2020年增刊2共收录74篇

1. Review of Weeds Recognition Based on Image Processing

Accession number: 20205209681594

Title of translation:

Authors: Yuan, Hongbo (1); Zhao, Nudong (1); Cheng, Man (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding; 071001, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 51

Issue date: December 18, 2020

Publication year: 2020

Pages: 323-334

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Weeds is an important factor leading to crop yield reduction, how to identify accurately is the premise and basis of weed management. With the progress of computer and information technology, the combination of machine vision and image processing has become the mainstream method of weed detection and recognition. From the point of view of image preprocessing, segmentation, feature extraction and classification, the current research progress of field weed recognition at home and abroad, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of various segmentation, extraction and recognition methods were introduced in detail. In addition, the effects of light environment, the occlusion and overlap of leaves, and the optimization of classifiers in weed detection in the field were analyzed and discussed. Finally, the suggestions and prospects for the current research trend of weed identification were put forward. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 66

Main heading: Image segmentation

Controlled terms: Extraction? - ?Weed control

Uncontrolled terms: Feature extraction and classification? - ?Image preprocessing? - ?Light environment? - ?Recognition methods? - ?Research trends? - ?Weed identification? - ?Weed management? - ?Weed recognition

Classification code: 802.3 Chemical Operations

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S2.038

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

2. Design and Simulation of Entire Track Modular Unmanned Agricultural Power Chassis

Accession number: 20205209681944

Title of translation:

Authors: Gao, Qiaoming (1); Pan, Dong (1); Zhang, Xing (1); Deng, Feiyi (1); Huang, Donghui (1); Wang, Lianqi (2)

Author affiliation: (1) Guangxi Key Laboratory of Automobile Component and Vehicle Technology, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou; 545616, China; (2) Guangxi Hepu Huilaibao Machinery Manufacturing Co. Ltd., Beihai; 536100, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 51

Issue date: December 18, 2020

Publication year: 2020

Pages: 561-570

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: To improve the agricultural mechanization rate, an entire-track modular unmanned agricultural power chassis with reasonable cost and convenient maintenance was presented based on the structure of the traditional articulated mountain tractor drive train for the unstructured roads such as mountains and hills and the complex and diverse crop growth environment. Meanwhile, in order to improve the passing performance and stability performance, the structure and topology optimization analysis of the crawler walking device base frame and the driving wheel support of chassis walking system were carried out. Furtherly, the quick-connect device of the farm implements mounting module and the three-point linkage with PTO were designed. The quick-connect device can be used to replace different attachments to achieve different operations of the whole machine to improve the utilization rate of the whole machine. The differential steering device with motor compensation power can realize in-situ steering and improve the mobility of unmanned agricultural power chassis. Finally, the digital automation transformation was realized for the future intelligent manufacturing. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 25

Main heading: Chassis

Controlled terms: Agricultural implements? - ?Agricultural robots? - ?Agriculture? - ?Machinery? - ?Structural optimization

Uncontrolled terms: Agricultural mechanization? - ?Design and simulation? - ?Differential steering? - ?Digital automation? - ?Intelligent Manufacturing? - ?Stability performance? - ?Utilization rates? - ?Walking systems

Classification code: 662.4 Automobile and Smaller Vehicle Components? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control? - ?821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment? - ?921.5 Optimization Techniques

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S2.069

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

3. Optimization and Test of Small Plant Spacing Planting Mechanism Rod for Transplanter

Accession number: 20205209681817

Title of translation:

Authors: Li, Pengbin (1); Yan, Hua (1, 2); Wang, Pinlong (1); Li, Ning (3); Wu, Haihua (1); Han, Lühua (4)

Author affiliation: (1) Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Sciences, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Soil-Plant-Machinery System Technology, Beijing; 100083, China; (3) Guizhou Mountain Agricultural Machinery Research Institute, Guiyang; 550002, China; (4) Jiangsu Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology Collaborative Innovation Center, Zhenjiang; 212013, China

Corresponding author: Yan, Hua(939980218@qq.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 51

Issue date: December 18, 2020

Publication year: 2020

Pages: 72-78

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: According to the agronomic requirements of small plant spacing for transplanting of clustered varieties of Guizhou pepper planting suitable for machine harvesting, the ISEKI PVHR2 transplanter was modified. After reducing the minimum plant spacing of the machine from 300 mm to 150 mm, the trajectory changes before and after plant spacing reduction were analyzed. With the goal of reducing the size of the hole and taking into account of the spatial position relationship between the planting device and the whole machine, the opening and closing time of the duckbill and the posture when entering the soil and receiving the seedlings, etcetera, the rods of the planting device were optimized. The optimized simulation results showed that the size of the hole was reduced from 91.1 mm to 66.3 mm. The transplanting experiment on the film was carried out according to the optimized size, and the test results showed that the width of the hole was slightly smaller than the theoretical analysis due to the elasticity of the mulch. The optimized planting device had a hole size of about 60 mm when the planting distance was 150 mm, which met the requirements of use. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 22

Main heading: Seed

Controlled terms: Agricultural machinery

Uncontrolled terms: Guizhou? - ?Hole size? - ?Optimized simulation? - ?Plant spacing? - ?Spatial positions? - ?Whole machine

Classification code: 821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products

Numerical data indexing: Size 9.11e-02m to 6.63e-02m, Size 1.50e-01m, Size 3.00e-01m to 1.50e-01m, Size 6.00e-02m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S2.009

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

4. Design and Experiment of Constant Current Source of Four-terminal Conductivity Sensor

Accession number: 20205209681953

Title of translation:

Authors: Tao, Yi (1); Meng, Fanjia (1); Sheng, Wenyi (1)

Author affiliation: (1) Key Laboratory on Modern Precision Agriculture System Integration Research, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China

Corresponding author: Meng, Fanjia(mengfanjia@126.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 51

Issue date: December 18, 2020

Publication year: 2020

Pages: 415-420

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Soil information plays an important role in guiding agricultural production. Soil electrical conductivity reflects soil information such as soil moisture, salinity, clay content and type, it is significant to obtain soil electrical conductivity accurately for realizing agricultural fine production. Among all kinds of soil conductivity measurement methods, the four-terminal method is widely used in practical measurement because of its low cost, high precision, fast measurement speed and simple operation, its performance directly determines the accuracy and measuring range of the measuring instrument. The effect of three constant current sources on the measuring performance of the measuring instrument was compared. It was found that the four-terminal method using Howland constant current source had the best measuring accuracy and the high measuring ability, but the low measuring range was small. The measuring range of low conductivity by using improved Howland constant current source was enlarged and the measuring precision was good. The measuring range of low conductivity by using constant current source based on differential amplifier was the largest, the measuring range of high conductivity was better and the measuring accuracy was good. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 24

Main heading: Agriculture

Controlled terms: Agricultural robots? - ?Differential amplifiers? - ?Electric conductivity? - ?Soil moisture

Uncontrolled terms: Agricultural productions? - ?Conductivity sensors? - ?Constant current source? - ?Measuring accuracy? - ?Measuring instruments? - ?Measuring performance? - ?Measuring precision? - ?Soil electrical conductivity

Classification code: 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?701.1 Electricity: Basic Concepts and Phenomena? - ?713.1 Amplifiers? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S2.050

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

5. Kinematic Analysis and Experiment of Rotary Pick-up Mechanism on Seedling Pick-up Device

Accession number: 20205209681250

Title of translation:

Authors: Cui, Wei (1, 2); Zhao, Liang (1, 2); Liu, Lijing (2, 3); Liu, Zhongjun (1, 2); Zhao, Jinhui (2, 3); Zhao, Zhengbin (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) Modern Agricultural Equipment Co., Ltd., Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Sciences, Beijing; 100083, China; (3) State Key Laboratory of Soil-Plant-Machinery System Technology, Beijing; 100083, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 51

Issue date: December 18, 2020

Publication year: 2020

Pages: 79-84 and 98

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: A seedling pick-up mechanism which was driven by planetary second-order elliptic gear system was developed. The work principle and structural features of the seedling pick-up mechanism were introduced. The kinematics model was established, the kinematics property was analyzed and the kinematics simulation was carried out.Both the trajectory and pose of the seedling pick-up claw were all analyzed. According to vegetable transplanting agronomy, the best way of separating the seedlings from plug was discussed. Based on the analysis and the simulation mentioned above, structural parameters of the planetary second-order elliptic gear system were optimized, such as eccentricity ratio of the elliptic gear, the angle between the first middle gear and the second middle gear, the initial angle of planetary carrier and the initial installation angle of pick-up claw in respect to it. The optimized seedlings pick-up mechanism could take seedlings out of plug along a linear path and release it with upright posture. Finally, an experiment bench with rotary picking-up mechanism was developed and produced. Experiments were carried out to validate the optimization. The result of experiments showed that, at the working frequency of 80 plants per minute, the average success rate of picking-up seedling was 91.3%. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 20

Main heading: Pickups

Controlled terms: Kinematics

Uncontrolled terms: Eccentricity ratios? - ?Kinematic Analysis? - ?Kinematics modeling? - ?Kinematics properties? - ?Kinematics simulation? - ?Second order elliptic? - ?Structural feature? - ?Structural parameter

Classification code: 931.1 Mechanics

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 9.13e+01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S2.010

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

6. Modeling on Prediction of Evapotranspiration of Citrus Orchard Based on LSTM

Accession number: 20205209681049

Title of translation:

Authors: Xie, Jiaxing (1, 2); Gao, Peng (1); Sun, Daozong (1, 2); Chen, Wenbin (1); Chen, Shaonan (1); Wang, Weixing (1, 3)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Electronic Engineering, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou; 510642, China; (2) Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Monitoring Agricultural Information, Guangzhou; 510642, China; (3) Guangdong Modern Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Center for Intelligent Orchard, Guangzhou; 510642, China

Corresponding author: Wang, Weixing(weixing@scau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 51

Issue date: December 18, 2020

Publication year: 2020

Pages: 351-356

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Citrus is an important fruit and it’s strongly relevant between quality and irrigation. Traditional irrigation strategies relying on human experience caused two problems, i.e. inaccurate irrigation timing and quantity. Both of the two problems have negative influence on citrus. The evapotranspiration of citrus orchard is an important index of water consumption. In order to evaluate citrus orchard evapotranspiration (ET) to make more scientific and precise irrigation strategies, the long short-term memory (LSTM), extreme learning machine (ELM) and general regression neural network (GRNN) methods were applied to model ET and test its performance based on climatic data. The result showed that LSTM performed the best in mean absolute error (MAE) and root mean square error (RMSE) than the other two models. And ELM model performed closely to GRNN. In order to evaluate the certainty of three models, the Monte Carlo analysis method was added to the process of training. The result indicated that LSTM had good accuracy in different input features while ELM tended to overestimate ET and GRNN tended to underestimate ET. It’s practical to applicate the proposed method to make precise irrigation strategies. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 22

Main heading: Long short-term memory

Controlled terms: Citrus fruits? - ?Evapotranspiration? - ?Irrigation? - ?Learning systems? - ?Mean square error? - ?Monte Carlo methods? - ?Orchards? - ?Water supply

Uncontrolled terms: Extreme learning machine? - ?General regression neural network? - ?Mean absolute error? - ?Monte carlo analysis? - ?Performance based? - ?Root mean square errors? - ?Traditional irrigation? - ?Water consumption

Classification code: 446.1 Water Supply Systems? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S2.041

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

7. Determination of Hg2+ Based on Gold Nanoparticle Colorimetry

Accession number: 20205209681923

Title of translation:

Authors: Guo, Yuchen (1); Liu, Chunhong (1, 2); Ye, Rongke (1); Kong, Qingchen (1); Zhang, Yuquan (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) National Fishery Digital Innovation Center, Beijing; 100083, China

Corresponding author: Liu, Chunhong(sophia_liu@cau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 51

Issue date: December 18, 2020

Publication year: 2020

Pages: 382-387

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Mercury ion concentration is one of the key parameters affecting water quality environment, and a method for detecting mercury ion based on gold nanoparticle colorimetry was proposed. The gold nanoparticle colloidal suspension modified by bismuth reagent- was used to detect mercury ion. The mercury ion selectively coordinated with bismuth reagent-, which made the gold nanoparticle colloidal suspension anti agglomerate. There was a certain linear relationship between the concentration of mercury ion and the absorbance of the solution, the linear range was 0.05 μg/L~1 mg/L, and the relative standard deviation was 1.98%~3.52%. Under the experimental conditions, the characteristic wavelengths extracted from successive projection algorithm were pretreated by Savitzky-Golay first derivative. Through linear support vector machine regression model modeling and analysis, the model had good self prediction ability and practical prediction ability. The correlation coefficient of the calibration set was 0.968 5, the root mean square error of calibration set was 0.041 2 mg/L, the correlation coefficient of the validation set was 0.960 0, and the root mean square error of validation set was 0.043 4 mg/L. Therefore, the method based on gold nanoparticle colorimetry can provide effective support for improving the detection efficiency of mercury ion concentration. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 21

Main heading: Gold nanoparticles

Controlled terms: Bismuth? - ?Calibration? - ?Color? - ?Colorimeters? - ?Colorimetry? - ?Ions? - ?Mean square error? - ?Mercury (metal)? - ?Metal nanoparticles? - ?Reagents ? - ?Sols? - ?Support vector machines? - ?Support vector regression? - ?Suspensions (fluids)? - ?Water quality

Uncontrolled terms: Colloidal suspensions? - ?Correlation coefficient? - ?Experimental conditions? - ?Linear Support Vector Machines? - ?Relative standard deviations? - ?Root mean square error of calibrations? - ?Root mean square errors? - ?Successive projection algorithms

Classification code: 445.2 Water Analysis? - ?549.3 Nonferrous Metals and Alloys excluding Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals? - ?723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications? - ?741.1 Light/Optics? - ?761 Nanotechnology? - ?804 Chemical Products Generally? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics? - ?941.3 Optical Instruments? - ?941.4 Optical Variables Measurements

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S2.045

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

8. Analysis of Harvesting Losses of Rapeseed Caused by Vibration of Combine Harvester Header during Field Operation

Accession number: 20205209681283

Title of translation:

Authors: Ma, Li’na (1, 2); Wei, Junyi (1); Huang, Xiaomao (1, 2); Zong, Wangyuan (1, 2); Zhan, Guangchao (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan; 430070, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment in Mid-lower Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan; 430070, China

Corresponding author: Zong, Wangyuan(zwy@mail.hzau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 51

Issue date: December 18, 2020

Publication year: 2020

Pages: 134-138 and 201

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: During harvesting of rapeseed, the falling of siliques and seeds caused by colliding and vibration of the harvester header accounts for about 50% of total harvesting loss (8%~10%). To analyze the impact of vibration of header on the harvesting loss during field operation, an experimental study was conducted on the 4LL-1.5Y crawler rape combine harvester. Through vibration tests, the key vibration excitation sources were determined, which were the engine (27.53 Hz) and the cutter bar (7.93~8.53 Hz). Then, the frequency range causing the falling of siliques and seeds was determined using a Default Shaker hydraulic vibration system. The hydraulic shaker generated a frequency sweep from 0 Hz to 40 Hz on the “Huayouza 62” rapeseed stalks, and maximum falling occurred in the frequency range of 5~10 Hz. Single-factor experiments were conducted between the vibration excitation frequency and the falling of siliques and seeds. Results showed that when the frequency was 7 Hz, the stalks had maximum falling of siliques and seeds under both horizontal and vertical fixations. The maximum falling ratio was 3.42% when the stalks were under horizontal fixation. It can be concluded that the reciprocating cutter bar, whose excitation frequency was about 8.0 Hz, was the main vibration source causing harvesting losses. The research result can provide some reference for the optimization design of rapeseed and grain combine header cutter. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 25

Main heading: Vibration analysis

Controlled terms: Combines? - ?Harvesters? - ?Harvesting? - ?Oilseeds

Uncontrolled terms: Combine harvesters? - ?Excitation frequency? - ?Hydraulic vibration system? - ?Optimization design? - ?Single-factor experiments? - ?Vibration excitation? - ?Vibration excitation sources? - ?Vibration sources

Classification code: 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control

Numerical data indexing: Frequency 0.00e+00Hz to 4.00e+01Hz, Frequency 2.75e+01Hz, Frequency 5.00e+00Hz to 1.00e+01Hz, Frequency 7.00e+00Hz, Frequency 7.93e+00Hz to 8.53e+00Hz, Frequency 8.00e+00Hz, Percentage 3.42e+00%, Percentage 5.00e+01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S2.016

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

9. Design and Experiment on Coaxial Double Speed Threshing for Combine Harvester

Accession number: 20205209681649

Title of translation:

Authors: Tian, Liquan (1); Li, Hongyang (2); Hu, Huadong (2); Chen, Lubing (2); Xiong, Yongsen (1); Jin, Rendiao (1)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Jinhua Polytechnic, Jinhua; 321017, China; (2) Zhejiang Sifang Group Corp, Yongkang; 322000, China

Corresponding author: Xiong, Yongsen(jhxys@163.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 51

Issue date: December 18, 2020

Publication year: 2020

Pages: 139-146

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: According to the present situation of the low mechanization of field experiments and the lack of plot equipment in China, in order to adapt to the operating environment in hilly and mountainous areas and meet the harvest requirements of super hybrid rice, the 4LZ-2.1Z type combine harvester was developed. The integrated design of combine harvester and double-speed double-action threshing and separating unit was introduced. The grain plot combine had the functions of holding and dividing grain stems, cutting grain stems, threshing and cleaning of grain and bagging seeds. Low/high speed threshing drum speed, rotary concave screen speed and threshing gap were used as test factors, and grain loss rate, broken rate and impurity rate were used as performance indexes. The experiment was designed by three-factor five-level orthogonal rotation combination. The Design-Expert software was used to optimize multi-objective variables, the mathematical model of each test factor and performance index were established, and the multi-objective parameters were optimized. According to the results of parameter optimization, field test of prototype was carried out. Field experiments showed that the performance of the prototype was stable, and the grain loss rate, broken rate and impurity rate were 1.34%, 0.20% and 0.40%, respectively. With each performance index superior to the test standard, this device solved the contradiction between impurity removal, entrapment and grain breakage loss during the harvest of “Yongyou 15” super hybrid rice effectively. This study was of benefit to improving the efficiency and precision of plant field experiments. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 22

Main heading: Combines

Controlled terms: Grain (agricultural product)? - ?Harvesters? - ?Operations research? - ?Removal? - ?Software testing? - ?Speed

Uncontrolled terms: Combine harvesters? - ?Hilly and mountainous areas? - ?Integrated designs? - ?Operating environment? - ?Orthogonal rotations? - ?Parameter optimization? - ?Performance indices? - ?Threshing and separating unit

Classification code: 723.5 Computer Applications? - ?821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?912.3 Operations Research

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.34e+00%, Percentage 2.00e-01%, Percentage 4.00e-01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S2.017

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

10. Design and Experiment of Separation and Cleaning Device for Chinese Cabbage Seeds Harvester

Accession number: 20205209681931

Title of translation:

Authors: Wang, Shengsheng (1, 2); Chen, Pan (1); Lu, Mengqing (1); Geng, Lingxin (1); Ji, Jiangtao (1, 2); Yang, Fang (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Agricultural Equipment Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang; 471003, China; (2) Collaborative Innovation Centre of Machinery Equipment Advanced Manufacturing of Henan Province, Luoyang; 471003, China

Corresponding author: Ji, Jiangtao(jjt0907@163.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 51

Issue date: December 18, 2020

Publication year: 2020

Pages: 181-190

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In view of the difficulty in separation and cleaning caused by the great difference of agronomic morphology and complex physical characteristics of the components of the exfoliates during the mechanized harvesting of Chinese cabbage seeds, a separation and cleaning device composed of an internal flow cylindrical sieve (with a inner spiral auger) and a cross-flow suction fan was designed. The structure and working principle of the device were described, and the structure and working parameters of its key components were determined by theoretical analysis.The rotational speed of the cylinder sieve, the inner spiral auger and the cross-flow fan were selected as the test factors, the hybrid rate and the loss rate were taken as the performance indexes, the orthogonal test was carried out, and the optimum working parameter combination of the device was obtained by using the comprehensive scoring method and the test was verified.The results showed that the main and second order of the test factors that affected the cleaning performance of the device were speed of the cross-flow fan, speed of the cylindrical screen and speed of the auger, and the optimal parameter combination of the separation and cleaning device was speed of the cross-flow fan of 70 r/min, speed of the auger of 200 r/min and speed of the cross-flow fan of 700 r/min.The performance verification test was carried out under the parameter combination, and the results showed that the impurity content and loss rate of Chinese cabbage seeds were 2.75% and 0.62% respectively, which met the requirements of relevant industry standards. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 23

Main heading: Fans

Controlled terms: Augers? - ?Cleaning? - ?Harvesters? - ?Radial flow turbomachinery? - ?Sieves? - ?Speed? - ?Testing

Uncontrolled terms: Chinese cabbage seeds? - ?Mechanized harvesting? - ?Optimal parameter combinations? - ?Optimum working parameters? - ?Parameter combination? - ?Performance verification? - ?Physical characteristics? - ?Structure and working parameters

Classification code: 502.2 Mine and Quarry Equipment? - ?618.3 Blowers and Fans? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations? - ?821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 2.75e+00%, Percentage 6.20e-01%, Rotational_Speed 2.00e+02RPM, Rotational_Speed 7.00e+01RPM, Rotational_Speed 7.00e+02RPM

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S2.022

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

11. Spectral Detection Method for Chilling Damage of Sweet Potato Based on Support Vector Machine

Accession number: 20205209681846

Title of translation:

Authors: Zhang, Xiaoxue (1); Yang, Zhihui (2); Cao, Shanshan (1); Si, Yongsheng (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Information Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding; 071001, China; (2) College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding; 071001, China

Corresponding author: Si, Yongsheng(siyongsheng@foxmail.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 51

Issue date: December 18, 2020

Publication year: 2020

Pages: 471-477

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: The storage of sweet potato is susceptible to chilling damage, which not only affects its quality but also is susceptible to other diseases, which greatly reduces the commercial and economic value of sweet potato. For the biological detection technology and traditional detection methods will cause irreversible damage to sweet potato, so a non-destructive detection method of sweet potato chilling damage based on optical fiber spectroscopy technology was established. The feature spectrum bands were selected by the key feature ranking method based on the class separability criterion. And the support vector machine algorithm was used to train and evaluate the data set to detect the accuracy of the characteristic spectrum and the occurrence of sweet potatoes before the symptoms of chilling damage were visible to the human eyes. Totally five sweet potato varieties were used for experiments. The accuracy of detecting chilling damage in sweet potatoes was as high as 99.52% with the ratio of training data and test data of 5:5, and the incidence of the ratio of 7:3 was as high as 99.63%. The results proved the correctness of the characteristic spectrum, and the characteristic spectral bands were as follows: Jishu26 was 821.3~823.5 nm; Yanshu25 was 810.5~821.9 nm; Xiguahong was 818.8~821.9 nm; Xinong431 was 601.5~606.4 nm; and Longshu9 was 759.6~761.2 nm. The results showed that the spectroscopy technology can effectively detect and identify sweet potato chilling damage. This research provided technical method for subsequent work for sweet potato storage classification. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 34

Main heading: Damage detection

Controlled terms: Digital storage? - ?Food storage? - ?Optical fibers? - ?Support vector machines

Uncontrolled terms: Biological detection? - ?Characteristic spectrum? - ?Class-separability criterion? - ?Fiber spectroscopy? - ?Irreversible damage? - ?Nondestructive detection? - ?Spectroscopy technology? - ?Support vector machine algorithm

Classification code: 694.4 Storage? - ?722.1 Data Storage, Equipment and Techniques? - ?723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications? - ?741.1.2 Fiber Optics

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 9.95e+01%, Percentage 9.96e+01%, Size 7.60e-07m to 7.61e-07m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S2.058

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

12. Tractor Active Anti-rollover Control Using Momentum Flywheel with Experimental Verification

Accession number: 20205209681065

Title of translation:

Authors: Qin, Jiahao (1, 2); Liu, Haifan (1, 2); Suh, C.S. (3); Li, Zhen (1, 2); Zhu, Zhongxiang (1, 2); Wang, Guoye (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Beijing Key Laboratory of Optimized Design for Modern Agricultural Equipment, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (3) Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas A&M University, TX; 77843-3123, United States

Corresponding author: Li, Zhen(zhenli@cau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 51

Issue date: December 18, 2020

Publication year: 2020

Pages: 515-520

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: As wheeled tractors are widely used as power machinery in agricultural activities, the lateral stability of a tractor directly affects the operation efficiency and machine safety with worldwide inevitable rollover-induced injuries and fatalities. From the perspective of active safety control, this article aims to apply the reverse moment of an accelerating momentum flywheel to the rolling tractor. In this study, we analyzed the evolution mechanism of the tractor dynamic overturning behavior by mathematical modeling. In order to keep the original configuration of the main structure of the tractor, the momentum flywheel was installed in the tractor front to replace the conventional static ballast, while it actively provided the anti-rollover torque in emergency cases. Using Matlab/Simulink, the simulation work on the effectiveness of the PID speed control was carried out. Furthermore, a scale-model experimental platform was designed to verify the flywheel-based tractor active stability control system. The results showed that the tractor equipped with a flywheel was able to regain lateral stability repeatedly in one experimental run. The test data under different driving conditions were compared with the uncontrolled group verifying the effectiveness and accuracy of the tractor dynamic model and the active control algorithm proposed in this paper. The proposed approach potentially provides theoretical basis and technical support for the extension of tractor active stability control technology. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 25

Main heading: Tractors (agricultural)

Controlled terms: Agricultural robots? - ?Automobile testing? - ?Ballast (railroad track)? - ?Flywheels? - ?MATLAB? - ?Momentum? - ?Stability? - ?Tractors (truck)? - ?Wheels

Uncontrolled terms: Agricultural activities? - ?Anti-rollover control? - ?Evolution mechanism? - ?Experimental platform? - ?Experimental verification? - ?Operation efficiencies? - ?Stability control systems? - ?Stability control technology

Classification code: 601.1 Mechanical Devices? - ?601.2 Machine Components? - ?662 Automobiles and Smaller Vehicles? - ?663.1 Heavy Duty Motor Vehicles? - ?681.1 Railway Plant and Structures, General? - ?921 Mathematics? - ?931.1 Mechanics

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S2.064

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

13. QA System for Food Safety Events Based on Information Extraction

Accession number: 20205209681618

Title of translation:

Authors: Chen, Ying (1); Zhang, Xiaoqiang (1); Chen, Angxuan (1); Zhao, Xiaoyu (1); Dong, Yubo (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 51

Issue date: December 18, 2020

Publication year: 2020

Pages: 442-448

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: To solve the problem of extracting the answer for a question from massive food safety incident news reports, a question answering (QA) system was proposed. Firstly, a deep learning method TextCNN was used to classify the question provided by users. Secondly, a search engine method Lucene was used to find the best matching report for the question. Thirdly, based on a food safety event database (a structured knowledge base which was automatically constructed by using the information extraction technology) and the type of the input question, a set of answer sentence candidates was selected from the best matching report. Finally, based on the deep learning model of bi-directional long short-term memory (Bi-LSTM) and a feature extraction method which can extract effective information from the contexts of the answer candidate sentences, an answer extraction model was constructed, which can automatically extract the final answer from the given set of answer candidate sentences. To evaluate the impact of the selection method of answer candidate sentences based on the food safety event database and the feature extraction method based on the contexts of answer candidate sentences, different experiments were conducted. The results showed that the QA system using the structured knowledge database and the context-based feature extraction achieved the best performance (44% in accuracy), which significantly outperformed over traditional QA systems. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 33

Main heading: Learning systems

Controlled terms: Data mining? - ?Database systems? - ?Deep learning? - ?Feature extraction? - ?Food safety? - ?Information retrieval? - ?Knowledge based systems? - ?Long short-term memory? - ?Natural language processing systems? - ?Search engines

Uncontrolled terms: Answer extraction? - ?Feature extraction methods? - ?Food safety events? - ?Information extraction technology? - ?Learning methods? - ?Question answering systems? - ?Selection methods? - ?Structured knowledge

Classification code: 461.6 Medicine and Pharmacology? - ?723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications? - ?903.3 Information Retrieval and Use

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 4.40e+01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S2.054

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

14. Effect of Spicy Essential Oils on Reheating Warmed-over Flavor of Precooked Pork Patties

Accession number: 20205209681467

Title of translation:

Authors: Zhang, Kaihua (1, 2); Zang, Mingwu (1, 2); Zhang, Zheqi (1, 2); Li, Dan (1, 2); Li, Xiaoman (1, 2); Wang, Shouwei (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) China Meat Research Center, Beijing; 100068, China; (2) Beijing Key Laboratory of Meat Processing Technology, Beijing; 100068, China

Corresponding author: Zang, Mingwu(cmrcfood@126.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 51

Issue date: December 18, 2020

Publication year: 2020

Pages: 449-456

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Precooked meat products generated warmed-over flavor (WOF) after cooling and reheating, affecting the meat products’ sensory quality and consumers’ acceptance. It was especially necessary to find natural WOF inhibitors, due to the extensive attention for the safety of chemically synthesized antioxidants. The effect of four natural spicy essential oils at 0.03% level on the flavor compound profiles, WOF and lipid oxidation of precooked pork patties after cooling and reheating was investigated. These natural spicy essential oils included cinnamon essential oil, clove essential oil, nutmeg essential oil and pepper essential oil. Totally 57 flavor compounds were identified in all samples by solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The addition of natural spices essential oils increased the types and contents of volatile compounds for reheated samples, mainly including alkens, terpene alcohols and esters (p0.05). Clove essential oil showed better inhibition on WOF and lipid oxidation than the synthetic antioxidant, dibutyl hydroxytoluene for precooked pork patties after cooling and reheating. This study revealed the clove essential oil as a potential natural inhibitor to WOF in precooked meat products after cooling and reheating. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 29

Main heading: Essential oils

Controlled terms: Antioxidants? - ?Cooling? - ?Flavor compounds? - ?Gas chromatography? - ?Industrial heating? - ?Mass spectrometry? - ?Meats? - ?Thermal processing (foods)? - ?Volatile organic compounds

Uncontrolled terms: Antioxidant effect? - ?Evaluation indicators? - ?Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry? - ?Nutmeg essential oil? - ?Sensory qualities? - ?Solid-phase microextraction? - ?Synthetic antioxidants? - ?Volatile compounds

Classification code: 641.2 Heat Transfer? - ?642.1 Process Heating? - ?801 Chemistry? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations? - ?804.1 Organic Compounds? - ?822.2 Food Processing Operations? - ?822.3 Food Products

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 3.00e-02%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S2.055

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

15. Design and Experiment of Tumorous Stem Mustard Harvester Based on Flexible Gripping

Accession number: 20205209681852

Title of translation:

Authors: Zhang, Tao (1); Li, Ying (1); Song, Shumin (2); Pang, Youlun (1); Shao, Weixing (1); Tang, Xinglong (1)

Author affiliation: (1) Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing; 401329, China; (2) Chongqing Maoxu Technology Co., Ltd., Chongqing; 401329, China

Corresponding author: Pang, Youlun(420330475@qq.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 51

Issue date: December 18, 2020

Publication year: 2020

Pages: 162-169 and 190

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In solving the problem on the mechanized harvest of tumorous stem mustard in the southwest hills area and understanding the tumorous stem mustard biological characteristics and agronomic requirements, a small tumorous stem mustard harvester with flexible gripping function was developed. The structure and working principle of the whole machine were described and analyzed, also the parameters of the core parts of the machine were analyzed and determined theoretically, which got the adjustment clearance of the flexible gripping device was between 60 mm and 150 mm, the speed of the gripping conveyor belt was 0.37 m/s, the maximum gripping force required was 38.04 N. The terrain imitation capability and structural dynamic characteristics of the cutting bench were analyzed, the results showed that the allowed topographic relief was 50 mm, the maximum amplitude was at the position of the mounting cutter, and the first fifth natural frequency was 115.63~783.60 Hz which was much higher than the excitation frequency of the engine and the terrain, so there was no resonance effect. The field test results showed that the cutting and gripping conveying mechanism had stable operation which was with small vibration, powerful cutting and moderate gripping force. The success rate of cutting was 89.5%, the damage rate of tumorous stem mustard was 10.8%, and the actual working efficiency was 0.035 hm2/h, which basically met the requirements of the design and agronomic techniques. The research achievement would provide an important reference for the mechanization of mustard industry. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 25

Main heading: Agronomy

Controlled terms: Belt conveyors? - ?Harvesters? - ?Structural dynamics

Uncontrolled terms: Biological characteristic? - ?Conveying mechanisms? - ?Dynamic characteristics? - ?Excitation frequency? - ?Maximum amplitude? - ?Research achievements? - ?Stable operation? - ?Working efficiency

Classification code: 408 Structural Design? - ?692.1 Conveyors? - ?821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods

Numerical data indexing: Force 3.80e+01N, Frequency 1.16e+02Hz to 7.84e+02Hz, Percentage 1.08e+01%, Percentage 8.95e+01%, Size 5.00e-02m, Size 6.00e-02m to 1.50e-01m, Velocity 3.70e-01m/s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S2.020

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

16. Structural Optimization and Design of Driving System for Electromagnetic MOEMS Scanning Grating Mirror

Accession number: 20205209681716

Title of translation: MOEMS

Authors: Chen, Liang (1); Gu, Wenwen (1); Wen, Quan (2); Li, Dongling (2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing; 400715, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Fundamental Science of Micro/Nano-Device and System Technology, Chongqing University, Chongqing; 400044, China

Corresponding author: Gu, Wenwen(guww1983@163.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 51

Issue date: December 18, 2020

Publication year: 2020

Pages: 579-585

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Based on the urgent demand of modern agricultural development for micro near infrared (NIR) spectrometer, the experimental research on the core component of the NIR spectrometer was carried out. To overcome the problems of high driving voltage, small scanning angle, etc., the structural optimization and improvement of driving system for the electromagnetic MOEMS scanning grating mirror was proposed. By using the professional simulation software Maxwell 16.0 to optimize the magnetic field of the permanent magnets with different sizes and material properties, the NdFeB with different grades of N38 and N52 was obtained as the working permanent magnets. On this basis, two electromagnetic MOEMS scanning grating mirrors marked A1 and A2 with the same size were designed and fabricated, which were used to combine with the two permanent magnets respectively for performance test. The test results showed that compared with the permanent magnet N38 with weak magnetism, when the two electromagnetic MOEMS scanning grating mirrors combined with N52 reached the maximum mechanical scanning half angle, the driving voltage was decreased by 6.6% and 8.6%, and the maximum mechanical scanning half angle was increased by 20.2% and 17.4%, respectively. Through the comparison and analysis of the mechanical and electrical performance test results, it can be concluded that the structural improvement of the driving system can effectively improve the performance of the MOEMS scanning grating mirror, and it had important practical application value for improving the spectral detection range and accuracy of the NIR spectrometer. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 22

Main heading: Scanning

Controlled terms: Agricultural robots? - ?Computer software? - ?Infrared spectrometers? - ?Iron alloys? - ?Mirrors? - ?Neodymium alloys? - ?Optical testing? - ?Permanent magnets? - ?Structural optimization

Uncontrolled terms: Agricultural development? - ?Comparison and analysis? - ?Experimental research? - ?Mechanical and electrical? - ?Mechanical scanning? - ?Near infrared spectrometer? - ?Simulation software? - ?Structural improvements

Classification code: 545.2 Iron Alloys? - ?547.2 Rare Earth Metals? - ?704.1 Electric Components? - ?723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications? - ?741.3 Optical Devices and Systems? - ?921.5 Optimization Techniques

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.74e+01%, Percentage 2.02e+01%, Percentage 6.60e+00%, Percentage 8.60e+00%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S2.071

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

17. SPAD Inversion Model of Corn Canopy Based on UAV Visible Light Image

Accession number: 20205209681087

Title of translation: SPAD

Authors: Meng, Dunchao (1, 2); Zhao, Jing (1, 2); Lan, Yubin (1, 2); Yan, Chunyu (1, 2); Yang, Dongjian (1, 2); Wen, Yuting (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Agricultural and Food Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo; 255049, China; (2) International Precision Agriculture Aviation Application Technology Research Center, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo; 255049, China

Corresponding author: Zhao, Jing(zbceozj@163.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 51

Issue date: December 18, 2020

Publication year: 2020

Pages: 366-374

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Chlorophyll is an important pigment in photosynthesis of plants. It can provide important basis for real-time monitoring and health diagnosis of crops by using crop spectral and texture information to retrieve chlorophyll. In the field environment, five different varieties of corn at four leaves stage and jointing stage were selected as the research objects. The visible light images were obtained by UAV, and the soil background was dealt with mask treatment. Totally 25 kinds of visible light vegetation index and 24 kinds of texture features were extracted. The correlation between vegetation index, texture feature and relative chlorophyll content (SPAD) of corn was comprehensively analyzed, and stepwise regression (SR), partial least squares regression (PLSR) and support vector regression (SVR) models based on vegetation index, texture feature and vegetation index + texture feature were respectively established to quantitatively estimate relative chlorophyll content. In SR model, vegetation index+texture feature model was the same as vegetation index model, which was better than texture feature model, R2 was 0.731 6, RMSE was 2.958 0, RPD was 1.926; in PLSR model, vegetation index+texture feature model was better, texture feature model was the second, vegetation index model was the worst, R2 was 0.802 5, RMSE was 2.495 2, RPD was 2.284; in SVR model, vegetation index + texture feature model was better, vegetation index model was next, texture feature model was the worst, R2 was 0.805 5, RMSE was 2.640 8, RPD was 2.158. Comprehensive analysis using the PLSR-based vegetation index+texture feature model can achieve rapid and accurate extraction of corn SPAD, providing a new method and experience for chlorophyll inversion, and also providing a reference for UAV remote sensing growth monitoring. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 37

Main heading: Textures

Controlled terms: Chlorophyll? - ?Crops? - ?Least squares approximations? - ?Light? - ?Remote sensing? - ?Support vector regression? - ?Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)? - ?Vegetation

Uncontrolled terms: Chlorophyll contents? - ?Comprehensive analysis? - ?Partial least squares regressions (PLSR)? - ?Real time monitoring? - ?Stepwise regression? - ?Support vector regression (SVR)? - ?Vegetation index models? - ?Visible light images

Classification code: 652.1 Aircraft, General? - ?741.1 Light/Optics? - ?804.1 Organic Compounds? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?921.6 Numerical Methods

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S2.043

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

18. Tribological Properties of CrDLC and WDLC Films on Pairs Surface of Spherical Plain Bearing

Accession number: 20205209681308

Title of translation: CrDLCWDLC

Authors: Niu, Rongjun (1); Wang, Jingjing (1, 2); Zhan, Hua (3); Zhang, Cheng (2); Xiong, Mei (2); Wang, Ruijun (3)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Mechatronics Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang; 471003, China; (2) National Joint Engineering Research Center for Abrasion Control and Molding of Metal Materials, Luoyang; 471003, China; (3) Beijing Golden Wheel Special Machine Co., Ltd., Beijing; 100083, China

Corresponding author: Zhan, Hua(zhanhua1101@163.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 51

Issue date: December 18, 2020

Publication year: 2020

Pages: 603-610

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Aiming to meet the technical requirements of large-load helicopter, the spherical plain bearing of its rotor system has better anti-wear capability, wear-reduction and high bearing capacity in the complex working environment, so as to improve the life performance index of the bearing. A self-lubricating spherical plain bearing used in the rotor system of a new type helicopter with large load was studied. CrDLC and WDLC film coating, were prepared on the surface of 9Cr18 inner ring substrates of spherical plain bearing by unbalanced magnetron sputtering. The microstructure, friction and wear properties and wear scar morphology of two kinds of thin film coatings were tested and analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, three-dimensional topography, ball-disk friction and wear tester and low speed heavy load friction and wear tester. The results showed that the friction coefficients of the two film coatings were increased gradually at the beginning of the friction stage. With the progress of the friction process, the friction coefficients tended to be stable and kept fluctuating in a certain range. Compared with 9Cr18-CrDLC specimens, 9Cr18-WDLC specimens had shorter stability time of friction coefficient, more stable overall friction process and lower friction coefficient, showing better friction performance. Compared with 9Cr18-CrDLC specimens, the wear process of 9Cr18-WDLC coating and self-lubricating liner was relatively stable, the friction coefficient fluctuated in a small range, the overall wear scar was shallow, the overall wear volume was small, showing good wear resistance. The tribological properties showed that WDLC film coating had better wear resistance and anti-wear properties for 9Cr18 substrate material. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 25

Main heading: Wear resistance

Controlled terms: Coatings? - ?Friction? - ?Helicopter rotors? - ?Metal drawing? - ?Scanning electron microscopy? - ?Self lubricating bearings? - ?Spheres? - ?Substrates? - ?Thin films? - ?Topography ? - ?Tribology? - ?Wear of materials

Uncontrolled terms: Friction and wear properties? - ?Friction coefficients? - ?Friction performance? - ?Spherical plain bearings? - ?Technical requirement? - ?Three-dimensional topography? - ?Tribological properties? - ?Unbalanced magnetron sputtering

Classification code: 535.2 Metal Forming? - ?601.1 Mechanical Devices? - ?601.2 Machine Components? - ?813.2 Coating Materials? - ?931 Classical Physics; Quantum Theory; Relativity? - ?931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids? - ?951 Materials Science

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S2.074

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

19. Design and Experiment of Anti-blocking Device for Strip to Row Active Corn No-tillage Seeding

Accession number: 20205209681976

Title of translation:

Authors: Yao, Wenyan (1); Zhao, Dianbao (1); Xu, Guangfei (1); Chen, Meizhou (1); Miao, Hequan (1); Diao, Peisong (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo; 255049, China

Corresponding author: Diao, Peisong(dps2003@163.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 51

Issue date: December 18, 2020

Publication year: 2020

Pages: 55-62 and 71

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In view of the problems such as easy blockage of opener and poor sowing quality when corn no tillage planter works at high speed in Huang-Huai-Hai region of China, an active anti blocking device with shallow rotating strip was designed based on the anti blocking theory of rotary tillage. According to the situation of wheat seedling belt in wheat and corn planting mode in Huang-Huai-Hai region, the knife layout structure and cutter shaft speed of the anti blocking device were designed; the rationality of the structural parameter design of the anti blocking device was determined by analyzing the straw flow, throwing track and force, and the key factors affecting its performance were tested in soil bin; the discrete element simulation and multi factor orthogonal test were carried out selecting the cutter shaft spacing, cutter shaft speed and forward speed as the influencing factors, taking the straw cleaning rate and soil breaking rate as the performance evaluation indexes, the cutter shaft spacing and working parameters of anti blocking device were optimized. The results of simulation test showed that the comprehensive operation quality was the best when the rotation speed of cutter shaft was 800 r/min, the distance between cutter shafts was 70 mm, and the forward speed was 7 km/h. The field experiment of corn sowing was carried out on the optimized results. Under the operation conditions of straw mulching amount of 1.02 kg/m2 and forward speed was 8 km/h, the rate of removing straw was 91.85%, the stability of ditch depth was 86.67%, and the rate of excavation was 26.47%, which could meet the requirements of high-speed operation. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 26

Main heading: Speed

Controlled terms: Cultivation

Uncontrolled terms: Discrete element simulation? - ?High-speed operation? - ?No-tillage planter? - ?No-tillage seeding? - ?Operation conditions? - ?Operation quality? - ?Structural parameter? - ?Working parameters

Classification code: 821.3 Agricultural Methods

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 2.65e+01%, Percentage 8.67e+01%, Percentage 9.18e+01%, Rotational_Speed 8.00e+02RPM, Size 7.00e-02m, Surface_Density 1.02e+00kg/m2, Velocity 1.94e+00m/s, Velocity 2.22e+00m/s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S2.007

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

20. Design and Test of Fuzzy Anti-skid Control of Four-wheel Drive Hydraulically Driven Sprayer

Accession number: 20205209681909

Title of translation:

Authors: Zhou, Qianqian (1); Wen, Haojun (1, 2); Li, Zhongxiang (1); Zhang, Weirong (1); Yi, Zhetian (1); Wang, Guoliang (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi; 832000, China; (2) Northwest Key Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shihezi; 832000, China

Corresponding author: Wen, Haojun(547273950@qq.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 51

Issue date: December 18, 2020

Publication year: 2020

Pages: 283-288

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: During the field of self-propelled sprayer, due to the large quality and volume of whole vehicle and its working on the complex and diverse road, which lead to the self-propelled sprayer prone to slip, and requires an anti-skid control strategy to maintain stable driving of the machine. For this reason, a fuzzy anti-skid control strategy and controller was proposed. Based on the control system, the simulation analysis of the controlling system was carried out by Matlab/Simulink, the simulation result showed that the fuzzy anti-skid control system can effectively control the slip rate at the ideal of 0.05. Finally, the performance of the driving anti-skid control system was verified through field tests. The result of the experiment showed that when the design of the full-time four-wheel drive hydraulically driven sprayer fuzzy anti-skid control device was traveling at low speed, the average slip rate was 0.078 with the situation of without anti-skid control. By contest, when the opening of the anti-skid the average slip rate was 0.028; when the self-propelled sprayer traveling with a medium speed and the anti-skid control was closed, the average slip rate was 0.109. However, when the anti-skid control was turned on and the average slip rate was 0.031; when the self-propelled sprayer traveling with a high speed and the anti-skid control was closed, the average slip rate was 0.110, but the average slip rate was 0.035 after it was opened. Above experiments indicated that the control system had a good anti-skid control effect. The research results provided a theoretical basis for the anti-skid control of four-wheel drive hydraulically system of self-propelled sprayer. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 23

Main heading: Quality control

Controlled terms: All wheel drive vehicles? - ?Control systems? - ?MATLAB? - ?Wheels

Uncontrolled terms: Anti-skid control? - ?Controlling system? - ?Design and tests? - ?Field test? - ?Four-wheel drives? - ?MATLAB /simulink? - ?Research results? - ?Simulation analysis

Classification code: 601.2 Machine Components? - ?731.1 Control Systems? - ?913.3 Quality Assurance and Control? - ?921 Mathematics

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S2.033

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

21. Error Dynamic Self-calibration Method for Grain Yield Monitoring Based on Combine Harvester

Accession number: 20205209681890

Title of translation:

Authors: Zhou, Yonghua (1); Yi, Zhixiang (1, 2); Luo, Changhai (2, 3); Li, Liwei (2, 3); An, Xiaofei (2, 3); Zhang, Anqi (2, 3)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Electrical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning; 530004, China; (2) National Research Center of Information Technology for Agriculture, Beijing; 100097, China; (3) Beijing Research Center of Information Technology for Agriculture, Beijing; 100097, China

Corresponding author: Zhang, Anqi(zhangaq@nercita.org.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 51

Issue date: December 18, 2020

Publication year: 2020

Pages: 147-153

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: It is one of the most important information to obtain accurate grain yield for precision agriculture. In order to further improve the accuracy and stability of grain yield monitor system, a new dynamic self-calibration method which was based on the first generation of photoelectric grain yield monitor system and the principle of quantitative screw conveying was designed. The system was composed of grain volume sensor, unloading grain cylinder speed sensor, grain tank state sensor, data acquisition and processing module, display terminal and error feedback calibration software. In order to verify the accuracy of the system, the simulation test of quantitative screw conveying which was at different rotation speeds and different inclination angles was carried out. In June 2020, the field performance experiments were carried out at Beijing Xiaotangshan National Precision Agriculture Research and Demonstration Base. The performance test results of the unloading speed sensor showed that the error of the unloading speed sensor was less than 2%. Bench test results showed that the error between the monitored value of the system and the actual output value was less than 2.5% at different unloading speeds. There was a linear correlation between the flow rate and the rotational speed, and the correlation coefficient was 0.993 7. The field error dynamic self-calibration experiment result showed that the relevant error was -2.95%~3.13%, which was decreased by 0.45 percentage points compared with that of the measuring device without this system. At the same time, the error fluctuation of the system was reduced. The dynamic self-calibration system provided a new method to improve the accuracy of grain yield monitor. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 27

Main heading: Monitoring

Controlled terms: Agricultural robots? - ?Calibration? - ?Combines? - ?Data acquisition? - ?Data handling? - ?Errors? - ?Grain (agricultural product)? - ?Harvesters? - ?Precision agriculture? - ?Screws ? - ?Speed? - ?Unloading

Uncontrolled terms: Calibration softwares? - ?Combine harvesters? - ?Correlation coefficient? - ?Dynamic self-calibration? - ?Inclination angles? - ?Linear correlation? - ?Performance tests? - ?Processing modules

Classification code: 605 Small Tools and Hardware? - ?691.2 Materials Handling Methods? - ?723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing? - ?821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 2.00e+00%, Percentage 2.50e+00%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S2.018

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

22. Design and Experiment of Multi Parameter Adjustable and Measurable Cleaning System

Accession number: 20205209681891

Title of translation:

Authors: Liu, Peng (1); Jin, Chengqian (1, 2); Yang, Tengxiang (2); Chen, Man (2); Ni, Youliang (2); Yin, Xiang (1)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo; 255049, China; (2) Nanjing Research Institute for Agricultural Mechanization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing; 210014, China

Corresponding author: Jin, Chengqian(412114402@qq.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 51

Issue date: December 18, 2020

Publication year: 2020

Pages: 191-201

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: The regulation, monitoring and display mode of cleaning operation parameters of domestic grain combine harvester air and screen cleaning device is simple and low automation degree, resulting in low cleaning efficiency. Aiming to improve these problems, the theoretical basis of adjusting four cleaning operation parameters (the crank speed of vibrating screen, the opening of air door, the rotation speed of fan and the opening degree of fish scale screen) of the air and screen cleaning device of grain combine harvester were analyzed. The control and monitoring device of each cleaning operation parameter was designed independently. Based on the air and screen cleaning device of combine harvester, the multi parameter adjustable and measurable cleaning system was designed. The automatic control, monitoring and display of the cleaning operation parameters of the existing air and screen cleaning device, and the whole system was driven by electric power, realizing the green operation of the air and screen cleaning device of the harvester. Through the accuracy test, the adjustment accuracy of the four cleaning operation parameters of the multi parameter adjustable and measurable cleaning system was not less than 97.17%, which had good robustness, and can realize the accurate control and real-time display of the four cleaning operation parameters. The model 4LZ-4 full feeding crawler harvester equipped with multi parameter adjustable and measurable cleaning system was used in the field test of soybean harvester with total loss rate and impurity content as evaluation index of cleaning performance. The prototype ran well in the test. The results showed that the average loss rate and impurity content in the field experiment of soybean mechanical harvesting were 3.13% and 2.70%, respectively, which met the requirements of industry standard. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 31

Main heading: Cleaning

Controlled terms: Air cleaners? - ?Automation? - ?Combines? - ?Display devices? - ?Electric power system control? - ?Harvesters

Uncontrolled terms: Adjustment accuracies? - ?Cleaning efficiency? - ?Cleaning operations? - ?Combine harvesters? - ?Control and monitoring? - ?Industry standards? - ?Real time display? - ?Soybean harvester

Classification code: 451.2 Air Pollution Control? - ?722.2 Computer Peripheral Equipment? - ?731 Automatic Control Principles and Applications? - ?731.2 Control System Applications? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations? - ?821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 2.70e+00%, Percentage 3.13e+00%, Percentage 9.72e+01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S2.023

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

23. Intra-row Path Extraction and Navigation for Orchards Based on LiDAR

Accession number: 20205209681597

Title of translation:

Authors: Li, Qiujie (1); Ding, Xudong (1); Deng, Xian (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing; 210037, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 51

Issue date: December 18, 2020

Publication year: 2020

Pages: 344-350

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Aiming at the problem of autonomous intra-row navigation of orchard vehicles, an intra-row path extraction method based on light detection and ranging (LiDAR) was proposed, and a diversified virtual orchard environment to simulate the intra-row path navigation process and evaluate the performance of path extraction algorithm was constructed. A 2D LiDAR was used to measure orchard trunks during the extraction of intra-row path and median filter was used to weaken the measurement noise. Then an elliptical region of interest (ROI) was designed to extract adjacent tree rows, followed by a two-step tree row segmentation method which classified the data into the left and right tree rows. Finally, the tree line was fitted by the least square method and the center line of the tree row was determined as the navigation path. The virtual orchard environment and LiDAR measurement model were established for the simulation of intra-row navigation. The navigation path was generated based on the simulation measurement data and the vehicle movement was controlled in real-time after using a first-order digital low-pass filter. In the simulation experiments, the planting deviation of fruit tree was set to be ±20 cm, the deviation of trunk diameter was ±3 cm, and the measurement error of LiDAR was ±3 cm. Experimental results showed that the proposed method can extract the navigation path accurately in the case of vehicle yaw, missing tree and curve tree row. When the yaw angle was not more than 15°, the lateral deviation was not more than 1 m, and the missing tree rate was not more than 25%, the lateral deviation between vehicle track and path centerline can be controlled within ±14 cm. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 22

Main heading: Navigation systems

Controlled terms: Extraction? - ?Forestry? - ?Image segmentation? - ?Least squares approximations? - ?Low pass filters? - ?Median filters? - ?Navigation? - ?Optical radar? - ?Orchards? - ?Trees (mathematics) ? - ?Vehicles

Uncontrolled terms: Digital low pass filter? - ?Extraction algorithms? - ?Lateral deviation? - ?Least square methods? - ?Lidar measurements? - ?Light detection and ranging? - ?Region of interest? - ?Segmentation methods

Classification code: 703.2 Electric Filters? - ?716.2 Radar Systems and Equipment? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods? - ?921.4 Combinatorial Mathematics, Includes Graph Theory, Set Theory? - ?921.6 Numerical Methods

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 2.50e+01%, Size 1.00e+00m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S2.040

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

24. Online Measurement Method of Diesel Engine Power Based on Torque Model

Accession number: 20205209681564

Title of translation:

Authors: Tang, Qijun (1); Chang, Hongbo (1); Jiang, Pin (1); Luo, Feng (2); Zheng, Shuaishuai (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha; 410128, China; (2) Guangxi Yuchai Machinery Co., Ltd., Yulin; 537000, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 51

Issue date: December 18, 2020

Publication year: 2020

Pages: 571-578

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: The output power of diesel engine is one of its important performances. For the individual components of an engine, the accurate output power can be measured through the dynamometer. However, it is not easy to accurately measure the output power of the diesel engine during tractor ploughing. Based on the torque model of the diesel fuel control strategy, the output power of the diesel engine was measured online during the Lovol tractor ploughing process with the theoretical speed of 5.7 km/h and 8.9 km/h. The indicated power of the torque model was compared with that of the combustion analyzer. The test results showed that when the tractor’s ploughing speed was relatively stable, the error of the average value of the indicated power was 2.99%, but the instantaneous value became distorted seriously. It was found that the changes in the fuel injection amount and the injection timing are the main reasons for the large deviation in power measurement. To improve the accuracy of the online measurement for diesel engine output power, the quantitative relationships between the fuel injection quantity, fuel injection time and torque under 12 typical working conditions were obtained by using the GT-Power model. Then, the correction coefficients of fuel injection quantity and fuel injection time were used to optimize the original measurement method. The optimized results showed that under the stable operation, the average measurement error of diesel engine output power is 0.88%, and the instantaneous value’s error was reduced significantly. It can be learned that optimizing the fuel injection strategy of the diesel engine is an important way to improve the performance of the diesel engine during tractor ploughing. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 21

Main heading: Diesel engines

Controlled terms: Automobile testing? - ?Combustion? - ?Errors? - ?Fuel injection? - ?Fuels? - ?Torque? - ?Tractors (agricultural)? - ?Tractors (truck)

Uncontrolled terms: Combustion analyzers? - ?Correction coefficients? - ?Fuel control strategy? - ?Fuel injection strategies? - ?Individual components? - ?Instantaneous value? - ?Measurement methods? - ?On-line measurement

Classification code: 612.2 Diesel Engines? - ?662 Automobiles and Smaller Vehicles? - ?663.1 Heavy Duty Motor Vehicles? - ?931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 2.99e+00%, Percentage 8.80e-01%, Velocity 1.58e+00m/s, Velocity 2.47e+00m/s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S2.070

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

25. Design and Experiment of Corn Harvester Vibration Picking Device

Accession number: 20205209681686

Title of translation:

Authors: Ji, Xiaoqi (1); Geng, Duanyang (1); Yao, Yanchun (1); Du, Juan (1); Zhu, Junke (1); Xu, Haigang (2)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Agricultural and Food Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo; 255049, China; (2) Shandong Shifeng (Group) Co., Ltd., Gaotang; 252800, China

Corresponding author: Geng, Duanyang(dyst@sdut.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 51

Issue date: December 18, 2020

Publication year: 2020

Pages: 126-133

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Aiming at the problems of high damage and low efficiency in corn ear harvesting, based on the original research of vibration picking technology, a new type of ear picking device based on elliptical cross-section was developed. Based on the conditions of vibration picking to realize the effective transmission of vibration waved by clamping the fruit handle with the excitation roller, the determination method of the structural parameters of this type of ear picking roller was determined and an elliptical vibration test-bed was established. Through the orthogonal test, the main and secondary factors affecting the ear gnawing rate, threshing rate and stem breaking rate were determined as follows: the ratio of the long and short diameter of the exciting roller, the rotation speed of the snapping roller and the diameter of the base circle of the exciting roller. The better combination was determined, that was, the ratio of the long and short diameter of the exciting roller was 0.7, the diameter of the base circle of the exciting roller was 7.5 cm, and the rotation speed of the stripping roller was 1 000 r/min, the ear gnawing rate was 0.38%, the seed dropping rate was 0.12%, and the stalk breaking rate was 0.49%, which were all lower than the requirements of the national corn harvesting machinery technical standards. The experimental verification was carried out under the optimal combination of parameters. The results showed that the ratio of short length to diameter of exciting roller was 0.7, the diameter of base circle of exciting roller was 7.5 cm, the rotation speed of snapping roller was 1 000 r/min, the rate of ear gnawing was 0.39%, the rate of falling grain was 0.12%, and the rate of stalk breaking was 0.48%. The test results showed that the results were basically consistent with the previous test results. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 21

Main heading: Rollers (machine components)

Controlled terms: Harvesters

Uncontrolled terms: Determination methods? - ?Effective transmission? - ?Elliptical cross section? - ?Elliptical vibration? - ?Experimental verification? - ?Optimal combination? - ?Structural parameter? - ?Technical standards

Classification code: 601.2 Machine Components? - ?821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.20e-01%, Percentage 3.80e-01%, Percentage 3.90e-01%, Percentage 4.80e-01%, Percentage 4.90e-01%, Rotational_Speed 1.00e+03RPM, Size 7.50e-02m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S2.015

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

26. Design and Test of Control System of Articulated Steering Unmanned Plant Protection Vehicle

Accession number: 20205209681096

Title of translation:

Authors: Li, He (1); Zhao, Yiqiu (1); Qin, Chaobin (1); Ding, Li (1); Cheng, Shangshang (1); Zhang, Kaifei (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou; 450002, China

Corresponding author: Zhang, Kaifei(zhangkaifei1220@163.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 51

Issue date: December 18, 2020

Publication year: 2020

Pages: 544-553

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In view of the diversity of crops in the Huang-Huai-Hai area, the row spacing is large and the plant protection machinery is low in generalization and intelligence. A articulated steering unmanned plant protection vehicle with adjustable wheelbase and ground clearance was designed. The plant protection vehicle can be remotely controlled by a remote control, and after switching the automatic mode, it can track the path according to the predetermined route to realize the autonomous walking of the plant protection vehicle. A kinematics model was established for the autonomous walking mode of the plant protection vehicle, and the strategy of using heading tracking to realize the path tracking was determined, and the stability of the waist turning control was analyzed through the Lyapunov function. The extended Kalman filter algorithm of the sensor and the PID control method of the drive motor were proposed. Finally, the step response of Matlab was used to simulate and analyze the autonomous walking control system. The results showed that when the coefficients Kp=1, Ti=0.05, Td=0.01, the system response speed and accuracy can meet the needs of autonomous plant protection vehicle navigation control. Field tests were conducted with the turning radius of the work platform and the offset parameters of straight-line walking. When the turning speed of the prototype was 3 km/h, the minimum outer wheel turning radius was 2 m, and when the walking speed was 6 km/h, the average offset for 100 m straight travel was 5.51 cm, and the average endurance time of the plant protection vehicle under full load was 2.54 h. The whole machine met the design requirements. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 22

Main heading: Steering

Controlled terms: Automobile steering equipment? - ?Kalman filters? - ?Lyapunov functions? - ?Machinery? - ?MATLAB? - ?Remote control? - ?Three term control systems

Uncontrolled terms: Articulated steering? - ?Autonomous walkings? - ?Design and tests? - ?Extended Kalman filter algorithm? - ?Kinematics modeling? - ?Plant protection? - ?System response speed? - ?Vehicle navigation

Classification code: 662.4 Automobile and Smaller Vehicle Components? - ?731.1 Control Systems? - ?921 Mathematics

Numerical data indexing: Size 1.00e+02m, Size 2.00e+00m, Size 5.51e-02m, Time 9.14e+03s, Velocity 1.67e+00m/s, Velocity 8.33e-01m/s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S2.067

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

27. Signal Analysis and Processing of Dynamic Weighing System for Small Square Baler

Accession number: 20205209681705

Title of translation:

Authors: Zhang, Anqi (1); Meng, Zhijun (1); Chen, Liping (1); Wang, Pei (1); Liu, Huaiyu (2); An, Xiaofei (1)

Author affiliation: (1) Beijing Research Center of Agricultural Intelligent Equipment Technology, Beijing; 100097, China; (2) College of Engineering, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing; 163319, China

Corresponding author: An, Xiaofei(anxf@nercita.org.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 51

Issue date: December 18, 2020

Publication year: 2020

Pages: 243-248 and 260

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Aiming to accurately measure the dynamic weighing system of straw bale in small square baler and reduce the influence of vibration caused by ground jolting and mechanical transmission on the measuring accuracy of straw bale. The influence mechanism of different working speeds of baler and the start or stop of the tractor PTO on the pressure noise signal and angle noise signal of dynamic weighing system of straw bale was analyzed by an experiment. When the sampling frequency of the system was 40 Hz, the signal frequency of pressure noise was mainly within the range of 0.1~16 Hz. The frequency of the angle noise signal was mainly in the range of 3~4 Hz and 16~17 Hz. The working speed of baler was positively correlated with the noise signal strength. On the basis of signal analysis, the signal processing method was researched. First of all, aiming to eliminate the influence of singular value about the original signal, the double threshold based on the rule of 3σ method for signal preprocessing was carried out. Then piecewise linear interpolation was used to supplement the vacancy point. Finally, a Butterworth band stop filter was designed to eliminate the noise signal and further improve the filtering precision. The field test results showed that the relative error of straw bale quality prediction was between -4.15% and 4.17% after the signal was processed by the method. The relative error of straw bale quality prediction was between -5.15% and 5.08% after the signal was processed by the method of average filtering. The signal processing method was better than the average filtering. Moreover, this filtering method was more adaptable and met the actual production needs. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 25

Main heading: Notch filters

Controlled terms: Butterworth filters? - ?Piecewise linear techniques? - ?Processing? - ?Signal analysis? - ?Vibrations (mechanical)? - ?Weighing

Uncontrolled terms: Influence mechanism? - ?Measuring accuracy? - ?Mechanical transmission? - ?Piecewise linear interpolations? - ?Quality prediction? - ?Sampling frequencies? - ?Signal frequencies? - ?Signal preprocessing

Classification code: 703.2 Electric Filters? - ?716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing? - ?913.4 Manufacturing? - ?921.4 Combinatorial Mathematics, Includes Graph Theory, Set Theory? - ?931.1 Mechanics? - ?943.3 Special Purpose Instruments

Numerical data indexing: Frequency 1.00e-01Hz to 1.60e+01Hz, Frequency 1.60e+01Hz to 1.70e+01Hz, Frequency 3.00e+00Hz to 4.00e+00Hz, Frequency 4.00e+01Hz, Percentage -4.15e+00% to 4.17e+00%, Percentage -5.15e+00% to 5.08e+00%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S2.028

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

28. Design and Experiment of Spiral-split Sowing Strip Cleaning Device

Accession number: 20205209681483

Title of translation:

Authors: Yu, Changchang (1, 2); Wang, Qingjie (1, 2); Li, Hongwen (1, 2); He, Jin (1, 2); Lu, Caiyun (1, 2); Liu, Hui (3)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Agricultural Science Observation and Experiment Station of Arable Land Conservation (Northern Hebei Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing; 100083, China; (3) Yanqing District Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Beijing Municipality, Beijing; 102100, China

Corresponding author: Wang, Qingjie(wangqingjie@cau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 51

Issue date: December 18, 2020

Publication year: 2020

Pages: 212-219

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to solve the problem of clogging of straw when no-tillage sowing in Northeast China, a spiral-split sowing strip cleaning device was designed. The arrangement of the stubble blade and the parameters of the blade curve were determined through theoretical analysis, and the main factors that affected the cleaning effect of the sowing strip were obtained: forward speed of tractor, rotating speed of spiral-split sowing strip cleaning device and pitch. The simulation model of spiral-split sowing strip cleaning device was established in EDEM, which was a discrete element software. Quadratic regression general combination experiments were conducted in EDEM by taking the sowing strip straw removing rate as the evaluation index, forward speed, rotating speed and pitch as the test factors. The simulation experiment results were assessed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and quadratic regression model was set up by response surface methodology with Design-Expert. Analyses showed that forward speed, rotating speed and pitch had extremely significant effect (P ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 25

Main heading: Analysis of variance (ANOVA)

Controlled terms: Agriculture? - ?Cleaning? - ?Computer software? - ?Design? - ?Factor analysis? - ?Regression analysis? - ?Rotating machinery? - ?Speed

Uncontrolled terms: Evaluation index? - ?Experiment values? - ?No-tillage seeders? - ?Optimal combination? - ?Optimizing functions? - ?Percentage points? - ?Quadratic regression? - ?Response surface methodology

Classification code: 601.1 Mechanical Devices? - ?723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control? - ?922 Statistical Methods? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 9.25e+01%, Rotational_Speed 4.00e+02RPM, Size 5.70e-01m, Velocity 2.00e+00m/s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S2.025

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

29. Design and Test of 3WYP900 Dry Area Flax Spraying Machine

Accession number: 20205209681495

Title of translation: 3WYP900

Authors: Zhang, Fangyuan (1); Wei, Wancheng (1); Dai, Fei (1); Zhang, Fengwei (1); Zhao, Wuyun (1); Yang, Zhaogang (2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou; 730070, China; (2) Shanxi Huitu Intellgent Equipment Co., Ltd., Weinan; 714000, China

Corresponding author: Dai, Fei(daifei@gsau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 51

Issue date: December 18, 2020

Publication year: 2020

Pages: 268-274 and 307

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: As an important oil crop in the north of China, the demand for flax had been increasing in recent years. Due to drought and little rain in flax growing area, the yield reduction caused by various diseases, insects and weeds is very serious. However, flax plant protection in arid areas was mainly manual operation or used relatively mature spraying machinery such as wheat and corn. The 3WYP900 type of dryland beard spraying machine was designed for the current dryland beard mechanized spraying operation with low operational efficiency, few supporting models, low degree of automation, mist on the operator injury and other problems, which could realize remote control and skid steering. The key components of the prototype walking steering device, spraying device, spraying rod lifting and folding device were designed and theoretically analyzed and calculated in combination with operational requirements. Different spray nozzle application pressure was set for spraying and spray width test, the test results showed that when the pressure was 0.3 MPa, a single spray nozzle coefficient of variation was minimum (coefficient of variation of 0.009 6) with the best stability, and the pressure under the most stable spray width (spray width of 9.423~9.622 m). In the 0.3 MPa pressure occurred under the number of dripping nozzle were less than 3, the maximum volume of a single nozzle was 3 drops, the total number of drops of dripping liquid was 5, anti-drip performance was in line with national standards. At the same time, the machine speed steering and braking flexibility, control feedback accurate and rapid, no rollover during the test, stall, spraying interruptions and other phenomena, indicating that the basic machine can meet the design requirements, with the relevant conditions of the field test. The research result could provide reference for the whole mechanization of dryland flax. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 25

Main heading: Spray nozzles

Controlled terms: Crashworthiness? - ?Drops? - ?Flax? - ?Linen? - ?Machinery? - ?Remote control? - ?Testing

Uncontrolled terms: Application pressures? - ?Coefficient of variation? - ?Manual operations? - ?National standard? - ?Operational efficiencies? - ?Operational requirements? - ?Operator injuries? - ?Plant protection

Classification code: 631.1 Fluid Flow, General? - ?731.1 Control Systems? - ?819.1 Natural Fibers? - ?819.5 Textile Products and Processing? - ?914.1 Accidents and Accident Prevention

Numerical data indexing: Pressure 3.00e+05Pa, Size 9.42e+00m to 9.62e+00m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S2.031

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

30. Following Operation Control Method of Farmer Machinery Based on Model Predictive Control

Accession number: 20205209681680

Title of translation:

Authors: Xu, Guangfei (1, 2); Chen, Meizhou (1); Miao, Hequan (1); Yao, Wenyan (1); Diao, Peisong (1); Wang, Wenjun (1)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo; 255049, China; (2) Liaocheng Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Liaocheng; 255000, China

Corresponding author: Diao, Peisong(dps2003@163.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 51

Issue date: December 18, 2020

Publication year: 2020

Pages: 11-20

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In the actual environment, due to the influence of uncertain factors such as the amount of agricultural machinery operation and the change of soil conditions, the driving condition of following agricultural machinery is unstable, and the response of following cooperative operation is slow, which lead to the difficulty of control. Therefore, in consideration of uncertainty and response performance, a kind of hierarchical control architecture for agriculture machinery was put forward, by building longitudinal dynamic model of agricultural machinery under the field to follow. Furthermore, taking the performance of following distance, following speed, fuel economy, following acceleration as the optimization target, the upper controller based on model predictive control (MPC) algorithm was derived to restrain uncertainty and interference noise. At the same time, to track torque (current) to improve the follow response ability of agricultural machinery, the lower layer controller based on the feedforward and feedback PI controller was designed which took the output of the upper controller-acceleration as the target. The simulation and experiment showed that this control method can effectively solve the following control problem of farm machinery operation. Compared with the sliding mode variable structure controller (SMC), this method can realize stable following driving with smaller speed error and smaller acceleration error. Speed error was controlled in the range of -0.291 32~0.180 01 m/s and acceleration error was controlled in the range of -0.056 78~0.056 28 m/s2. Moreover, the error of stable follow distance was within ±0.45 m. The control effect was proved well according to the above data. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 25

Main heading: Acceleration control

Controlled terms: Agricultural machinery? - ?Agricultural robots? - ?Agriculture? - ?Controllers? - ?Errors? - ?Fuel economy? - ?Model predictive control? - ?Predictive control systems

Uncontrolled terms: Actual environments? - ?Agriculture machinery? - ?Cooperative operation? - ?Following operation? - ?Hierarchical control architecture? - ?Longitudinal dynamics? - ?Response performance? - ?Sliding mode variable structure

Classification code: 525.2 Energy Conservation? - ?731.1 Control Systems? - ?731.3 Specific Variables Control? - ?732.1 Control Equipment? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control? - ?821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S2.002

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

31. Preventive Group Maintenance Strategy for In-service Agricultural Machinery Equipment

Accession number: 20205209681583

Title of translation:

Authors: Liu, Jian (1); Wei, Xiao (1); Ye, Jin (1); Zeng, Baigong (1); Li, Mingsheng (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing; 400715, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 51

Issue date: December 18, 2020

Publication year: 2020

Pages: 316-322 and 448

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: The current maintenance strategy for the in-service agricultural machinery equipment is mainly post maintenance, which often results in poor economy, low maintenance efficiency, and the inability to ensure the reliability and safety of agricultural machinery equipment in service. Aiming at these problems, a preventive group maintenance strategy for in-service agricultural machinery equipment was proposed. Firstly, the fuzzy clustering analysis method was used to classify and grade the failure data of agricultural machinery equipment, and the reliability evaluation model of agricultural machinery equipment based on improved competitive Weibull distribution was established, and the reliability level of agricultural machinery equipment was quantitatively evaluated as well. Secondly, based on the seasonal service characteristics and the economic correlation of agricultural machinery equipment, the algorithm model of preventive group maintenance time interval and maintenance opportunity was given. Finally, considering the relationship between the maintenance personnel and the number of agricultural machinery equipment in service, the algorithm model with the minimum maintenance cost as the goal was established, and the group maintenance plan of agricultural machinery equipment was obtained. Combined with the historical failure data and maintenance cost data of 10 small combine harvesters in a farm in Chongqing, the specific implementation case of group maintenance strategy in the service stage of agricultural machinery equipment was given. The results showed that compared with the traditional post maintenance method, the preventive group maintenance strategy reduced the total maintenance times and the total maintenance cost by 22.37% and 19.11%, respectively, which verified the effectiveness of preventive group maintenance strategy in the service stage of agricultural machinery equipment. The proposed method provided an important reference for the research work of maintenance strategy for agricultural machinery equipment. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 25

Main heading: Costs

Controlled terms: Agricultural machinery? - ?Agricultural robots? - ?Agriculture? - ?Maintenance? - ?Petroleum reservoir evaluation? - ?Reliability analysis? - ?Weibull distribution

Uncontrolled terms: Combine harvesters? - ?Fuzzy clustering analysis? - ?Maintenance personnel? - ?Maintenance strategies? - ?Minimum maintenances? - ?Reliability and safeties? - ?Reliability Evaluation? - ?Service characteristics

Classification code: 512.1.2 Petroleum Deposits : Development Operations? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control? - ?821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment? - ?911 Cost and Value Engineering; Industrial Economics? - ?913.5 Maintenance? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.91e+01%, Percentage 2.24e+01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S2.037

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

32. Optimal Design of Spinach Root-cutting Shovel Based on Discrete Element Method

Accession number: 20205209681628

Title of translation:

Authors: Yuan, Jin (1, 2, 3); Li, Jinguang (1); Zou, Liangliang (1, 2, 3); Liu, Xuemei (1, 2, 3)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an; 271018, China; (2) Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Machinery and Equipment, Tai’an; 271018, China; (3) Shandong Agricultural Equipment Intelligent Engineering Laboratory, Tai’an; 271018, China

Corresponding author: Liu, Xuemei(lxmywj@126.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 51

Issue date: December 18, 2020

Publication year: 2020

Pages: 85-98

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to settle the problems of loose spinach harvesting and large root-cutting resistance, starting from the characteristics of root-soil composite, the interaction between spinach roots, soil and root-cutting shovel in the harvest process was analyzed to optimize root gathering, reduce soil clogging, reduce shovel cutting resistance, and improve spinach root cutting efficiency. Firstly, a new type of root-cutting shovel with both root-cutting and root-gathering functions was designed. A root-cutting force model was established to calculate and optimize the key parameters of the blade. The blade cutting angle was determined as 60°, and the blade angle was 45°; the biomechanical properties of spinach roots were measured, a discrete element model of spinach roots with flexible body was established, and the bonding parameters of spinach roots were calculated based on the constitutive equation of the particle contact model. The spinach root-soil composite was established in combination with the soil model and the parameters of that were calibrated. A cutting simulation process of the root-soil composite with root-cutting shovel was built to clarify the working mechanism of the root-cutting shovel, and the main parameters that affected the performance of root-cutting and root-gathering were determined. The response surface simulation design was used to optimize the parameters of the root-cutting shovel. The optimal design parameters of the root-cutting shovel were determined as follows: blade angle was 76°, blade length ratio was 57%, and shove groove area ratio was 40%. Field spinach harvesting test showed that the root-cutting average rate was 93.8%, and the harvesting average rate was 87.2%. This research can provide theoretical guidance for the development of spinach harvester. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 31

Main heading: Shovels

Controlled terms: Composite structures? - ?Harvesting? - ?Optimal systems? - ?Soil testing? - ?Soils

Uncontrolled terms: Biomechanical properties? - ?Bonding parameters? - ?Cutting resistance? - ?Cutting simulation? - ?Discrete element modeling? - ?Optimal design parameters? - ?Particle contacts? - ?Working mechanisms

Classification code: 408.2 Structural Members and Shapes? - ?483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods? - ?961 Systems Science

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 4.00e+01%, Percentage 5.70e+01%, Percentage 8.72e+01%, Percentage 9.38e+01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S2.011

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

33. Correlation Analysis and Detection of Photochemical Absorption and Reflectance Spectra of Potato Leaves

Accession number: 20205209681319

Title of translation:

Authors: Zhao, Ruomei (1); Xing, Zizheng (1); Ma, Xuying (1); Song, Di (1); Li, Minzan (1, 2); Sun, Hong (1)

Author affiliation: (1) Key Laboratory of Modern Precision Agriculture System Integration Research, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Agricultural Information Acquisition Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China

Corresponding author: Sun, Hong(sunhong@cau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 51

Issue date: December 18, 2020

Publication year: 2020

Pages: 375-381

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to carry out the non-destructive detection of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of potato leaves, hyperspectral images of 200 regions of interest (RoI) were collected and the average reflectance was extracted. Then qP values of the corresponding areas were measured by the closed chlorophyll fluorescence imaging system of Fluorcam. Sample set partitioning based on joint X-Y distance (SPXY) algorithm was used to divide the samples into calibration set (135 samples) and validation set (65 samples) according to the ratio of 2:1. Algorithms of synergy interval partial least squares (si-PLS) and random frog (RF) were used to select feature wavelengths, and the partial least squares regression (PLSR) model was established with the selected wavelengths. The results showed that the calibration accuracy of si-PLS-PLSR model was 0.628 5, the validation accuracy was 0.610 3, and the calibration accuracy of RF-PLSR model was 0.709 3, the validation accuracy was 0.687 2. The interpretation of potato leaves by RF method was better than that by si-PLS method. Selected wavelengths mainly distributed in the range of 518.72~640.64 nm, 650~800 nm and 850~1 000 nm, which reflected that fluorescence emission signal was an important response characteristic of photochemical absorption in potato crops. And it also showed that the photochemical absorption was closely related to chlorophyll content, leaf structure, water content and other attributes. The mapping of qP values distribution in leaves provided an intuitive method for the analysis of photochemical absorption and photosynthesis dynamics of potato leaves. The study provided a way for the evaluation of photosynthetic activity, which could also be applied in monitoring of complex physiological and biochemical dynamic of potato crops. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 28

Main heading: Physiological models

Controlled terms: Calibration? - ?Chlorophyll? - ?Crops? - ?Fluorescence imaging? - ?Least squares approximations? - ?Reflection? - ?Spectroscopy? - ?Water absorption

Uncontrolled terms: Chlorophyll fluorescence imaging? - ?Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters? - ?Fluorescence emission? - ?Nondestructive detection? - ?Partial least squares regressions (PLSR)? - ?Photosynthetic activity? - ?Response characteristic? - ?Synergy interval partial least squares

Classification code: 802.3 Chemical Operations? - ?804.1 Organic Compounds? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?921.6 Numerical Methods

Numerical data indexing: Size 5.19e-07m to 6.41e-07m, Size 6.50e-07m to 8.00e-07m, Size 8.50e-07m to 1.00e-06m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S2.044

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

34. Simulation and Test on Droplet Distribution and Deposition of Fixed-pipe Cold Fogging System in Greenhouse

Accession number: 20205209681710

Title of translation:

Authors: Li, Xue (1, 2); Lu, Daipeng (1, 2); Wang, Shilin (1, 2); Fan, Daoquan (1); Zhou, Hao (1); Lü, Xiaolan (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) Institute of Agricultural Facilities and Equipment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanjing; 210014, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in the Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River, Nanjing; 210014, China

Corresponding author: Lü, Xiaolan(lxlanny@126.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 51

Issue date: December 18, 2020

Publication year: 2020

Pages: 261-267 and 315

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Based on CFD unsteady simulation, the airflow velocity field and droplet deposition model of the fixed-pipe cold fogging system in greenhouse were established, and the airflow velocity and droplet deposition characteristics of the fogging system under different operating parameters were analyzed. At the same time, the experimental verification of the droplet deposition characteristics was implemented. Results showed that the fogging system formed vortex flows in greenhouse, which was beneficial to the floating, dispersion and deposition of droplets. The optimal operating parameter of the system was 0.3 MPa with air pressure and 0.05 MPa with hydraulic pressure. The maximum deposition amount of droplets directly below the nozzle and between the nozzles was distributed in the area of 1m in front of the nozzle spray direction (sampling point 5), decreasing along the nozzle spray direction. The amount of ground droplets deposited directly below the nozzle was lower than that in the middle area, while at the height of 40 cm, 60 cm and 80 cm, the corresponding amount of droplet deposition directly below the nozzle was higher than that in the middle area. The droplets in the area directly below were mainly deposited in the height range of 60~80 cm, and the droplets in the middle area were mainly distributed in the height area of 40 cm and 80 cm. The correlation coefficients of the simulated and measured droplet deposition amount at different heights under different operating parameters were ranged from 0.990 to 0.924. The relative error range between the simulated and measured droplet deposition amount was 0.008~0.374, indicating that the CFD simulation can accurately predict the airflow velocity field and droplet deposition characteristics of the fogging system, and guide its operating parameters optimization. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 24

Main heading: Spray nozzles

Controlled terms: Air? - ?Deposition? - ?Drops? - ?Fog dispersal? - ?Greenhouses? - ?Velocity? - ?Vortex flow

Uncontrolled terms: Correlation coefficient? - ?Different heights? - ?Droplet deposition? - ?Droplet distribution? - ?Experimental verification? - ?Hydraulic pressure? - ?Operating parameters? - ?Unsteady simulations

Classification code: 443.1 Atmospheric Properties? - ?631.1 Fluid Flow, General? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations? - ?804 Chemical Products Generally? - ?821.6 Farm Buildings and Other Structures

Numerical data indexing: Pressure 3.00e+05Pa, Pressure 5.00e+04Pa, Size 1.00e+00m, Size 4.00e-01m, Size 6.00e-01m, Size 6.00e-01m to 8.00e-01m, Size 8.00e-01m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S2.030

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

35. Tractor Identification and Positioning Method Based on Depth Image and Neural Network

Accession number: 20205209681592

Title of translation:

Authors: Wang, Liang (1, 2); Zhai, Zhiqiang (1, 2); Zhu, Zhongxiang (1, 2); Li, Zhen (1, 2); Du, Yuefeng (1, 2); Mao, Enrong (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Beijing Key Laboratory of Optimized Design for Modern Agricultural Equipment, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China

Corresponding author: Zhai, Zhiqiang(zhaizhiqiang@cau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 51

Issue date: December 18, 2020

Publication year: 2020

Pages: 554-560

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: With the aim to solve the problems of low identification accuracy of the front tractor, relative positioning difficulty, and difficulty in ensuring the safety of autonomous operation in the multi-machine coordinated navigation operation, a method of tractor identification and positioning based on depth image and neural network was proposed. The tractor features were recognized and extracted by establishing YOLO-ZED neural network recognition model. The ZED camera was used to collect 1 100 tractor images at different angles, distances, and resolutions in cloudy and sunny days, and the LabelImg marking tool was used to manually mark the collected tractor images, marking the cab as the identification target. The tractor positioning model based on the depth image was established and the binocular positioning principle was used to calculate the spatial position coordinates of the tractor relative to the machine. A fixed-point identification and positioning test was performed on a small power tractor, and the identification and positioning results of the tractor were measured along the longitudinal, width and S-curve directions of the tractor. The test results showed that the algorithm can quickly and accurately identify and locate the spatial position of the tractor, and the average identification and positioning speed was 19 f/s. The maximum absolute error of positioning the tractor in the camera depth direction and width direction was 0.720 m and 0.090 m, respectively, the maximum relative error was 7.48% and 8.00%, and the standard deviation was less than 0.030 m. The accuracy and speed requirements of tractor target identification for multi-machine coordinated navigation can be met. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 28

Main heading: Automobile testing

Controlled terms: Cameras? - ?Image processing? - ?Neural networks? - ?Tractors (agricultural)? - ?Tractors (truck)

Uncontrolled terms: Autonomous operations? - ?Identification accuracy? - ?Maximum absolute error? - ?Maximum relative errors? - ?Neural network recognition? - ?Positioning principles? - ?Relative positioning? - ?Target identification

Classification code: 662 Automobiles and Smaller Vehicles? - ?663.1 Heavy Duty Motor Vehicles? - ?742.2 Photographic Equipment

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 7.48e+00%, Percentage 8.00e+00%, Size 3.00e-02m, Size 7.20e-01m, Size 9.00e-02m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S2.068

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

36. Research Status and Development Analysis of Base-fertilizer Application Equipment of Orchard

Accession number: 20205209681217

Title of translation:

Authors: Liu, Shuangxi (1, 2); Xu, Chunbao (1); Zhang, Hongjian (1); Jiang, Hao (1); Quan, Zekun (1); Wang, Jinxing (1, 3)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an; 271018, China; (2) Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Machinery and Equipment, Tai’an; 271018, China; (3) Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment Intelligence, Tai’an; 271018, China

Corresponding author: Wang, Jinxing(jinxingw@163.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 51

Issue date: December 18, 2020

Publication year: 2020

Pages: 99-108

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: China has superior natural conditions and is suitable for the growth of fruit trees. It is a big fruit producing country. The cultivation area and yield of fruit trees rank first in the world all year round. Fruit industry is not only the third largest agricultural planting industry after grain and vegetable, but also the main industry to increase farmers’ income. Fertilization of fruit trees is a key link in orchard production. The quality of fertilization directly affects the nutrient absorption of fruit trees. Rational fertilization is an important measure to ensure the high, stable and increasing yield of fruit trees. The main forms of fertilization in orchard include depth application of base-fertilizer, top dressing of soil, foliar spraying and trunk coating. Among them, the application amount of base-fertilizer accounts for more than 70% of the total amount of fertilization in the whole year, which is the most important stage affecting the yield and quality of fruit trees. Mechanization of base-fertilizer application is an important embodiment of mechanization level of orchard production and management. The agronomic requirements and development of orchard base-fertilizer mechanization were comprehensively analyzed, and the typical machinery and its technical parameters and characteristics of the base-fertilizer fertilization equipment in China and foreign developed countries were emphatically elaborated. Combined with the basic agricultural situation and the actual situation of orchard production in China, the main problems to be solved in the development of orchard base-fertilizer application mechanization in China were summarized, and the development trend of orchard base-fertilizer application equipment was prospected. It provided a reference for the further development of orchard base fertilizer application equipment in China. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 73

Main heading: Orchards

Controlled terms: Agricultural robots? - ?Cultivation? - ?Fertilizers? - ?Forestry? - ?Fruits? - ?Machinery? - ?Mechanization

Uncontrolled terms: Developed countries? - ?Development trends? - ?Fertilizer applications? - ?Fruit industry? - ?Fruit trees? - ?Natural conditions? - ?Nutrient absorption? - ?Research status

Classification code: 601 Mechanical Design? - ?804 Chemical Products Generally? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 7.00e+01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S2.012

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

37. Wear Performance of Electric Pruning Scissors Based on Bionic Micro-structure

Accession number: 20205209681699

Title of translation:

Authors: Sun, Jianfeng (1); Huo, Dongfei (1); Li, Bo (1); Xing, Kaifeng (1); Wang, Weiqiang (1); Yang, Zhou (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou; 510642, China

Corresponding author: Yang, Zhou(yangzhou@scau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 51

Issue date: December 18, 2020

Publication year: 2020

Pages: 593-602

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: A biomimetic micro-texture tool for earthworm was designed. Based on the surface morphology of earthworm, the micro-texture of tool surface was processed by laser molding technology. The friction coefficient and wear of the bionic texture tool and the ordinary tool were studied through the comparative test of friction and wear, and the wear reduction mechanism of the bionic tool was analyzed. The cutting test of longan branches with different diameters was carried out by the self-made cutting test platform to verify the wear reduction characteristics of the bionic cutting tools. The results showed that the optimized process parameters of the bionic laser forming tool were as follows: laser power was 75 W, laser scanning speed was 4.8 mm/s; the actual size of the micro-texture of the bionic cutter was 138.3 m wide and 33.5 m deep. Compared with ordinary cutting tools, the texture bionic cutting tools showed the minimum friction coefficient of 0.261 9 and the volume wear amount of 616.70 mm3 when the groove spacing width was 1.6 mm under the load of 400 g, which had obvious wear reduction characteristics. With the increase of load, the wear mechanism was gradually changed from adhesive wear and micro-cutting wear to the complex wear forms of abrasive wear and oxidation wear. When the wear was stable, the required cutting times of 1.6 mm texture bionic tool were 50~55 times higher than that of ordinary tool (45~50) times, and the stable times of 1.6 mm texture bionic tool in cutting the wear area of branches with a diameter of 10 mm, 15 mm and 20 mm were 35~40, 45~50 and 50~55 respectively. The larger the diameter of the branch was, the more obvious the anti-wear effect of the texture tool was. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 30

Main heading: Cutting tools

Controlled terms: Adhesives? - ?Biomimetics? - ?Bionics? - ?Cutting? - ?Forming? - ?Friction? - ?Morphology? - ?Surface morphology? - ?Textures? - ?Tribology ? - ?Wear of materials

Uncontrolled terms: Comparative tests? - ?Friction and wear? - ?Friction coefficients? - ?Groove spacings? - ?Laser scanning speed? - ?Molding technologies? - ?Optimized process? - ?Wear performance

Classification code: 461 Bioengineering and Biology? - ?603.2 Machine Tool Accessories? - ?931 Classical Physics; Quantum Theory; Relativity? - ?951 Materials Science

Numerical data indexing: Mass 4.00e-01kg, Power 7.50e+01W, Size 1.00e-02m, Size 1.38e+02m, Size 1.50e-02m, Size 1.60e-03m, Size 2.00e-02m, Size 3.35e+01m, Volume 6.17e-07m3

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S2.073

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

38. In-situ Soil Nitrate Nitrogen Detection System Based on Novel Solid-state Ion-selective Electrode with Composite Nano-conductive Layer

Accession number: 20205209681833

Title of translation:

Authors: Chen, Ming (1); Lan, Tian (1); Yao, Lan (1); Li, Li (1, 2); Zhang, Miao (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) Key Laboratory of Modern Precision Agriculture System Integration Research, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Agricultural Information Acquisition Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China

Corresponding author: Zhang, Miao(zhangmiao@cau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 51

Issue date: December 18, 2020

Publication year: 2020

Pages: 402-407

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: An all-solid-state nitrate doped polypyrrole (PPy(NO3-) ion-selective electrode (ISE) was prepared with a nanohybrid composite film of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and electrochemically reduced graphene oxide (ERGO). Preliminary tests on the ISE based in-situ soil nitrate nitrogen (NO3--N) monitoring was conducted in a laboratory 3-stage column. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and electrochemical reduced graphene oxide (ERGO) nanocomposite were used to improve the stability, sensitivity, and lifetime of ISE. The electrode life was significantly improved, and the average response slope was 44.02 mV/dec within 65 days. The relationship between soil depth, soil texture, soil moisture, and soil nitrate nitrogen content of percolate was analyzed by the in-situ real-time monitoring system of soil percolate. The results showed that different soil depth, texture, and moisture had no effect on the detection of nitrate nitrogen concentration in soil exudate. The nitrate nitrogen was significantly affected by the sampling depth, which was raised by 30~60 mg/L with a depth increase of 10 cm. the influence of water content was not obvious. The soil particle size of 2.5 mm was the influence pole. The influence was not obvious when the particle size was smaller than 2.5 mm, while the nitrate nitrogen concentration was decreased by 19.5% in soil percolate solutions with particle size larger than 2.5 mm. The determination results of nitrate nitrogen in tested percolate samples by ISE and UV-VIS methods were in good agreement. Obvious differences of 5~6 times concentrated nitrate nitrogen concentration were found between the in-situ percolate samples and conventional soil extracts. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 23

Main heading: Ion selective electrodes

Controlled terms: Fiber optic sensors? - ?Gold nanoparticles? - ?Graphene? - ?Indium compounds? - ?Metal nanoparticles? - ?Nanocomposite films? - ?Nitrates? - ?Nitrogen? - ?Particle size? - ?Polypyrroles ? - ?Reduced Graphene Oxide? - ?Soil moisture? - ?Textures

Uncontrolled terms: Conductive layer? - ?Electrochemical-reduced graphene oxides? - ?Electrochemically reduced graphene? - ?Influence of water? - ?Nano-hybrid composites? - ?Nitrate nitrogen? - ?Real time monitoring system? - ?Soil particle size

Classification code: 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?712.1 Semiconducting Materials? - ?741.1.2 Fiber Optics? - ?761 Nanotechnology? - ?802.1 Chemical Plants and Equipment? - ?804 Chemical Products Generally? - ?804.2 Inorganic Compounds? - ?815.1.1 Organic Polymers

Numerical data indexing: Age 1.78e-01yr, Mass_Density 3.00e-02kg/m3 to 6.00e-02kg/m3, Percentage 1.95e+01%, Size 1.00e-01m, Size 2.50e-03m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S2.048

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

39. Segmentation Method for Maize Stubble Row Based on Hyperspectral Imaging

Accession number: 20205209681318

Title of translation:

Authors: Wang, Chunlei (1, 2); Chen, Wanzhi (1, 2); Lu, Caiyun (1, 2); Wang, Qingjie (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Arable Land Conservation (North Hebei), Beijing; 100083, China

Corresponding author: Lu, Caiyun(lucaiyun@cau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 51

Issue date: December 18, 2020

Publication year: 2020

Pages: 421-426

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Traditional vision detection methods generally have better image segmentation effect when image foreground and background have obvious chromaticity difference. However, for the maize stubble field harvested by combine harvester, there are other backgrounds besides maize stubble row such as maize residues, naked land surface, and their color are very similar. Therefore, traditional image processing methods are not suitable for the segmentation of maize stubble row. In order to achieve precise and rapid segmentation of maize stubble row, a segmentation method for maize stubble row based on hyperspectral imaging technology was put forward. Firstly, the original hyperspectral image of maize stubble row was corrected by black and white correction algorithm. Then, the principal components analysis algorithm (PCA) was used to analyze the hyperspectral image. And the feature wavelengths (1 260 nm, 1 658 nm and 2 131 nm), which could maximum highlight the stubble tip incision and lighten the backgrounds, was selected according to the weight coefficient curve. In addition, the PCA algorithm was widely used in hyperspectral image analysis because of its effective dimension reduction effect and convenience. Secondly, images at three wavelengths were extracted and analyzed by PCA. After that, the PC2 image was convert into binarization image via single threshold method. Thirdly, the median filtering algorithm, morphological open operation, and edge noise removing algorithm were applied to ensure the precision and integrity of the maize stubble row. Totally 50 test images were collected to verify the segmentation effect of the presented method. At the same time, the segmentation precision rate, recall rate, and F1 value were calculated. The results revealed that the method proposed had good segmentation effect, and the segmentation precision rate, recall rate, and F1 value were 91.85%, 90.49%, and 91.16%, respectively. Therefore, the developed method realized good performance in maize stubble row segmentation and can provide great help for detection of navigation line in maize stubble cropland harvested by combine harvester. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 24

Main heading: Image segmentation

Controlled terms: Binary images? - ?Grain (agricultural product)? - ?Harvesters? - ?Hyperspectral imaging? - ?Image analysis? - ?Median filters? - ?Spectroscopy

Uncontrolled terms: Correction algorithms? - ?Effective dimensions? - ?Hyperspectral imaging technologies? - ?Image processing - methods? - ?Median filtering algorithm? - ?Principal components analysis algorithms? - ?Segmentation methods? - ?Segmentation precision

Classification code: 703.2 Electric Filters? - ?723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing? - ?821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 9.05e+01%, Percentage 9.12e+01%, Percentage 9.18e+01%, Size 1.26e-06m, Size 1.66e-06m, Size 2.13e-06m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S2.051

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

40. Design and Test of Longitudinal Axial Flexible Hammer-claw Corn Thresher

Accession number: 20205209681598

Title of translation:

Authors: Wang, Zhanbin (1); Wang, Zhenwei (2); Zhang, Yinping (1, 3); Yan, Wenxi (1); Chi, Yanjie (1); Liu, Chengqiang (3)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo; 255049, China; (2) Nanjing Research Institute for Agricultural Mechanization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing; 210014, China; (3) Shandong Shifeng (Group)Co., Ltd., Liaocheng; 252800, China

Corresponding author: Zhang, Yinping(zhangyinping929@163.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 51

Issue date: December 18, 2020

Publication year: 2020

Pages: 109-117

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to solve the problems of serious grain breakage and high unstripping rate in the direct harvest of corn in double-cropping area, a longitudinal axial flexible hammer-claw corn threshing device was designed. The threshing device adopted the longitudinal axial flow threshing drum, and the threshing hammer-claw was installed on the threshing drum. Different types of threshing hammer-claw can be replaced in the front and back sections of threshing, and the threshing hammer-claw can be flexibly connected with the threshing drum to reduce the grain crushing rate and realize the flexible and low-damage threshing of corn. The threshing concave plate adopted a segmented combination type, which was convenient for the adjustment of the threshing section and the separation section. The concave plate cylindrical steel was designed with a semi-spherical protrusion to increase the rubbing force and improve the removed rate. The feeding amount and drum rotational speed, threshing hammer-claw type were taken as test factors, the orthogonal experiment under different moisture contents was confirmed, roller speed and the best parameter combination of threshing hammer-claw results showed that under the condition of moisture content of 25.12%, the best parameter combination for the drum rotating speed was 500 r/min, feeding amount was 8 kg/s, the take-off section was a flat head threshing hammer, and the flat and strong release sections were round head threshing hammer-claw, the grain crushing rate was 3.73%, unstripping rate was 0.69%. Under the condition of water content of 32.83%, the optimal parameter combination was the drum speed of 450 r/min, the feeding amount of 8 kg/s, the take-off section, the flat and strong release sections were all round head threshing hammer-claws, and the grain crushing rate and unstripping rate were 4.36% and 0.70%, respectively. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 28

Main heading: Hammers

Controlled terms: Crushing? - ?Feeding? - ?Grain (agricultural product)? - ?Moisture? - ?Moisture determination

Uncontrolled terms: Design and tests? - ?Different moisture contents? - ?Double cropping? - ?Grain breakage? - ?Optimal parameter combinations? - ?Orthogonal experiment? - ?Parameter combination? - ?Rotational speed

Classification code: 605.2 Small Tools, Unpowered? - ?691.2 Materials Handling Methods? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?944.2 Moisture Measurements

Numerical data indexing: Mass_Flow_Rate 8.00e+00kg/s, Percentage 2.51e+01%, Percentage 3.28e+01%, Percentage 3.73e+00%, Percentage 4.36e+00%, Percentage 6.90e-01%, Percentage 7.00e-01%, Rotational_Speed 4.50e+02RPM, Rotational_Speed 5.00e+02RPM

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S2.013

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

41. Development of Portable Device for Detection on Multi-quality Parameters of Aquatic Products by Raman Spectroscopy

Accession number: 20205209681842

Title of translation:

Authors: Zhang, Leilei (1, 2); Teng, Guanhongwei (1, 2); Zhu, Cheng (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou; 310018, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Marine Food Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou; 310018, China

Corresponding author: Zhu, Cheng(pzhch@cjlu.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 51

Issue date: December 18, 2020

Publication year: 2020

Pages: 478-483

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Aquatic products are easy to be corrupted and deteriorated after fishing. However, due to the large volume, inconvenient movement, and complicated operation, it is difficult to be applied for conventional detection devices. In order to meet the needs of rapid detection of aquatic products, a portable multi-quality parameter detection device for aquatic products based on Raman spectroscopy was developed. The hardware system of the device was mainly composed of a light source module, a spectrum acquisition module, a system control processing module, a touch screen, a power module, and a communication module. The Raman spectral data of samples collected by the hardware system of the device, and the collected spectral data was smoothed and background subtracted by standard normal variate transformation, Whittaker smoothing algorithm, adaptive iterative reweighted penalty least squares algorithm. At the same time, according to the national standard method, the standard physicochemical values of pomfret color b*, thiobarbituric acid (TBA) and total volatile base nitrogen (TVB-N) were collected, combined with spectral data, partial least squares regression quantitative prediction model for aquatic product quality was established. The results showed that the correlation coefficients of the validation color of b*, TBA and TVB-N were 0.907, 0.897 and 0.915, respectively. The root mean square error of the verification set was 1.315, 0.104 mg/(100 g) and 2.875 mg/(100 g). The prediction model was implanted into the portable device software system to realize one-key detection of multi-quality parameter indicators of aquatic products. Finally, the accuracy of portable device was verified. The correlation coefficients between the predicted values of b*, TBA and TVB-N of 18 pomfret samples and standard values were 0.927, 0.883 and 0.904, and the root mean square errors were 1.139, 0.271 mg/(100 g) and 1.896 mg/(100 g), respectively. The results showed that the portable device can realize the multi-index real-time non-destructive detection of pomfret. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 22

Main heading: Portable equipment

Controlled terms: Iterative methods? - ?Least squares approximations? - ?Light sources? - ?Mean square error? - ?Metadata? - ?Predictive analytics? - ?Raman spectroscopy? - ?Touch screens

Uncontrolled terms: Conventional detection? - ?Correlation coefficient? - ?Least squares algorithm? - ?Nondestructive detection? - ?Partial least squares regression? - ?Quantitative prediction? - ?Root mean square errors? - ?Standard normal variate transformations

Classification code: 722.2 Computer Peripheral Equipment? - ?921.6 Numerical Methods? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics

Numerical data indexing: Mass 1.00e-01kg

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S2.059

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

42. Simulation and Experiment of Single Longitudinal Axial Material Movement and Establishment of Wheat Plants Model

Accession number: 20205209681484

Title of translation:

Authors: Wang, Wanzhang (1); Liu, Wanru (1); Yuan, Linghe (1); Qu, Zhe (1); He, Xun (1); Lü, Yanliu (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou; 450002, China

Corresponding author: Qu, Zhe(quzhe071171@henau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 51

Issue date: December 18, 2020

Publication year: 2020

Pages: 170-180

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Aiming at the blockage problem in the material conveying of the single longitudinal axial flow wheat combine harvester, the conveying process of the wheat in the screw conveyor, indined conveyor and threshing drum screw feed head was theoretically analyzed, and the main factors affecting the conveying performance of wheat and the optimal parameter range were determined. The EDEM software was used to establish discrete element model of wheat plants during harvest, and the EDEM-Recurdyn coupling method was used to construct a simulation system for the conveying system of wheat from the screw conveyor, through the indined conveyor, to the threshing drum, and wheat migration law, axial velocity and local material mass flow rate changes were analyzed during continuous conveying. Then the feed quantity, screw conveyor speed, indined conveyor drive shaft speed and threshing drum speed were taken as the experiment factors, and the material conveying time was taken as the experiment index, the quadrature orthogonal rotation center combination experiment with four factors and five levels was carried out. The results showed that the influence of various factors on the conveying time from large to small were feed rate, speed of threshing drum, screw conveyor speed, and indined conveyor driving shaft speed. The results showed that when the feed rate was 7.52 kg/s, the screw conveyor speed was 308 r/min, the indined conveyor driving shaft speed was 369 r/min, and the threshing drum speed was 1 083 r/min, the conveying time was 6.37 s, and the conveying time was the shortest. Finally, the high-speed photography technology was used to verify the conveying performance. The results showed that the error between the experiment and the simulation was 4.08%, which verified the reliability of the numerical simulation results and provided a theoretical basis for solving the problem of blockage in the conveying system of the single longitudinal axial flow combine. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 28

Main heading: High speed photography

Controlled terms: Agriculture? - ?Axial flow? - ?Combines? - ?Computer software? - ?Screw conveyors? - ?Screws? - ?Speed

Uncontrolled terms: Conveying systems? - ?Coupling methods? - ?Discrete element modeling? - ?Local materials? - ?Optimal parameter? - ?Orthogonal rotations? - ?Simulation systems? - ?Wheat combine harvesters

Classification code: 605 Small Tools and Hardware? - ?631.1 Fluid Flow, General? - ?692.1 Conveyors? - ?723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications? - ?742.1 Photography? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control? - ?821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment

Numerical data indexing: Mass_Flow_Rate 7.52e+00kg/s, Percentage 4.08e+00%, Rotational_Speed 1.08e+03RPM, Rotational_Speed 3.08e+02RPM, Rotational_Speed 3.69e+02RPM, Time 6.37e+00s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S2.021

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

43. Recognition of Chinese Agricultural Diseases and Pests Named Entity with Joint Radical-embedding and Self-attention Mechanism

Accession number: 20205209681585

Title of translation:

Authors: Guo, Xuchao (1); Tang, Zhan (1); Diao, Lei (1); Zhou, Han (1); Li, Lin (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China

Corresponding author: Li, Lin(lilincau@126.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 51

Issue date: December 18, 2020

Publication year: 2020

Pages: 335-343

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Chinese named entity recognition in agricultural diseases and pests domain(CNER-ADP) plays an important role in agricultural natural language processing such as relation extraction, agricultural knowledge graph construction, and agricultural knowledge question and answering, but it still presents some problems, i.e., the neglect of inherent semantic information and local contextual features and the insufficiency of capturing long-distance dependencies, which will lead to low accuracy and robustness. To solve the above problems and tackle the CNER-ADP task, a novel Chinese named entity recognition method for agricultural diseases and pests via jointly using radical-embedding and self-attention (RS-ADP) was proposed. Firstly, the model integrated radical embedding and character embedding as input to enrich semantic information. Among them, three different strategies, including CNN and BiLSTM were both designed to capture the radical-level embedding. Secondly, a CNNs layer with different kernel sizes was considered capturing multi-scale local contextual features. Thirdly, based on the BiLSTM layer, self-attention mechanism was used to further enhance the ability of the model to extract longer-distance dependencies. Finally, the conditional random field (CRF) was utilized to identify entity boundaries and category. The experiments were carried out on the corpus of agricultural diseases and pests, named AgCNER, which contained 11 categories and 24 715 samples. At macro-level, the RS-ADP model achieved optimal precision, recall, and F1 values of 94.16%, 94.47%, and 94.32%, respectively. In terms of specific categories, it achieved F1 values as high as 95.81%, 97.76%, and 97.23% on easily identifiable entities such as crop, disease, and pest. Meanwhile, this model still maintained over 86% of F1 value on some other difficultly recognized entities such as weed and pathogeny. The experimental results showed that the proposed model could effectively recognize the named entities of agricultural pests and diseases without feature engineering. Moreover, it had certain generalization and outperformed other models. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 32

Main heading: Agriculture

Controlled terms: Agricultural robots? - ?Bismuth compounds? - ?Embeddings? - ?Knowledge representation? - ?Natural language processing systems? - ?Random processes? - ?Semantics

Uncontrolled terms: Attention mechanisms? - ?Chinese named entity recognition? - ?Conditional random field? - ?Feature engineerings? - ?Long-distance dependencies? - ?NAtural language processing? - ?Relation extraction? - ?Semantic information

Classification code: 723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing? - ?723.4 Artificial Intelligence? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control? - ?922.1 Probability Theory

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 8.60e+01%, Percentage 9.42e+01%, Percentage 9.43e+01%, Percentage 9.45e+01%, Percentage 9.58e+01%, Percentage 9.72e+01%, Percentage 9.78e+01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S2.039

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

44. Resource Consumption Evaluation Model of Orchard Spray Machinery

Accession number: 20205209681673

Title of translation:

Authors: Chen, Bingtai (1); Zheng, Yongjun (1); Jiang, Shijie (1); Yang, Shenghui (1); Lü, Haotun (1); Kang, Feng (2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) School of Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing; 100083, China

Corresponding author: Lü, Haotun(lvhaotun@cau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 51

Issue date: December 18, 2020

Publication year: 2020

Pages: 289-297

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to reduce the comprehensive cost of orchard spray, it is necessary to evaluate the resource consumption level of application machinery. A typical air-assisted sprayer, a single-rotor and a six-rotor plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) were applied for spray test. The results showed that the droplet deposition density of three spraying machines in each layer were all more than 25 droplets/cm2. The droplet distribution uniformity decreased in vertical canopies seen from the direction of blowing. Observed from the horizontal direction, the droplet distribution uniformity was also decreased from outside to inside layers. The highest coefficient of variation (CV) values were separately 63.54% and 79.19%. In terms of the droplet penetration, the air-assisted sprayer was superior with the low CV value nearby 5.35%. While the CV value of the single-rotor plant protection UAV was 35.20% in the horizontal direction and the CV value of six-rotor plant protection UAV was 40.77% in vertical direction with bad penetration. The droplet loss on the ground of the single-rotor and six-rotor plant protection UAV were 2.78% and 12.50% of that of the air-assisted sprayer, respectively, which reduced the pesticide waste. Then, two resource consumption evaluation models of application machinery were constructed using two linear weighting methods (objective weighting method based on coefficient of variation and subjective weighting method) with the evaluation indexes of water, pesticide, labor, time, and energy consumption. The results showed the descending order with resource consumption of the single-rotor plant protection UAV, the six-rotor plant protection UAV and the air-assisted sprayer. The CV values of comprehensive evaluation index in two evaluation methods were 110.2% and 74.2%, which indicated that the evaluation model based on the objective weighting method was better. The conclusions provided a reference for farmers to choose a suitable application machinery and reduce the comprehensive cost in orchard. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 25

Main heading: Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)

Controlled terms: Antennas? - ?Cost reduction? - ?Drops? - ?Energy utilization? - ?Machinery? - ?Orchards? - ?Pesticides? - ?Woolen and worsted yarn

Uncontrolled terms: Air-assisted sprayer? - ?Coefficient of variation? - ?Coefficient of variation values? - ?Comprehensive costs? - ?Comprehensive evaluation index? - ?Droplet distribution? - ?Resource consumption? - ?Subjective weighting

Classification code: 525.3 Energy Utilization? - ?652.1 Aircraft, General? - ?803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals? - ?819.1 Natural Fibers? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.10e+02%, Percentage 1.25e+01%, Percentage 2.78e+00%, Percentage 3.52e+01%, Percentage 4.08e+01%, Percentage 5.35e+00%, Percentage 6.35e+01%, Percentage 7.42e+01%, Percentage 7.92e+01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S2.034

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

45. Spray Boom Height Intelligent Adjustment System Based on Expert Control

Accession number: 20205209681493

Title of translation:

Authors: Sun, Xing (1); Yang, Xuejun (1, 2); Dong, Xiang (1); Zhang, Tie (3); Yan, Herong (2); Wang, Zhidong (3)

Author affiliation: (1) Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Sciences, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Soil-Plant-Machinery System Technology, Beijing; 100083, China; (3) Modern Agricultural Equipment Co., Ltd., Beijing; 100083, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 51

Issue date: December 18, 2020

Publication year: 2020

Pages: 275-282

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to ensure the application effect of plant protection, the proper distance between spray boom and plant canopy need to be maintained when field surface relief and soil hardness were changed during the whole working period. Three ultrasonic distance measuring sensors were used to obtain the height information of spray boom, and the sensors data were preprocessed with amplitude-limiting and moving average algorithm. Two dual-axis inclination sensors were used to obtain the posture information of sprayer and spray boom which were installed on the chassis of sprayer and spray boom respectively. And then multi-sensor fusion algorithm based on weighted average was used to handle the spray boom height information. Then different control strategies were designed for different working states of sprayer by using expert knowledge and experience. According to the established control strategy, the control signal was outputted by the inference engine of expert control to control mechanism which was used to drive the spray boom height adjustment cylinder. The mechanical structure of the boom system was introduced, and the composition and working principle of the boom height intelligent adjustment system (BHIAS) were described. The control algorithm and software realization of BHIAS were elaborated. The work status of external variable spraying system was obtained by CAN bus to achieve synchronization of work status between BHIAS and variable spraying system. The touch screen was used to achieve human-computer interaction and control parameters was sent to the controller for boom height control, such as amplification coefficient, attenuation coefficient, adjustment tolerance, etc. The BHIAS was applied to 3WZG-3000A boom sprayer which was developed by the research group. Ground tests were conducted separately for testing the adjustment performance of BHIAS. The test results showed that BHIAS can follow the boom height adjustment requirements which was caused by step excitation quickly. When the allowable error of boom height adjustment was 8% and the height of step excitation was 20 cm, the maximum adjustment time of BHIAS was no more than 0.75 s. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 23

Main heading: Human computer interaction

Controlled terms: Digital storage? - ?Touch screens? - ?User experience

Uncontrolled terms: Amplification coefficient? - ?Attenuation coefficient? - ?Control parameters? - ?Distance measuring sensors? - ?Dual-axis inclinations? - ?Mechanical structures? - ?Moving-average algorithm? - ?Multi-sensor fusion

Classification code: 722.1 Data Storage, Equipment and Techniques? - ?722.2 Computer Peripheral Equipment

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 8.00e+00%, Size 2.00e-01m, Time 7.50e-01s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S2.032

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

46. Detection of Potato Powder Addition in Noodles Based on Hyperspectral Imaging

Accession number: 20205209681460

Title of translation:

Authors: Ren, Zhishang (1); Peng, Huihui (1); He, Zhuangzhuang (1); Du, Juan (1); Yin, Xiang (1); Ma, Chengye (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo; 255000, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Shandong Provincial Universities for Technologies in Functional Products, Zibo; 255000, China

Corresponding author: Ma, Chengye(mcycn2002@163.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 51

Issue date: December 18, 2020

Publication year: 2020

Pages: 466-470 and 506

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to quickly and non-destructively detect the content of whole potato powder in potato noodles, the hyperspectral imaging technology was used to quantitatively detect the content of whole potato powder in noodles. Totally 120 noodle samples with a total potato flour content of 0~35% were self-made, and hyperspectral images of the noodles were collected in the 900~2 500 nm spectral range. Totally 80 samples were randomly selected as the calibration set, and the original spectra and the spectra preprocessed by moving average, smoothing S-G, baseline, normalize, standard normalized variate, and multiplicative scattering correction were used to establish the partial least squares regression model, principal component regression model and support vector machine regression model. The results showed that the partial least squares regression modeling effect was the best after the standardized preprocessing method. The coefficient of determination of the calibration set (RC2) was 0.865 3, the coefficient of determination of the cross validation set (RCV2) was 0.691 4. The characteristic wavelength was extracted from the spectral data preprocessed by normalize by regression coefficient method, and a simplified model of potato powder content PLSR was established. The coefficient of determination of the calibration set (RC2) was 0.868 5. The validation set determination coefficient (RCV2) was 0.802 1. The results showed that the model based on the characteristic wavelength was better than the full-band model. Using the remaining 40 samples as the prediction set, the Normalize-PLSR simplified prediction model was established based on the characteristic wavelength. The coefficient of determination of the prediction set (RP2) was 0.845 6. The model had good prediction ability. The results showed that it was feasible to use hyperspectral imaging technology to detect the total potato flour content in noodles. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 22

Main heading: Hyperspectral imaging

Controlled terms: Calibration? - ?Forecasting? - ?Least squares approximations? - ?Predictive analytics? - ?Spectroscopy? - ?Support vector machines? - ?Support vector regression

Uncontrolled terms: Coefficient of determination? - ?Determination coefficients? - ?Hyperspectral imaging technologies? - ?Multiplicative scattering corrections? - ?Partial least squares regression models? - ?Principal component regression? - ?Regression coefficient? - ?Support vector machine regressions

Classification code: 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications? - ?921.6 Numerical Methods

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 0.00e+00% to 3.50e+01%, Size 9.00e-07m to 2.50e-06m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S2.057

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

47. Variation Law and Prediction Model of Substrate Moisture Content at Different Depths

Accession number: 20205209681544

Title of translation:

Authors: Yang, Chengfei (1); He, Shouxing (2); Meng, Fanjia (3); Li, Wenjun (1); Li, Li (1); Sigrimis, N.A. (4)

Author affiliation: (1) Key Laboratory of Agricultural Information Acquisition Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Alpine Economic Plants Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lijiang; 674199, China; (3) Key Laboratory of Modern Precision Agriculture System Integration Research, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (4) Department of Agricultural Engineering, Athens Agricultural University, Athens; 11855, Greece

Corresponding author: Li, Li(lily@cau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 51

Issue date: December 18, 2020

Publication year: 2020

Pages: 408-414

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to ascertain the change law of the substrate moisture content at different depths, drying method was used to calibrate multiple EC-5 sensors, and the four sensors were placed at four different depths, i.e., 5 cm, 10 cm, 15 cm and 20 cm vertically from the dripper. The changes of the vertical substrate water content under different dripper flow and drip irrigation conditions were measured, and a prediction model of substrate water content at different depths was established. The test results showed that the substrate moisture content of the first layer (5 cm away from the dripper) was risen first after the drip irrigation started and quickly reached a higher level. After the drip irrigation stopped, the moisture would quickly diffuse to the deeper substrate layer, and its moisture content can be increased to the root system easy to use level (25.3% and above), the rapid water migration time lasted for about 1 h. With the decrease of the initial substrate moisture content, under the same dripper flow and irrigation conditions, the degree of water migration in the vertical direction was deeper. The initial water content of the first layer of the substrate, drip irrigation time, prediction time, predicted layer height difference, and dripper flow were used as input, and genetic algorithm optimized BP neural network algorithm and random forest regression algorithm (RFR) were used to establish different depths of water content of the substrate under drip irrigation rate prediction model. The predicted water content of the substrate after drip irrigation in the experiment compared with the actual measured water content of the substrate at different depths, and the error analysis was performed on the prediction results of different prediction depths. The results showed that the prediction accuracy (R2) of the GA-BP prediction model and the RFR prediction model were 0.866 4 and 0.946 5, respectively, that was, the prediction model established by the RFR algorithm was more accurate, and the closer the prediction depth was to the first layer, the more accurate the prediction result was. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 24

Main heading: Predictive analytics

Controlled terms: Backpropagation? - ?Decision trees? - ?Forecasting? - ?Genetic algorithms? - ?Irrigation? - ?Moisture? - ?Moisture determination? - ?Multilayer neural networks

Uncontrolled terms: BP neural networks? - ?Initial water contents? - ?Prediction accuracy? - ?Prediction model? - ?Regression algorithms? - ?Substrate layers? - ?Substrate moisture contents? - ?Vertical direction

Classification code: 723.4 Artificial Intelligence? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods? - ?944.2 Moisture Measurements? - ?961 Systems Science

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 2.53e+01%, Size 1.00e-01m, Size 1.50e-01m, Size 2.00e-01m, Size 5.00e-02m, Time 3.60e+03s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S2.049

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

48. Vehicle Mounted Soil Conductivity Detection System Based on Digital Oscilloscope

Accession number: 20205209681257

Title of translation:

Authors: Yang, Wei (1); Han, Yu (1); Li, Minzan (1); Meng, Chao (1)

Author affiliation: (1) Key Laboratory of Modern Precision Agriculture System Integration Research, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China

Corresponding author: Li, Minzan(limz@cau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 51

Issue date: December 18, 2020

Publication year: 2020

Pages: 395-401

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Generally, there are two methods to detect soil electrical conductivity, which are contact and non-contact. Among them, the development of contact soil conductivity meter is generally based on the principle of current-voltage four-terminal method, using constant current source as excitation source and voltmeter as feedback signal detection equipment. Based on the principle of current voltage four terminal method, the signal generator instead of constant current source was used as excitation source to provide sine signal with larger amplitude and higher stability, and the digital oscilloscope was used to replace voltage source for feedback signal detection, so as to solve the problem of slow frequency of voltage RMS conversion and AD conversion. A soil conductivity detection system based on digital oscilloscope was developed. The field vehicular measurement experiment was divided into two parts: stability detection and fixed-point measurement. Under the stability test, the detection system can read the relevant data stably. Field fixed-point measurement experiment combined with soil sample collection and laboratory experiment, the measured value of soil conductivity and the true value of soil conductivity at each fixed point were obtained. Based on the field experiment data as the ordinate and the laboratory measurement as the abscissa, the data scatter diagram was drawn, and R2 was 0.753 1. In order to further explore the problem of poor correlation of experimental data, according to the situation of two kinds of measurement contact surface between electrode and soil to be measured caused by tractor traction plow disc shaking in the experiment. After analyzing and eliminating the influence of tractor shaking phenomenon on the data results, the determination coefficient R2 between the measured soil conductivity data and the experimental data can be increased to 0.855 2~0.906 6, which indicated that the equipment can achieve a high level of measurement accuracy without the influence of external factors such as measurement methods. According to the comparison of experimental data, the results showed that the vehicle mounted soil conductivity meter based on digital oscilloscope can stably measure in farmland, and had good performance and accuracy. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 22

Main heading: Soil surveys

Controlled terms: Cathode ray oscilloscopes? - ?Feedback? - ?Signal detection? - ?Soils? - ?Tractors (truck)

Uncontrolled terms: Constant current source? - ?Detection equipments? - ?Determination coefficients? - ?Digital oscilloscope? - ?Laboratory experiments? - ?Laboratory measurements? - ?Measurement experiments? - ?Soil electrical conductivity

Classification code: 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?663.1 Heavy Duty Motor Vehicles? - ?716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing? - ?731.1 Control Systems? - ?942.2 Electric Variables Measurements

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S2.047

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

49. Preparation of Pomelo Peel Nanocrystalline Cellulose and Its Application in Improving Properties of Carboxymethyl Starch Film

Accession number: 20205209681656

Title of translation:

Authors: Tang, Qingmiao (1); Tu, Xiaoli (1); Yu, Ben (1); Wang, Lufeng (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan; 430070, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan; 430070, China

Corresponding author: Wang, Lufeng(pipilu001@foxmail.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 51

Issue date: December 18, 2020

Publication year: 2020

Pages: 499-506

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Pomelo is an important fruit of citrus. The high fiber content of pomelo peel can be used as a good raw material to extract pomelo peel cellulose. Using pomelo peel cellulose (PP-C) as the raw material, the pomelo peel nano-microcrystalline cellulose (PP-NCC) was prepared by sulfuric acid hydrolysis method. The micromorphology, aspect ratio, infrared spectrum, crystallinity, and thermal stability of the PP-NCC were analyzed. The effect of PP-NCC on the rheological properties of carboxymethyl starch film-forming fluid was studied. It was found that the PP-NCC was a rod-shaped crystal with an aspect ratio of 8 to 20, and the proportion of aspect ratio greater than 10 was over 60%; the main substance of PP-NCC was cellulose; the crystallinity of PP-NCC was increased from 55.64% before acidolysis to 74.35%, and its initial thermal decomposition temperature was decreased from 240 to 212. PP-NCC could be used as the reinforcing agent of carboxymethyl starch film. According to the equation, the rheological index was less than 1, indicating that pomelo peel nano-microcrystalline cellulose/carboxymethyl starch film forming fluid was pseudoplastic fluid. G’ of the film forming liquid was greater than G”, and no crossover occurred between the two within the frequency scanning range, showing that the composite film forming liquid was of weak gel structure. The viscosity coefficient KPL in static rheological parameters, the zero shear viscosity and the energy storage modulus in dynamic rheological parameters were positively correlated with the addition of nanocrystalline cellulose, showing that the dispersibility of PP-NCC in the film-forming liquid was good, which was helpful to strengthen the interaction of the internal structure of the film-forming liquid. The nanofilm of pomelo peel fiber showed better functional properties and can be used as a significant direction for comprehensive utilization of pomelo peel. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 28

Main heading: Film preparation

Controlled terms: Aspect ratio? - ?Cellulose? - ?Cellulose derivatives? - ?Citrus fruits? - ?Composite films? - ?Composite structures? - ?Crystallinity? - ?Decomposition? - ?Energy storage? - ?Liquids ? - ?Microcrystals? - ?Nanocellulose? - ?Nanocrystalline materials? - ?Nanocrystals? - ?Starch? - ?Thermodynamic stability

Uncontrolled terms: Comprehensive utilizations? - ?Functional properties? - ?Micro-crystalline cellulose? - ?Nanocrystalline cellulose? - ?Rheological parameter? - ?Sulfuric acid hydrolysis? - ?Thermal decomposition temperature? - ?Viscosity coefficient

Classification code: 408.2 Structural Members and Shapes? - ?525.7 Energy Storage? - ?641.1 Thermodynamics? - ?802.2 Chemical Reactions? - ?804.1 Organic Compounds? - ?811.3 Cellulose, Lignin and Derivatives? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?933.1 Crystalline Solids

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 5.56e+01%, Percentage 7.43e+01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S2.062

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

50. Fabrication of Self-sharpening Blades via Vacuum-rolling Composite Technology and Its Interfacial Material Microstructure and Properties

Accession number: 20205209681255

Title of translation:

Authors: Song, Yuepeng (1, 2); Wu, Kun (1, 2); Wang, Wei (1, 3); Xu, Lingfeng (1, 2); Song, Zhanhua (1, 2); Li, Fade (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an; 271018, China; (2) Shandong Key Laboratory of Horticultural Machinery and Equipment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an; 271018, China; (3) Taian Institute of Supervision and Inspection on Product Quality, Tai’an; 271000, China

Corresponding author: Li, Fade(lifade@sdau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 51

Issue date: December 18, 2020

Publication year: 2020

Pages: 586-592

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Composite gradient plates with GCr15, Q420 and IF steel was fabricated by vacuum-rolling composite (VRC) technology and the forage harvester blades were prepared. Microstructure, chemical composition and hardness distribution, and shear strength in the interface of composite gradient plates were inspected. In order to compare the cutting performance between composite gradient material self-sharpening blades and commercial blades, the field experiment was carried out. The results indicated that a more disordered metallurgical bonding characteristics because of materials inter-biting characteristics at the interface of different plates (GCr15/Q420, Q420/IF) during rolling process was formed. With fewer microstructure defects, transition zone was formed due to the chemical compositions diffusion in the interface. The shear strength of the bonding interface exceeded the requirements of the national standard, which can meet the requirements of gradient material self-sharpening blades. The interface fracture mode was ductile fracture with good plasticity. There was a relatively gentle hardness gradient variation between different interfaces. The flank surface, point tip and cutting edge of self-sharpening blades were made up of GCr15 steel with higher hardness and wear resistance. Hardness gradient variation and uniform wearing for rake surface of self-sharpening blades were remarkably exhibited. In the operation process, self-sharpening blades improved the operation efficiency and service life. It can keep the tool tip in the prominent position and edge curvature radius slightly change, which can maintain sharpness property of blades and low-damage cutting of regeneration. Field experiment can obtain the results comparison of wear weight-loss rate and macroscopic morphology between the composite gradient material self-sharpening blades and commercial blades. The results showed that under the same operation conditions, compared with commercial blades, the gradient material self-sharpening blades had more excellent properties: slightly variation of arc radius, edge curvature radius, and abrasive resistance. The further field experiment results indicated that the wear resistance of the self-sharpening blades was more than three times of that of commercial blades. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 26

Main heading: Interfaces (materials)

Controlled terms: Chemical bonds? - ?Chromium alloys? - ?Chromium steel? - ?Cutting tools? - ?Ductile fracture? - ?Fabrication? - ?Hardness? - ?Microstructure? - ?Morphology? - ?Rolling ? - ?Wear of materials? - ?Wear resistance

Uncontrolled terms: Chemical compositions? - ?Composite technology? - ?Hardness distribution? - ?Macroscopic morphology? - ?Material microstructures? - ?Metallurgical bonding? - ?Microstructure defects? - ?Operation efficiencies

Classification code: 543.1 Chromium and Alloys? - ?603.2 Machine Tool Accessories? - ?801.4 Physical Chemistry? - ?931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids? - ?951 Materials Science

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S2.072

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

51. Design and Test of Optical Sensor for Meat Non-destructive Detection

Accession number: 20205209681249

Title of translation:

Authors: Guo, Qinghui (1, 2); Peng, Yankun (1, 2); Li, Yongyu (1, 2); Tian, Wenjian (1, 2); Qiao, Xin (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) National R&D Center for Agro-processing Equipment, Beijing; 100083, China

Corresponding author: Peng, Yankun(ypeng@cau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 51

Issue date: December 18, 2020

Publication year: 2020

Pages: 484-490

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In the spectral detection of livestock products quality and safe, the thickness difference between different samples leads to the difference in the distance between the meat surface and the optical fiber probe, which has a great influence on the prediction results. Aiming at this problem, an optical sensor for nondestructive detection of meat was designed, and the quality of pork (Longissimus dorsi muscle) was detected from the bottom to the top through the glass, which eliminated the influence of sample thickness on the detection distance, and the variation law of spectral curve with the change of detection distance was also analyzed. In order to explore the feasibility of the design scheme, a test platform was set up, including spectral acquisition unit, distance control unit, light source, glass, optical sensor and computer. The quartz glass can pass through the wavelength range of 220~2 500 nm without absorption. And optical sensors can help collect more diffuse light from the meat. Eighteen pork samples were stored at 4 and taken out at different refrigeration times for spectral collection (400~1 100 nm) with different detecting distances in the range of 8~22 mm at approximately 2 mm intervals. Finally, the TVB-N content of the samples were measured. After obtaining the spectral data of the samples, the methods such as first derivative, multiplicative scattering correction (MSC), standard normal variate (SNV) and first derivative plus SNV were used to pretreat the spectral data of the samples, and the partial least squares regression (PLSR) prediction model of the content of pork’s TVB-N was established. The results showed that when the detection distance was 16 mm, the prediction model of pork’s TVB-N using the 1st DER plus SNV preprocessing method had the best prediction effect. The correlation coefficient and RMS error of correction set were 0.98 and 0.92 mg/(100 g), respectively, and the correlation coefficient and RMS error of prediction set were 0.97 and 1.56 mg/(100 g), respectively. Therefore, it was feasible to detect pork freshness with the designed optical sensor. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 23

Main heading: Meats

Controlled terms: Agriculture? - ?Forecasting? - ?Least squares approximations? - ?Light control glass? - ?Light sources? - ?Optical fibers? - ?Optical sensors? - ?Predictive analytics

Uncontrolled terms: Correlation coefficient? - ?Multiplicative scattering corrections? - ?Nondestructive detection? - ?Optical fiber probe? - ?Partial least squares regressions (PLSR)? - ?Pre-processing method? - ?Spectral acquisition? - ?Standard normal variates

Classification code: 741 Light, Optics and Optical Devices? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control? - ?822.3 Food Products? - ?921.6 Numerical Methods

Numerical data indexing: Mass 1.00e-01kg, Size 1.60e-02m, Size 2.00e-03m, Size 2.20e-07m to 2.50e-06m, Size 4.00e-07m to 1.10e-06m, Size 8.00e-03m to 2.20e-02m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S2.060

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

52. Influencing Factors of Corn Implantation Distribution for High-height Planting Based on EDEM

Accession number: 20205209681513

Title of translation: EDEM

Authors: Yan, Bingxin (1); Wu, Guangwei (1); Fu, Weiqiang (1); Gao, Nana (1); Meng, Zhijun (1); Zhu, Peng (2)

Author affiliation: (1) Beijing Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture, Beijing; 100097, China; (2) Shandong Dahua Machinery Co., Ltd., Jining; 272000, China

Corresponding author: Meng, Zhijun(mengzj@nercita.org.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 51

Issue date: December 18, 2020

Publication year: 2020

Pages: 47-54

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Seed-meter is high-height installed by many precision planters. Seeds go through tube and get a high speed before implantation in those planters. Shift caused by a collision in high speed leads to bad uniformity of seed distance. To explore the law of seed implantation distribution based on high-height planting, an absolute arm with three-dimensional (3D) laser was used to scan the soil surface profile of seed furrow, a 3D digital model of seed furrow was constructed, contact parameters between seeds and soil were calibrated. Coefficient of rolling friction, coefficient of sliding friction and collision recovery coefficient were 0.22, 0.727 and 0.16, respectively. Compared with the real test results, the distance error between implanted seed and outlet of seed tube by simulation was 4.7%. Operating speed, spacing in the rows and seed throwing angle were taken into account. Longitudinal offset of seed implantation point and the first landing point were taken as the indexes. A single factor test and a 2×4 full factor test were carried out. Single-factor test results showed that spacing in the row had no significant effect on longitudinal offset (P>0.05), while seed throwing angle and operation speed had significant effect on the longitudinal offset of seeds (P ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 22

Main heading: Seed

Controlled terms: 3D modeling? - ?Friction? - ?Speed? - ?Testing

Uncontrolled terms: 3-d digital modeling? - ?Coefficient of rolling frictions? - ?Coefficient of sliding frictions? - ?Coefficient of variation? - ?Linear correlation? - ?Longitudinal velocity? - ?Recovery coefficients? - ?Threedimensional (3-d)

Classification code: 821.4 Agricultural Products

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 4.70e+00%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S2.006

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

53. Influence of Air Inlet Height and Angle on Air Age and CO2 Distribution in Pig House

Accession number: 20205209681912

Title of translation: CO2

Authors: Cao, Mengbing (1, 2); Yang, Ting (1, 2); Zong, Chao (1, 2); Teng, Guanghui (1, 2); Zhuang, Yanrong (1, 2); Zhou, Shengnan (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing; 100083, China

Corresponding author: Zong, Chao(chaozong@cau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 51

Issue date: December 18, 2020

Publication year: 2020

Pages: 427-434 and 441

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to study the influence of air inlet type on air age and CO2 of pig house, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) technology was used to simulate the wind speed, air age, CO2 and the convective heat transfer of pigs in an experimental pig house. The angle of the air inlet deflector of the original model (scheme A) was 50°, and the inlet height was 1.8 m. At the same time, totally six additional inlet conditions were selected to simulate and compare the pig house with the original pig house. Scheme B: the angle of the air inlet deflector was 90°, and the inlet height was 1.8 m; scheme C: the air inlet deflector angle was 120°, and the inlet height was 1.8 m; scheme D: the air inlet deflector angle was 150°, and the inlet height was 1.8 m; scheme E: the air inlet deflector angle was 50°, and the inlet height was 1.6 m; scheme F: the air inlet deflector angle was 50°, and the inlet height was 1.4 m; scheme G: the air inlet deflector angle was 50°, and the inlet height was 1.2 m. The results showed that the correlation R2 between the simulated and the measured wind speed value was 0.916 2, and the average relative error was 26.7%. This model can accurately predict the airflow pattern in the pig house. Through the comparison of the simulation results of different air inlet deflectors, the scheme C and scheme F can significantly reduce the average air age and average CO2 concentration of pigs in the house, and maintain the heat preservation effect of the pig house. Comparing various air intake schemes, it can be found that the CO2 concentration in the animal occupied zone (AOZ) was not only affected by the average air age in the zone around the pigs, but also by the uniformity of the air age distribution throughout the entire pig house. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 26

Main heading: Air intakes

Controlled terms: Air? - ?Carbon dioxide? - ?Computational fluid dynamics? - ?Heat convection? - ?Heating? - ?Houses? - ?Mammals? - ?Wind

Uncontrolled terms: Airflow patterns? - ?Animal-occupied zones? - ?Average relative error? - ?CO2 concentration? - ?Convective heat transfer? - ?Heat preservation? - ?Inlet conditions? - ?Original model

Classification code: 402.3 Residences? - ?443.1 Atmospheric Properties? - ?631.1 Fluid Flow, General? - ?641.2 Heat Transfer? - ?723.5 Computer Applications? - ?804 Chemical Products Generally? - ?804.2 Inorganic Compounds

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 2.67e+01%, Size 1.20e+00m, Size 1.80e+00m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S2.052

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

54. Design and Experiment on Vertical Ram Compression Molding Machine

Accession number: 20205209681629

Title of translation:

Authors: Cai, Hongzhen (1, 2); Liu, Jianbiao (1, 2); Cheng, Weidong (1); Yi, Weiming (1, 2); Jiang, Xuya (1, 2); Gao, Feng (3)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo; 255049, China; (2) Shandong Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Clean Energy, Zibo; 255049, China; (3) Zibo Energy Research Institute, Zibo; 255049, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 51

Issue date: December 18, 2020

Publication year: 2020

Pages: 435-441

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Biomass briquette is one of the most common energy fuels in some countries. It is essential to achieve the high-quality biomass briquette, since the quality has a direct influence on the efficiency of utilization. For the purpose to improve biomass pellet quality, a method of ram compression molding machine on the basis of the numerical control pressure device was conducted. The machine adopted a switched reluctance motor which had high starting torque and can stop/start frequent as a power source. It drived the flywheel by belt drive, then converted the rotary motion of flywheel into the up and down reciprocating motion of the plunger through the screw mechanism. The machine also took the property that flywheel can accumulate energy. The die consisted of three parts, with a structure of “straight-cone-straight”. Any part with different size parameters can be replaced, which can suit for different biomass raw materials. Meanwhile, the lower end of the plunger always reciprocated in the die below the lower edge of the discharge port of the screw feeding device. At the moment, due to the discharge port was blocked, the biomass raw material was pre-compressed by the continuously screwing helical blade, which improved the subsequent molding efficiency. While working, the plunger would accelerate downwards based on the energy accumulated during the upward and the gravitational potential energy of the slider. Then, the biomass raw materials were compacted and squeezed out. Experiments were carried out with typical biomass raw materials, including corn stalks and sawdust. The results indicated that the molding method had a well feasibility. The briquette was 60 mm in diameter and different lengths. All the density of the briquettes was 1.2 g/cm3 approximately, the drop resistance index was higher than 95%, and the power consumption was 36.51 kW?h/t. All indicators met the requirements of the relevant standards. The proposal of the forming machine can provide reference for the development of biomass densification technology. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 31

Main heading: Compression molding

Controlled terms: Belt drives? - ?Biomass? - ?Briquets? - ?Flywheels? - ?Numerical methods? - ?Potential energy? - ?Reluctance motors? - ?Screws? - ?Starters? - ?Wheels

Uncontrolled terms: Biomass briquettes? - ?Biomass densification? - ?Gravitational potential energy? - ?High starting torque? - ?Numerical control? - ?Reciprocating motion? - ?Resistance index? - ?Switched Reluctance Motor

Classification code: 524 Solid Fuels? - ?601.1 Mechanical Devices? - ?601.2 Machine Components? - ?602.1 Mechanical Drives? - ?605 Small Tools and Hardware? - ?705.3.1 AC Motors? - ?921.6 Numerical Methods

Numerical data indexing: Mass_Density 1.20e+03kg/m3, Percentage 9.50e+01%, Size 6.00e-02m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S2.053

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

55. Obstacle Avoidance Planning of Virtual Robot Picking Path Based on Deep Reinforcement Learning

Accession number: 20205209681914

Title of translation:

Authors: Xiong, Juntao (1); Li, Zhonghang (1); Chen, Shumian (1); Zheng, Zhenhui (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Mathematics and Informatics, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou; 510642, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 51

Issue date: December 18, 2020

Publication year: 2020

Pages: 1-10

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In the field environment, picking robots are faced with the problems of a large number of picking tasks, randomness and uncertainty in the positions of targets and obstacles, and so on. Traditional picking path planning methods usually use kinematics equations combined with the shortest path algorithm to solve them, while takes a lot of time to calculate in each planning. In order to improve the efficiency of trajectory planning to adapt to the field picking environment, a virtual robot picking path planning method based on deep reinforcement learning was proposed. Firstly, the virtual robot random action strategies were set according to the real robot physical structure, and the environment observation set was rationally set as the input of the network by analyzing the actual picking behavior. Establishing reward function with the reference to the idea of target attraction and obstacle rejection in artificial potential field method, which was used to evaluate the behavior of virtual robots and improve the success rate of obstacle avoidance. Aiming at the problem that the range repulsion of the artificial potential field method affected the shortest path planning, a directional penalty obstacle avoidance function setting method was proposed, which converted the obstacle range penalty into a single direction penalty. Besides, by establishing a virtual robot motion collision model, the direction penalties were giving selectively by analysis results of the model. Finally, a simulation environment in Unity was built, and the distributed proximal policy optimization algorithm was used to train the virtual robot. The simulation experiment results showed that the success rate of the virtual robot in completing the picking task was over 96.7% under the condition of obstacles in different positions. In 200 random picking experiments, the directional penalty obstacle avoidance function method had a picking success rate of 97.5%, which was 11 percentage points higher than the ordinary reward function method, and the picking trajectory planning took an average of 0.64 s/time, which was 0.45 s/time shorter than the artificial potential field method. The research results showed that the system can efficiently guide virtual robots to quickly reach random picking points under the premise of avoiding obstacles, and met the requirements of picking tasks, which provided theoretical and technical support for real robot picking path planning. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 21

Main heading: Robot programming

Controlled terms: Deep learning? - ?E-learning? - ?Graph theory? - ?Reinforcement learning? - ?Robots

Uncontrolled terms: Artificial potential field method? - ?Kinematics equation? - ?Path planning method? - ?Policy optimization? - ?Shortest path algorithms? - ?Shortest path planning? - ?Simulation environment? - ?Trajectory Planning

Classification code: 723.4 Artificial Intelligence? - ?731.5 Robotics? - ?921.4 Combinatorial Mathematics, Includes Graph Theory, Set Theory

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 9.67e+01%, Percentage 9.75e+01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S2.001

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

56. Target Muscle Region Recognition in Ovine Hind Leg Segmentation Based on R2U-Net and Atrous Convolution Algorithm

Accession number: 20205209681836

Title of translation: R2U-Net

Authors: Liu, Kaidong (1, 2); Xie, Bin (1, 2); Zhai, Zhiqiang (1, 2); Wen, Changkai (1, 2); Hou, Songtao (1, 2); Li, Jun (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Beijing Key Laboratory of Optimized Design for Modern Agricultural Equipment, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China

Corresponding author: Xie, Bin(xiebincau@126.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 51

Issue date: December 18, 2020

Publication year: 2020

Pages: 507-514

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Research on ovine meats intelligent segmentation remains limited because of the low recognition accuracy of target muscle region image caused by pre-processing process. A method of target muscle region recognition in ovine hind leg intelligent segmentation based on R2U-Net and dense atrous convolution algorithm was presented. The traditional U-Net semantic segmentation network was taken as the backbone network and improved. The convolution blocks in the feature encoder and decoder of the original U-Net were replaced with the residual recurrent convolution blocks to avoid the gradient loss of the U-Net and a four branch dense atrous convolutional module was added between the feature encoder and the feature decoder to code multi-scale semantic features. On the one hand, aiming at the sartorius muscle region, the ovine hind leg images were collected to build a dataset and the model was trained and tested using the dataset to validate the accuracy and real-time performance of this method; on the other hand, the homogeneous transformation matrix of gripper coordinate system, camera point clouds coordinate system and robot coordinate system was calibrated based on screw theory to calculate the segmentation path, and the robot cutting manipulation was controlled by an active compliant force/position hybrid control method, which validated the feasibility of target muscle segmentation based on the target image obtained by this method. The experimental results showed that when the intersection over union (IOU) was 0.858 8, the average precision (AP) of the proposed method was 0.982 0, which was better than that of R2U-Net (0.832 4, 0.977 5); the average time of single sample detection was 82 ms, which showed that this method can segment the sartorius image quickly and accurately, which met the real-time requirements of robot autonomous segmentation system, and it was better than U-Net, R2U-Net and AttU-Net algorithms. Finally, based on the image of sartorius muscle obtained by this method, the real robot segmentation experiment was carried out. The average time of robot cutting on five sheep hind legs was 7.9 s, the average offset distance was 4.36 mm and the maximum offset distance was not more than 5.90 mm, which met the accuracy requirements of sheep hind leg boneless segmentation. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 25

Main heading: Image segmentation

Controlled terms: Convolution? - ?Decoding? - ?Linear transformations? - ?Muscle? - ?Recurrent neural networks? - ?Robots? - ?Semantics? - ?Signal encoding

Uncontrolled terms: Convolution algorithm? - ?Homogeneous transformation matrix? - ?Intelligent segmentation? - ?Real time performance? - ?Real time requirement? - ?Recognition accuracy? - ?Robot coordinate system? - ?Semantic segmentation

Classification code: 461.2 Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering? - ?716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing? - ?723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing? - ?731.5 Robotics? - ?921.3 Mathematical Transformations

Numerical data indexing: Size 4.36e-03m, Size 5.90e-03m, Time 7.90e+00s, Time 8.20e-02s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S2.063

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

57. Piezoelectric Vibration Seed Supply Device of Precision Metering Device for Plug Seedling of Super Hybrid Rice

Accession number: 20205209681486

Title of translation:

Authors: Yuan, Hao (1); Liu, Cailing (1); Song, Jiannong (1); Du, Xin (1); Jiang, Meng (1); Li, Weihao (1)

Author affiliation: (1) Key Laboratory of Soil-Machine-Plant System Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China

Corresponding author: Liu, Cailing(cailingliu@cau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 51

Issue date: December 18, 2020

Publication year: 2020

Pages: 31-40

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to improve the seeding performance of the seed metering device with low seeding rate for plug seedling raising of super hybrid rice, a piezoelectric vibration seed supply device was designed, and a new type of guide vibrating plate with uniform, orderly and single row feeding under the condition of small seed supply was proposed. The working principle of the piezoelectric vibration seed supply device was described, the dynamic model of the vibration device was constructed, the motion mechanism of rice seed on the vibrating plate was analyzed, and its main working parameters were determined. Taking amplitude and depth of seed box as experimental factors, the simulation test, regression and response surface analysis were carried out. The mathematical models of amplitude, depth of seed box and feeding rate, coefficient of variation of seed supply rate and single column rate were established. The results showed that amplitude had a significant effect on seed supply rate, and seed box depth had an extremely significant effect on single row rate. Under the productivity of 600~1 000 plates/h, the mathematical models of amplitude, box depth and single row rate were established. The optimum depth of seed storage box was 9 mm, and the amplitude range was 0.4~0.6 mm. The results of vibration seed supply performance and seed metering performance prototype test showed that when the power supply voltage was 120~140 V, the seed supply rate was 6.1~13.4 seeds/s, the variation coefficient of seed supply rate was 10%~14%, the single row rate was 77.5%~84.6%, and the error between the regression model and the regression model was less than 6%, 9% and 4%, respectively, and the variation coefficient of seed supply rate between columns was less than 4%. The results of prototype test showed that the qualified rate of 1~2 seeds/hole of Tianyou 998 and Shuyou 217 was 95.54% and 94.88%, and the missing sowing rate was 2.47% and 2.96% when the productivity was 600 plates/h, which met the design requirements of low sowing rate and precision sowing of super hybrid rice. The research provided reference for the design of factory precision seeder for plug seedling raising. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 26

Main heading: Vibration analysis

Controlled terms: Piezoelectricity? - ?Productivity? - ?Regression analysis? - ?Surface analysis

Uncontrolled terms: Coefficient of variation? - ?Experimental factors? - ?Piezoelectric vibration? - ?Power supply voltage? - ?Response surface analysis? - ?Seed metering devices? - ?Seeding performance? - ?Variation coefficient

Classification code: 701.1 Electricity: Basic Concepts and Phenomena? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics? - ?951 Materials Science

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 2.47e+00%, Percentage 2.96e+00%, Percentage 4.00e+00%, Percentage 6.00e+00%, Percentage 9.00e+00%, Percentage 9.49e+01%, Percentage 9.55e+01%, Size 4.00e-04m to 6.00e-04m, Size 9.00e-03m, Voltage 1.20e+02V to 1.40e+02V

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S2.004

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

58. Evaluation of Chicken Tenderness Based on Controlled Air-flow Laser Detection Technique

Accession number: 20205209681964

Title of translation: -

Authors: Xu, Hubo (1); Zhao, Qingliang (2); He, Ke (1); Li, Yongyu (1); Peng, Yankun (1); Tang, Xiuying (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Sciences, Beijing; 100083, China

Corresponding author: Tang, Xiuying(txying@cau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 51

Issue date: December 18, 2020

Publication year: 2020

Pages: 457-465

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: The air flow laser fusion technique has the characteristics of non-contact and non-destructive. A controlled air flow laser detection (CAFLD) method was proposed, which was based on the high-precision detection of micro deformation by laser, flexible on-off control and non-contact of the air flow. Five components were included in the air flow laser detection platform: laser ranging system, air force generation system, lifting testing bed system, force sensing system, and control and information processing system. The feasibility of chicken breast tenderness detection by using the CAFLD technique was explored. Three modes: transient (dynamic), creep-recovery (static) and stress relaxation (static) were adopted. The support vector machine and global variable partial least square algorithm were used to qualitatively identify and quantitatively predict the tenderness of chicken breast. The results demonstrated that the three modes combined with different preprocessing algorithms could carry out the qualitative discrimination of chicken tenderness, in which the transient mode had the best classification effect compared with the static modes. S-G convolution smoothing algorithm showed the best preprocessing performance. The classification accuracy (tender or hard) of the calibration set was 1 and 0.98, respectively, the Matthews correlation coefficient was 0.97; the classification accuracy (tender or hard) of the verification set was up to 0.95 and 0.84. For quantitative prediction of chicken tenderness, the S-G convolution smoothing algorithm was the optimum on improvement of the signal-to-noise ratio. The transient had the best prediction effect, the correlation coefficients of calibration set and validation set were 0.948 and 0.913, respectively, the root mean square error was 0.736 N and 1.013 N, respectively. Because tenderness was the quality of meat which was shown by the difference muscle fiber structure. it can be inferred that the dynamic mode was more suitable than the static mode in predicting the quality caused by tissue structure. The application of CAFLD technique in meat quality multi-modal evaluation was researched. It would provide a new solution method in meat detection field, and also had important reference significance for broadening the application field of the CAFLD technique. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 23

Main heading: Quality control

Controlled terms: Air? - ?Animals? - ?Calibration? - ?Convolution? - ?Forecasting? - ?Mean square error? - ?Meats? - ?Signal to noise ratio? - ?Stress relaxation? - ?Support vector machines

Uncontrolled terms: Classification accuracy? - ?Correlation coefficient? - ?High precision detections? - ?Information processing systems? - ?Partial least square algorithms? - ?Pre-processing algorithms? - ?Quantitative prediction? - ?Root mean square errors

Classification code: 716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing? - ?723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications? - ?804 Chemical Products Generally? - ?822.3 Food Products? - ?913.3 Quality Assurance and Control? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics? - ?931 Classical Physics; Quantum Theory; Relativity

Numerical data indexing: Force 1.01e+00N, Force 7.36e-01N

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S2.056

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

59. Design and Experiment of Air Volume Control System of Orchard Multi-pipe Air Sprayer

Accession number: 20205209681604

Title of translation:

Authors: Jiang, Honghua (1); Niu, Chengqiang (2); Liu, Limin (3); Wang, Dongwei (4); Wang, Jiasheng (4); Mao, Wenhua (5)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an; 271018, China; (2) College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an; 271018, China; (3) College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100193, China; (4) College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao; 266109, China; (5) Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Sciences, Beijing; 100083, China

Corresponding author: Mao, Wenhua(mwh-924@163.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 51

Issue date: December 18, 2020

Publication year: 2020

Pages: 298-307

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: At present, most domestic air-assisted sprayers of orchard adjust air volume by controlling fan speed or air outlet sectional area, not real-time regulation air volume according to characteristics of fruit trees. Orchard spraying has problems of pesticide waste and insufficient spraying. In order to solve above problems, a single fan multi - duct bypass-air conditioning technology was proposed. It can realize air-volume adjusted by controlling disc valve opening degree at the air outlet. In order to achieve accurate and rapid regulation of air volume, two kinds of variable air volume technologies of throttling and bypassing were designed and compared. The test results showed that the linear relationship between wind speed and butterfly valve opening of bypassing adjusting air was more obvious, which was more conducive to the control of air volume and wind speed. Bypassing air volume adjust technology was selected. Fan-shaped air outlets of corresponding number were set based on number of canopy layers of fruit trees. Butterfly valve opening model based on divided canopy characteristics was analyzed and constructed, and opening of each outlet butterfly valve can be calculated according to this model. It can control butterfly valve opening combined with PID variable control technology and achieve the air volume control of each outlet for variable spray. Three spray mode among conventional air spray mode and automatic target air spray mode and variable air volume variable spray volume spray mode were selected to verify testing. The spray performance test of three operation modes was carried out based on droplet deposition and drift loss of pesticides. Test results showed that drift and ground loss of pesticides were the largest in conventional air spray mode among three spray modes. The amount of deposition on surface of canopy in variable air volume spray mode was increased by 17.3% compared with automatic target air delivery spray mode and the coefficient of variation was reduced by 10.29 percentage points. The amount of ground deposition under the canopy was decreased by 26.1%, and reduced by 40.7% between canopies. And the amount of drift was reduced by 69.9% and 50.9% compared with that of the other two spray modes. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 23

Main heading: Orchards

Controlled terms: Air conditioning? - ?Deposition? - ?Forestry? - ?Fruits? - ?Pesticides? - ?Wind

Uncontrolled terms: Air conditioning technologies? - ?Air-assisted sprayer? - ?Canopy characteristics? - ?Coefficient of variation? - ?Droplet deposition? - ?Linear relationships? - ?Spray performance? - ?Variable air volume

Classification code: 443.1 Atmospheric Properties? - ?643.3 Air Conditioning? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations? - ?803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.73e+01%, Percentage 2.61e+01%, Percentage 4.07e+01%, Percentage 5.09e+01%, Percentage 6.99e+01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S2.035

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

60. Improvement Design of 4MB-6 Row-controlled Shoveling and Drawing Placement Machine for Cotton-stalks in Close Planting

Accession number: 20205209681253

Title of translation: 4MB-6

Authors: He, Xiaowei (1, 2); Liu, Jinxiu (2, 3); Xu, Yang (1); Wang, Long (1, 2); Gao, Xiaojun (1); Wang, Xufeng (2, 3)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Tarim University, Alar; 843300, China; (3) The Key Laboratory of Colleges and Universities under the Department of Education of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Alar; 843300, China

Corresponding author: Xu, Yang(xuyang@cau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 51

Issue date: December 18, 2020

Publication year: 2020

Pages: 21-30

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Aiming at the existing problems in the field test of the primary 4MB-6 row-controlled shoveling and drawing placement machine for cotton-stalks in close planting, such as severe soil hilling in the drag reduction device, cotton-stalks accumulation in the row-controlled shoveling device, discontinuous operation and poor effectiveness of drawing-placing roller and so on, the primary machine were improved. In order to further improve the performance of machine, the working mechanism of main working parts should be analyzed. Adopting the technique of discharging furrow slice in-situ and interval operation and when shoveling depth of the row-controlled shoveling device was about 11.5 cm, the virtual and actual operation ratio of shoveling at bottom and surface was 1:2.42 and 1:0.59 respectively that was a continuous decreasing trend from the ground to the bottom, which was helpful to reduce operating power consumption of the machine. Under extrusion and shearing of shoveling plate and side panel with blade of trapezoid frame, the soil around soil-root composite were damaged by shearing and bending and soil-root composite were also damaged and uplifted in-situ in upper soil during the process of shoveling, and the row-controlled shoveling device had little disturbance to the rest of the soil. The principle of reverse pushing and drawing was adopted when designing the pushing-drawing roller with tooth type. As the diameter of the main part of the cotton-stalks was gradually increased from top to bottom, it was helpful to introduce the cotton-stalks into V-shaped cutter and clamp the cotton-stalks effectively. In addition, because the cotton-stalks that would be pulled up was shoveled and lifted, and working depth of the pushing-drawing roller (0~10 mm) was small, which both were helpful to further reduce the power consumption of whole machine. The results of field test showed that the improved machine had stable operation performance compared with the primary one. The row-controlled shoveling device could work smoothly and achieve the goal of row-controlled shoveling and uplifting in-situ cotton-stalks. The pushing-drawing roller with tooth type could clamp the cotton-stalks effectively and separate the soil from soil-root composite when throwing cotton-stalks tangentially, and it could also spread cotton-stalks in the field. The pulling rate of the improved machine was 90.87%~91.42%, which could meet the design requirements of shoveling and drawing cotton-stalks (the pulling rate should be greater than or equal to 90%). It was a suitable equipment for mechanized harvesting of the cotton-stalks in Xinjiang cotton area. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 37

Main heading: Cotton

Controlled terms: Electric power utilization? - ?Rollers (machine components)? - ?Shearing? - ?Soils? - ?Superconducting materials

Uncontrolled terms: Actual operation? - ?Discontinuous operation? - ?Existing problems? - ?Mechanized harvesting? - ?Placement machine? - ?Stable operation? - ?Whole machine? - ?Working mechanisms

Classification code: 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?601.2 Machine Components? - ?604.1 Metal Cutting? - ?706.1 Electric Power Systems? - ?708.3 Superconducting Materials? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 9.00e+01%, Size 0.00e+00m to 1.00e-02m, Size 1.15e-01m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S2.003

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

61. Construction of Intelligent Design Platform for Threshing Device of Combine Harvester for Rice and Wheat

Accession number: 20205209681494

Title of translation:

Authors: Li, Wenbin (1); Li, Qinglin (1); Huang, Yunlin (1); Song, Yuying (1); Yue, Yingchao (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang; 212013, China

Corresponding author: Li, Qinglin(lql@ujs.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 51

Issue date: December 18, 2020

Publication year: 2020

Pages: 154-161

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to improve the design efficiency of the threshing device, an intelligent design platform for the threshing device of a rice and wheat combine harvester was constructed. Firstly, the structural characteristics and design knowledge of key parts of threshing device were analyzed. The methods and technologies of collecting, classifying, sorting and expressing design knowledge were studied. The design knowledge of key parts of threshing device was collected, and the design knowledge of key parts of threshing device was expressed by production and framework knowledge representation. The method and technology of using SQL Server 2012 relational database to store the design knowledge of threshing device were discussed, the design knowledge base was constructed, and Visual Studio 2012 was used as the development tool to realize the functions of knowledge query, addition and deletion by using ADO.NET technology, and the knowledge base management system of combine threshing device was established. Secondly, according to the different structural characteristics of the key parts of threshing device, different parametric modeling methods were studied, Visual Studio 2012 was used as programming software combined with C++ and KF (knowledge fusion) two development languages to secondary development NX software, through extracting the relevant parameters in the design process of threshing device parts, the parametric model library of threshing device was established in NX software. Thirdly, according to the design process of threshing device and the design requirements of parts, the reasoning process of intelligent design of threshing device of rice and wheat combine harvester was studied by using case-based and rule-based forward deductive reasoning method. Based on the analysis of threshing device performance evaluation standards and influence factors, the intelligent design reasoning engine of rice-wheat combine threshing device was constructed. Finally, using Visual Studio 2012 as the development platform, combining with SQL Server 2012 database and NX three-dimensional software and other tools, integrating knowledge base, reasoning engine, parametric model base and human-computer interaction interface, the intelligent design platform for threshing device of rice wheat combine was constructed. The intelligent design of threshing device was realized, the utilization rate of design knowledge was improved, the design cycle was shortened, the design cost was reduced, the product quality was improved, and the total agricultural machinery design level in China was improved. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 25

Main heading: Combines

Controlled terms: Agricultural robots? - ?Agriculture? - ?C++ (programming language)? - ?Case based reasoning? - ?Computer software? - ?Engines? - ?Harvesters? - ?Human computer interaction? - ?Knowledge acquisition? - ?Knowledge based systems ? - ?Knowledge representation? - ?Machine design? - ?Modeling languages? - ?Product design? - ?Query processing? - ?Studios? - ?Visual languages

Uncontrolled terms: Development platform? - ?Evaluation standard? - ?Human computer interaction interface? - ?Knowledge Base Management System? - ?Programming software? - ?Secondary development? - ?Structural characteristics? - ?Wheat combine harvesters

Classification code: 601 Mechanical Design? - ?723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control? - ?821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment? - ?913.1 Production Engineering

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S2.019

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

62. Evaluation of Seat Comfort in Tractor Cab Based on Bone Joint Recognition

Accession number: 20205209681921

Title of translation:

Authors: Zhang, Kaixing (1); Zhang, Lan (1); Yang, Gang (1); Zhao, Xiuyan (2); Liu, Xianxi (1, 3); Li, Jiaojiao (4)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an; 271018, China; (2) College of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an; 271018, China; (3) Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment Intelligence, Tai’an; 271018, China; (4) Shanxi Institute of Metrology Science, Xi’an; 710065, China

Corresponding author: Zhao, Xiuyan(zhaoxy@sdau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 51

Issue date: December 18, 2020

Publication year: 2020

Pages: 521-529 and 543

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to optimize the design of tractor cab seat, reduce the workload of the driver, improve work efficiency, and solve the problem of insufficient technical basic research on the comfort of cab seat of Chinese tractors, evaluation method for seat comfort of tractor cab based on bone joint recognition was proposed. Firstly, based on the analysis of factors affecting the comfort of tractor seat, the human sitting joint angle was selected as the research factor. The consumer-grade depth camera Kinect v2 was used to conduct eight driving motion capture experiments on two tractors equipped with different seats. The joint angle information with an accuracy of 0.01° under different driving actions was obtained; then, the joint angle data was imported into the human body modeling simulation analysis software Jack to obtain the human body model, and the joint torque simulation and lower back force were carried out according to different driving actions simulation and analysis to obtain the results of human comfort; finally, based on the analytic hierarchy process, a hierarchical model of the tractor seat comfort evaluation index was constructed, the weight of each index was determined and the consistency test was performed, and the original data of all the indicators involved were processed and calculated to obtain the comprehensive evaluation result of seat comfort. The simulation results showed that compared with tractors with ordinary seats, when working on tractors equipped with ergonomic seats, the ability of digital humans to complete actions was increased by 10 percentage points, and there was no joint discomfort. The pressure can be effectively reduced by 80 N in the driving posture and 370 N in the twisting posture, and the lateral shear on the waist was also reduced, proving that the digital human was more comfortable on this tractor seat. By analyzing the seat comfort evaluation matrix, it can be obtained that the seat comfort designed according to ergonomics was better than ordinary seats. The evaluation results based on the bone joint recognition method were consistent with the results analyzed based on the analytic hierarchy process, which proved the feasibility and effectiveness of the tractor cab seat comfort evaluation method based on bone joint recognition. This evaluation method can provide certain reference basis and guiding countermeasures for the ergonomics research of tractor cab seat and the accurate and efficient optimization of tractor seat design. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 23

Main heading: Seats

Controlled terms: Analytic hierarchy process? - ?Automobile testing? - ?Ergonomics? - ?Hierarchical systems? - ?Software testing? - ?Tractors (agricultural)? - ?Tractors (truck)

Uncontrolled terms: Comfort evaluation? - ?Comprehensive evaluation? - ?Ergonomics research? - ?Evaluation results? - ?Hierarchical model? - ?Human body modeling? - ?Recognition methods? - ?Simulation and analysis

Classification code: 662 Automobiles and Smaller Vehicles? - ?663.1 Heavy Duty Motor Vehicles? - ?723.5 Computer Applications? - ?961 Systems Science

Numerical data indexing: Force 3.70e+02N, Force 8.00e+01N

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S2.065

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

63. Design and Experiment of Automatic Control System for Corn Header Height

Accession number: 20205209681477

Title of translation:

Authors: Geng, Aijun (1, 2); Zhang, Meng (1); Zhang, Ji (1, 3); Zhang, Zhilong (1, 2); Gao, Ang (1); Zheng, Jinlong (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an; 271018, China; (2) Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Machineries and Equipments, Tai’an; 271018, China; (3) Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment Intelligence, Tai’an; 271018, China

Corresponding author: Zhang, Zhilong(sdauzzl@163.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 51

Issue date: December 18, 2020

Publication year: 2020

Pages: 118-125

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Aiming at the problems that current domestic corn headers continued to be mechanically adjusted and the adjustment was inconvenient, an automatic control system for corn header height was designed. The automatic control system included a floating compression profiling mechanism, STM32 control unit, display screen, key switch, solenoid valve drive module, etc. Floating compression profiling mechanism was composed of angle sensor, profiling plate, torsion spring, fixed shaft, etc. The profiling plate and angle sensor were designed and selected, and the analysis on working process and force of the profiling plate were carried out. ADAMS software was utilized to obtain the vertical height change of the profiling plate under different torque conditions of the torsion spring, and the torsion spring was designed according to the simulation results to achieve better adhesion to the ground. The automatic adjustment parameter model of the header height was established, and PID control algorithm was used to realize the automatic adjustment of the header height. The simulation model was built in Matlab/Simulink software and the system simulation was performed. After tune calculation optimization, when Kp was 1.2, Ki was 0.68 and Kd was 0.9, PID controller could meet the design requirements of the automatic control system of the header height. In automatic profiling mode, the control system detected the height of the header from the ground through the profiling mechanism, and the header cylinder automatically adjusted the height of the header from the ground after processing by the STM32 control unit. In manual mode, STM32 control unit recognized the key signal and controlled the lifting of the header according to different key signals. After completing the design of the automatic control system for the header height, the control system was installed on the 4YZP4HQ corn harvester, and functional tests were carried out. In the manual mode, the adjustment time was taken as the system response index, and a stopwatch was used to record the time required for the header to move from the start to the specified position, and the results showed that the average response speed during adjustment was 0.42 m/s. In automatic profiling mode, the control system automatically adjusted the header height from the ground, the height of the header was measured randomly when the harvester stopped every 20~30 m, and the result showed that the error between the actual height of the header and the set height was within 20 mm. The average speed of the header in manual mode and the actual height in automatic control mode met the needs of the corn harvester header control. The research result could provide reference for the intelligent research of corn harvester. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 26

Main heading: Automation

Controlled terms: Harvesters? - ?MATLAB? - ?Process control? - ?Solenoid valves? - ?Three term control systems? - ?Torsional stress

Uncontrolled terms: Automatic adjustment? - ?Calculation optimization? - ?Matlab/Simulink software? - ?PID controllers? - ?Research results? - ?Simulation model? - ?System response? - ?System simulations

Classification code: 619 Pipes, Tanks and Accessories; Plant Engineering Generally? - ?731 Automatic Control Principles and Applications? - ?731.1 Control Systems? - ?821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment? - ?921 Mathematics

Numerical data indexing: Size 2.00e+01m to 3.00e+01m, Size 2.00e-02m, Velocity 4.20e-01m/s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S2.014

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

64. Effect of Urea on Measurement Accuracy of Soil Moisture Sensor

Accession number: 20205209681307

Title of translation:

Authors: Shi, Yujiao (1); Yin, Zheng (1); Wang, Hongye (2); Liu, Xiaochen (1); Shi, Qinglan (1, 3); Mei, Shuli (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Center of Cultivated Land Quality Monitoring and Protection, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing; 100125, China; (3) National Innovation Center for Digital Fishery, Beijing; 100083, China

Corresponding author: Shi, Qinglan(shiql@cau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 51

Issue date: December 18, 2020

Publication year: 2020

Pages: 388-394 and 407

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: The accurate measurement of soil moisture is of great significance to the fields of water-saving irrigation, moisture monitoring, water and fertilizer integration, and the soil nitrogen content will affect the measurement of the moisture sensor. In order to eliminate this effect, a monitoring experiment of different urea on soil samples with different moisture contents was designed, a high-sensitivity moisture sensor was used to monitor the output voltage value under the interference of urea, and the moisture content of the soil sample was monitored by weighing method, the capacitance and resistance of the soil sample was monitored by LCR bridge tester. Totally 800 sets of sample data were obtained, of which 75% were used as the training set and 25% were used as the validation set. In order to study the mechanism of the influence of nitrogen content on moisture measurement, three predictive models, including a three-element cubic polynomial model, a BP neural network model, and a deep learning model, were established based on experimental data, and error analysis was performed on the prediction results. The analysis showed that the highest errors of the three models were 2.86%, 2.07% and 3.82%, and the errors were concentrated in the range of 0 to 2%, accounting for 89%, 98% and 90%, respectively. The following conclusions were obtained: different urea contents had different influences on the predicted value, which was roughly in a periodic oscillation relationship. When the soil moisture content was lower, the interference of urea content on voltage was greater, and the same was true for impedance, but capacitive reactance was only sensitive to soil moisture, but not to changes in urea. Therefore, the interference of urea on soil moisture measurement was mainly caused by interference with soil resistance. The average absolute errors of the three-dimensional cubic polynomial, BP neural network, and deep learning models were 0.77%, 0.64% and 0.75%, respectively, and BP neural network model was the most stable, with the most prediction results concentrated in the low error range. No matter how the urea content changed, the BP neural network prediction value curve can always track the actual mass moisture content curve very well. BP neural network model was superior to other network models in terms of prediction accuracy and stability. Therefore, BP neural network moisture prediction model was established as the best anti-urea interference model. The interference of nitrogen content on moisture measurement was eliminated by increasing the data dimension and the prediction model was established, and the prediction accuracy was improved. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 21

Main heading: Neural networks

Controlled terms: Backpropagation? - ?Capacitance? - ?Deep learning? - ?Errors? - ?Forecasting? - ?Learning systems? - ?Metabolism? - ?Moisture control? - ?Moisture determination? - ?Moisture meters ? - ?Nitrogen fertilizers? - ?Predictive analytics? - ?Soil moisture? - ?Soil surveys? - ?Urea? - ?Water conservation

Uncontrolled terms: Average absolute error? - ?BP neural network model? - ?Different moisture contents? - ?Interference modeling? - ?Moisture content curves? - ?Soil moisture measurement? - ?Soil moisture sensors? - ?Water-saving irrigation

Classification code: 444 Water Resources? - ?483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?701.1 Electricity: Basic Concepts and Phenomena? - ?723.4 Artificial Intelligence? - ?804 Chemical Products Generally? - ?804.1 Organic Compounds? - ?944.1 Moisture Measuring Instruments? - ?944.2 Moisture Measurements

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 0.00e+00% to 2.00e+00%, Percentage 2.07e+00%, Percentage 2.50e+01%, Percentage 2.86e+00%, Percentage 3.82e+00%, Percentage 6.40e-01%, Percentage 7.50e+01%, Percentage 7.50e-01%, Percentage 7.70e-01%, Percentage 8.90e+01%, Percentage 9.00e+01%, Percentage 9.80e+01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S2.046

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

65. Parameters Analysis and Experiment of Cyclone Separation Cleaning System with Replaceable Parts for Rapeseed Combine Harvester

Accession number: 20205209681031

Title of translation:

Authors: Wan, Xingyu (1); Liao, Yitao (1, 2); Yuan, Jiacheng (1); Wang, Chang (1); He, Kun (1); Liao, Qingxi (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan; 430070, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment in Mid-lower Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan; 430070, China

Corresponding author: Liao, Qingxi(liaoqx@mail.hzau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 51

Issue date: December 18, 2020

Publication year: 2020

Pages: 202-211

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In view of the complicated structure and large vibration of the screen combined cleaning device which utilized fan and sieve in the traditional rapeseed combine harvester, the cyclone separation cleaning system with replaceable parts was designed. The system was mainly composed of the blower, the cyclone separator with replaceable parts, pipe, centrifugal fan, etc. Moreover, all parts of the cyclone separator like the upper cone, cylinder part, lower cone, and arc/cone baffle inside were replaceable. Base on the amount of threshing outputs produced by the threshing and separating device of the harvester, the theoretical rotational speed of the blower was calculated, which was not less than 569.6 r/min. To meet the minimum air volume requirement for separating the materials other than grain (MOG), it was concluded that the rapeseed outlet diameter of the cyclone separator should be less than 256 mm. Based on kinematics and dynamics, the motion equations of a single rapeseed in the steady airflow field inside the cyclone separator were established, and the influence of the baffle on the separation performance of rapeseed was analyzed. Furthermore, the single-factor experiment was conducted to find out the effects of the rotational speed of the blower, and the air volume of the MOG outlet on the cleaning ratio and loss ratio of the cyclone separation cleaning system. After that, the orthogonal was carried out to find the optimal combination of blower rotational speed, the air volume of the MOG outlet, the angle of the upper cone, the type of baffle, and the rapeseed outlet diameter. The results of the single-factor experiment indicated that the cleaning performance was better when the rotational speed of the blower and the air volume was in the range of 500~700 r/min and 0.566~0.692 m3/s, respectively. The results of the orthogonal experiment illustrated that the primary and secondary factors affecting the cleaning performance of the cyclone separation cleaning system were air volume (air velocity) of the MOG outlet, baffle form, angle of the upper cone, rapeseed outlet diameter and rotational speed of the blower. The optimal combination of parameters could be obtained when the air volume of MOG outlet was 0.692 m3/s, the rotational speed of the blower was 600 r/min, the angle of the upper cone was 30°, no baffle was used, and the rapeseed outlet diameter was 200 mm. Under this condition, the cleaning ratio and loss ratio of the cyclone separation cleaning system was 91.50% and 6.02%, respectively. To validate the performance of the cleaning system in actual production, the field experiment was carried out. There was no blockage existing in the blower, the cyclone separator, and the pipe. Finally, the range of the cleaning ratio and loss ratio was 86.80%~94.45% and 5.90%~7.73%, respectively, in the field. This work could provide a reference for the structural optimization and improvement of the cleaning device for the rapeseed combine harvester. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 33

Main heading: Combines

Controlled terms: Air? - ?Air cleaners? - ?Cleaning? - ?Cyclone separators? - ?Equations of motion? - ?Harvesters? - ?Oilseeds? - ?Separation? - ?Speed? - ?Structural optimization

Uncontrolled terms: Complicated structures? - ?Kinematics and dynamics? - ?Optimal combination? - ?Orthogonal experiment? - ?Parameters analysis? - ?Separation performance? - ?Single-factor experiments? - ?Threshing and separating

Classification code: 451.2 Air Pollution Control? - ?802.1 Chemical Plants and Equipment? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations? - ?804 Chemical Products Generally? - ?821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?921.2 Calculus? - ?921.5 Optimization Techniques

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 6.02e+00%, Percentage 9.15e+01%, Rotational_Speed 5.00e+02RPM to 7.00e+02RPM, Rotational_Speed 5.70e+02RPM, Rotational_Speed 6.00e+02RPM, Size 2.00e-01m, Size 2.56e-01m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S2.024

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

66. Measurement Method of Maize Ear Characters Based on Machine Vision

Accession number: 20205209681531

Title of translation:

Authors: Wu, Gang (1); Wu, Yunfan (1); Chen, Du (1, 2); Li, Baosheng (1); Zheng, Yongjun (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Beijing Key Laboratory of Optimized Design for Modern Agricultural Equipment, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China

Corresponding author: Chen, Du(tchendu@cau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 51

Issue date: December 18, 2020

Publication year: 2020

Pages: 357-365

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In the process of maize breeding, yield tests and the improvement of maize production and the examination, including the measurement of the length, diameters, row numbers, grain numbers per row and grain numbers of ears, is necessary. However, manual examination utilized for a long time not only needs to spend a lot of manpower and resources, but also has many problems, such as high labor intensity, low efficiency of observation and the non-objective and inaccurate results caused by human interference, greatly limiting the speed and accuracy of the operation. Therefore, an automatic equipment of examination with the machine-vision was presented. The colour images of single-face characters of maize ears were obtained by industrial cameras through USB. Then the model |B-R| and (G+B)/2 were respectively applied to gray the colour images. After that, the method of segmentation of one-dimension maximum entropy was used to achieve binaryzation, obtaining binary images of contours and features of ears separately. Moreover, these two kinds of images were corrected automatically by the calculation of angles of ear contours of binary images. Based on the calibration of cameras, the unit pixel corresponding to the actual value could be gained and then the length and diameters of ears could be calculated. In addition, the width of rows of ears could be got by the scanning of points of horizontal black background and correction of scanning curves, according to the extraction of local features of binaryzation images. The number of rows of ears could be obtained by the modified model of numbers of rows. Furthermore, by the extraction of binaryzation images of local features of single line of grains, the number of grains of rows could be obtained, based on the scanning of the points of black background and its modified curve. Finally, the total number of grains of ears could be computed by the numbers of rows and that of grains in single row. The experimental results showed that the average accuracy of measurement of ear length and ear diameter were 98.05% and 97.99%; the correct rate of measurement of row numbers was 95%; the average measurement accuracy of the number of grains per row was 96.29%; and the average accuracy of measurement of grain numbers was 95.67%. Furthermore, T-test was conducted to compare the difference with the standard value, demonstrating that there was no significant difference and the equipment was of reliability. The average speed of measurement of the whole ear was less than 600 ms per ear, and the measurement speed of the test system was within 6 s per ear, meeting the requirement of the automatic equipment of examination. This research provided the basis of equipment and technology for the modern seed industry, even for the development of agricultural information technology. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 23

Main heading: Binary images

Controlled terms: Agricultural robots? - ?Cameras? - ?Computer vision? - ?Extraction? - ?Grain (agricultural product)? - ?Image segmentation? - ?Information dissemination? - ?Maximum entropy methods? - ?Scanning

Uncontrolled terms: Accuracy of measurements? - ?Agricultural informations? - ?Automatic equipments? - ?Human interference? - ?Manual examination? - ?Measurement accuracy? - ?Measurement methods? - ?Measurement speed

Classification code: 716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing? - ?723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing? - ?723.5 Computer Applications? - ?742.2 Photographic Equipment? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?903.2 Information Dissemination

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 9.57e+01%, Percentage 9.80e+01%, Time 6.00e+00s, Time 6.00e-01s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S2.042

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

67. Optimization Design and Experiment of Corn Cleaning Device

Accession number: 20205209681092

Title of translation:

Authors: Li, Xiaoyu (1); Du, Yuefeng (1); Niu, Xingcheng (1); Chi, Ruijuan (1); Mao, Enrong (1)

Author affiliation: (1) Beijing Key Laboratory of Optimized Design for Modern Agricultural Equipment, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China

Corresponding author: Du, Yuefeng(dyf@cau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 51

Issue date: December 18, 2020

Publication year: 2020

Pages: 233-242

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: With the demand of modern agricultural production, corn direct grain harvesting has become the inevitable way to achieve efficient harvest. Cleaning process as an important part of corn direct grain harvesting equipment affects the operation performance of whole machine. Aiming at the problems of high grain loss rate and impurity rate in cleaning mechanism of corn combine harvester, and seasonal influence on traditional test, the method of mathematical modeling, simulation and experiment verification were used to optimize the operation performance and the structure design of cleaning device. Based on cleaning system of CASE 4099 combine harvester, a corn threshing and cleaning test platform was built. The cleaning device mainly included upper sieve, lower sieve, tossing board, tail sieve, crank mechanism, fan, motor and so on. The vibrating sieve selected fish scale sieve and adopted double-layer asynchronous cleaning operation. The mathematical model of movement process of grain on vibrating sieve was established to obtain the change law of main factors affecting on the cleaning effect, and the change law of the average movement speed and movement distance of grain on vibrating sieve were analyzed considering factors such as inclination angel of vibrating sieve, amplitude of vibrating sieve, rotational speed of crank mechanism driving vibrating sieve, angle between vibrating direction of mixture and sieve surface, angle between wind force of fan and sieve surface. In order to improve the cleaning performance, a vertical adjustable air separated board was designed, mainly including support rod, adjusting rod and regulating handle, the internal flow field velocity distribution could be changed by adjusting inclination angle of air separated board, and optimized the performance of cleaning device. Based on corn threshing and cleaning test platform, the experiment was carried out. The flow field inside cleaning device was divided into three layers by boundary of vibrating sieve surface, each layer selected 20 (4 crosses × 5 columns) wind speed measurement points for data collection. The computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation technology was used to determine the optimum inclination angle of air separated board slanted at left or right 18°, in this condition, the wind velocity distribution in flow field was uniform, the wind speed change in vertical direction was the smallest, it was advantageous to cleaning operation. To verify the effect of adjustable air separated board, the test results showed that wind speed at each measurement point was uniform distribution and longitudinal gradient of flow field was small when air separated board slanted at right 18°, which was consistent with simulation results. The orthogonal experiment was carried out with vibrating sieve rotation speed and rotation speed of drive motor of fan as main influencing factors, while grain loss rate and impurity rate as indexes. The results showed that when rotational speed of crank mechanism of vibrating screen was 275 r/min and rotation speed of drive motor of fan was 900 r/min as the optimal working parameter combination, the loss rate and impurity rate were 1.34% and 1.66%, respectively. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 23

Main heading: Combines

Controlled terms: Agricultural robots? - ?Air? - ?Air cleaners? - ?Cleaning? - ?Computational fluid dynamics? - ?Digital storage? - ?Flow fields? - ?Grain (agricultural product)? - ?Harvesters? - ?Harvesting ? - ?Sieves? - ?Speed? - ?Velocity distribution? - ?Wind

Uncontrolled terms: Agricultural productions? - ?Computational fluid dynamics simulations? - ?Experiment verification? - ?Longitudinal gradients? - ?Operation performance? - ?Orthogonal experiment? - ?Wind speed measurement? - ?Wind velocity distributions

Classification code: 443.1 Atmospheric Properties? - ?451.2 Air Pollution Control? - ?631.1 Fluid Flow, General? - ?722.1 Data Storage, Equipment and Techniques? - ?723.5 Computer Applications? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations? - ?804 Chemical Products Generally? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.34e+00%, Percentage 1.66e+00%, Rotational_Speed 2.75e+02RPM, Rotational_Speed 9.00e+02RPM

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S2.027

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

68. Real-time Adaptive Energy Management Strategy for Dual-motor-driven Electric Tractors

Accession number: 20205209681614

Title of translation:

Authors: Li, Tonghui (1); Xie, Bin (1); Wang, Dongqing (2); Zhang, Shengli (1); Wu, Liping (2)

Author affiliation: (1) Beijing Key Laboratory of Optimized Design for Modern Agricultural Equipment, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Power System of Tractor, Luoyang; 471039, China

Corresponding author: Xie, Bin(xiebincau@126.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 51

Issue date: December 18, 2020

Publication year: 2020

Pages: 530-543

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Considering different power requirements of the tractor under various working conditions, the single-motor powertrain system is usually in low load state under low load working conditions, with low efficiency, resulting in energy waste. To solve this problem, a dual-motor multi-mode coupling driving system for electric tractors was proposed. Through the coordinated control of two motors and brakes, four driving modes could be realized: motor EM_S independent drives, motor EM_R independent drives, dual-motor coupling drives and dual-motor independent drives. These modes could meet the tractor power demand under various working conditions, improve the load rate of motor, and thus improve the efficiency of the whole vehicle. A parameter matching method was proposed to match the parameters of the two motors and the main transmission ratios of the coupling box according to the dynamic performance indexes of the typical working conditions. In order to realize the efficient operation of DMET, and enhance the adaptability of the energy management strategy to different operating conditions of electric tractors, a real-time energy management strategy based on stochastic dynamic programming + extreme seeking algorithm (SDP_PESA) was proposed. The state feedback control table generated offline by SDP as the control input reference was used to ensure the approximate global optimum. On this basis, the adaptive optimization algorithm-PESA was introduced to dynamically search the local maximum value of the system output to compensate for the control input of SDP and generate operating points with lower energy consumption and higher efficiency. The EMS based on SDP_PESA considered the good optimization performance of the global optimization algorithm and the robustness of the instantaneous optimization algorithm comprehensively, and the advantages of the two algorithms were used to achieve more excellent control performance. A DMET simulation model with SDP state feedback control table was established based on Matlab/Simulink, and real operating conditions were used to simulate the energy management strategies based on SDP and SDP_PESA. The simulation results demonstrated that the actual vehicle speed can track the change of the target vehicle speed in real time, and the control strategy can quickly respond to the change of the work load, indicating that the DMET simulation model was efficient and feasible, and can meet the simulation accuracy requirements. Based on the energy management strategy of SDP, the average power consumption of DMET in plowing and transportation conditions were respectively 1.77 kW?h/km and 1.17 kW?h/km, the driving efficiency was 0.80 and 0.81, respectively. However, after adding the PESA output feedback controller, the driving efficiency was increased by 2.13% and 1.97%, and the average power consumption was reduced by 10.17% and 16.2%, respectively, which meant the energy management strategy based on SDP_PESA can effectively increase the operating range of pure electric tractors, and SDP_PESA was fully capable of real-time application. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 30

Main heading: Energy efficiency

Controlled terms: Adaptive control systems? - ?Drives? - ?Dynamic programming? - ?Electric power utilization? - ?Energy management? - ?Energy utilization? - ?Feedback control? - ?Global optimization? - ?MATLAB? - ?State feedback ? - ?Stochastic systems? - ?Tractors (agricultural)? - ?Tractors (truck)

Uncontrolled terms: Adaptive optimization algorithm? - ?Different operating conditions? - ?Energy management strategies? - ?Global optimization algorithm? - ?Output feedback controller? - ?Real operating conditions? - ?Real-time energy management? - ?Stochastic dynamic programming

Classification code: 525 Energy Management and Conversion? - ?663.1 Heavy Duty Motor Vehicles? - ?706.1 Electric Power Systems? - ?731.1 Control Systems? - ?921 Mathematics? - ?921.5 Optimization Techniques

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.02e+01%, Percentage 1.62e+01%, Percentage 1.97e+00%, Percentage 2.13e+00%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S2.066

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

69. Comparative Research on Miss-seeding Reseed Method in No-tillage Corn Planter

Accession number: 20205209681998

Title of translation:

Authors: Wu, Nan (1)

Author affiliation: (1) Department of Materials Engineering, Liaoning Mechatronics College, Dandong; 118009, China

Corresponding author: Wu, Nan(lfwunan@163.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 51

Issue date: December 18, 2020

Publication year: 2020

Pages: 41-46 and 78

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Comparison research was carried out on the performance of self compensation and auxiliary compensation in seed metering device, in order to solve the issue of miss-seeding in no-tillage corn planter. The performance indicators of metering device at different disc speeds and seed spacing were obtained through the performance test of horizontal disc seed metering device, and the indicators included seeding qualification index, miss-seeding index and reseeding index. Based on these, the reseeding performance under self compensation and auxiliary compensation methods for missing seeding could be analyzed. The test result showed that when the seeding speed was from 3 km/h to 7 km/h and the seed spacing was 15 cm, 20 cm and 25 cm, the qualification index of the metering device was decreased with the increase of the seeding speed, and the smaller the seed spacing was, the lower the qualified rate was at the same speed; the miss-seeding index was increased with the increase of seeding speed, and the smaller the seed spacing was, the higher the miss-seeding index was. The analysis of the performance of self compensation for miss-seeding shows that after detecting miss-seeding signals at the seeding metering port and carrying out accelerated reseeding, the actual seed spacing LPR was larger than 1.5L, and the reseeding spacing was still miss-seeding, despite that the miss-seeding spacing was lowered, where precise missing reseeding function could not be realized. In case the miss-seeding signal could be detected before the seed left the metering hole, and the acceleration preparation was made in advance, then the miss-seeding could be realized. Self-compensation for missed seeding was greatly affected by seeding speed and seeding spacing. When the seeding spacing was 20 cm and 25 cm and the seeding speed was not more than 5 km/h, the qualified rate of reseeding was above 88%. When the seeding spacing was 15 cm or the seeding speed was above 5 km/h, the qualified rate of reseeding was lower. The performance of variable speed seeding would gradually weaken with the increase of seeding speed. Through the analysis of the performance of the auxiliary compensation device for miss-seeding, at the seeding speed of 3~7 km/h and the grain spacing of 15~25 cm, the success rate of reseeding was above 89%, and the qualified rate of reseeding was above 96% at the seeding speed of 5 km/h or below. It was concluded that the reseeding position should be ensured to be precise, where the installation position of the compensation device for miss-seeding should be reasonably designed. In the meantime, after reasonably design of the compensation reseeding device installation indicators, the t (response time) and vb (linear speed of compensation device seeding discs) should be controlled to realize the precise control of the reseeding position, as they may be affected by seeding speed, seeding spacing, seeding disc linear speed and the seeding angle. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 34

Main heading: Seed

Controlled terms: Plants (botany)? - ?Pneumatic materials handling equipment? - ?Signal detection? - ?Speed

Uncontrolled terms: Auxiliary compensation? - ?Comparative research? - ?Installation position? - ?Metering devices? - ?Performance indicators? - ?Performance tests? - ?Seed metering devices? - ?Self compensation

Classification code: 632.4 Pneumatic Equipment and Machinery? - ?716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 8.80e+01%, Percentage 8.90e+01%, Percentage 9.60e+01%, Size 1.50e-01m, Size 1.50e-01m to 2.50e-01m, Size 2.00e-01m, Size 2.50e-01m, Velocity 1.39e+00m/s, Velocity 8.33e-01m/s to 1.94e+00m/s, Volume 1.50e-03m3

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S2.005

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

70. Design of Corn Ear Peeling Device Based on Knowledge-based Engineering

Accession number: 20205209681091

Title of translation:

Authors: Du, Yuefeng (1); He, Shi (1); Mao, Enrong (1); Zhu, Zhongxiang (1); Li, Xiaoyu (1); Yang, Fan (1)

Author affiliation: (1) Beijing Key Laboratory of Optimized Design for Modern Agricultural Equipment, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 51

Issue date: December 18, 2020

Publication year: 2020

Pages: 249-260

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: As one of the important agricultural equipment, the design of harvesting machinery has many typical characteristics, such as complex and diverse structures, strong seasonality, and obvious characteristics of users’ diversity and customization requirements. The traditional R&D mode have some problems, such as long design cycle, low efficiency and difficult quality assurance. Taking the ear peeling device of corn combine harvester as the research object, according to the relationship among the structural characteristics, technical parameters and performance evaluation indexes of the peeling device, the design method of the ear peeling device based on knowledge was presented. Firstly, the design process of peeling device was clarified, and the modular design scheme was formulated, which was divided into special parts module, general parts module, and standard parts module according to functions. The special module was the core component of the peeling device, mainly including the peeling roller and the pressure feeder; the general module included the feeding roller, the conveying mechanism, the impurity eliminator, the driving mechanism and the fruit spike recovery mechanism and so on; the standard module included the driving part, the connecting fastener and the bearing and so on. Secondly, according to the scope of standards, rules and constraints, the related design knowledge base of peeling device was established, the mathematical relationship between the features, operation form corn varieties, transmission scheme, structure parameters, and operating parameters were analyzed. The representation and storage method of the design knowledge of corn ear peeling device was studied. Meanwhile, the framework representation method was used to decompose the husking plant, and a top-down hierarchical structure was designed. Finally, the computer aided design (CAD) and knowledge engineering were integrated to study the reasoning mechanism design of corn ear peeling device. In addition, the working performance evaluation model of corn ear peeling device was established, including the component life calculation model, the bract stripping rate evaluation model, the grain loss rate evaluation model, and the grain breakage rate evaluation model. Based on the Visual Studio platform, the knowledge base, reasoning machine, evaluation model and human-machine interface of system were integrated, and a design system of corn ear peeling device with knowledge was developed, which realized the real-time calculation output and parameter evaluation of design parameters under the input of user’s demand parameters. On the basis of the above research, taking the parameters of TPJ16 corn ear peeling device as an example, the input power at the interface was 7.5 kW, the feeding amount was 16.6 t, the key structural parameters and motion parameters of the peeling device were calculated and evaluated, and the performance of the design parameters was evaluated. The solution results showed that the peeling rate of bract leaves, grain crushing rate and grain loss rate of the peeling device were 96.01%, 1.42% and 3.25%, respectively. The research results provided a reference for the rapid design of agricultural machinery and equipment. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 27

Main heading: Structural design

Controlled terms: Agricultural robots? - ?Computer aided design? - ?Feeding? - ?Grain (agricultural product)? - ?Knowledge based systems? - ?Machine design? - ?Parameter estimation? - ?Plants (botany)? - ?Quality assurance? - ?Rollers (machine components)

Uncontrolled terms: Agricultural equipment? - ?Hierarchical structures? - ?Human Machine Interface? - ?Knowledge-based engineering? - ?Mathematical relationship? - ?Real-time calculations? - ?Representation method? - ?Structural characteristics

Classification code: 408.1 Structural Design, General? - ?601 Mechanical Design? - ?601.2 Machine Components? - ?691.2 Materials Handling Methods? - ?723.4.1 Expert Systems? - ?723.5 Computer Applications? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?913.3 Quality Assurance and Control

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.42e+00%, Percentage 3.25e+00%, Percentage 9.60e+01%, Power 7.50e+03W

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S2.029

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

71. Design of Portable Device for Testing Sugar Content of Apples Combined with Mobile Phones

Accession number: 20205209681882

Title of translation:

Authors: Qiao, Xin (1, 2); Peng, Yankun (1, 2); Wang, Yali (1, 2); Li, Long (1, 2); Zhuang, Qibin (1, 2); Tian, Wenjian (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) National R&D Center for Agro-processing Equipment, Beijing; 100083, China

Corresponding author: Peng, Yankun(ypeng@cau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 51

Issue date: December 18, 2020

Publication year: 2020

Pages: 491-498

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Targeting on the demand of the market for apple quality detection, a handheld device for apple sugar content detection combined for mobile phone based on visible/near infrared spectroscopy technology was designed to determine the wavelength range and spectral sensor suitable for apple sugar content detection by optimizing the characteristic wavelength. The combination with the mobile phone completed the high-efficiency, non-destructive and low-cost detection of apple sugar content. An STS-NIR miniature fiber optic spectrometer (wavelength range 650~1 100 nm) was selected to collect the spectra of 120 apples by using the spectrum acquisition platform built by the laboratory itself, and the true sugar content of the measured apples was obtained through the sugar refractometer. The partial least square (PLS) algorithm was used to model the full-wavelength data, and variable selection methods such as successive projection algorithm (SPA), genetic algorithm (GA) and competitive adaptive reweighted sampling method (CARS) were used to identify and simplify the characteristic bands of the full-wavelength to select the effective wavelength. Variables of the measured wavelength, and the effective wavelengths were selected according to the regression coefficient. The results of variable selection showed that the three sets of characteristic variables obtained had overlapping terms, and all of them contained wavelength variables related to the apple sugar content. The partial least squares (PLS) algorithm was used to establish a prediction model of apple sugar content based on three sets of characteristic bands variables, and the three sets of results were analyzed, including the comparison of prediction correlation coefficient (Rp), prediction root mean square error (RMSEP) to evaluate the accuracy of the built model. The experimental results showed that the modeling results obtained by using the three groups of characteristic were all good, and the predictive correlation coefficient was above 0.93, among which GA-PLS model had the best predictive effect on apple sacchariness, with the predictive correlation coefficient up to 0.944 7. According to the highly overlapping coincidence term of the characteristic variables bands obtained above, the characteristic wavelength bands and their corresponding optical sensor for detecting apple sugar content saccharification were determined, and 40 other apples were tested and verified based on the designed handheld device for testing the sugar content of apples. The correlation coefficient was predicted to be 0.882 2 based on the designed a handheld device for apple sugar content detection combined for mobile phone. The results showed that the device designed was of low cost, easy to carry and had high detection accuracy and efficiency, and it was feasible to realize the real-time nondestructive testing of apple’s sugar content. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 25

Main heading: Fruits

Controlled terms: Cellular telephones? - ?Costs? - ?Efficiency? - ?Forecasting? - ?Genetic algorithms? - ?Hand held computers? - ?Infrared spectroscopy? - ?Least squares approximations? - ?Mean square error? - ?Nondestructive examination ? - ?Predictive analytics? - ?Saccharification? - ?Spectrometers

Uncontrolled terms: Correlation coefficient? - ?Fiber-optic spectrometers? - ?Partial least square (PLS)? - ?Partial least square algorithms? - ?Root mean square errors? - ?Successive projection algorithms? - ?Variable selection methods? - ?Visible/near infrared spectroscopy

Classification code: 718.1 Telephone Systems and Equipment? - ?722.4 Digital Computers and Systems? - ?741.3 Optical Devices and Systems? - ?802.2 Chemical Reactions? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?911 Cost and Value Engineering; Industrial Economics? - ?913.1 Production Engineering? - ?921.6 Numerical Methods? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics

Numerical data indexing: Size 6.50e-07m to 1.10e-06m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S2.061

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

72. Motion Analysis and Experiment on Shelling Process of Kneading and Pressing Castor Shelling Machine

Accession number: 20205209681607

Title of translation:

Authors: Hou, Junming (1); Yao, Enchao (1); Li, Jinpeng (1); Bai, Jingbo (1); Yang, Yong (1); Zhu, Hongjie (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Shenyang Agriculural University, Shenyang; 110866, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 51

Issue date: December 18, 2020

Publication year: 2020

Pages: 220-232

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: The motion law of castor capsule during shelling process is of great significance to the study of shelling damage. Based on the theory of bonding contact, a simulation model of castor shelling process was established to simulate the movement of castor capsule in the shelling drum. The results showed that in the process of castor shell peeling simulation, when the speed reached 8.50 m/s, the capsule of castor just broke after collision with Q235 steel, and the inner seed was not damaged. Therefore, the speed at 8.50 m/s was set as the target value. When the rotation speed was 250 r/min, the shelling gap was 7 mm, and the filling rate was 40%. In the single factor analysis, the influence of drum revolution on the maximum pressure and velocity of particles were significant. With the increase of revolution, the maximum pressure between particles was decreased from 68.78 N to 68.10 N. The maximum velocity of particles was increased from 8.92 m/s to 12.99 m/s, and the shelling rate was increased from 91.23% to 91.28%, and then it was decreased to 88.89%. The influence of shelling clearance on the maximum pressure and velocity of particles was followed: with the increase of shelling clearance, the maximum pressure between particles was decreased from 76.93 N to 58.69 N, the maximum velocity of particles was increased from 12.14 m/s to 12.99 m/s, and then decreased to 10.05 m/s. Furthermore, the shelling rate was firstly decreased from 92.50% to 89.59%, and then increased to 91.41%. In the process of shelling, the average velocity of particles in X-axis direction was decreased from 4.17 m/s to 3.26 m/s; the average velocity of particles in Y-axis direction was decreased from 8.26 m/s to 7.59 m/s; and the average velocity of particles in Z-axis direction was decreased from 6.58 m/s to 6.24 m/s. In the stage of initial shelling, the particles were concentrated in the middle of the shelling drum, and some castor seeds were accumulated. The castor capsules bounced up after touching the inner drum, fell down and rotated with the inner drum, and then moved toward the outlet. During the stable shelling stage, the castor was concentrated and evenly distributed near the outlet of the shelling drum, and rotated with the inner drum. At the end of the shelling stage, the particles were concentrated at the bottom of the shelling drum, and then moved to the bottom continuously. Most of the castor was discharged from the right side of the shelling chamber. Through simulation, the optimal parameter combination of the shelling process was obtained as follows: rotation speed was 350 r/min, shelling clearance was 5 mm, and the filling rate was 40%. The test results were as follows: rotation speed was 350 r/min, shelling clearance was 5 mm, and the filling rate was 30%. Since among the three factors, the rotation speed and shelling clearance were extremely significant factors, and the filling rate was significant factor, the difference was within a reasonable range. The study provided theoretical support for the design of castor shelling machine and its related components. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 30

Main heading: Velocity

Controlled terms: Filling? - ?Motion analysis? - ?Rotation

Uncontrolled terms: Average velocity? - ?Maximum pressure? - ?Maximum velocity? - ?Optimal parameter combinations? - ?Rotation speed? - ?Simulation model? - ?Target values? - ?Velocity of particles

Classification code: 691.2 Materials Handling Methods? - ?723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing? - ?931.1 Mechanics

Numerical data indexing: Force 6.88e+01N to 6.81e+01N, Force 7.69e+01N to 5.87e+01N, Percentage 3.00e+01%, Percentage 4.00e+01%, Percentage 8.89e+01%, Percentage 9.12e+01% to 9.13e+01%, Percentage 9.14e+01%, Percentage 9.25e+01% to 8.96e+01%, Rotational_Speed 2.50e+02RPM, Rotational_Speed 3.50e+02RPM, Size 5.00e-03m, Size 7.00e-03m, Velocity 1.01e+01m/s, Velocity 1.21e+01m/s to 1.30e+01m/s, Velocity 6.58e+00m/s to 6.24e+00m/s, Velocity 8.50e+00m/s, Velocity 8.92e+00m/s to 1.30e+01m/s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S2.026

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

73. Design and Experiment on Flexible Clamping and Conveying Mechanism of Vegetable Grafting Robot

Accession number: 20205209681584

Title of translation:

Authors: Jiang, Kai (1); Chen, Liping (1); Zhang, Qian (2); Feng, Qingchun (1); Guo, Wenzhong (1); Cao, Lingling (3)

Author affiliation: (1) Beijing Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture, Beijing; 100097, China; (2) Beijing Research Center of Information Technology for Agriculture, Beijing; 100097, China; (3) Beijing Agricultural Technology Extension Station, Beijing; 100029, China

Corresponding author: Chen, Liping(chenlp@nercita.org.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 51

Issue date: December 18, 2020

Publication year: 2020

Pages: 63-71

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: The disadvantages of artificial grafting are low efficiency and nonstandard quality of grafted seedlings. Therefore, this method cannot meet the needs of mass production of factory seedlings. Mechanical grafting can improve the quality of grafted seedlings and promote the standardization of grafting seedlings. At present, most of the grafting machines adopt the artificial method to carry on the seedling, and the single hand grafting limits the improvement of the production efficiency. Through the development of automatic seedling device to replace artificial seedling, the device has high requirements for seedling standardization, the success rate of seedling is only about 80%, and it cannot be used in actual production. Through the study of multi claw synchronous grafting process flow and reasonable optimization of grafting mechanism layout, grafting efficiency can be improved steadily. In the process of mechanical grafting, the clamping and conveying mechanism is the key part of seedling transportation, which is used to grasp and transport seedlings from the seedling loading station to the cutting and docking station. In view of the existing single gripper clamping and handling mechanism, it needs to rotate back and forth at the seedling loading, cutting and docking positions during operation, which limits the grafting production efficiency of the machine, and there are some problems such as clamping injured seedlings, too long waiting time for operators to load seedlings, and easy to fatigue. A four gripper flexible clamping and conveying mechanism was designed. This mechanism can realize synchronous operation of seedling loading, cutting and docking, and realize flexible clamping and rapid transportation of seedlings. It was helpful to improve the grafting efficiency of the machine. The transfer mechanism can complete one grafting seedling every 90° rotation. At the same time, the flexible gripper based on buffer material and the adjustment method of clamping force were also proposed. The compression mechanical properties of EVA cushion material with different thickness were analyzed, and the clamping force of EVA cushion on different seedlings under the condition of completely closed clamping was obtained. By using ADAMS software, the dynamic simulation model of clamping and conveying mechanism was constructed, and the variation rules of different clamping force and rotation displacement of seedlings were analyzed. It was concluded that when the clamping force was less than 0.4 N, the seedlings were free from the bondage of the clamping hand. When the clamping force was greater than 3.5 N, the seedling clamping and rotating operation was stable. Based on the experimental results of mechanism performance, taking cucurbita moschata and cucumber as the test objects, the average success rate of the flexible gripper was 98.5%, which was 4.5 percentage points higher than that of the arc-shaped gripper, and the injury rate was reduced by 3.5 percentage points. The grafting speed of the mechanism was 1 052 plants/h, which was 1.72 times of the production efficiency of the same type of single claw grafting machine. The grafting success rate was 96.67%, which greatly improved the production efficiency of grafting robot and met the needs of industrial grafting seedling production. The results can provide a technical reference for the design and optimization of the clamping and conveying mechanism of the high-speed grafting robot. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 25

Main heading: Grafting (chemical)

Controlled terms: Clamping devices? - ?Computer software? - ?Efficiency? - ?Grippers? - ?Industrial robots? - ?Machine design? - ?Standardization

Uncontrolled terms: Conveying mechanisms? - ?Design and optimization? - ?Different thickness? - ?Grafting efficiency? - ?Grafting seedlings? - ?Production efficiency? - ?Synchronous operations? - ?Transfer mechanisms

Classification code: 601 Mechanical Design? - ?723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications? - ?731.5 Robotics? - ?731.6 Robot Applications? - ?802.2 Chemical Reactions? - ?902.2 Codes and Standards? - ?913.1 Production Engineering

Numerical data indexing: Force 3.50e+00N, Force 4.00e-01N, Percentage 8.00e+01%, Percentage 9.67e+01%, Percentage 9.85e+01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S2.008

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

74. Effects of Spraying Parameters on Droplet Deposition Performance

Accession number: 20205209681028

Title of translation:

Authors: Ding, Suming (1); Xue, Xinyu (1); Dong, Xiang (2); Gu, Wei (1); Zhou, Qingqing (1)

Author affiliation: (1) Nanjing Institute of Agricultural Mechanization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing; 210014, China; (2) Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Sciences, Beijing; 100083, China

Corresponding author: Xue, Xinyu(735178312@qq.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 51

Issue date: December 18, 2020

Publication year: 2020

Pages: 308-315

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to research on the effect of different spraying modes of fan nozzle on spatial deposition of droplet, droplet size measurement test device and deposition distribution test device were established by using NJS-1 wind tunnel for plant protection. The droplet size measurement test device was mainly composed of spray system, laser particle size analyzer and so on. The nozzle was mounted on the vertical reciprocating guide rail with the moving speed of 6.7 cm/s and the horizontal distance between the nozzle and the laser beam was 30 cm. During the tests, the spray pressure was firstly stabilized, and then the laser particle size analyzer was turned on. In order to sample the entire spray stoke area, the spraying nozzle was controlled by a single-chip microcomputer to move at a certain speed. Droplet deposition distribution test device was mainly composed of spray system, wind tunnel system, acquisition system and so on. During the tests, the flow rate of the spray nozzle was controlled by an electronic timer to open/close the solenoid valve to ensure that the spray time of each test was fixed at 10 s. The fluorescent tracer BSF was selected as the spray medium and was mixed with water at the ratio of 0.30 g/L. After each spray test, the collection line was placed in the plastic bag with 30 mL deionized water for full oscillation washing, the amount of fluorescent agent content was determined by the calibrated fluorescence analyzer for each test eluent. The LURMARK-04F80 standard fan nozzle was used in the drop-size distribution and deposition performance tests. The effects of spray pressure and wind speed on droplet size and the influence of wind speed, spray pressure, spray orientation and nozzle direction on droplet deposition were investigated. Three calculation models were employed to compare different influence factors of droplet drift reduction percentage. The results of droplet size distribution experiments showed that at the same wind speed, the increase of spray pressure would cause the decrease of DV0.1, DV0.5 and DV0.9 and the increase of ΦVol, but minor changes of droplet spectrum width S; under the same spray pressure, the increase of wind speed would cause the increase of DV0.1 and DV0.5 but minor change of DV0.9, the decrease of ΦVol and droplet spectrum width S was from 1.44 to 1.17. The results of droplet deposition distribution tests showed that when spray pressure was increased from 0.2 MPa to 0.4 MPa, in the plane parallel to spray direction, the droplet deposition was increased at 2~3 m from the spray nozzle, droplet deposition was decreased when spray pressure was increased far away from the nozzle, in the plane vertical to spray direction, the droplet deposition was increased at 0.1~0.2 m from the ground and increased when spray pressure was increased, in the middle position, the droplet deposition was decreased when spray pressure was increased, the droplet deposition was close to zero at the height nearest to the nozzle. When wind speed was increased from 1 m/s to 5 m/s, the droplet deposition was increased on both planes parallel and vertical to spray direction; when the nozzle direction was changed from -15° to 15°, the droplet deposition was increased on both planes parallel and vertical to spray direction; when the nozzle direction was changed from 0° to 30°, the droplet deposition was decreased with the increase of nozzle direction on both planes parallel and vertical to spray direction with minor difference. Compared with the reference spray, the values of DPRP obtained from three calculation models showed that spray pressure, wind speed and spray orientation greatly influenced the droplet drift reduction percentage, especially the cross-wind speed. This study can provide experimental data guidance for the selection of spray parameters for spray operation in the field. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 29

Main heading: Spray nozzles

Controlled terms: Deionized water? - ?Deposition? - ?Drops? - ?Fluorescence? - ?Laser beams? - ?Particle size? - ?Particle size analysis? - ?Plastic containers? - ?Size distribution? - ?Solenoid valves ? - ?Speed? - ?Tracers? - ?Wind? - ?Wind tunnels

Uncontrolled terms: Deposition distribution? - ?Drop size distribution? - ?Droplet size distributions? - ?Droplet size measurement? - ?Fluorescence analyzer? - ?Laser particle size analyzer? - ?Single chip microcomputers? - ?Spraying parameters

Classification code: 443.1 Atmospheric Properties? - ?445.1 Water Treatment Techniques? - ?619 Pipes, Tanks and Accessories; Plant Engineering Generally? - ?631.1 Fluid Flow, General? - ?651.2 Wind Tunnels? - ?741.1 Light/Optics? - ?744.8 Laser Beam Interactions? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations? - ?817.1 Polymer Products? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics? - ?951 Materials Science

Numerical data indexing: Mass_Density 3.00e-01kg/m3, Pressure 2.00e+05Pa to 4.00e+05Pa, Size 1.00e-01m to 2.00e-01m, Size 2.00e+00m to 3.00e+00m, Size 3.00e-01m, Velocity 1.00e+00m/s to 5.00e+00m/s, Velocity 6.70e-02m/s, Volume 3.00e-05m3

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S2.036

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village