipment, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin; 300222, China; (3) Guangdong Institute of Modern Agricultural Equipment, Guangzhou; 510630, China; (4) Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Sciences Group Co., Ltd., Beijing; 100083, China

Corresponding author: Lü, Huangzhen(lvhz@caams.org.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 53

Issue: 3

Issue date: March 25, 2022

Publication year: 2022

Pages: 392-399

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Aiming at the problem that it is difficult to guarantee higher drying rate and the quality of banana dried by low-pressure superheated steam. A method of combined low-pressure superheated steam and vacuum drying was proposed to increase the drying rate and reduce the temperature of banana to improve the product quality. The inversion temperatures of banana investigated by the falling rate period and the whole drying period were 88.75 and 89.06, respectively. The drying kinetics and product quality were studied at 90 for combined low-pressure superheated steam and vacuum drying. The results showed that the maximum temperature of samples of combined low-pressure superheated steam and vacuum drying was 8.5 lower than that of low-pressure superheated steam drying and the drying time was 30 min lower than that of vacuum drying. Compared with low-pressure superheated steam drying and vacuum drying, the number of peaks was increased by 38.27% and 41.77%, and the first fracture attenuation was reduced by 7.37% and 36.03%, respectively. Therefore, the crispness of dried banana slices of combined low-pressure superheated steam and vacuum drying was enhanced. In addition, the pore structure of dried banana slices was rich. The color quality of combined low-pressure superheated steam and vacuum drying was better than that of low-pressure superheated steam drying and vacuum drying. The VC retention was 67.9%, which was increased by 255% and 191% respectively than thta of low-pressure superheated steam drying and vacuum drying. © 2022, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 25

Main heading: Fruits

Controlled terms: Drying  -  Pore structure  -  Quality control  -  Steam

Uncontrolled terms: Drying kinetic  -  Drying rates  -  Falling-rate period  -  Inversion temperature  -  Low pressures  -  Low-pressure superheated steam drying  -  Products quality  -  Superheated steam  -  Superheated steam vacuum  -  Vacuum drying

Classification code: 821.4 Agricultural Products  -  913.3 Quality Assurance and Control  -  931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.91E+02%, Percentage 2.55E+02%, Percentage 3.603E+01%, Percentage 3.827E+01%, Percentage 4.177E+01%, Percentage 6.79E+01%, Percentage 7.37E+00%, Time 1.80E+03s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2022.03.042

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2022 Elsevier Inc.

27. Effect of Cavitation Jet on Emulsion Characteristics of Soy Protein Isolate Glycosylation Products

Accession number: 20221511962242

Title of translation:

Authors: Wang, Zhongjiang (1); Guo, Ya’nan (1); Ren, Shuanghe (1); Li, Bailiang (1, 2); Meng, Fandi (1); Guo, Zengwang (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China; (2) Shandong Yuwang Ecological Food Industry Co., Ltd., Dezhou; 253000, China

Corresponding author: Guo, Zengwang(gzwname@163.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 53

Issue: 3

Issue date: March 25, 2022

Publication year: 2022

Pages: 423-431 and 458

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Aiming to explore the effect of cavitation jet on the emulsion characteristics of soy protein isolate (SPI) glycosylation product, SPI-glucose and SPI-dextranwere used as raw materials, and treated by cavitation jet (20 min, 40 min, 60 min, 80 min, 100 min and 120 min) assisted glycosylation to prepare the emulsion of SPI-glucose conjugates and SPI-dextran conjugates and explore the effect of cavitation jet technology on SPI glycosylation product emulsion, particle size, ζ-potential value, microstructure, protein adsorption fraction, emulsification index and antioxidant properties. The results showed that the average particle size of the glycosylation product emulsion after a certain period of cavitation jet treatment was significantly reduced, the ζ-potential value was increased, the microstructure droplets gradually became uniform, the protein adsorption fractionwas increased, and the emulsification index was decreased. Both the reducing power and DPPH radical-scavenging activitywere increased. Besides, the emulsion characteristics reached the best when the cavitation jet was treated for 80 min and compared with the emulsion of SPI-glucose conjugates, the SPI-glucose conjugates exhibited better emulsion characteristics. However, under the increase of cavitation jet treatment time, the average particle size of the glycosylation product emulsion was increased, the ζ-potential value was decreased, and the microstructure began to aggregate. The protein adsorption fraction showed a decreasing trend, and the emulsification index was also gradually increased. Therefore, the cavitation jet can improve the emulsion characteristics of the glycosylated product to a certain extent and improve the storage characteristics and antioxidant properties of the emulsion. The research result can provide a reference for the modification of the glycosylated protein emulsion and the application of cavitation jet treatment in food. © 2022, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 39

Main heading: Emulsification

Controlled terms: Adsorption  -  Antioxidants  -  Cavitation  -  Dextran  -  Glucose  -  Glycosylation  -  Microstructure  -  Particle size  -  Proteins  -  Zeta potential

Uncontrolled terms: Antioxidant properties  -  Average particle size  -  Cavitation jet  -  Emulsification index  -  Emulsion characteristic  -  Glycosylations  -  Potential values  -  Protein adsorption  -  Soy protein  -  Soy protein isolates

Classification code: 461.9 Biology  -  631.1.1 Liquid Dynamics  -  801.2 Biochemistry  -  801.3 Colloid Chemistry  -  802.3 Chemical Operations  -  803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals  -  804 Chemical Products Generally  -  804.1 Organic Compounds  -  804.2 Inorganic Compounds  -  951 Materials Science

Numerical data indexing: Time 1.20E+03s, Time 2.40E+03s, Time 3.60E+03s, Time 4.80E+03s, Time 6.00E+03s, Time 7.20E+03s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2022.03.045

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2022 Elsevier Inc.

28. Tree-root Localization Method Based on Migration Imaging with Clutter Suppressed in Ground-penetrating Radar

Accession number: 20221511962206

Title of translation:

Authors: Li, Guanghui (1); Xu, Hui (1); Liu, Min (1)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Artificial Intelligence and Computer Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi; 214122, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 53

Issue: 3

Issue date: March 25, 2022

Publication year: 2022

Pages: 206-214

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) has vast application potential for the root system testing of fruit trees and ancient trees. The clutter in GPR B-scan image often obscures the tree roots, thus reduces the accuracy of tree-root localization algorithm. A tree-root localization method combining robust deep autoencoder (RDAE), direct least square (DLS) and frequency-wavenumber migration (FKM) was proposed. Firstly, after performing time-zero correction, a GPR B-scan image was decomposed into its low-rank and sparse components by RDAE. The low-rank component represented the clutter, and the sparse component represented the response of the tree roots. Secondly, the dielectric constant of soil was estimated by fitting the target echo’s hyperbolic curve with the direct least square method. Finally, the migration velocity was calculated according to the dielectric constant of soil, and then the migration velocity was taken as the input of frequency-wave number migration to get the radius and depth information of the tree-root. Experimental results showed that compared with the common clutter suppressed methods, including mean subtraction (MS), singular value decomposition (SVD), and robust principal component analysis (RPCA), RDAE had a better visual effect and higher signal-to-clutter ratio and improvement factor on both numerical simulated data and real GPR data. The root-mean-square relative error (RMSRE) value of the estimated dielectric constant of soil was 3.84%. The maximum radius relative error and the maximum depth relative error were 8.5% and 8.7%, respectively. The proposed method can meet the practical requirements of the tree-root non-destructive testing and provide decision support for tree health management and transplantation. © 2022, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 31

Main heading: Soils

Controlled terms: Clutter (information theory)  -  Curve fitting  -  Decision support systems  -  Dielectric materials  -  Errors  -  Forestry  -  Fruits  -  Ground penetrating radar systems  -  Learning systems  -  Least squares approximations   -  Nondestructive examination  -  Numerical methods  -  Principal component analysis  -  Radar clutter  -  Singular value decomposition  -  Trees (mathematics)

Uncontrolled terms: Auto encoders  -  Ground Penetrating Radar  -  Hyperbolic fitting  -  Localisation  -  Migration imaging  -  Relative errors  -  Robust deep autoencoder  -  Tree  -  Tree root  -  Tree-root localization

Classification code: 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics  -  708.1 Dielectric Materials  -  716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing  -  716.2 Radar Systems and Equipment  -  723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications  -  821.0 Woodlands and Forestry  -  821.4 Agricultural Products  -  912.2 Management  -  921 Mathematics  -  921.4 Combinatorial Mathematics, Includes Graph Theory, Set Theory  -  921.6 Numerical Methods  -  922.2 Mathematical Statistics

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 3.84E+00%, Percentage 8.50E+00%, Percentage 8.70E+00%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2022.03.021

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2022 Elsevier Inc.

29. Design and Experiment of Cellar Cavitation Mechanism for Crops of Hilly Mountains Transplanter

Accession number: 20221511962164

Title of translation:

Authors: Xu, Gaowei (1); Jian, Shichun (2); Song, Yumin (1); Fang, Huimin (3); Qiu, Xuyun (1); Ming, Xianglan (4)

Author affiliation: (1) Department of Automotive Engineering, Shandong Jiaotong University, Ji’nan; 250357, China; (2) Shandong Academy of Agricultural Machinery Sciences, Ji’nan; 250100, China; (3) School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang; 212013, China; (4) College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang; 524048, China

Corresponding author: Fang, Huimin(hdldl@126.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 53

Issue: 3

Issue date: March 25, 2022

Publication year: 2022

Pages: 105-113 and 125

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In the view of low operational efficiency and quality, high labor intensity of the existing semi-automatic and intermittent cellar cavitation mechanism for crops of hilly mountains, a cellar cavitation mechanism based on non-circular gear parallel four-bar mechanism was designed in order to ensure the agronomic requirements of deeper depth and consistent contour diameter of cavity. In addition, its kinematic model was stablished on the basis of elaborating the structure and working principle. The regression equation of response index and experimental factors for cavitation mechanism was established by combining the quadratic orthogonal rotation center combination test method and the human-computer interactive visual auxiliary interface of cavitation mechanism, which was established by the Matlab according to the kinematic model. Thus, the influence trend and interaction relationship were obtained by response surface simultaneously. In terms of the regression equation, multi-objective function optimization was used to obtain the optimal parameter combination of mechanism. According to the regression equation, the optimal parameters of cavitation mechanism, which was used to develop the prototype of cellar cavitation mechanism and field operation platform, could be achieved via the multi-objective function optimization. The field test results showed that the depth of cavitation was 181.7 mm, the vertical angle of cavitation was 90.5°, the maximum diameter of cavity was 75.6 mm, the minimum diameter of cavity was 68.5 mm, the variance of cavity diameter was 7.5 mm2 and the distance between cavities was 503.1 mm. The optimized mechanism can meet the agronomic requirements for crops of hilly mountains transplanting cellar cavitation. © 2022, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 25

Main heading: Cavitation

Controlled terms: Agronomy  -  Crops  -  Kinematics  -  Landforms  -  Mechanisms  -  Multiobjective optimization  -  Regression analysis

Uncontrolled terms: Cavitation mechanisms  -  Cellar cavitation mechanism  -  Cellar transplanting  -  Function Optimization  -  Kinematics models  -  Multi-objective functions  -  Operational efficiencies  -  Parameter optimization  -  Regression equation  -  Transplanter for crop of hilly mountain

Classification code: 481.1 Geology  -  601.3 Mechanisms  -  631.1.1 Liquid Dynamics  -  821.3 Agricultural Methods  -  821.4 Agricultural Products  -  921.5 Optimization Techniques  -  922.2 Mathematical Statistics  -  931.1 Mechanics

Numerical data indexing: Size 1.817E-01m, Size 5.031E-01m, Size 6.85E-02m, Size 7.50E-03m, Size 7.56E-02m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2022.03.010

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2022 Elsevier Inc.

30. Numerical Simulation of Air-entrained Vortex in Intake Based on Three-equation VLES Model

Accession number: 20221511962275

Title of translation: VLES

Authors: Huang, Xianbei (1); Guo, Qiang (1); Qiu, Baoyun (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Electrical, Energy and Power Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou; 225127, China

Corresponding author: Guo, Qiang(znguoqiang@163.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 53

Issue: 3

Issue date: March 25, 2022

Publication year: 2022

Pages: 183-188

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Under the condition of large flow rate and low water level, the free surface vortices vortex is easy to appear in the open intake, which will develop into suction vortices when it is serious, affecting the safe and stable operation of pump station. In order to accurately simulate the flow structure of the vortex, the S-CLSVOF method was adopted for capturing the water-air interface and the VLES, one of the hybrid RANS/LES methods, was used to resolve the turbulence. The effects of mesh and computational time on the results were analyzed in detail, together with the characteristics of the VLES model. The results showed that the VLES model can accurately predict the velocity distributions in the air-entrained vortex flow field. The effect of different grid order of magnitude on the velocity distribution and relative air-entrainment rate was small. To decrease the required computational resources, it was recommended to adopt the mesh with an order of magnitude equals to O(106). According to the variation of relative air-entrainment rate with time, the time when the air-entrained vortex reached stability can be judged. After that, another computation of 10 s was necessary to satisfy the corresponding standard for clearly identifying the free surface vortex. Further prolonging the calculation time did not change the variation of the position of the air-entrained vortex and the relative air-entrainment rate. In this case, the resolution of VLES was mainly affected by the turbulent integral length scale. In the near wall region, VLES behaved as RANS to decrease the demand on the mesh resolution near the wall, while in the turbulence core region, it turned to hybrid RANS/LES to increase the accuracy of the simulation. The research results can be used to guide the simulation of the air-entrained vortex in hydraulic intakes. © 2022, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 25

Main heading: Air

Controlled terms: Air entrainment  -  Air intakes  -  Mesh generation  -  Navier Stokes equations  -  Phase interfaces  -  Turbulence  -  Velocity distribution  -  Vortex flow  -  Water levels

Uncontrolled terms: Air entrainment rate  -  Air-entrained vortex  -  Condition  -  Free-surface vortices  -  Hybrid RANS-LES  -  Intake  -  Large flow rate  -  Orders of magnitude  -  S-CLSVOF  -  VLES

Classification code: 631.1 Fluid Flow, General  -  723.5 Computer Applications  -  801.4 Physical Chemistry  -  802.3 Chemical Operations  -  804 Chemical Products Generally  -  921.2 Calculus  -  921.4 Combinatorial Mathematics, Includes Graph Theory, Set Theory  -  922.2 Mathematical Statistics

Numerical data indexing: Time 1.00E+01s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2022.03.018

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2022 Elsevier Inc.

31. Effect of Structures on Hydrodynamic Characteristics of Recirculating Aquaculture Pond

Accession number: 20221511962290

Title of translation:

Authors: Zhang, Jun (1, 2); Wang, Minghua (1); Jia, Guangchen (3); Cao, Shouqi (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai; 201306, China; (2) National Distant-water Fisheries Engineering Research Center, Shanghai; 201306, China; (3) State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian; 116024, China

Corresponding author: Cao, Shouqi(sqcao@shou.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 53

Issue: 3

Issue date: March 25, 2022

Publication year: 2022

Pages: 311-320

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to build an industrial recirculating aquaculture pond with good hydrodynamic performance and high space utilization, the hydrodynamic characteristics and comprehensive performance of aquaculture ponds with six types of structures were compared and studied, including square, hexagon, octagon, circle, square with chamfer and square with fillet. On the basis of verifying the effectiveness of the numerical method, the influence of different structures on the velocity distribution, flow uniformity, vorticity distribution, water mixing uniformity and purification efficiency of the flow field were studied. The comprehensive performances of recirculating aquaculture ponds with different structures were evaluated from the aspects of fishing suitability, utilization rate of circulating water and space utilization rate. The results showed that with the increase of the chamfering distance and fillet radius, the water velocity distribution became more uniform, the underflow velocity was increased, and the flow uniformity, eddy current intensity and secondary flow intensity were increased gradually, which was conducive to improve the water mixing and self-purification efficiency but reduce the space utilization rate. With the decrease of the chamfering distance and fillet radius, the average velocity of the aquaculture water was gradually decreased, and the utilization efficiency of input energy of the jet was decreased. To maintain the appropriate speed range, it was necessary to increase the jet velocity, so as to produce more wastewater and reduce the utilization efficiency of the circulating water. Regular hexagon, square corner pond with k1 from 0.439 6 to 0.585 8 and square fillet pond with k2 from 0.666 7 to 0.833 3 had higher comprehensive performance. The research result could provide a theoretical basis and reference for the optimal design of recirculating aquaculture ponds, and had application value and scientific significance. © 2022, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 28

Main heading: Hydrodynamics

Controlled terms: Aquaculture  -  Flow fields  -  Flow of water  -  Lakes  -  Mixing  -  Numerical methods  -  Purification  -  Velocity  -  Velocity distribution

Uncontrolled terms: Aquaculture ponds  -  Circulating waters  -  Comprehensive performance  -  Different structure  -  Flow uniformity  -  Hydrodynamic characteristics  -  Purification efficiency  -  Space utilization  -  Space utilization rate  -  Utilization rates

Classification code: 631.1 Fluid Flow, General  -  631.1.1 Liquid Dynamics  -  802.3 Chemical Operations  -  821.3 Agricultural Methods  -  921.6 Numerical Methods  -  922.2 Mathematical Statistics

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2022.03.033

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2022 Elsevier Inc.

32. Multi-target Skeleton Extraction Method of Beef Cattle Based on Improved YOLO v3

Accession number: 20221511962307

Title of translation: YOLO v3

Authors: Zhang, Hongming (1, 2); Li, Yongheng (1); Zhou, Lixiang (1); Wang, Run (1); Li, Shuqin (1, 2); Wang, Hongyan (2, 3)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Information Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; 712100, China; (2) Ningxia Intelligent Agricultural Industry Technology Collaborative Innovation Center, Yinchuan; 750004, China; (3) West China Electronic Bussiness Co., Ltd., Yinchuan; 750004, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 53

Issue: 3

Issue date: March 25, 2022

Publication year: 2022

Pages: 285-293

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In view of the problem that the extraction accuracy of beef cattle skeleton was decreased greatly with the increase of targets in the process of beef cattle behavior recognition, an improved YOLO v3 algorithm (Not classify RFB-YOLO v3, NC-YOLO v3) was proposed. After the backbone network, receptive field block (RFB) was introduced to expand the receptive field of the model, and the classification module was eliminated to improve the detection efficiency. Combining 8SH (8-Stacked Hourglass) algorithm to realize multi-target detection and skeleton extraction of beef cattle in actual breeding environment. In the experiment, totally 16 key nodes were set for the beef cattle skeleton to form the beef cattle pose point information, and the detection accuracy was improved through multi-scale and multi-direction training of the image. Based on the statistical analysis of key points of multi-target skeleton extraction model, a method for beef cattle standing and lying down behavior recognition was proposed. Experimental results showed that in terms of target detection, the recall of the NC-YOLO v3 model can reach 99.00%, the precision can reach 97.80%, and the average precision can reach 97.18%. Compared with the original model, average precision was increased by 4.13 percentage points, and the amount of network parameters removed was 13.81 MB; in terms of single-ox skeleton extraction, the 8-Stacked Hourglass network was used to detect key point positions, and the mean average precision can reach 90.75%. In terms of multi cattle skeleton extraction, compared with the model constructed by YOLO v3, the mean average precision of the model constructed by NC-YOLO v3 was increased by 4.11 percentage points to 66.05%. © 2022, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 30

Main heading: Extraction

Controlled terms: Beef  -  Behavioral research  -  Image enhancement  -  Musculoskeletal system

Uncontrolled terms: Beef cattle  -  Key point detection  -  Keypoints  -  Multi-target skeleton extraction  -  Multi-targets  -  Point detection  -  Receptive field block  -  Receptive fields  -  Skeleton extraction  -  Targets detection   -  YOLO v3

Classification code: 461.3 Biomechanics, Bionics and Biomimetics  -  461.4 Ergonomics and Human Factors Engineering  -  802.3 Chemical Operations  -  822.3 Food Products  -  971 Social Sciences

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 6.605E+01%, Percentage 9.075E+01%, Percentage 9.718E+01%, Percentage 9.78E+01%, Percentage 9.90E+01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2022.03.030

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2022 Elsevier Inc.

33. Review for Deep Learning in Land Use and Land Cover Remote Sensing Classification

Accession number: 20221511962130

Title of translation: /

Authors: Feng, Quanlong (1, 2); Niu, Bowen (1); Zhu, Dehai (1, 2); Chen, Boan (1); Zhang, Chao (1, 2); Yang, Jianyu (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100193, China; (2) Key Laboratory for Agricultural Land Quality Monitoring and Control, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing; 100193, China

Corresponding authors: Zhu, Dehai(zhudehai@cau.edu.cn); Zhu, Dehai(zhudehai@cau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 53

Issue: 3

Issue date: March 25, 2022

Publication year: 2022

Pages: 1-17

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Accurate land use and land cover (LULC) mapping based on remote sensing image classification has been a hot topic nowadays. Recently, deep learning, especially convolutional neural network, has achieved promising results in computer vision tasks, which has also been introduced into the field of LULC mapping. Compared with classic machine learning methods, deep learning is capable of extracting the most representative features from remote sensing images, however, its performance is depended on massive labeled data. Considering deep learning has been widely used in LULC classification, the objective was to provide a comprehensive review of deep learning from the following perspectives as sample dataset, model structure and training strategy. Specifically, from the perspective of samples, the most commonly used LULC sample dataset was summarized and their academic influence was analyzed. From the perspective of models, the latest research of deep learning models were reviewed, including convolutional neural network, recurrent neural network, fully convolutional network. From the perspective of training strategies, various training methods that could tackle the data-hunger issue of deep learning were summarized, including active learning, semi-supervised learning, weakly-supervised learning, self-supervised learning, transfer learning. Finally, an outlook of deep learning in LULC mapping was provided, which was still from three perspectives of sample dataset, model structure and training strategy. Through the construction of large-scale LULC sample dataset, improvement of deep learning model structure and the increase of spatial-temporal generalization capability under limited samples, LULC remote sensing classification could yield a better performance and accuracy in future study. © 2022, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 168

Main heading: Land use

Controlled terms: Classification (of information)  -  Convolution  -  Convolutional neural networks  -  Image classification  -  Large dataset  -  Mapping  -  Recurrent neural networks  -  Remote sensing  -  Supervised learning

Uncontrolled terms: Deep learning  -  Land cover  -  Land use and land cover  -  Land use and land cover mapping  -  Modelling strategies  -  Remote sensing classification  -  Sample dataset  -  Sample models  -  Sample-model-strategy  -  Training strategy

Classification code: 403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development  -  405.3 Surveying  -  716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing  -  723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing  -  903.1 Information Sources and Analysis

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2022.03.001

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2022 Elsevier Inc.

34. Determination Method of Field Wheat Flowering Period Baesd on Machine Vision

Accession number: 20221511962160

Title of translation:

Authors: Liu, Ping (1); Liu, Lipeng (1); Wang, Chunying (1); Zhu, Yanjun (1); Wang, Hongwei (2); Li, Xiang (2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an; 271018, China; (2) College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an; 271018, China

Corresponding author: Li, Xiang(lixiang@sdau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 53

Issue: 3

Issue date: March 25, 2022

Publication year: 2022

Pages: 251-258

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: The timing of flowering is one of the important indexes of wheat breeding, but it is difficult to detect the flowering stage from a large number of wheat breeding materials accurately and quickly. A method to determine the flowering date of wheat based on comprehensive color features and super-pixel segmentation algorithm was proposed. Firstly, according to the light intensity and image clarity, the excess red color component of comprehensive color features, the saturation component of HSV color space and the normalized red green color component were adaptively adjusted to enhance the difference between florets and spikelets. Secondly, the clustering rules of the super-pixel segmentation algorithm were improved based on the center distance function and the gray change function to obtain the image region composed of adjacent pixels with homogeneous features. Then the image area path search algorithm was optimized to achieve accurate segmentation of each image area, and the classification of each image area was completed through grayscale and contrast indicators to achieve accurate and rapid segmentation of florets and spikelets, and the flowering period was determined according to the proportion of floret and spikelet. The experimental results showed that the average computing time of the proposed algorithm was 0.172 s, the average recognition accuracy of floret was 91%, the average recognition accuracy of spikelet was 90.9%, the average error between the predicted flowering rate and the actual was only 1.16%, which met the basic requirements of determining the flowering date of wheat in the field. © 2022, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 24

Main heading: Image recognition

Controlled terms: Clustering algorithms  -  Color  -  Color image processing  -  Image enhancement  -  Image segmentation  -  Pixels

Uncontrolled terms: Color features  -  Comprehensive color feature  -  Determination of flowering stage  -  Field-phenotype  -  Flowering stage  -  Segmentation algorithms  -  Super pixel segmentation  -  Super pixels  -  Wheat  -  Wheat breeding

Classification code: 741.1 Light/Optics  -  903.1 Information Sources and Analysis

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.16E+00%, Percentage 9.09E+01%, Percentage 9.10E+01%, Time 1.72E-01s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2022.03.026

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2022 Elsevier Inc.

35. Internal Land Use Landscape of Rural Settlements in Ecological Conservation Area

Accession number: 20221511962173

Title of translation:

Authors: Tang, Xiumei (1, 2); Liu, Yu (1, 2); Ren, Yanmin (1, 2); Yang, Ya’nan (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) Information Technology Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing; 100097, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Quantitative Remote Sensing in Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing; 100097, China

Corresponding authors: Liu, Yu(Liuyu@nercita.org.cn); Liu, Yu(Liuyu@nercita.org.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 53

Issue: 3

Issue date: March 25, 2022

Publication year: 2022

Pages: 189-196

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: The scientific division of detailed types of rural residential areas and the systematic analysis of their internal structures are the important basis for the compilation of village development plans and the implementation of different renovation measures. Taking the existing residential areas as the same object, the internal structures and regional differences in Miyun Distirct were studied deeply based on the detailed classification data of rural residential areas and the conservation scope of the Miyun District. Comprehensive methods such as Weaver-Thomas combination coefficient, Lorenz-curve, Gini-coefficient and landscape pattern analysis were applied to analyze the internal structure characteristics of rural residential areas. Three main results were found as follows: the rural residential areas in Miyun District were dominated by living space, supplemented by production and ecological space. The main types of uses included residence, agricultural production, industrial production and business travel service. As for spatial characteristics, the distribution of living space in rural residential areas was the most balanced, followed by the production space and ecological space. In addition, the proportion of ecological space in rural residential areas was higher inside water conservation zone than that outside this area. The types of uses of rural residential areas were various and the landscape showed the characteristic of fragmentation. Compared with the landscape outside the water conservation zone, the landscape inside this area was more aggregated and regular, indicating that the internal structures of rural residential areas were affected by the demarcation and management of water conservation zone to a certain extent. The research result can provide a reference for the efficient utilization and orderly renovation of land in rural areas. © 2022, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 30

Main heading: Water conservation

Controlled terms: Agriculture  -  Ecology  -  Housing  -  Land use  -  Rural areas  -  Water management

Uncontrolled terms: Balanced degree  -  Ecological conservation areas  -  Internal land use structure  -  Internal structure  -  Land-use structures  -  Living spaces  -  Miyun district  -  Rural residential areas  -  Rural settlement  -  Water conservation zone

Classification code: 403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development  -  403.1 Urban Planning and Development  -  444 Water Resources  -  454.3 Ecology and Ecosystems  -  821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2022.03.019

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2022 Elsevier Inc.

36. Design and Experiment of Rapid Detection System for Field Soil Conductivity

Accession number: 20221511962183

Title of translation:

Authors: Han, Changjie (1); Yang, Wenqi (1, 2); Dou, Hanjie (2, 3); Wang, Xiu (2, 3); Hu, Li’na (2, 3); Zhai, Changyuan (2, 3)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi; 830052, China; (2) Beijing Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture, Beijing; 100097, China; (3) National Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing; 100097, China

Corresponding authors: Zhai, Changyuan(zhaicy@nercita.org.cn); Zhai, Changyuan(zhaicy@nercita.org.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 53

Issue: 3

Issue date: March 25, 2022

Publication year: 2022

Pages: 301-310

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Soil conductivity is an important parameter of soil environment and can be used as an important data to evaluate soil fertility and productivity and make precise fertilization prescriptions. Based on the principle of “four-terminal method”, a vehicle-mounted fast detection and acquisition system for soil conductivity in field was designed. The system included AC constant current signal source, signal detection and conditioning circuit, and GNSS positioning system, which can realize fast detection of soil conductivity in different areas. The influence laws of soil water content, soluble salt conductivity, electrode penetration depth and soil temperature on four-terminal electrode output signal were explored through four-factor and five-level center combination experiment, and the predictive regression equation of conductivity of soil solution (ECw) was established. The regression coefficient R2 of the equation was 0.996 1. The field tests were carried out with the system installed on the soil conductivity testing device. The system detection data were calculated based on the regression equation and compared with the actual values of the laboratory soil sample testing. The test results showed that the regression model established in the laboratory could be used to calculate the conductivity of field soil solution. The sensor data obtained by the system on the same or similar path were stable. The predicted value of soil solution conductivity had a similar trend with the actual value in this region, and could be used for fast and real-time detection of soil solution conductivity (ECw) in field. The research result can lay a foundation for further research on variable fertilization control technology based on soil conductivity. © 2022, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 33

Main heading: Soil moisture

Controlled terms: Electrodes  -  Regression analysis  -  Signal detection  -  Soil testing

Uncontrolled terms: Conductivity  -  Fast detections  -  Field soil  -  Four-terminal method  -  In-field  -  Rapid detection  -  Soil conductivity  -  Soil solutions  -  Terminal method  -  Variable fertilizations

Classification code: 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics  -  716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing  -  922.2 Mathematical Statistics

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2022.03.032

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2022 Elsevier Inc.

37. Recognition Method of Laying Hens’ Vocalizations Based on Multi-feature Fusion

Accession number: 20221511962147

Title of translation:

Authors: Yu, Ligen (1, 2); Du, Tiantian (1, 3); Yu, Qinyang (1, 2); Liu, Tonghai (3); Meng, Rui (1); Li, Qifeng (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) Information Technology Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing; 100097, China; (2) National Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing; 100097, China; (3) College of Computer and Information Engineering, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin; 300384, China

Corresponding authors: Li, Qifeng(liqf@nercita.org.cn); Li, Qifeng(liqf@nercita.org.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 53

Issue: 3

Issue date: March 25, 2022

Publication year: 2022

Pages: 259-265

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Vocalization is a direct expression of poultry’s rich body information, physiological characteristics, stress response and health status, which can be used to characterize emotional health changes, physiological growth feedback, and feeding regulation with the advantages of non-invasive, non-stress and continuous monitoring. In order to make better use of audio multi-dimensional features to classify poultry vocalizations, a recognition method for laying hens’ vocalizations based on multi-feature fusion was proposed. Typical calls of laying hens such as egg laying, singing, feeding and screeching in perching system were collected and analyzed, the Mel frequency cestrum coefficient, short-time zero-crossing rate, formants and first-order difference were computed by Matlab software. The classification and recognition models of laying hens’ vocalizations were established based on genetic algorithm optimized BP neural network according to the multi-feature fusion. The results showed that the average recognition rate by this method for laying hens’ sounds of egg laying, singing, feeding and screeching was 91.9%, and the accuracies were 90.2%, 93.0%, 93.3% and 92.2%, respectively; and their sensitivities were 94.9%, 90.0%, 89.4% and 91.8%, respectively. The average accuracy and sensitivity were 92.2% and 91.5%, respectively. It was found that this recognition method of laying hens’ vocalizations based on multi-feature fusion had a higher classification accuracy and sensitivity, which could be used for automatic discrimination and classification for different livestock and poultry sounds. © 2022, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 30

Main heading: Feeding

Controlled terms: Agriculture  -  Classification (of information)  -  Genetic algorithms  -  MATLAB  -  Music  -  Neural networks  -  Physiological models  -  Physiology

Uncontrolled terms: Classification and recognition  -  Laying hen’ vocalization  -  Laying hens  -  Mel frequencies  -  Mel frequency cestrum coefficient  -  Multi-feature fusion  -  Perching system  -  Physiological characteristics  -  Recognition methods  -  Zero crossing rate

Classification code: 461.9 Biology  -  691.2 Materials Handling Methods  -  716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing  -  723.5 Computer Applications  -  821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control  -  903.1 Information Sources and Analysis  -  921 Mathematics

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 8.94E+01%, Percentage 9.00E+01%, Percentage 9.02E+01%, Percentage 9.15E+01%, Percentage 9.18E+01%, Percentage 9.19E+01%, Percentage 9.22E+01%, Percentage 9.30E+01%, Percentage 9.33E+01%, Percentage 9.49E+01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2022.03.027

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2022 Elsevier Inc.

38. Prediction of Heat Transfer Performance of Gridding Low Temperature Phase Change Heat Storage Unit

Accession number: 20221511962249

Title of translation:

Authors: Guo, Xiao (1, 2); Qiu, Yunfeng (1); Wang, Yahui (1, 2); Shi, Zhiguo (2); Tian, Rui (1, 2); Cui, Ruijun (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Energy and Power Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Huhhot; 010051, China; (2) Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Huhhot; 010051, China

Corresponding authors: Tian, Rui(tianr@imut.edu.cn); Tian, Rui(tianr@imut.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 53

Issue: 3

Issue date: March 25, 2022

Publication year: 2022

Pages: 384-391

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: The low temperature phase change heat storage unit with tubular internal flow gridding was designed. The key factors affecting the heat transfer coefficient of the phase change heat storage unit were determined, and the influence of single factor on the heat transfer coefficient of phase change heat storage unit was analyzed. In the case of heat storage and heat release, the prediction model of heat transfer coefficient of the phase change heat storage unit was established by using the improved multivariate nonlinear regression method, and the fitting error was tested. The results showed that the heat transfer coefficient of the phase change heat storage unit was synergistically influenced by the average temperature of the phase change heat storage material side and the qualitative temperature of the heat transfer working medium side. The average temperature of phase change heat storage material side was the main influencing factor, the qualitative temperature of heat transfer medium side was the secondary influencing factor. And there was significant interaction between the above two. In the case of heat storage or heat release, the change law of heat transfer coefficient of phase change heat storage unit with single factor was basically consistent, the heat transfer coefficient in the heat storage stage was obviously higher than that in the heat release stage. The average relative errors of the prediction model of heat transfer coefficient of phase change heat storage boxes were all less than 5.00%. Based on this study, the intelligent phase change constant temperature system configuration in agricultural greenhouses could be guided and optimized. © 2022, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 26

Main heading: Heat transfer coefficients

Controlled terms: Forecasting  -  Heat storage  -  Regression analysis  -  Storage (materials)  -  Temperature

Uncontrolled terms: Gridding  -  Heat release  -  Heat storage units  -  Heat transfer co-efficients  -  Influence factor  -  Low temperature phase  -  Model of heat transfers  -  Non-linear regression  -  Phase change heat storages  -  Prediction modelling

Classification code: 641.1 Thermodynamics  -  641.2 Heat Transfer  -  694.4 Storage  -  922.2 Mathematical Statistics

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 5.00E+00%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2022.03.041

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2022 Elsevier Inc.

39. Optimal Design and Experiment of Integrated Fan of Air Suction Potato Planter

Accession number: 20221511962280

Title of translation:

Authors: Lü, Jinqing (1); Zhu, Mingfang (1); Zhu, Xiaoxin (1); Li, Jicheng (1); Su, Wenhai (1); Liu, Zhongyuan (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China

Corresponding author: Zhu, Xiaoxin(1836291066@qq.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 53

Issue: 3

Issue date: March 25, 2022

Publication year: 2022

Pages: 80-90

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Aiming at the problems of large number of fans, large structure size and complicated transmission of the currently developed air suction potato planter, the integrated fan of the air suction potato planter was optimized. The main structure and working principle were explained, the required wind pressure was determined through mechanical analysis of the seeding process, and the numerical simulation and kinematics analysis of the internal flow field of the fan were carried out. Rotation orthogonal combination test was adopted, the outer diameter of the impeller, the number of blades, and the speed of the impeller were used as the test factors, and the negative pressure at the air inlet and the positive pressure at the blow pipe outlet were used as the test indicators. The test results were analyzed and the structural parameters of the fan device were optimized. When the outer diameter of the impeller was 1 099 mm, the number of blades was 10, and the impeller speed was 2 532 r/min, the negative pressure at the air inlet was 11.6 kPa, and the positive pressure at the blow pipe outlet was 3.7 kPa. The optimized integrated fan and the dual fan were compared in the field. The analysis results showed that the optimized integrated fan had an operating replay index of 2.34%, a missed broadcast index of 2.35%, and a pass index of 95.31%. Compared with the dual fan, the rear integrated fan operation replay index was decreased by 14.0%, the missed broadcast index was decreased by 17.0%, and the pass index was increased by 0.92%, which improved the operation quality of the potato planter. © 2022, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 25

Main heading: Impellers

Controlled terms: Fans  -  Numerical models  -  Structural dynamics  -  Wind effects

Uncontrolled terms: Air suction  -  Air suction planter  -  Centrifugal fans  -  Large structures  -  Negative pressures  -  Optimal design  -  Optimal experiments  -  Outer diameters  -  Positive pressure  -  Potato

Classification code: 408 Structural Design  -  443.1 Atmospheric Properties  -  601.2 Machine Components  -  618.3 Blowers and Fans  -  921 Mathematics

Numerical data indexing: Angular velocity 8.8844E+00rad/s, Percentage 1.40E+01%, Percentage 1.70E+01%, Percentage 2.34E+00%, Percentage 2.35E+00%, Percentage 9.20E-01%, Percentage 9.531E+01%, Pressure 1.16E+04Pa, Pressure 3.70E+03Pa, Size 9.90E-02m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2022.03.008

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2022 Elsevier Inc.

40. Voronoi Diagram Path Planning Based on Skeleton Key Points Re-planning

Accession number: 20221511962195

Title of translation: Voronoi

Authors: Zhu, Jianyang (1, 2); Zhang, Xuyang (1); Jiang, Lin (1, 2); Li, Jun (3); Lei, Bin (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) Key Laboratory of Metallurgical Equipment and Control Technology, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan; 430081, China; (2) Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan; 430081, China; (3) Hubei Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmission and Manufacturing Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan; 430081, China

Corresponding authors: Jiang, Lin(jianglin76@wust.edu.cn); Jiang, Lin(jianglin76@wust.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 53

Issue: 3

Issue date: March 25, 2022

Publication year: 2022

Pages: 215-224 and 250

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: The Voronoi diagram generated by the current Voronoi path planning algorithm is bending redundant. Real-time performance of planning path based on Voronoi map is poor. Robots have many turning points, high time cost and low efficiency when navigating. A Voronoi diagram path planning algorithm based on skeleton key points re-planning was proposed. Firstly, robots built a two-dimensional environmental grid map with a mapping algorithm. The grid map constructed by the robot was pretreated. The noise and edges in the map was removed, and the tiny cracks on the boundary were filled. Secondly, the skeleton of the map was extracted. The key points in the skeleton were searched. Then the extracted key points were divided into end points and branch points. The connection relationship between each key point was found and the key points were reconnected according to the new connection relationship between adjacent points to generate a new and simpler skeleton. Finally, the path planned in each navigation was sampled down gradiently and smoothed. It was proved that the skeleton generated by the proposed algorithm was more concise and had less data than the current Voronoi diagram and skeleton.The robot can plan the straight path more quickly and had good real-time performance based on the optimized Voronoi map. The planned path was shorter. Robot had less turning points. And robot can quickly arrive at destination in the navigation process, and the navigation efficiency was high. © 2022, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 29

Main heading: Motion planning

Controlled terms: Computational geometry  -  Conformal mapping  -  Efficiency  -  Musculoskeletal system  -  Navigation  -  Robots

Uncontrolled terms: ’current  -  Key point re-planning  -  Keypoints  -  Map pretreatment  -  Path-planning algorithm  -  Path-smoothing  -  Pre-treatments  -  Re-planning  -  Voronoi  -  Voronoi diagrams

Classification code: 461.3 Biomechanics, Bionics and Biomimetics  -  723.5 Computer Applications  -  731.5 Robotics  -  913.1 Production Engineering  -  921.4 Combinatorial Mathematics, Includes Graph Theory, Set Theory

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2022.03.022

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2022 Elsevier Inc.

41. Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Topsoil Structure of Farmland in Dry Farming Region of Huang-Huai-Hai

Accession number: 20221511962255

Title of translation:

Authors: Li, Yong (1); Zhao, Yunze (1); Gou, Yuxuan (1); Yu, Ruyue (1); Huang, Yuanfang (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100193, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Agricultural Land Quality and Monitoring, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing; 100193, China

Corresponding authors: Huang, Yuanfang(yfhuang@cau.edu.cn); Huang, Yuanfang(yfhuang@cau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 53

Issue: 3

Issue date: March 25, 2022

Publication year: 2022

Pages: 321-330

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to explore the structure characteristics of topsoil in dry farming region of Huang-Huai-Hai, geostatistics and Mann-Kendall test methods were used to identify the position and thickness of plough layer and compacted layer in the dry farming region based on the data of soil penetration resistance, and the spatial variation characteristics and influencing factors of the plough layer and compacted layer were explored. The results showed that soil bulk density, water content and soil texture were the main influencing factors of penetration resistance. Compared with topsoil, penetration resistance of deeper soil was more affected by water content and organic matter content. There was a compacted layer in the soil profile in the study areas and the spatial variability of the compacted layer was heterogeneous. The area of thicker compacted layer was mainly concentrated in the northern of Anhui Province, with an average thickness of 12.38 cm, and Henan Province had a relatively thick tillage layer, with an average thickness of 19.31 cm. In addition to natural factors, agricultural mechanical tillage was an important factor affecting the thickness and penetration resistance of soil compacted layer and plough layer. The high total power area of agricultural machinery presented the characteristics of thinner tillage layer, thicker compaction layer and larger penetration resistance. © 2022, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 42

Main heading: Agriculture

Controlled terms: Agricultural machinery  -  Soils  -  Textures

Uncontrolled terms: Compacted layer  -  Dry farming  -  Geo-statistics  -  Huang-huai-hai dry farming region  -  Penetration resistances  -  Plow layer  -  Soil penetration resistance  -  Structure characteristic  -  Topsoil  -  Topsoil structure

Classification code: 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics  -  821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control  -  821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment

Numerical data indexing: Size 1.238E-01m, Size 1.931E-01m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2022.03.034

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2022 Elsevier Inc.

42. Design and Tests of Road Feel Simulation System for Teleoperated Tractors

Accession number: 20221511962139

Title of translation:

Authors: Xue, Jinlin (1); Cao, Zijian (1); Li, Yuqing (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing; 210031, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 53

Issue: 3

Issue date: March 25, 2022

Publication year: 2022

Pages: 432-439

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: To make the teleoperated tractor driver have more intuitive feeling of the road information, road feel simulation system was designed on the basis of the teleoperation system for tractors that was designed before. By referring to the research ideas of road feel in the steer-by-wire system and combining sensor measurement method and parameter fitting method, the road sense was tested and simulated on the platform of teleoperated tractor. First of all, the overall design scheme of road feel simulation system was proposed. Then, through the analysis of the mechanism of tractor road feel, and the transformation of the steering actuator and controller of the teleoperation tractor, the road feel test system was designed. Finally, according to the road feel test system, the steering resistance torque of teleoperated tractor was measured on the grass and cement roads at different speeds, and the simulation test of road feel was carried out on the grass and cement roads by using the Logitech steering wheel. The test results showed that the steering torque of teleoperated tractor on different roads varied greatly, but the overall trend was the same. At first, the steering torque was increased with the increase of the angle, and it began to fall when the steering wheel angle was between 100° and 120° and rose slightly when the steering wheel angle was about 200°. The road feel of teleoperation tractor was simulated by the G29 steering wheel of Logitech, and the score of evaluation indexes were between 6.3 and 8.5, which showed that the simulated road feel satisfied the driver. © 2022, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 25

Main heading: Remote control

Controlled terms: Automobile steering equipment  -  Cements  -  Highway planning  -  Roads and streets  -  Tractors (agricultural)  -  Tractors (truck)  -  Wheels

Uncontrolled terms: Cement road  -  Logitech  -  Road feel simulation  -  Simulation systems  -  Steering systems  -  Steering torque  -  Steering wheel  -  Teleoperated  -  Test systems  -  Tractor

Classification code: 406.2 Roads and Streets  -  412.1 Cement  -  432.1 Highway Transportation, General  -  601.2 Machine Components  -  662.4 Automobile and Smaller Vehicle Components  -  663.1 Heavy Duty Motor Vehicles  -  731.1 Control Systems  -  821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment  -  912.2 Management

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2022.03.046

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2022 Elsevier Inc.

43. Structural Parameters of Spherical 4R Mechanism with Multiple Modes

Accession number: 20221511962295

Title of translation: 4R

Authors: Liu, Wei (1, 2); Liu, Hongzhao (1); Hu, Xuyu (1)

Author affiliation: (1) Faculty of Mechanical and Precision Instrument Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an; 710048, China; (2) School of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering, Xi’an Polytechnic University, Xi’an; 710048, China

Corresponding author: Liu, Hongzhao(liu-hongzhao@163.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 53

Issue: 3

Issue date: March 25, 2022

Publication year: 2022

Pages: 440-448

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Based on the theory of algebraic geometry, the kinematic equation of spherical 4R mechanism was studied in combination with the judging condition of factorization of bivariate algebraic equation, and an analytical method for determining the structural parameters of spherical 4R mechanism with multi-mode was proposed. Five kinds of spherical 4R mechanisms with constrained singular configurations were found, among which the multi-mode spherical 4R mechanisms can be divided into four types: two rotational motion modes with fixed axis and variable axis, two rotational motion modes with variable axis, one rotational motion mode with variable axis and two rotational motion modes with fixed axis, and four rotational motion modes with fixed axis. The instantaneous rotation axes of spherical 4R linkage in constrained singular configuration were calculated. When the spherical 4R mechanism was in the constrained singular configuration, the instantaneous rotation axes of its connecting rod were not coincident. There were two instantaneous rotation axes of spherical 4R linkage in constrained singular configuration. When the spherical 4R mechanism with constrained singular configuration and only one motion mode was in constrained singular configuration, its motion mode did not necessarily change, although its motion may bifurcate. Bifurcation mechanism and multi-mode mechanism were not equal. Using this method, the motion modes of spherical 4R mechanism were analyzed comprehensively, which had certain theoretical value for studying the influence of structural parameters of multi-mode single loop single degree of freedom mechanism on its motion modes and expanding the type of multi-mode mechanism. © 2022, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 21

Main heading: Rotational flow

Controlled terms: Algebra  -  Degrees of freedom (mechanics)  -  Rotation  -  Spheres

Uncontrolled terms: Axis rotation  -  Motion modes  -  Multimodes  -  Prime decomposition  -  Rotation axes  -  Rotational motion  -  Singular configurations  -  Spherical 4r mechanism  -  Structural parameter  -  Variable axis rotation

Classification code: 631.1 Fluid Flow, General  -  921.1 Algebra  -  931.1 Mechanics

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2022.03.047

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2022 Elsevier Inc.

44. Plant Leaf Disease Identification Based on Lightweight Residual Network

Accession number: 20221511962182

Title of translation:

Authors: Li, Shuqin (1); Chen, Cong (1); Zhu, Tong (1); Liu, Bin (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Information Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; 712100, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 53

Issue: 3

Issue date: March 25, 2022

Publication year: 2022

Pages: 243-250

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: The plant leaf disease recognition method based on convolutional neural network has the problem of numerous network parameters, large amount of calculation and complexity.To solve this problem, combined with the characteristics of plant leaf diseases, a plant leaf disease recognition method based on lightweight residual network (Scale-Down ResNet) was proposed.The network was based on Residual Network (ResNet), by reducing the number of convolution kernels and the network module of SD-BLOCK, the network parameters and computational complexity were greatly reduced, while the recognition error rate was kept low.Then the Squeeze-and-Excitation module was added to further reduce the recognition error rate.Experiments on the PlantVillage data set showed that when parameters were 8×104 and calculation amout MFLOPs was 55, the recognition error rate of model was 0.55%.When parameters reached 2.8×105 and calculation amount MFLOPs was 176, the recognition error rate of model was 0.32%, which was lower than that of ResNet-18, and the parameter was about 1/39 of ResNet-18 and the amount of calculation was about 1/10 of ResNet-18. Compared with MobileNet V3 and ShuffleNet V2, the proposed network model was lighter and had lower recognition error rate.At the same time, the low recognition error rate of 1.52% was obtained on self built apple leaf disease data set. © 2022, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 26

Main heading: Convolution

Controlled terms: Complex networks  -  Convolutional neural networks  -  Errors

Uncontrolled terms: Disease identification  -  Error rate  -  Leaf disease  -  Lightweight network  -  Network parameters  -  Plant leaves  -  Recognition error  -  Recognition methods  -  Residual network  -  Squeeze-and-excitation network

Classification code: 716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing  -  722 Computer Systems and Equipment

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.52E+00%, Percentage 3.20E-01%, Percentage 5.50E-01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2022.03.025

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2022 Elsevier Inc.

45. Rice Row Recognition and Navigation Control Based on Multi-sensor Fusion

Accession number: 20221511962268

Title of translation:

Authors: He, Jing (1, 2); He, Jie (1, 2); Luo, Xiwen (1, 2); Li, Weicong (1, 2); Man, Zhongxian (1, 2); Feng, Dawen (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) Key Laboratory of Key Technology on Agricultural Machine and Equipment, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou; 510642, China; (2) Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Artificial Intelligence, Guangzhou; 510642, China

Corresponding authors: He, Jie(hooget@scau.edu.cn); He, Jie(hooget@scau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 53

Issue: 3

Issue date: March 25, 2022

Publication year: 2022

Pages: 18-26 and 137

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Automatic mechanical tracking of rice rows is the key to increase the automation of field management in rice production. In order to avoid field management machinery rolling rice rows, machine vision and 2D LiDAR information were integrated to identify rice rows and perform navigation control of rice row tracking. Firstly, the rice row centroids were extracted from machine vision and LiDAR respectively, and the spatial coordinates and target areas were unified, and then a robust regression algorithm was used to fit the rice row centroids to obtain the navigation baseline and calculate the navigation parameters. Then a pre-sight tracking PID controller was designed. Finally, a rice row tracking and navigation test platform was built and experimental studies were conducted. The test results showed that the standard deviation of curve navigation test tracking simulated rice rows was 27.51 mm; the standard variance of lateral deviation of rice rows navigation test tracking mechanical shift was 43.03 mm and the standard variance of heading deviation was 3.38°. © 2022, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 35

Main heading: Navigation

Controlled terms: Computer vision  -  Information management  -  Machinery  -  Optical radar  -  Three term control systems

Uncontrolled terms: Field management  -  Fusion recognition  -  LiDAR  -  Machine-vision  -  Multi-sensor fusion  -  Navigation controls  -  Recognition control  -  Rice row  -  Standard variances  -  Tracking navigation

Classification code: 716.2 Radar Systems and Equipment  -  723.5 Computer Applications  -  731.1 Control Systems  -  741.2 Vision  -  741.3 Optical Devices and Systems

Numerical data indexing: Size 2.751E-02m, Size 4.303E-02m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2022.03.002

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2022 Elsevier Inc.

46. Recognition of Animal Drug Pathogenicity Named Entity Based on Att-Aux-BERT-BiLSTM-CRF

Accession number: 20221511962128

Title of translation: Att-Aux-BERT-BiLSTM-CRF

Authors: Yang, Lu (1); Zhang, Tian (1); Zheng, Limin (1, 2); Tian, Lijun (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Beijing Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Beijing; 100083, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 53

Issue: 3

Issue date: March 25, 2022

Publication year: 2022

Pages: 294-300

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to solve the problems that traditional methods of veterinary drug named entity recognition rely on artificial design features, which is time-consuming and labor-consuming, and the amount of veterinary drug pathogenic corpus data is less in the process of building veterinary drug pathogenic knowledge graph, a method based on Att-Aux-BERT-BiLSTM-CRF of veterinary drug text named entity recognition model was proposed, which combined BERT-BiLSTM-CRF models by introducing attention mechanism and auxiliary classification layer.The text was vectorized by the BERT preprocessing model, and then connected to bi-directional long-short term memory network.The auxiliary classification mechanism was introduced, the output of the BERT layer was used as the auxiliary classification layer, and the output of the BiLSTM layer was used as the main classification layer. The attention mechanism was proposed to combine auxiliary classification layer with main classification layer to improve the overall performance.Finally, it was sent to conditional random field to construct an end-to-end deep learning model framework suitable for veterinary drug name entity recognition.In the experiment, totally 10 643 sentences and 485 711 characters of veterinary drug text were selected to identify four kinds of entities: drug, adverse effect, intake mode, aimal. The results showed that the model can effectively identify the entities in the veterinary drug pathogenic text, and the F1 value of recognition was 96.7%. © 2022, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 28

Main heading: Deep learning

Controlled terms: Character recognition  -  Knowledge graph  -  Random processes  -  Text processing

Uncontrolled terms: Attention mechanisms  -  BERT  -  Deep learning  -  Design features  -  Knowledge graphs  -  Named entities  -  Named entity recognition  -  Pathogenics  -  Veterinary drug pathogenicity  -  Veterinary drugs

Classification code: 461.4 Ergonomics and Human Factors Engineering  -  723.4 Artificial Intelligence  -  903.1 Information Sources and Analysis  -  903.3 Information Retrieval and Use  -  922.1 Probability Theory

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 9.67E+01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2022.03.031

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2022 Elsevier Inc.

47. Obstacle Detection Based on Deep Learning for Blurred Farmland Images

Accession number: 20221511962226

Title of translation:

Authors: Xue, Jinlin (1); Li, Yuqing (1); Cao, Zijian (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing; 210031, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 53

Issue: 3

Issue date: March 25, 2022

Publication year: 2022

Pages: 234-242

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: When it is in real-time image acquisition, image blurring caused by lens defects, camera jitter, target movement and so on will result in poor precision of target detection by using the trained deep learning model. Here, a two-stage detection model based on an improved Faster R-CNN and an SSRN-DeblurNet was proposed to perform obstacle detection for blurred farmland images. In the first stage, sharpness evaluation and deblurring were carried out, and the simplified scale recurrent networks (SSRN-DeblurNet) was used for deblurring of blurred farmland images. In the second stage, obstacle detection was implemented by using the improved Faster R-CNN which was added a proposal region optimization network to improve the quality of the regions in the region proposal networks. Then, the proposed two-stage detection model was used to detect eight types of farmland obstacles with self-made blurred dataset. Compared with the original Faster R-CNN, the mean average precision (mAP) value was increased by 12.32 percentage points, and the average detection time of a single image was 0.53 s. The results showed that the proposed two-stage model can not only effectively reduce the false detection and missing detection of obstacles in blurred farmland images, but also can meet the real-time detection requirements of tractors operating at low speeds. © 2022, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 26

Main heading: Farms

Controlled terms: Convolutional neural networks  -  Image acquisition  -  Image enhancement  -  Obstacle detectors  -  Recurrent neural networks

Uncontrolled terms: Blurred image  -  Deblurring  -  Detection models  -  Image blurring  -  Obstacles detection  -  Real-time image acquisitions  -  SSRN-deblurnet  -  Target movements  -  Targets detection  -  Two-stage detections

Classification code: 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications  -  821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control

Numerical data indexing: Time 5.30E-01s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2022.03.024

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2022 Elsevier Inc.

48. Design and Kinematic Analysis of New Multi-mode Hilly Orchard Mobile Parallel Mechanism with Folding Platform

Accession number: 20221511962127

Title of translation:

Authors: Zhang, Chunyan (1); Ping, An (1)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai; 201620, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 53

Issue: 3

Issue date: March 25, 2022

Publication year: 2022

Pages: 449-458

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: A novel multi-mode mobile parallel robot with folding and deploying platform was proposed to make mobile mechanism adapt in hilly and mountainous agricultural environment. The design and research of mobile robot mechanism has become a very important exploration direction of robot mechanism. The design of the multi-mode mobile parallel mechanism was composed of the spatial geometric relationship of the rotating pair and the principle of interference. The mechanism platform was constructed on the 8R structure, and the bending rate variation curve of the platform was obtained during the folding process and the optimized platform parameters were determined. The screw theory and graph theory was used to draw the topological diagram of the movement and folding modes. Topological constraint diagram was used to calculate the degree-of-freedom (DOF) of each mode. The mode switching principle was used to analyze of the robot. Movement process of the robot was proved by ADAMS. Finally, prototype was concluded that the movement process of the robot was stable and reliable, which can provide a good mobile mechanism carrier for the later installation of pesticide spraying, seed sowing, and patrol monitoring application modules. It was of great significance to further explore the use of multi-modal mobile robots in agriculture. © 2022, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 29

Main heading: Graph theory

Controlled terms: Curve fitting  -  Degrees of freedom (mechanics)  -  Machine design  -  Mechanisms  -  Mobile robots  -  Seed

Uncontrolled terms: Design Analysis  -  Folding and deploying platform  -  Foldings  -  Kinematic Analysis  -  Mobile mechanism  -  Mode-switching  -  Movement characteristics  -  Multi-mode mobile parallel mechanism  -  Multimodes  -  Parallel mechanisms

Classification code: 601 Mechanical Design  -  601.3 Mechanisms  -  731.5 Robotics  -  821.4 Agricultural Products  -  921.4 Combinatorial Mathematics, Includes Graph Theory, Set Theory  -  921.6 Numerical Methods  -  931.1 Mechanics

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2022.03.048

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2022 Elsevier Inc.