2019年第4期共收录48篇

1. Design and Experiment of Two-degree-of-freedom Multi-articulated Profiling No-tillage Precision Drill Unit

Accession number: 20192407026780

Title of translation:

Authors: Hou, Shouyin (1); Chen, Haitao (1); Shi, Naiyu (1); Zou, Zhen (1); Ji, Wenyi (1); Wang, Yecheng (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China

Corresponding author: Chen, Haitao(htchen@neau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 92-101

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Based on the design concept of 2BMFJ series no-tillage precision planter, which is light weight and uniform in sowing depth, a two-degree-of-freedom combined profiling no-tillage precision drill unit was designed. Based on Lagrange equation, a mathematical model of ditching depth of precision drill unit was established, and the key structure and working parameters affecting the ditching depth were determined. The autumn untreated maize stubble field was selected as the test plot. Four-factor and five-level quadratic regression orthogonal rotation center combination test method was applied, experimental optimization on structure and working parameters affecting the performance of precision drill unit was done, and the initial increment of spring, initial traction angle, spring stiffness and working speed were selected as influencing factors. The qualified rate of ditching depth, soil hardness and variation coefficient of ditching depth were selected as evaluation indexes, the primary and secondary relations of factors affecting the qualified rate of ditching depth were obtained as follows: spring stiffness, working speed, initial increment of spring and initial traction angle, the primary and secondary order of factors affecting qualified rate of soil hardness were as follows: spring stiffness, working speed, initial traction angle and initial increment of spring, and the primary and secondary order of the factors affecting the variation coefficient of ditching depth were follows: initial traction angle, working speed, spring stiffness and initial increment of spring. Design-Expert 6.0.10 software was used to establish regression equation, significance and optimization parameters of the test data were tested, the results showed that under the conditions of initial traction angle of 0°, spring stiffness of 10 N/mm, initial spring increment of 15~19.5 mm and working speed of 6.7~7.8 km/h, the qualified rate of ditching depth was more than 95%, the qualified rate of soil hardness was more than 95%, and the variation coefficient of ditching depth was less than 10%. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 27

Main heading: Depth profiling

Controlled terms: Agriculture? - ?Degrees of freedom (mechanics)? - ?Drills? - ?Equations of motion? - ?Hardness? - ?Infill drilling? - ?Software testing? - ?Soils? - ?Speed? - ?Stiffness ? - ?Structural optimization

Uncontrolled terms: Experimental optimization? - ?Multi-articulated profiling? - ?No tillage? - ?Optimization parameter? - ?Structure and working parameters? - ?Two degrees of freedom? - ?Two-degree of freedom? - ?Variation coefficient

Classification code: 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?511.1 Oil Field Production Operations? - ?603.2 Machine Tool Accessories? - ?723.5 Computer Applications? - ?801 Chemistry? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control? - ?921.2 Calculus? - ?921.5 Optimization Techniques? - ?931.1 Mechanics? - ?951 Materials Science

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.00e+01%, Percentage 9.50e+01%, Size 1.50e-02m to 1.95e-02m, Surface_Tension 1.00e-02N*m, Velocity 1.86e+00m/s to 2.17e+00m/s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.04.011

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

2. Design and Test of Equipment for Straw Crushing with Strip-laying and Seed-belt Classification with Cleaning under Full Straw Mulching

Accession number: 20192407026776

Title of translation:

Authors: Shi, Yinyan (1); Luo, Weiwen (1); Hu, Zhichao (1); Wu, Feng (1); Gu, Fengwei (1); Chen, Youqing (1)

Author affiliation: (1) Nanjing Research Institute for Agricultural Mechanization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing; 210014, China

Corresponding author: Hu, Zhichao(nfzhongzi@163.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 58-67

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Crop straw non-burning and returning has become one of the most important moves for comprehensive realization of straw resource utilization. Aimed at problems of large quantity of straw stalks, difficult sowing of later crops, wrapped straw and high-power consumption by using traditional straw crushing-returning machine for rice and wheat rotation region in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze river, straw crushing and seed-belt classification machine under full straw mulching was developed in combination with the agronomic requirements of wheat seeding in rice-stubble field in Jiangsu Province. One trip to the field, it can complete the multiple operation processes of straw-stubble crushing, row-spacing stacking, seed-belt cleaning, and the follow-up seed bed treating, fertilizer sowing, soil covering and suppressing, etc. Key components such as straw pickup-chopping device, guide-adjusting device and transmission route system were designed and analyzed theoretically to determine the relevant structure and position parameters. Three-factor and three-level orthogonal performance test was carried out with setting rotation spindle speed n(A), guider radial distance τ(B) and machine ground speed v(C) as the influence factors, straw crushed rate Ε1 and stubble cleaned rate Ε2 as the evaluation indexes. It can be known from the orthogonal test that the importance order of the factors which affecting Ε1 was A, C and B, and that affecting Ε2 was B, C and A, the comprehensive choice optimum combination of working parameters was A2B2C2, that was n=2 000 r/min, τ=20 mm, v=1.0 m/s, and Ε1=93.42%, Ε2=92.71%, the machine reached the best working performance. Field validation tests under optimum parameter combination showed that the average Ε1 and Ε2 were 91.25% and 90.54%, respectively, which satisfied the technical standards and agronomy requirements. The research results can provide technical and equipment support for the realization of straw non-burning and fertilization utilization, which had considerable production and application prospects. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 28

Main heading: Crushing

Controlled terms: Agronomy? - ?Cleaning? - ?Crops? - ?Equipment testing

Uncontrolled terms: Application prospect? - ?Belt cleaning? - ?Field validation tests? - ?High power consumption? - ?Middle and lower reaches of the yangtze rivers? - ?Position parameters? - ?Resource utilizations? - ?Row spacing

Classification code: 802.3 Chemical Operations? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 9.05e+01%, Percentage 9.12e+01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.04.007

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

3. Effect of Lairage Time on Stress Level and Meat Quality of Small Tail Han Sheep

Accession number: 20192407026808

Title of translation:

Authors: Wang, Jingxuan (1); Luo, Jie (2); Han, Zhenmin (3); Zhang, Hao (1, 4); Luo, Hailing (5); Guo, Huiyuan (1)

Author affiliation: (1) Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha; 410128, China; (3) Beijing Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (4) Beijing Higher Institution Engineering Research Center of Animal Product, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (5) College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100193, China

Corresponding author: Guo, Huiyuan(guohuiyuan@cau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 339-345

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: The lairage process can significantly affect the quality of meat. The yield of mutton is relatively large in China. So it is necessary to strengthen the exploration in this respect. The effects of different lairage times (0 h, 3 h, 6 h, 12 h, 18 h and 24 h) on stress level and mutton quality of Small Tail Han sheep after 5 h transportation were compared. The suitable lairage time was established and it was meaningful in mutton production. The results showed that 12 h lairage could increase the glycogen content to (7.74±0.98) mg/g, decrease the final pH value to 5.57±0.14, and improve the tenderness of mutton. The plasmacortisol and creatine kinase contents were slightly increased and then decreased with the extension of lairage time. The lowest data could be seen in the 12 h lairage group, which were (39.98±5.04) ng/mL and (277.64±19.88) U/L, respectively, indicating that Small Tail Han sheep could be relieved from stress caused by transportation. In addition, with the extension of lairage time, the weight loss of Small Tail Han sheep was increased. The concentrations of hemoglobin and hematocrit were increased to (40.63±0.85)% and (14.01±0.23) g/dL, respectively after 24 h lairage, indicating that new stress was caused because of the extension of lairage time. Therefore, combined with the above indicators, 12 h lairage time could ensure the minimum weight loss of Small Tail Han sheep and make them relieve from stress, improving mutton quality. The research was of great significance to the formulation of standards for mutton slaughtering industry and the guidance of mutton production. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 24

Main heading: Meats

Controlled terms: Stresses

Uncontrolled terms: Creatine kinase? - ?Formulation of standards? - ?Lairage? - ?Meat quality? - ?Minimum weight? - ?Small Tail Han sheep? - ?Stress levels? - ?Weight loss

Classification code: 822.3 Food Products

Numerical data indexing: Time 0.00e+00s, Time 1.08e+04s, Time 1.80e+04s, Time 2.16e+04s, Time 4.32e+04s, Time 6.48e+04s, Time 8.64e+04s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.04.039

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

4. Design of Multi-temperature Cold Storage Vehicle and Analysis on Temperature Field in Vehicle

Accession number: 20192407026804

Title of translation:

Authors: Liu, Guanghai (1); Wu, Junzhang (1); Foster, A. (2); Xie, Ruhe (1); Tang, Haiyang (1); Qu, Ruigui (3)

Author affiliation: (1) Research Center for Cold Chain and Standardization, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou; 510006, China; (2) School of Engineering, London South Bank University, Bristol; BS405DU, United Kingdom; (3) School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, Central South University, Changsha; 410075, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 309-316

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: A multi-temperature vehicle incorporating phase change material (PCM) was designed to help multi-temperature joint distribution and widen temperature control range, which integrated on-board refrigeration system, the phase change cold storage tank (PCCST), heat-insulated compartment (divided into freezing and cooling unit), air guiding device, thermal insulation board and so on. The PCCST (using 360 kg PCM, which had a melting temperature of -30.0 and a latent heat of 175.3 kJ/kg) was set independently in front of the vehicle and charged by a refrigeration system by using cheap electricity at night when it was stationary. During transportation, the freezing unit derived and regulated the cold air from PCCST through the air supply system of the heat-insulated carriage, and the cooling unit imported and regulated the cold air through the air guiding duct on one side above the heat-insulated carriage. The results of simulation and experiment were compared and analyzed as follows when the space ratio of freezing unit to cooling unit in the heat-insulate carriage was 1: 1, and the temperature was set to be -15.0 and 3.0, respectively. It was showed that the temperature root mean squared error between simulation and test was between 0.7 and 1.1, and the overall deviation was reasonable, which could better reflect the distribution of temperature field in the multi-temperature cold storage vehicle. In addition, the results showed that the multi-temperature cold storage vehicle could maintain the temperature of the products at -15.0 and 3.0 for more than 10 h during the transportation. In fact, the average air temperature of the multi-temperature carriage was distributed between -14.2~-12.9 and 3.4~4.2 whose fluctuation ranges were 1.3 and 0.8, respectively. The coefficient of absolute non-uniformity of temperature was less than 0.6 when the freezing unit was -15.0 and less than 1.2 when the cooling unit was 3.0. The above parametric study showed that the average temperature fluctuation value of novel multi-temperature cold storage vehicle was 73.7% and the coefficient of absolute non-uniformity was 50% lower than that of the traditional cold storage vehicle. The further simulation of changing the space ratio of freezing unit to cooling unit in the carriage also showed that the temperature field in the carriage was uniform and could meet the actual transportation needs. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 27

Main heading: Vehicles

Controlled terms: Cold storage? - ?Freezing? - ?Mean square error? - ?Phase change materials? - ?Refrigeration? - ?Temperature? - ?Temperature distribution? - ?Thermal insulation

Uncontrolled terms: Average air temperature? - ?Distribution of temperature? - ?Multi-temperature transport? - ?Phase Change? - ?Root mean squared errors? - ?Temperature fluctuation? - ?Thermal insulation boards? - ?Transportation needs

Classification code: 413.2 Heat Insulating Materials? - ?641.1 Thermodynamics? - ?644.1 Refrigeration Methods? - ?644.3 Refrigeration Equipment and Components? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics

Numerical data indexing: Mass 3.60e+02kg, Percentage 5.00e+01%, Percentage 7.37e+01%, Specific_Energy 1.75e+05J/kg, Time 3.60e+04s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.04.035

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

5. Dynamic Monitoring of Ephemeral Gully Development and Its Morphology Quantification in Loess Hilly-gully Region

Accession number: 20192407026800

Title of translation:

Authors: Xu, Ximeng (1); Zheng, Fenli (2); Qin, Chao (2); Han, Yong (2)

Author affiliation: (1) Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Loss Process and Control on the Loess Plateau, Ministry of Water Resources, Yellow River Institute of Hydraulic Research, Zhengzhou; 450003, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China

Corresponding author: Zheng, Fenli(flzh@ms.iswc.ac.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 274-282

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Dynamic quantification of field ephemeral gully development and morphology on natural hillslope has great significance on ephemeral gully erosion control and ephemeral gully erosion modelling. Due to the difficulty of dynamically monitoring field ephemeral gully catchments and limitation of measurement method, quantification of ephemeral gully morphology and its dynamic evolvement process is still lacking. Thus, based on the long-term field ephemeral gully development investigation data, three-dimensional laser scanning and photogrammetry techniques were used to quantify the ephemeral gully morphology of three ephemeral gully catchments with different upslope drainage areas (1 012 m2, 995 m2 and 424 m2). The dynamic evolution processes of ephemeral gully were revealed, and the relationship between drop-sills distance of headcuts and slope gradient was also analyzed. The result showed that during the monitoring period from 2003 to 2015, when upslope drainage area was increased by 34.8% and 159.6%, ephemeral gully length was increased by 39.6% and 138.8%, average ephemeral gully width was increased by 19.7% and 75.3%, and average ephemeral gully depth was increased by 32.4% and 71.4%, respectively. Dynamic monitoring illustrated that ephemeral gully length was increased by 26.4%, 12.1%, 29.4% from 2003 to 2015 and the increasing rate was 0.82 m/a, 0.55 m/a, 0.52 m/a; the cross-section areas of ephemeral gully in 2015 was increased by 22.5%, 65.1%, 45.9% compared with those in 2013, and the increasing rate was 5.0 cm2/a, 15.8 cm2/a, 4.1 cm2/a. Tillage in spring brought the lateral topsoil into the ephemeral gully channel which induced 2 cm decrement of soil layer around the channel. With the increase of slope length, ephemeral gully width and depth were increased first and then decreased, with maximum value in the location of about 20 m to the slope bottom. Totally 70% of drop-sills distances of headcuts in ephemeral gully channel were distributed in 10~25 cm, while slope gradients were distributed in the range of 15°~40°. A negative exponent relationship can be found between drop-sills distance and slope gradient. The research results enhanced the understanding on ephemeral gully erosion processes, which could provide scientific bases for ephemeral gully erosion control. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 40

Main heading: Landforms

Controlled terms: Catchments? - ?Drops? - ?Erosion? - ?Laser applications? - ?Morphology? - ?Photogrammetry? - ?Runoff? - ?Soils

Uncontrolled terms: Cross section? - ?Drainage area? - ?Ephemeral gullies? - ?Ephemeral gully erosions? - ?Loess hilly gully region? - ?Measurement methods? - ?Negative exponents? - ?Three-dimensional laser scanning

Classification code: 405.3 Surveying? - ?442.1 Flood Control? - ?481.1 Geology? - ?483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?744.9 Laser Applications? - ?951 Materials Science

Numerical data indexing: Area 1.01e+03m2, Area 4.24e+02m2, Area 9.95e+02m2, Percentage 1.21e+01%, Percentage 1.39e+02%, Percentage 1.60e+02%, Percentage 1.97e+01%, Percentage 2.25e+01%, Percentage 2.64e+01%, Percentage 2.94e+01%, Percentage 3.24e+01%, Percentage 3.48e+01%, Percentage 7.53e+01%, Size 1.00e-01m to 2.50e-01m, Size 2.00e-02m, Percentage 3.96e+01%, Percentage 4.59e+01%, Percentage 6.51e+01%, Percentage 7.00e+01%, Percentage 7.14e+01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.04.031

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

6. Discrimination of Peanut Mildew Degree Based on Terahertz Attenuated Total Reflection Spectroscopy

Accession number: 20192407026807

Title of translation:

Authors: Liu, Cuiling (1, 2); Hu, Ying (1, 2); Wu, Jingzhu (1, 2); Xing, Ruixin (1, 2); Wang, Shaomin (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Computer and Information Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing; 100048, China; (2) Beijing Key Laboratory of Big Data Technology for Food Safety, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing; 100048, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 333-338 and 355

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to detect the different degrees of mildew of peanut kernels in an efficient, convenient and reliable way, a qualitative analysis method of mildew peanut based on back propagation(BP)neural network algorithm and support vector machine based on Terahertz (THz) time-domain spectroscopy was studied. In order to eliminate the contingency brought by different peanut samples, two peanut varieties, Huayu 36 and Luhua 9, were randomly collected for mildew culture. According to the sensory characteristics of peanut and the existing research foundation, the peanut samples were divided into four categories: normal, mild mildew, moderate mildew and severe mildew. The spectrum of peanut kernel samples (band 0.3~3.6 THz) was collected by THz total reflection. The Fourier transform method was used to perform frequency domain transformation on the time domain spectral signal and window processing. Then the optical constant absorbance and absorption coefficient of the obtained frequency domain signal were extracted, and the optical constant signal of the sample was obtained and the characteristic band was screened. On this basis, BP neural network qualitative analysis model and SVM qualitative analysis model were established respectively. Experiment results showed that the BP neural network model had a prediction set recognition rate of 88.57% for the Huayu 36 peanut mold model, and the prediction set recognition rate of the Luhua 9 peanut model was 91.40%; the Lib-SVM model for two varieties of peanut mold whether or not the two-class model, the three-class model of the three types of mildew peanuts had a prediction set recognition rate of 100%. It was shown that the application of Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy combined with BP neural network algorithm and SVM algorithm had a good effect on detecting mildewed peanut kernels. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 25

Main heading: Time domain analysis

Controlled terms: Backpropagation algorithms? - ?Electromagnetic wave reflection? - ?Forecasting? - ?Frequency domain analysis? - ?Fungi? - ?Molds? - ?Neural networks? - ?Oilseeds? - ?Optical constants? - ?Reflectometers ? - ?Spectrum analysis? - ?Support vector machines? - ?Terahertz spectroscopy

Uncontrolled terms: Attenuated total reflection spectroscopy? - ?Back propagation neural networks? - ?Frequency domain transformations? - ?Mildew peanut? - ?Qualitative analysis? - ?Qualitative analysis model? - ?Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy? - ?THz attenuation

Classification code: 711 Electromagnetic Waves? - ?723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications? - ?723.4 Artificial Intelligence? - ?741.1 Light/Optics? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?921 Mathematics? - ?921.3 Mathematical Transformations? - ?931.1 Mechanics? - ?941.3 Optical Instruments

Numerical data indexing: Frequency 3.00e+11Hz to 3.60e+12Hz, Percentage 1.00e+02%, Percentage 8.86e+01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.04.038

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

7. Design and Experiment Optimization of Prevent Bring Back Stubble Mechanism of Spring-tooth Type Cleaning Device

Accession number: 20192407026779

Title of translation:

Authors: Shi, Naiyu (1); Chen, Haitao (1); Wang, Xing (1); Chai, Yuduo (1); Wang, Hongfei (1); Hou, Shouyin (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China

Corresponding author: Chen, Haitao(htchen@neau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 84-91

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: The 2BMFJ series of precision seeder for no-tillage mulch straw in stubble field developed by Northeast Agricultural University integrated seed bed preparation, stubble prevention, precision seeding, deep fertilization, covering and compacting soil, spraying potions, covering straw evenly and other functions, the original stubble field with high quality and precision seeding operations was completed. It has become an important technical means to ensure the combination of intensive cultivation and conservation tillage. In order to solve the problem of large amount of straw return during the operation of the spring-tooth cleaning plant, it was of great significance to study a kind of prevent bring back stubble mechanism. Therefore, based on the existing stubble no-tillage mulch straw precision seeder spring-tooth cleaning device, the prevent bring back stubble linkage mechanism was added. By modeling and analyzing the lateral throwing residual of the linkage mechanism, the change rule of rear deviation angle in the direction of outer normal line of the pulley was determined. The minimum rotational speed of the drive pulley was obtained by theoretical analysis of the stubble conveying with spring-tooth. Based on the theoretical analysis of soil cutting length, the structural parameters between the spring-tooth were obtained. In order to obtain rules of the spring-tooth on the residual stubble, the structural parameters of the prevent bring back stubble linkage mechanism were determined. The experiment was carried out by using the method of L9(34) orthogonal test. The working speed, deflection of spring-tooth and rotational speed of drive pulley were selected. The rate of straw removal and the rate of straw return were taken as the evaluation indexes. The results showed that the working speed and the rotational speed of drive pulley had an extreme significant effect on the straw removal rate of seed bed (P ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 22

Main heading: Cultivation

Controlled terms: Cleaning? - ?Pulleys? - ?Soil conservation? - ?Speed

Uncontrolled terms: Bring back of stubble? - ?Cleaning devices? - ?Conservation tillage? - ?Corn? - ?No-tillage planter? - ?Optimum parameters? - ?Precision seeding? - ?Structural parameter

Classification code: 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?691.1 Materials Handling Equipment? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.38e+00%, Percentage 9.55e+01%, Rotational_Speed 4.50e+02RPM, Size 1.60e-01m, Size 8.00e-02m, Velocity 2.00e+00m/s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.04.010

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

8. Design and Experiment on Suction Nozzle Type Hole of Pneumatic-sheave Combined Vegetable Precision Metering Device

Accession number: 20192407026777

Title of translation:

Authors: Yin, Wenqing (1, 2); Zhao, Lu (1, 2); Li, Hua (1, 2); Hu, Fei (1, 2); Yu, Haiming (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing; 210031, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Intelligent Agricultural Equipment in Jiangsu Province, Nanjing; 210031, China

Corresponding author: Hu, Fei(hufei@njau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 68-76 and 136

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Precise seeding technology has become an important direction of vegetable seeder development. Considering the characteristics of multi-varieties and large differences in vegetable seeds, the requirements for sowing are also different. According to the above practical problems, a pneumatic-sheave combined precision metering device was designed which owned advantages such as simple structure and suitable for various vegetable seeds. The precision metering device adopted a two-stage seeding mode. The small grooved wheel seeding device adopted for the first part, negative pressure to adsorb seeds and positive pressure to remove seeds were adopted for the second part. Three-dimensional laser scanning and three-dimensional point cloud calculation method were used to measure the three-axis size of pakchoi, radish and eggplant seeds. Based on these data, several shapes of suction nozzles such as through hole, conical hole, cylindrical hole and kidney ellipsoid hole were designed. The single-factor test was used to obtain the best chamber vacuum for seeder. By applying the single factor text for vacuum degree, optimal result showed that most suitable vacuum degrees for pakchoi, radish and eggplant were 4 kPa, 5 kPa and 3 kPa, respectively. The optimal metering tray speed and suction nozzle type hole were obtained by the complete combination test. The result showed that when the rotational speed of the metering tray was 17.5~22.5 r/min, the metering device qualified rate was high, especially at 20 r/min. The suction nozzle type holes suitable for pakchoi, radish and eggplant were conical holes, kidney ellipsoid hole and through hole, respectively. Under the optimal suction nozzle, vacuum and rotational speed conditions, the qualified rates of pakchoi, radish and eggplant were 97.0%, 95.4% and 93.7%, respectively, which could completely meet the requirement of seeding index. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 25

Main heading: Nozzle design

Controlled terms: Experiments? - ?Nozzles? - ?Pneumatics? - ?Vegetables

Uncontrolled terms: Cylindrical holes? - ?Negative pressures? - ?Practical problems? - ?Precision metering? - ?Simple structures? - ?Suction nozzles? - ?Three-dimensional laser scanning? - ?Three-dimensional point clouds

Classification code: 408 Structural Design? - ?632.3 Pneumatics? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?901.3 Engineering Research

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 9.37e+01%, Percentage 9.54e+01%, Percentage 9.70e+01%, Pressure 3.00e+03Pa, Pressure 4.00e+03Pa, Pressure 5.00e+03Pa, Rotational_Speed 1.75e+01RPM to 2.25e+01RPM, Rotational_Speed 2.00e+01RPM

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.04.008

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

9. Structural Design and Test of Wheeled Tobacco Plant Protection Mobile Platform

Accession number: 20192407026786

Title of translation:

Authors: Liu, Lu (1, 2); Yang, Lu (1); Gao, Guanguang (1); Li, Zhiqiang (1); Zheng, Quan (1, 2); Chen, Liqing (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei; 230036, China; (2) Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Agricultural Machinery and Equipment, Hefei; 230036, China

Corresponding author: Chen, Liqing(lqchen@ahau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 156-162

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Aiming to effectively overcome the difficulty in plant protection robot operation with rollover and insufficient steering space when driving in furrows located field at the south of Anhui Province. Taking stability and steering sensitivity of the wheeled tobacco plant protection mobile platform into consideration, by analyzing and adjusting the transmission system and steering system of the mobile platform, a wheeled mobile platform for driving and operating in tobacco fields was designed. The simulation software RecurDyn/Track was used to build the dynamics and kinematics models, and the mobile platform was optimally upgraded and designed in terms of mobility and steering performance. The robot was tested in the field with high furrow to verify the simulation results. The results showed that these simulated models can turn around at the radius of 0.8 m; the deviation was less than 3° when it was under straight-walking condition. And the optimum operating speed reached 1.0 m/s through simulation analysis by comparing the motion stability at different moving speeds. All these numbers proved that the modelling robots were high in steering sensitivity and stability. Through the field experiment, the steering sensitivity of these modelling robots can meet the needs of tobacco fields in the south of Anhui Province. Furthermore, the inertial navigation device was used to test the deviation of the robots’ walking angle and the walking stability between the ridges. The largest tilting angle was 14.38° when the mobile plant protection machine operation speed was 1.0 m/s. The research developed the design of mobile platforms in managing the high-ridge farmlands both in theory and technology. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 21

Main heading: Robots

Controlled terms: Computer software? - ?Design? - ?Drilling platforms? - ?Simulation platform? - ?Stability? - ?Structural design? - ?Testing? - ?Tobacco? - ?Walking aids

Uncontrolled terms: Inertial navigations? - ?Mobile platform? - ?Simulation analysis? - ?Simulation software? - ?Steering performance? - ?Steering sensitivities? - ?Tobacco plants? - ?Transmission systems

Classification code: 408.1 Structural Design, General? - ?461.5 Rehabilitation Engineering and Assistive Technology? - ?511.2 Oil Field Equipment? - ?723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications? - ?731.5 Robotics? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products

Numerical data indexing: Velocity 1.00e+00m/s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.04.017

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

10. Flight Path Control of UAV in Mountain Orchards Based on Fusion of GNSS and Machine Vision

Accession number: 20192407026771

Title of translation: GNSS

Authors: Wang, Dong (1, 2); Fan, Yeman (1, 2); Xue, Jinru (1, 2); Yuan, Duan (1); Shen, Kaicheng (1, 2); Zhang, Haihui (1, 3)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Agricultural Internet of Things, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China; (3) Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural Information Perception and Intelligent Service, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China

Corresponding author: Zhang, Haihui(zhanghh@nwsuaf.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 20-28

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Precise path control of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is the key technology to realize aviation plant protection in mountain orchards. In order to carry out the plant protection operation stably and accurately in mountain orchards, based on the four-rotor UAV, the flight path control system and method of UAV for plant protection by fusing GNSS and machine vision were designed. The system consisted of two parts, i. e., UAV flight platform and ground control station. The former consisted of a four-rotor UAV, an inner-ring flight control module, a GNSS moving station, a RGB camera, a wireless video transmission module and an electronic compass. The latter consisted of a GNSS base station, a flight control module, a laptop and a video capture module. A fruit tree row recognition algorithm was proposed based on Python language combined with OpenCV library. In this algorithm, a linear combinatorial algorithm was used to extract the target area, and the least squares method was used to fit the central point of target area to obtain the row trend of fruit tree. Then the yaw angle was calculated to realize the path control. In the working process, the UAV was controlled by the visual navigation method when flying over the fruit tree, while controlled by the GNSS navigation method when it needed to switch between rows of different operation fruit trees. The developed system and proposed method was tested in mountain apple orchard. The results showed that when the flight speed was 2 m/s, the height of UAV from fruit tree canopy was about 2 m, the camera’s dip angle was 46° and the image navigation control rate was 2 times/s, the absolute path control error of the system was -47~42 cm, and the average absolute error was -9 cm. The high control precision indicated that the system could meet the requirements of UAV for plant protection operation in mountain orchards. The research provided a new method for path control of UAV on plant protection in mountain orchards. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 30

Main heading: Aircraft control

Controlled terms: Air navigation? - ?Antennas? - ?Cameras? - ?Computer vision? - ?Flight control systems? - ?Flight paths? - ?Forestry? - ?Fruits? - ?Global positioning system? - ?Image communication systems ? - ?Landforms? - ?Least squares approximations? - ?Navigation? - ?Orchards? - ?Rock mechanics? - ?Trees (mathematics)? - ?Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)

Uncontrolled terms: Average absolute error? - ?Aviation plant? - ?Combinatorial algorithm? - ?GNSS navigation? - ?Ground control stations? - ?Path control? - ?Recognition algorithm? - ?Wireless video transmission

Classification code: 431.5 Air Navigation and Traffic Control? - ?481.1 Geology? - ?483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?652 Aircraft and Avionics? - ?723.5 Computer Applications? - ?742.2 Photographic Equipment? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?921.4 Combinatorial Mathematics, Includes Graph Theory, Set Theory? - ?921.6 Numerical Methods

Numerical data indexing: Size 2.00e+00m, Velocity 2.00e+00m/s, Size -4.70e-01m to 4.20e-01m, Size -9.00e-02m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.04.002

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

11. Maize Point Cloud Data Filtering Algorithm Based on Vehicle 3D LiDAR

Accession number: 20192407026788

Title of translation:

Authors: Zhang, Man (1); Miao, Yanlong (1); Qiu, Ruicheng (1); Ji, Yuhan (1); Li, Han (2); Li, Minzan (1)

Author affiliation: (1) Key Laboratory of Modern Precision Agriculture System Integration Research, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Agricultural Information Acquisition Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China

Corresponding author: Li, Minzan(limz@cau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 170-178

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to support phenotypic parameter measurement and digital plant related research, the obtained maize point cloud data collected by 3D light detection and ranging (LiDAR) were analyzed and processed. The filtering algorithm of maize point cloud data was carried out, and a two times filtering algorithm based on statistical analysis was proposed. The vegetative stages of the 12th leaf, Jingnongke 728 and Nongda 84 maize were used as research objects, and VLP-16 was used to collect field maize point cloud data. Firstly, the point cloud data was subjected to pass filtering processing to remove extraneous points. The number of point clouds was reduced from 12 000 to 1 700. Secondly, the point cloud data was subjected to the first filtered process, and the precision and recall threshold were set. The average number of point clouds was reduced from 1 700 to 1 400, and 300 outliers were removed. Then, the point cloud was subjected to the second filtered process. The optimal combination and marginal combinations of precision and recall were determined. The optimal combination was (110, 0.9) and (6, 1.2). The marginal combinations were (100, 1.0), (6, 1.2) and (110, 0.8), (5, 0.9), a total of three combinations of parameters. The average number of point clouds was reduced from 1 400 to 1 300, and 100 outliers were removed. Finally, the three sets of verification set data were tested. The results showed that the optimal combination performance was optimal, which can be used to Jingnongke 728 and Nongda 84. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 27

Main heading: Optical radar

Controlled terms: Filtration? - ?Signal filtering and prediction? - ?Statistics

Uncontrolled terms: Filtering algorithm? - ?Filtering processing? - ?Light detection and ranging? - ?Maize? - ?Parameter measurement? - ?Phenotyping? - ?Point cloud? - ?Precision and recall

Classification code: 716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing? - ?716.2 Radar Systems and Equipment? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.04.019

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

12. Design and Experiment of Mechanism of Throwing Impurity in Cleaning Device of Maize Grain Harvester

Accession number: 20192407026783

Title of translation:

Authors: Wang, Lijun (1); Li, Yibo (1); Zheng, Zhaohui (1); Wu, Zhenchao (1); Yu, Yongtao (1); Liu, Tianhua (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 124-136

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to improve cleaning performance of air-and-screen cleaning device in maize harvester, the mechanism of throwing impurity, which was installed in the upper space of cleaning screen to make maize mixture disperse in the horizontal direction and layer in the vertical direction, was invented to meet requirements of the increasing feeding quantity. The CFD-DEM coupling method was used to simulate the delamination of maize mixture with the help of mechanism of throwing impurity in the vertical direction. The experimental factors were the numbers of raking finger in circumferential direction, the rotation radii of raking finger, the spacing between fingers axially and the angular velocity of roll, and the performance indexes were the horizontal displacement of impurity threw and the overlapping displacement of maize mixture in the horizontal direction. The quadratic orthogonal rotational-combinational simulation test was designed. The test data were analyzed by the response surface method, and the regression mathematical models were multi-objectively optimized by using Design-Expert. The results showed that the numbers of raking finger in the circumferential direction had the most significant effect on the horizontal displacement of impurity threw, followed by the angular velocity of roll, then the spacing between fingers axially, finally the rotation radii of raking finger and the numbers of raking finger in the circumferential direction had the most significant effect on the overlapping displacement of maize mixture in the horizontal direction, followed by the spacing between fingers axially, then the angular velocity of roll, finally the rotation radii of raking finger. The optimized parameters of the mechanism of throwing impurity were the numbers of raking finger in the circumferential direction, which was 8, the rotation radii of raking finger of 80.18 mm, the spacing between fingers axially of 12.44 mm and the angular velocity of roll of 15. 41 rad/s. Under the condition of inlet velocities of 12.8 m/s and direction angle of the inlet of 25°, when the feed quantity of maize mixture at the entrance of cleaning device was 5~7 kg/s, the cleaning rate of maize with mechanism of throwing impurity in cleaning device was 97.20%~98.74% and the loss rate of maize was 1.65%~1.82%, which can meet the requirements of technical specification for quality evaluation of screening under the condition of large feed quantity. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 27

Main heading: Air cleaners

Controlled terms: Angular velocity? - ?Cleaning? - ?Harvesters? - ?Mixtures? - ?Rotation

Uncontrolled terms: Circumferential direction? - ?Cleaning devices? - ?Experimental factors? - ?Horizontal displacements? - ?Optimized parameter? - ?Performance indices? - ?Response surface method? - ?Technical specifications

Classification code: 451.2 Air Pollution Control? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations? - ?821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment? - ?931.1 Mechanics

Numerical data indexing: Angular_Velocity 4.10e+01rad/s, Mass_Flow_Rate 5.00e+00kg/s to 7.00e+00kg/s, Size 1.24e-02m, Size 8.02e-02m, Velocity 1.28e+01m/s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.04.014

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

13. Real-time Pedestrian Detection in Orchard Based on Improved SSD

Accession number: 20192407026772

Title of translation: SSD

Authors: Liu, Hui (1); Zhang, Lishuai (1); Shen, Yue (1); Zhang, Jian (1); Wu, Bian (1)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang; 212013, China

Corresponding author: Shen, Yue(shen@ujs.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 29-35 and 101

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Reliable pedestrian detection in agriculture field is one of the key technologies for unmanned agricultural vehicles. For the complex environment in the orchard, it is difficult to accurately detect the obstacle information. To solve this problem, an improved single shot multibox detector (SSD) deep learning object detection method was proposed to detect pedestrian in the field obstacles. The lightweight network framework MobileNetV2 was used as the basic network in the SSD model to reduce the time and computational effort of extracting image features. For auxiliary layer of the SSD model, the inverse residual block combined with the dilated convolution was used as the basic structure for position prediction so that the multi-scale features can be integrated and at the same time avoiding the information loss caused by the down sampling operation. Based on the Tensorflow deep learning framework, different motion states (motion and static), different pose states (normal and unnormal) and different object scales (large, medium and small) pedestrian detection experiment in orchard were carried out on the open data set in orchard environment of the National Robotics Engineering Center of Carnegie Mellon University and the accuracy and speed of these different situations were compared. Result showed that the average precision and recall rate of the improved SSD pedestrian detection model in agriculture reached 97.46% and 91.65%, respectively, higher than 96.87% and 88.51% of the original SSD model, and the parameter quantity was decreased by seven times. The speed was accelerated by three times and the detection speed was 62.50 frames per second. The model had good robustness and could detect the pedestrian in the field environment, which could provide a basis for the obstacle avoidance of the unmanned agriculture machinery. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 31

Main heading: Object detection

Controlled terms: Convolution? - ?Deep learning? - ?Machinery? - ?Object recognition? - ?Open Data? - ?Orchards? - ?Pedestrian safety

Uncontrolled terms: Agricultural vehicles? - ?Agriculture machinery? - ?Carnegie Mellon University? - ?Complex environments? - ?MobileNetV2? - ?Pedestrian detection? - ?Pedestrian detection models? - ?Precision and recall

Classification code: 406.2 Roads and Streets? - ?716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing? - ?723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 8.85e+01%, Percentage 9.17e+01%, Percentage 9.69e+01%, Percentage 9.75e+01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.04.003

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

14. Study of Obstacle Avoidance Controller of Agricultural Tractor-trailers Based on Predictive Control of Nonlinear Model

Accession number: 20192407026810

Title of translation:

Authors: Bai, Guoxing (1); Liu, Li (1); Meng, Yu (1); Luo, Weidong (1); Gu, Qing (1); Liang, Chen (1)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing; 100083, China

Corresponding author: Meng, Yu(myu@ustb.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 356-362

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: For the obstacle avoidance control of agricultural tractor-trailers, a controller based on nonlinear model predictive control was proposed. Since the obstacle avoidance control of the agricultural tractor-trailer should take the position state and the attitude state of the tractor and trailer into account, the kinematics model of the agricultural tractor-trailer was derived based on rigid body kinematics and non-holonomic constraints. And based on this kinematics model, the position state and the attitude state prediction model of the agricultural tractor-trailer was established. Thereafter, the optimization function was designed based on the improved forbidden zone penalty function, and the proposed obstacle avoidance controller design was completed. In the simulation results, by comparing with the obstacle avoidance controller that did not consider the position state and the attitude state of the trailer, it can be known that the proposed obstacle avoidance controller of agricultural tractor-trailers can control the tractor and the trailer to avoid the obstacle simultaneously. And under the control of the proposed obstacle avoidance controller of agricultural tractor-trailers, the minimum distance between the trajectory of the end point of each axle and the center of the obstacle minus the sum of the obstacle radius and the safety margin was not less than 0 m. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 23

Main heading: Controllers

Controlled terms: Agriculture? - ?Collision avoidance? - ?Kinematics? - ?Model predictive control? - ?Nonlinear systems? - ?Predictive control systems? - ?Tractors (agricultural)

Uncontrolled terms: Kinematics modeling? - ?Non holonomic constraint? - ?Nonlinear model predictive control? - ?Obstacle avoidance controls? - ?Optimization function? - ?Predictive control? - ?Rigid body kinematics? - ?Tractor trailer

Classification code: 731.1 Control Systems? - ?732.1 Control Equipment? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control? - ?821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment? - ?914.1 Accidents and Accident Prevention? - ?931.1 Mechanics? - ?961 Systems Science

Numerical data indexing: Size 0.00e+00m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.04.041

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

15. Research Progress Analysis on Key Technology of Chemical Fertilizer Reduction and Efficiency Increase

Accession number: 20192407026770

Title of translation:

Authors: Tang, Han (1); Wang, Jinwu (1); Xu, Changsu (1); Zhou, Wenqi (1); Wang, Jinfeng (1); Wang, Xiu (2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China; (2) Beijing Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture, Beijing; 100097, China

Corresponding author: Wang, Jinwu(jinwuw@163.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 1-19

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Chemical fertilizer is one of the basic materials in modern agricultural production. It has important significance to the development of grain production safety and high-efficiency agriculture. The problems of agricultural safety production, environmental pollution and cost wastage are increasingly prominent which were caused by long-term blindly excessive application of chemical fertilizers in China. How to effectively balance the relation among grain production, ecological security and chemical fertilizer reduction has become a system engineering problem that must be faced. Considering the requirements for application of scientific fertilization technology, the present situation of chemical fertilizer application in China was illustrated and evaluated. The research progresses, technical features, application statuses and existing problems of modern fertilization technologies were analyzed, such as soil testing and formulated fertilization, slow/controlled release fertilization, precision variable-rate fertilization, irrigation and fertilization, and fertilization for staple crop. Finally, the trends of government policy, technology research and promotion training were expected clearly based on the requirement of sustainable agricultural development, which provided ideas for constructing a scientific fertilization technology and management system with the Chinese national condition and references for related research. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 125

Main heading: Fertilizers

Controlled terms: Chemical analysis? - ?Efficiency? - ?Grain (agricultural product)? - ?Irrigation? - ?Research and development management? - ?Safety engineering? - ?Soil testing

Uncontrolled terms: Agricultural productions? - ?Chemical fertilizers? - ?Efficiency increase? - ?Engineering problems? - ?Environmental pollutions? - ?Slow/controlled release? - ?Sustainable agricultural development? - ?Variable rate fertilization

Classification code: 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?804 Chemical Products Generally? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?901.3 Engineering Research? - ?913.1 Production Engineering? - ?914 Safety Engineering

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.04.001

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

16. Design and Test of Low-damage Combined Corn Threshing and Separating Device

Accession number: 20192407026782

Title of translation:

Authors: Fan, Chenlong (1); Cui, Tao (1); Zhang, Dongxing (1); Yang, Li (1); Qu, Zhe (1); Li, Yuhuan (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China

Corresponding author: Cui, Tao(cuitao850919@163.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 113-123

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: The longitudinal axial flow corn kernel harvester threshing separation device has high grain breakage rate during the threshing process, low removal rate, large loss of grain entrainment, and problem of clogging the concave plate by corn leaf. Aiming at the above problems, based on the collision contact theory, a degranulation separation device with low-damage round head nail teeth and segmented combined round tube threshing concave plate was designed. Combined with the physical properties of corn kernels, the relative critical velocity of the mechanical stress damage of the corn, the structural parameters of the optimal threshing element and the optimal gravure combination were determined. Based on the test factors of grain breakage rate and free removal rate, a comparison test was carried out with a conventional threshing rod and grid concave plate. It was determined through experiments that the optimal threshing element was a round head nail (equal height) and the optimal ball head radius was 12.5 mm. The best gravure combination form was the right pipe and straight pipe (front sparse and rear dense). Under the optimal combination of parameters, the grain breakage rate of the threshing device was decreased from 13.73% to 8.64%; the unremoved rate was decreased from 0.6% to 0.2%. The device offered an effective solution for the problem of conventional grid gravure blocked by corn stalks, which met the design requirements and provided theoretical guidance for the design of corn threshing separation. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 25

Main heading: Grain (agricultural product)

Controlled terms: Axial flow? - ?Plates (structural components)

Uncontrolled terms: Critical velocities? - ?Harvesting machines? - ?Low damages? - ?Optimal combination? - ?Separation devices? - ?Structural parameter? - ?Threshing and separating? - ?Vertical axial

Classification code: 408.2 Structural Members and Shapes? - ?631.1 Fluid Flow, General? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 6.00e-01% to 2.00e-01%, Size 1.25e-02m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.04.013

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

17. Grading of Wheat Leaf Rust Based on Edge Detection of Infrared Thermal Imaging

Accession number: 20192407026773

Title of translation:

Authors: Zhu, Wenjing (1, 2); Chen, Hua (3); Li, Lin (1, 2); Wei, Xinhua (1, 2); Mao, Hanping (1, 2); Spaner, D. (3)

Author affiliation: (1) Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology, Ministry of Education, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang; 212013, China; (2) School of Agricultural Equipment Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang; 212013, China; (3) Faculty of Agricultural, Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton; T6G2P5, Canada

Corresponding author: Wei, Xinhua(wxh@ujs.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 36-41 and 48

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Wheat rust has a great harm to wheat production in worldwide. The rapid monitoring and classification of wheat rust is the basis for scientific production and management, and it is also the prerequisite to realize the treatment of wheat rust as soon as possible. In view of the shortcomings of conventional image detection algorithms, a fast detection and classification method based on infrared thermal imaging technology was proposed. Wheat samples were planted in a growth chamber at the University of Alberta, Canada. Growth chamber parameters settings were as following: temperature (max 15, min 11), photoperiod (day 12 h), light intensity (10 000 lx), RH (60%~70%). The spring wheat variety (Peace) was susceptible to rust. The infrared thermal imager brand was FLIR E6, USA. Thermal sensitivity was less than 0.06; FOV was less than 45°ohorizontal×34°overtical; IFOV was 5.2×10-3 rad; IR was 160 pixels×120 pixels. The infrared thermal imaging of the whole wheat samples were collected to calculate the average leaf temperature of the healthy plants, the submersible plants and the symptomatic plants, and the temperature changes during the invasion of the fungi were detected. Infrared thermography can be used to detect leaf temperature drop caused by pathogen infection at 6d of pathogen infection incubation period, which was 7 d ahead of the naked eye observation of leaf rust spores. The Prewitt operator (PO), Sobel operator (SO), Canny operator (CO) and Laplacian operator (LO) were used to extract the edges of visible light images. The edge extraction results of PO and SO on the lesion area was not satisfactory for the complex noise processing, and the boundary gray area was seriously ghosting. LO and CO were too lean for the edges, the detection accuracy was reduced, and the background error was too large. Obviously, the direct use of conventional edge detection operators cannot meet the ultimate goal of rapid classification of diseases. Therefore, a fast detection and classification method based on infrared thermal imaging technology was proposed. The experiment was divided into two kinds of extraction methods: single leaf and whole plant. When the whole plant was extracted, the flower pot was removed and only the wheat plant was kept for extraction. From the results of the whole wheat extraction, the area of the whole plant disease can be extracted successfully by the method of area occupation ratio calculation based on the temperature edge. The error of the regional extraction results of the single leaf focus was slightly larger than that of the single leaf focus, but the final calculation results were satisfactory. The region below the temperature threshold was extracted from the infrared thermal image which was preprocessed by histogram equalization and median filtering. The ratio of lesion area to total area of plant thermography was calculated after three steps, including temperature division, low temperature region extraction and threshold segmentation. Finally, the correlation analysis was carried out with the disease index. The correlation coefficient was 0. 975 5, the root mean square error was 9.79%, and the overall recognition rate was 90%. The research result showed that the wheat leaf rust classification method based on the infrared thermal imaging temperature information was feasible. It provided the theoretical and method basis for the early scientific application and the establishment of more accurate disease identification expert system. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 28

Main heading: Thermography (imaging)

Controlled terms: Classification (of information)? - ?Edge detection? - ?Errors? - ?Expert systems? - ?Extraction? - ?Grading? - ?Light? - ?Mathematical operators? - ?Mean square error? - ?Median filters ? - ?Pixels? - ?Temperature

Uncontrolled terms: Correlation coefficient? - ?Edge-detection operators? - ?Infrared thermal imager? - ?Infrared thermal imaging? - ?Leaf rust? - ?Low temperature regions? - ?Scientific applications? - ?Temperature information

Classification code: 641.1 Thermodynamics? - ?703.2 Electric Filters? - ?716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing? - ?723.4.1 Expert Systems? - ?741.1 Light/Optics? - ?742.1 Photography? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics

Numerical data indexing: Illuminance 1.00e+04lx, Percentage 9.00e+01%, Percentage 9.79e+00%, Time 4.32e+04s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.04.004

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

18. Design and Experiment on Spiral Impurity Cleaning Device for Profile Modeling Residual Plastic Film Collector

Accession number: 20192407026784

Title of translation:

Authors: Jiang, Deli (1); Chen, Xuegeng (1, 2); Yan, Limin (1); Mo, Yisong (3); Yang, Songmei (4)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi; 832003, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Northwest Agricultural Equipment, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shihezi; 832003, China; (3) Changzhou Han-Sun Machinery Co., Ltd., Changzhou; 213034, China; (4) College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun; 130022, China

Corresponding author: Chen, Xuegeng(chenxg130@sina.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 137-145

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: As a kind of recyclable material, the residual film can be recycled and the pollution can be reduced only by separating the residual film from the impurity. However, the residual film, cotton core, cotton rod and other impurities after mechanical recovery are entangled seriously. So it is difficult to separate them, even to make use of resources. Direct incineration or centralized stacking of recovered residual film results in great waste of resources and serious secondary pollution. In order to solve the problem of high impurity content in waste film recovery, a spiral impurity cleaning device was put forward according to the working principle of the profile mode residual film collecting straw crushing combined machine. The structure and working principle of the spiral impurity cleaning device were introduced. The key parts of the device were analyzed and the parameters were designed. The three-dimensional discrete element model of cotton rod, soil and spiral impurity cleaning device was established by using EDEM software. The cleaning and conveying process of cotton rod and soil mixed particles was simulated. Taking the structure parameter pitch, the diameter of helical blade and outlet clearance of the spiral impurity cleaning device as test variables, orthogonal simulation experiments were carried out with mean particle velocity, average longitudinal particle velocity, mass flow rate and total helical axis torque as dependent variables. The influence of three test factors on each index was analyzed, and the order of primary and secondary factors was analyzed. The test results showed that the optimum parameter combination of the spiral impurity cleaning device was as follows: screw pitch was 200 mm, screw blade diameter was 200 mm, and outlet diameter was 220 mm. Under the combination of these parameters, the device was made and assembled with the profile mode residual film recovery straw pulverizing machine. A performance test was carried out in the cotton field. The results showed that the cleaning effect of cotton rod and soil by the equipment was in accordance with the design requirements, and residual film and impurity separation rate was 89.51%. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 26

Main heading: Cleaning

Controlled terms: Cerenkov counters? - ?Cotton? - ?Pollution? - ?Recovery? - ?Screws? - ?Soils? - ?Velocity control? - ?Waste incineration

Uncontrolled terms: Cleaning devices? - ?Dependent variables? - ?Discrete element modeling? - ?Follow up? - ?Particle velocities? - ?Recyclable material? - ?Residual films? - ?Secondary pollution

Classification code: 452.4 Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal? - ?483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?605 Small Tools and Hardware? - ?731.3 Specific Variables Control? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?944.7 Radiation Measuring Instruments

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 8.95e+01%, Size 2.00e-01m, Size 2.20e-01m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.04.015

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

19. Adsorption and Desorption of Layered Double Hydroxide with Phosphorus in Whole Egg Liquid and Its Kinetic Model

Accession number: 20192407026809

Title of translation:

Authors: Chi, Yujie (1); He, Jing (1); Zhao, Ying (2); Ma, Yanqiu (1); An, Ruiqi (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China; (2) College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 346-355

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Whole egg liquid is nutritious, and contains proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, vitamins and other components needed by human body. Based on the demand of low phosphorus’ diet in patients with kidney disease, layered double hydroxide (LDH) adsorption method was used to reduce the phosphorus content of whole egg liquid, aiming to develop a low phosphorus liquid egg product and provide a special diet for patients with kidney disease. The effects of initial phosphorus concentration, adsorption time and the amount of LDH on the quantity of adsorption and solubility at different adsorption temperatures were studied, and the kinetic models were also analyzed. Meanwhile, the effects of volume and desorption time on desorption characteristics of LDH and the reuse of LDH were investigated. The results showed that the quantity of adsorption of phosphorus was proportional to absorption time within 1~7 h, and the values of the quantity of adsorption and solubility were increased with the increase of initial phosphorus concentration at all temperatures (20~45). When the LDH content was 10 g/L, the adsorption degree was good at all temperatures. In the model analysis, Langmuir isothermal model and quasi-second-order kinetic model had high fitting degree, especially at 25 and 30. In the thermodynamic model, ΔG was negative and ΔH was positive, and the adsorption was spontaneous and endothermic. In the desorption experiment, the optimum condition was desorption for 5 h, the ratio of desorption liquid to LDH was 1.00 L/g, and the two times in cyclic utilization could maintain a better adsorption degree. After dephosphorization, the percentages of essential amino acids in total amino acids and in non-essential amino acids were more than 40% and 60%, respectively, which had little effect on protein nutrition. In conclusion, LDH was a suitable adsorptive material for removing phosphorus from whole egg liquid, and can be used for the development of special liquid egg products for patients with kidney disease. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 50

Main heading: Adsorption

Controlled terms: Amino acids? - ?Desorption? - ?Kinetic parameters? - ?Kinetic theory? - ?Liquids? - ?Nutrition? - ?Phosphorus? - ?Proteins? - ?Solubility? - ?Temperature

Uncontrolled terms: Adsorption and desorptions? - ?Adsorption temperature? - ?Desorption characteristics? - ?Layered double hydroxides? - ?Model analysis? - ?Phosphorus adsorption? - ?Phosphorus concentration? - ?Whole eggs

Classification code: 461.7 Health Care? - ?641.1 Thermodynamics? - ?801.4 Physical Chemistry? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations? - ?804 Chemical Products Generally? - ?804.1 Organic Compounds? - ?931 Classical Physics; Quantum Theory; Relativity

Numerical data indexing: Mass_Density 1.00e+01kg/m3, Percentage 4.00e+01%, Percentage 6.00e+01%, Specific_Volume 1.00e+00m3/kg, Time 1.80e+04s, Time 3.60e+03s to 2.52e+04s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.04.040

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

20. Design and Kinematic Analysis of Zero Coupling and Partially Decoupled 3T1R Parallel Mechanism

Accession number: 20192407026813

Title of translation: 3T1R

Authors: Shen, Huiping (1); Xu, Zhengxiao (1); Xu, Ke (1); Deng, Jiaming (1); Yang, Tingli (1)

Author affiliation: (1) Research Center for Advanced Mechanism Theory, Changzhou University, Changzhou; 213016, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 382-392

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: The three-translation and one-rotation (3T1R) parallel manipulator with zero coupling (κ=0) and motion decoupling is not only simple in kinematics and dynamics analysis, but also easy in control. Therefore, its research and development has attracted much attention. Firstly, a novel 3T1R parallel mechanism was designed according to the topological design theory of parallel mechanism based on the position and orientation characteristic (POC) equations and principle of avoiding singularity by using redundant actuation limb. Secondly, the topological structure of POC was analyzed, including POC set, degree of freedom, motion decoupling and coupling degree analysis, which showed that the coupling degree was zero, which had partial motion decoupling. Then, according to the kinematics modeling principle based on the ordered single opened chain (SOC) method proposed by the author, the forward kinematic solution of the parallel mechanism was solved. Thirdly, based on the derived inverse kinematic solution, the workspace, rotational capacity and singularity conditions of the mechanism were analyzed. Meanwhile, the law of velocity and acceleration of the moving platform was given. The curves of velocity and acceleration were given by ADAMS and the numerical values were verified by Matlab based on the derived formulas. The research laid a theoretical foundation for the mechanical design of parallel manipulator, dynamic analysis and prototype development. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 20

Main heading: Mechanisms

Controlled terms: Degrees of freedom (mechanics)? - ?Inverse kinematics? - ?Manipulators? - ?Topology

Uncontrolled terms: Motion decoupling? - ?Parallel mechanisms? - ?Singular positions? - ?Topology design? - ?Workspace

Classification code: 601.3 Mechanisms? - ?921.4 Combinatorial Mathematics, Includes Graph Theory, Set Theory? - ?931.1 Mechanics

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.04.044

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

21. Heating Control Technology of Vacuum Pulse Drying Based on Drying Uniformity

Accession number: 20192407026805

Title of translation:

Authors: Xue, Lingyang (1); Wang, Shumao (1); Mujumdar, A.S. (2); Wang, Jun (1); Yu, Xianlong (1); Gao, Zhenjiang (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Department of Bioresource Engineering, McGill University, Montreal; H9X3V9, Canada

Corresponding author: Gao, Zhenjiang(zjgao@cau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 317-325

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to solve the problem of non-uniformity of material drying caused by difference of heating plate and disturbance of air flow in vacuum pulse drying, a hardware circuit for controlling radiation intensity of heating plate based on zero-crossing trigger control was designed. The control circuit was designed as daisy-chaining connection mode to facilitate installation and expansion. Combining the theory of PID control with outlier detection method in data mining technology, an integral separation PID control strategy for temperature outlier optimization of heating plate was proposed. The control effect of the control system was validated by using the uniform moisture content of the patches as the test material and the uniformity of drying as the evaluation index. The experimental results show that the control system can effectively reduce the difference of radiation intensity between different heating plates. The average temperature control accuracy was ±0.8 and the initial transient time was 120 s. The surface temperature of heating plate can recover quickly after disturbed by air flow disturbance. In terms of drying uniformity, the outlier optimization integral separation PID control was superior to the heating plate independent PID control and the heating plates whole PID control. It can reduce the influence of air disturbance on drying uniformity and improve the drying uniformity of the patches from 90% to more than 95%. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 31

Main heading: Heating

Controlled terms: Air? - ?Control systems? - ?Control theory? - ?Data mining? - ?Drying? - ?Proportional control systems? - ?Radiant heating? - ?Statistics? - ?Three term control systems

Uncontrolled terms: Control strategies? - ?Data mining technology? - ?Hardware circuits? - ?Integral separation PID? - ?Radiation intensity? - ?Surface temperatures? - ?Uniformity? - ?Vacuum pulse

Classification code: 723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing? - ?731.1 Control Systems? - ?804 Chemical Products Generally? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 9.50e+01%, Time 1.20e+02s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.04.036

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

22. Design and Experiment of Herringbone Type Rotary Blade Roller for Burying Stubble in Paddy Field and Dry Land

Accession number: 20192407026775

Title of translation:

Authors: Zhu, Yinghao (1, 2); Zhang, Jumin (1, 2); Zeng, Rong (1, 2); Zhang, Wenliang (1, 2); Yang, Quanjun (1, 2); Xia, Junfang (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan; 430070, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment in Mid-lower Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan; 430070, China

Corresponding author: Xia, Junfang(xjf@mail.hzau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 49-57 and 273

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to deal with the problems of straw returning and soil tillage in multiple cropping rice regions of paddy-upland rotation in mid-lower Yangtze River, and reduce the power consumption and axial force of the existing interlaced-type rotary blade roller, a research about arrangement and structure parameters of the helical blades in combined cutter roller was conducted. Based on the theoretical analysis of the axial force of cutter roller, two arrangements for balancing axial forces were proposed and verified by discrete element software. The simulation results showed that the axial load stability and cutting resistance of herringbone arrangement were better than that of serrated and interlaced type. Based on the principle of herringbone type arrangement, the rotary blades ware rearranged and the supporting cutter plate was designed. In order to further reduce the power consumption of the cutter roller, the mathematical model of cutting soil with helical blades was established. Based on the mathematical model, the influence of installation angle and blade width on cutting resistance and straw burying effect was analyzed, and the optimization of the installation angle and blade width was carried out accordingly. Field tests were carried out to verify the applicability and drag reduction effect of the optimized cutter roller. The testing results showed that the optimized cutter roller was suitable for straw returning and soil tillage for most paddy fields, and the average tillage depth was 18.10 cm, the stability of the tillage depth was 92.75%, the smoothness after tillage was 2.00 cm, and the straw buried rate was 92.60%, which can all meet the design requirements. The results also showed that without reducing the straw buried rate, the power saving range of the herringbone-type rotary blade roller was 0.34%~17.01% compared with the interlaced-type rotary blade roller, and the power saving range of the blade roller assembling helical blades with 50° installation angle was 6.81%~16.46% compared with helical blades with 35° installation angle, which verified that the proposed blade roller can achieve the aim of optimization. The research result provided new technical equipment for the direct full amount of straw returning to the field. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 32

Main heading: Rollers (machine components)

Controlled terms: Agriculture? - ?Axial flow? - ?Electric power utilization? - ?Soil testing? - ?Soils? - ?Turbomachine blades

Uncontrolled terms: Cutting resistance? - ?Helical blades? - ?Herringbone arrangement? - ?Herringbone type cutter roller? - ?Lower yangtze rivers? - ?Multiple cropping rice regions? - ?Structure parameter? - ?Technical equipments

Classification code: 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?601.2 Machine Components? - ?631.1 Fluid Flow, General? - ?706.1 Electric Power Systems? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 9.26e+01%, Percentage 9.28e+01%, Size 1.81e-01m, Size 2.00e-02m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.04.006

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

23. Semi-analytic Algorithm for Forward Displacement Analysis of Six Links Stewart Derivative Configurations

Accession number: 20192407026814

Title of translation: 6Stewart

Authors: Ye, Pengda (1); You, Jingjing (1, 2); Shen, Huiping (3); Wu, Hongtao (2, 4); Li, Chenggang (2, 4)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electronical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing; 210037, China; (2) Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Precision and Micro-manufacturing Technology, Nanjing; 210016, China; (3) School of Mechanical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou; 213016, China; (4) College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing; 210016, China

Corresponding author: You, Jingjing(youjingjing251010@126.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 393-400

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: According to the present problems that the forward displacement analysis of most platform Stewart parallel mechanisms with six links can not be described with whole analytical solutions, and a very few of them can be described with whole analytical solutions and also with these difficulties, including calculation and programming, four kinds of platform Stewart derivative configurations with six links were designed, and a semi-analytic algorithm which combined with numerical method and analytical method was established. By adding six virtual links, the four derivative configurations can be reconstructed into the same kind of 12-6 platform topological configuration. Compatibility equations of reconstructed configuration were derived, and aimed at four kinds of derivative configurations, the numerical solution of the length of the virtual links was derived. Based on the topological relations between feature points on the moving platform, the whole analytical solution of the forward displacement analysis of the reconstructed configuration was derived. Furthermore, the accuracy, efficiency and stability of the semi-analytic algorithm and the traditional numerical method were compared and analyzed respectively. Numerical examples showed that the accuracy and stability of the semi-analytic algorithm was at least two times of that of the traditional numerical method, but the efficiency of the traditional numerical method was seven times of that of the semi-analytic algorithm. Meanwhile, three selection principles of configurations were obtained, which established theoretical foundation for the engineering application of six links parallel mechanism. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 28

Main heading: Numerical methods

Controlled terms: Convergence of numerical methods? - ?Efficiency? - ?Mechanisms? - ?Topology

Uncontrolled terms: Accuracy? - ?Analytic algorithm? - ?Engineering applications? - ?Forward displacement analysis? - ?Parallel mechanisms? - ?Stewart parallel mechanism? - ?Theoretical foundations? - ?Topological configuration

Classification code: 601.3 Mechanisms? - ?913.1 Production Engineering? - ?921.4 Combinatorial Mathematics, Includes Graph Theory, Set Theory? - ?921.6 Numerical Methods

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.04.045

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

24. Effect of Impeller Edge Structure on Torque Characteristics of Differential Pump

Accession number: 20192407026816

Title of translation:

Authors: Xu, Gaohuan (1); Zhao, Huacheng (1); Liu, Wu (1); Xie, Rongsheng (1)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Mechanicaland Automotive Engineering, Zhejiang University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Hangzhou; 310018, China

Corresponding author: Xu, Gaohuan(6787135@qq.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 413-419

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: The differential pump driven by Fourier non-circular gears has obvious periodic impact phenomenon under load condition, but it does not exist under no-load condition. In order to reduce the impact under load conditions and improve the stability of differential pump, a numerical calculation model of differential pump was established, and the fluid-solid coupling calculation of flow field and driving non-circular gear of differential pump was carried out by numerical calculation method. The calculation results showed that there was a sudden change in the impeller’s torque at the instant of alternating suction and discharge conditions of differential pump. The main reason was the water hammer effect formed when the blade rotated to the inlet and outlet and closed or opened. In order to reduce the impact, micro-rounded edges of differential pump blades were processed to form a flow field transition zone. The simulation results showed that the periodic torque mutation of the input shaft of the optimized blades was reduced by at least 21.58%, and the pressure distribution of the suction and drainage chambers was more uniform. By verification, it was confirmed that the edge of the differential pump blade had a great influence on the torque characteristics. The maximum variation of the two impellers’ torque was decreased by 51.20% on average. And the optimization of the edge roundness had a great effect on reducing the water hammer effect and improving the impeller torque characteristics. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 24

Main heading: Torque

Controlled terms: Flow fields? - ?Gears? - ?Impellers? - ?Numerical methods? - ?Pumps? - ?Structure (composition)? - ?Water hammer

Uncontrolled terms: Differential pumps? - ?Discharge conditions? - ?Fluid-solid coupling? - ?Non-circular gears? - ?Numerical calculation methods? - ?Numerical calculation model? - ?Torque characteristic? - ?Water hammer effects

Classification code: 601.2 Machine Components? - ?618.2 Pumps? - ?631.1 Fluid Flow, General? - ?632.2 Hydraulic Equipment and Machinery? - ?921.6 Numerical Methods? - ?931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids? - ?951 Materials Science

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 2.16e+01%, Percentage 5.12e+01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.04.047

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

25. Effect of Compound Modes of Plasma Discharge and Catalysts on Bio-oil Upgrading

Accession number: 20192407026802

Title of translation:

Authors: Fan, Yongsheng (1); Wang, Jiawei (1); Zhu, Lei (2); Fan, Lele (2); Zhao, Weidong (3); Ji, Wei (1)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Automotive Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng; 224051, China; (2) Key Laboratory for Advanced Technology in Environmental Protection of Jiangsu Province, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng; 224051, China; (3) School of Automotive and Traffic Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang; 212013, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 290-297

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to effectively improve the bio-oil upgrading efficiency, the non-thermal plasma technology was introduced to conduct the online upgrading of bio-oil based on the HZSM-5 and Ti/HZSM-5 catalysis. The effects of different compound modes, including the plasma synergistic catalysis (PSC) and the plasma enhanced catalysis (PEC), on the refined bio-oil yields, physicochemical properties, compositions and catalyst stability were investigated in detail. The results showed that the production of refined bio-oil was gradually decreased with the introduction of Ti ions and plasma-discharge technology, in which the yield of refined bio-oil obtained from Ti/HZSM-5(PEC) catalysis was only 13.84%, but the distribution of hydrocarbons was obviously improved. In comparison, the total hydrocarbon content in the refined bio-oil obtained from Ti/HZSM-5(PSC) catalysis was slightly lower, but the product ratio with higher ratio of hydrogen to carbon was high as 68.89%, so its physicochemical properties were better and the high heating value was up to 36.52 MJ/kg. In the PSC method, the impact of plasma on the surface of catalyst was stronger, which made the coking rate of catalyst relatively low, so the coking content of Ti/HZSM-5 employed in the PSC method was the lowest (integral area of 5.24%) and the catalytic stability was the highest. In general, the PSC method was superior to the PEC method based on the catalytic action of Ti/HZSM-5. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 26

Main heading: Electric discharges

Controlled terms: Catalysis? - ?Catalysts? - ?Hydrocarbons? - ?Petroleum refining? - ?Physicochemical properties? - ?Plasma stability? - ?Titanium compounds

Uncontrolled terms: Bio oil? - ?Catalyst stability? - ?Catalytic stability? - ?Catalytic upgrading? - ?Compound mode? - ?High heating values? - ?Synergistic catalysis? - ?Total hydrocarbon contents

Classification code: 513.1 Petroleum Refining, General? - ?701.1 Electricity: Basic Concepts and Phenomena? - ?802.2 Chemical Reactions? - ?803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals? - ?804 Chemical Products Generally? - ?804.1 Organic Compounds? - ?932.3 Plasma Physics

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.38e+01%, Percentage 5.24e+00%, Percentage 6.89e+01%, Specific_Energy 3.65e+07J/kg

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.04.033

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

26. Experiment and Analysis of Cutting Mechanical Properties of Millet Stem

Accession number: 20192407026785

Title of translation:

Authors: Zhang, Yanqing (1); Cui, Qingliang (1); Guo, Yuming (1); Li, Hongbo (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu; 030801, China

Corresponding author: Cui, Qingliang(qlcui@126.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 146-155 and 162

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to reduce the cutting force and energy of millet stem, the reciprocating cutting test bench was developed to carry out the single factor cutting tests in different harvesting dates, stem region, combination of cutter, cutting inclination angle, blade oblique angle, average cutting speed and stem feeding speed. The response tests were carried out for three factors: average cutting speed, cutting inclination angle and blade oblique angle based on the single factor tests. The results of single factor tests showed that the cutting stress and unit area cutting energy were decreased with the increase of moisture content during harvest period. The cutting stress and unit area cutting energy were decreased with the increase of stem height, and the cutting stress and unit area cutting energy of internodes were lower than those of nodes. The cutting stress and unit area cutting energy of double-support cutting form were lower than those of single-support cutting form. When the cutting inclination angle was 0°~20°, the cutting stress and unit area cutting energy was firstly decreased and then increased with the increase of cutting inclination angle. When the blade oblique angle was 0°~48°, the cutting stress was decreased with the increase of blade oblique angle, but the unit area cutting energy was decreased firstly and then increased. When the average cutting speed was 0.5~1.5 m/s, the cutting stress and unit area cutting energy were decreased firstly and then changed steadily with the increase of average cutting speed. The stem feeding speed had no significant effect on the cutting mechanical properties of the millet stem. The results of the response test showed that the order of three factors affecting the cutting stress and unit area cutting energy were as follows: average cutting speed, blade oblique angle and cutting inclination angle. The optimal cutting parameters were the average cutting speed of 1.19 m/s, the cutting inclination angle of 7.2°and the blade oblique angle of 36.4°. Under the optimal parameters combination, the cutting stress and unit area cutting energy were 2.88 MPa and 22.38 mJ/mm2, respectively, and the relative error between verification test value and predicted value was less than 3.5%. The comparative test showed that the cutting stress and unit area cutting energy were reduced by 6.6% and 3.9%, respectively, when the blade oblique angle was 36.4° compared with that was 30° (standard type moving blade). ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 33

Main heading: Cutting

Controlled terms: Cutting tools? - ?Experiments? - ?Mechanical properties? - ?Speed? - ?Testing

Uncontrolled terms: Comparative tests? - ?Experiment and analysis? - ?Harvesting dates? - ?Inclination angles? - ?Optimal cutting parameters? - ?Optimal parameter? - ?Relative errors? - ?Verification tests

Classification code: 603.2 Machine Tool Accessories? - ?901.3 Engineering Research? - ?951 Materials Science

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 3.50e+00%, Percentage 3.90e+00%, Percentage 6.60e+00%, Pressure 2.88e+06Pa, Velocity 1.19e+00m/s, Velocity 5.00e-01m/s to 1.50e+00m/s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.04.016

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

27. Experiment on Dry Soil Water Restoration in Deep Layer

Accession number: 20192407026798

Title of translation:

Authors: Tian, Lu (1, 2); Zhang, Jingxiao (3); Gao, Jian’en (1, 4); Dong, Jianguo (1, 4); Wang, Youke (1, 4)

Author affiliation: (1) Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China; (2) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100049, China; (3) College of Water Conservancy Engineering, Hebei University of Water Resources and Electric Engineering, Cangzhou; 061000, China; (4) College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China

Corresponding author: Wang, Youke(gjzwyk@vip.sina.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 255-262

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to explore the soil water recovery under deep ground cover in the loess hilly region, a simulated soil column with depth of 1 000 cm and diameter of 80 cm was constructed in the hilly hills of northern Shaanxi, and there were six treatments of surface: the film mulching was provided with 16 small holes with an asymmetric diameter of about 2 mm for rainwater to enter and regularly updated every year; the stone mulching was uniform graveled with diameter from 2 cm to 5 cm, covering a thickness of 10 cm; the branch mulching was cut jujube branches, the length was about 10 cm, evenly covered after drying, the thickness was 10 cm; bare land without any covered; planting jujube with a diameter of 1 cm and height of 50 cm, without any other covering measures, regularly removed weeds; planting locust with a diameter of 1 cm and a height of 50 cm, without any other covering measures, regularly removed weeds. Soil moisture content of sloping farmland was taken as reference. Analysis of the positioning monitoring data for 2014-2017 showed that at the end of the trial period, taking the average water content of sloping farmland as the recovery target, the film mulching, stone mulching, branch mulching and bare soil moisture recovery depth was 1 000 cm, 1 000 cm, 700 cm and 480 cm; taking the actual soil water content of sloping farmland as the recovery target, the film mulching and stone mulching soil moisture recovery depth was 1 000 cm, the branch mulching recovery depth was 740 cm, and the bare land recovery depth was 440 cm. From the degree of recovery, the results were consistent. The water storage capacities of film mulching, stone mulching, branch mulching, bare land, jujube tree and locust were increased by 1 211.4 mm, 853.4 mm, 662.5 mm, 523.2 mm, 17.8 mm and -235.7 mm, respectively. The precipitation storage efficiency were 63.4%, 42.4%, 29.4%, 23.0%, -8.5% and -20.3%, respectively. The water consumption area of four years old jujube was ranged from 0 cm to 300 cm, its annual average evapotranspiration was 586.4 mm, locust consumed water up to 1 000 cm, and its annual average evapotranspiration was 666.5 mm, which was 1.1 times of jujube. The research result had positive significance for the large-area dry soil restoration in the loess area and the rational selection of artificially planted plants. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 34

Main heading: Soil moisture

Controlled terms: Digital storage? - ?Evapotranspiration? - ?Farms? - ?Recovery? - ?Restoration? - ?Sediments? - ?Water content? - ?Water supply

Uncontrolled terms: Coverage mulching? - ?Loess hilly regions? - ?Soil desiccations? - ?Soil water? - ?Soil water content

Classification code: 446.1 Water Supply Systems? - ?483 Soil Mechanics and Foundations? - ?483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?722.1 Data Storage, Equipment and Techniques? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control

Numerical data indexing: Percentage -2.03e+01%, Percentage -8.50e+00%, Percentage 2.30e+01%, Percentage 2.94e+01%, Percentage 4.24e+01%, Percentage 6.34e+01%, Size -2.36e-01m, Size 0.00e+00m to 3.00e+00m, Size 1.00e+01m, Size 1.00e-01m, Size 1.00e-02m, Size 1.78e-02m, Size 2.00e-02m to 5.00e-02m, Size 2.00e-03m, Size 2.11e-01m, Size 4.40e+00m, Size 5.00e-01m, Size 5.23e-01m, Size 5.86e-01m, Size 6.62e-01m, Size 6.66e-01m, Size 7.00e+00m, Size 7.40e+00m, Size 8.00e-01m, Size 8.53e-01m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.04.029

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

28. Reaction Mechanism and Interphase Mass Transfer of CO2 from Biogas by Hot Potassium Carbonate Solvent

Accession number: 20192407026801

Title of translation: CO2

Authors: Zhang, Liangquan (1); Zheng, Maoying (1); Mao, Yanhao (1); Gai, Xikun (1); Yang, Ruiqin (1); Shan, Shengdao (1)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou; 310023, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 283-289

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Through chemical equilibrium thermodynamics analysis of CO2 gas-liquid absorption process, the number of independent reactions in the absorption reaction system was calculated and a four-independent reaction hypothesis was presented. According to the calculation of the independent reaction equilibrium constants, ionization of H2CO3 into H+ and HCO3- was postulated. Although the equilibrium constant was 6.018 9×10-7, the concentration of H+ ions was still very low due to the large presence of CO32- ions in the solution, such that the ionization degree of H2CO3 can not be ignored. Moreover, it was proposed that the reaction mechanism of CO2 gas-liquid absorption was a serial-parallel complex. The absorption rate of CO2 was believed to be determined by its parallel reactions with H2O and OH-. Meanwhile, the critical roles of CO32- ions were analyzed in great detail. Firstly, the interaction between H+ and CO32- directly promoted the absorption of CO2; secondly, the concentration of OH- ions in solution was increased as the decrease of concentration of H+ ions. The latter indirectly accelerated the reaction rate between CO2 and OH- ions. A dual-drive reactor was used to study the gas-liquid mass transfer process in H2O-CO2 system and the main conclusions were as following: when the gas phase stirring rate reached above 140 r/min, the mass transfer resistance of the gas film can be negligible; based on the linear regression analysis, the relationship between the liquid mass transfer coefficient and the speed of liquid phase stirring paddle was verified and the regression correlation was obtained. By calculating the residual, the maximum value was 11.312%, and the correlation was considered to be robust. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 23

Main heading: Carbon dioxide

Controlled terms: Biogas? - ?Chemical analysis? - ?Equilibrium constants? - ?Gas absorption? - ?Gases? - ?Ionization of gases? - ?Ions? - ?Liquids? - ?Mass transfer? - ?Potash ? - ?Regression analysis

Uncontrolled terms: Carbon dioxide absorption? - ?Chemical equilibriums? - ?Dual drives? - ?Gas-liquid mass transfer? - ?Independent reaction? - ?Inter-phase mass transfer? - ?Mass transfer resistances? - ?Reaction equilibrium constants

Classification code: 522 Gas Fuels? - ?641.3 Mass Transfer? - ?802.2 Chemical Reactions? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations? - ?804.2 Inorganic Compounds? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.13e+01%, Rotational_Speed 1.40e+02RPM

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.04.032

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

29. Design and Test of Operation Quality Monitoring System for Small Grain Electric Seeder

Accession number: 20192407026778

Title of translation:

Authors: Qiu, Zhaomei (1, 2); Zhang, Weipeng (1); Zhao, Bo (3); Ji, Jiangtao (1); Jin, Xin (1, 2); He, Zhitao (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Agricultural Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang; 471003, China; (2) Collaborative Innovation Center of Machinery Equipment Advanced Manufacturing of Henan Province, Luoyang; 471003, China; (3) Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Sciences, Beijing; 100083, China

Corresponding author: Jin, Xin(jx.771@163.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 77-83

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to realize the real-time monitoring of the operation process of vegetable small seed electric seeder and improve the intelligent level of the small seed seeder, a small-grain seed electric seeder with detection function was designed by using photoelectric sensor with surface detection characteristics and visual sensor with image acquisition effect, which can complete the functions of seeding, missing seeding monitoring and seeding display, at the same time, monitoring the seeding situation and collection. The measured data can be stored and managed effectively, and the operation of the electric seeder can be analyzed later. The results showed that the accuracy rate of seeding quality monitoring system was more than 96%, the accuracy rate was over 92.3%. In the test of the image sensor, the monitoring accuracy was more than 95% when the seeding velocity was 3.0 km/h and 4.5 km/h, respectively. Visual Basic 6.0 software was used to equip the operation interface for the monitoring system. In the process of operation, the monitoring system can be controlled in real time, and the counting of seeding, missing seeding and real-time image of seeding can be displayed on the display screen. The research solved the problem that manual was difficult to monitor the sowing quality in real-time, and improved the sowing quality and work efficiency of the seeder. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 27

Main heading: Monitoring

Controlled terms: Image enhancement? - ?Sensors? - ?Visual BASIC

Uncontrolled terms: Detection functions? - ?Electric seeder? - ?Leakage alarms? - ?Monitoring accuracy? - ?Monitoring system? - ?Operation interface? - ?Photoelectric sensors? - ?Real time monitoring

Classification code: 723.1.1 Computer Programming Languages

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 9.23e+01%, Percentage 9.50e+01%, Percentage 9.60e+01%, Velocity 1.25e+00m/s, Velocity 8.33e-01m/s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.04.009

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

30. Crop Canopy Temperature Extraction Based on Thermal Infrared Remote Sensing Images

Accession number: 20192407026792

Title of translation:

Authors: Zhang, Hongming (1, 2); Wang, Jiajia (1); Han, Wenting (3); Li, Shuqin (1, 2); Wang, Hongyan (2, 4); Fu, Zhenyu (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Information Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China; (2) Ningxia Smart Agricultural Industry Technology Collaborative Innovation Center, Yinchuan; 750004, China; (3) College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China; (4) West Electronic Business Co., Ltd., Yinchuan; 750004, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 203-210

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: For the low resolution of thermal infrared image, the crop canopy area can not be accurately extracted, and accurate canopy temperature can not be obtained. Maize in the jointing stage was taken as research object, and the thermal infrared image and orthophoto were obtained by using the UAV equipped with thermal infrared imager and the Dajiang Elf Pro UAV. Based on high-resolution orthophotos, the improved Canny edge detection operator, support vector machine (SVM) and wavelet transform were used to extract the maize canopy region, and the classification results were binarized in thermal infrared imaging. The maize canopy temperature was extracted by using the mask generated by the binarization result. The extracted vector surface analysis extraction effect was applied and the accuracy of the three extraction algorithms was evaluated. The experimental results showed that the effects of the three methods from strong to weak were as follows: improved Canny edge detection operator, SVM and wavelet transform; the extraction accuracy was 87.3%, 74.5% and 68.2%, respectively. At the same time, the error analysis of the maize canopy temperature measured by the hand-held thermometer and the extracted canopy temperature was performed. The experimental results showed that the correlation between the canopy temperature extracted by the three algorithms and the measured temperature of the ground from strong to weak was as follows: 0.929 5, 0.895 7 and 0.876 0. The improved Canny edge detection operator can better extract the maize canopy area and obtain more accurate maize canopy temperature, so as to more effectively monitor the physiological status of maize, predict drought, and formulate reasonable irrigation and fertilization measures to increase maize yield. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 32

Main heading: Image enhancement

Controlled terms: Crops? - ?Edge detection? - ?Extraction? - ?Infrared radiation? - ?Remote sensing? - ?Support vector machines? - ?Surface analysis? - ?Thermography (imaging)? - ?Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)? - ?Wavelet transforms

Uncontrolled terms: Canopy temperature? - ?Classification results? - ?Improved canny? - ?Ortho photos? - ?Thermal infrared imager? - ?Thermal infrared images? - ?Thermal infrared imaging? - ?Thermal infrared remote sensing

Classification code: 652.1 Aircraft, General? - ?723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications? - ?741.1 Light/Optics? - ?742.1 Photography? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?921.3 Mathematical Transformations? - ?951 Materials Science

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 6.82e+01%, Percentage 7.45e+01%, Percentage 8.73e+01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.04.023

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

31. Simultaneous Optimization of Layout and Pipe Diameter for Pumping Micro-irrigation Pipe Network System

Accession number: 20192407026796

Title of translation:

Authors: Ma, Penghui (1); Liu, Hansheng (1); Hu, Yajin (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China

Corresponding author: Liu, Hansheng(hanshengliu@126.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 236-244

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: The problem of selecting the best pattern of layout and pipe diameter of each pipe in the micro-irrigation pipe network system has long been given considerable attention by engineers and obtained numerous research results. Micro-irrigation pipe network system is composed of rotational irrigation network (manifold and lateral) and continuous irrigation network (main and submain pipe). Previous studies did not treat micro-irrigation pipe network system as an integral and can not realize the simultaneous optimization of layout and pipe diameter combination. In addition, research results can not be applied to the optimization of pumping micro-irrigation pipe network system for large irrigation area. The optimization method of pumping micro-irrigation pipe network system was proposed. The mathematical models of rotational irrigation network and continuous irrigation network were established. The best control area, layout and pipe diameter of rotational and continuous irrigation network can be obtained simultaneously by solving the mathematical model with dual coding genetic algorithm. Commercial pipe diameters can be obtained through the optimization without adjustment. Examples showed that the algorithm was of good convergence and high precision on optimization problem of pumping micro-irrigation pipe network system. Compared with the traditional design scheme, the annual total cost per unit irrigated area of optimized design scheme for rotational irrigation network was reduced by 14.85%~35.59%, and the annual total cost per unit irrigated area of optimized design scheme for continuous irrigation network was reduced by 4.12%~12.99%. The simultaneous optimization method of layout and pipe diameter can be applied to the optimal design of pumping micro-irrigation pipe network system on uniformly sloping fields which with sufficient water source. The research result had important theoretical value and practical significance in the optimization of pumping micro-irrigation pipe network system for large irrigation area. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 22

Main heading: Irrigation

Controlled terms: Genetic algorithms? - ?Optimal systems? - ?Piping systems? - ?Pumps

Uncontrolled terms: Irrigation Networks? - ?Microirrigation? - ?Optimal design? - ?Optimal layout? - ?Optimization method? - ?Optimization problems? - ?Simultaneous optimization? - ?Theoretical values

Classification code: 618.2 Pumps? - ?619.1 Pipe, Piping and Pipelines? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods? - ?961 Systems Science

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.04.027

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

32. Ridge Regression Model for Estimating Pine Wilt Disease Based on Hyperspectral Characteristics

Accession number: 20192407026791

Title of translation:

Authors: Zhang, Sulan (1, 2); Huang, Jinlong (1); Qin, Lin (3); Li, Hongqun (4)

Author affiliation: (1) Institute of Big Data and Intelligent Engineering, Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing; 408100, China; (2) Centre for Horticultural Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane; 4072, Australia; (3) College of Electronic Information Engineering, Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing; 408100, China; (4) Hyperspectral Remote Sensing Monitoring Center for Ecological Environment of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing; 408100, China

Corresponding author: Huang, Jinlong(jinlong@yznu.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 196-202

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Pine wilt disease (PWD) caused by the pine wood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, is considered as the most destructive forest-invasive alien species and may cause serious economic losses. A ridge regression model was proposed based on the hyperspectral characteristics to estimate the degrees of pine wilt disease for Pinus massoniana in Yongsheng forest of Chongqing, Southwest China. The spectral reflectance and quantitated pet levels for Pinus massoniana were measured from June to August 2017. And then the ridge trace analysis was operated on 14 spectral characteristics, which covered maximum and sum of reflectance ranging in green region (490~560 nm), yellow region (560~590 nm), red region (620~680 nm), red edge (680~780 nm), near-infrared region (780~1 100 nm), as well as the reflectance height of green peak (500~670 nm) and absorption depth of red valley (560~760 nm). Furthermore, the hyperspectral characteristic parameters with less collinearity were selected to construct the estimation model of PWD with ridge regression. The results demonstrated that ridge trace curves for the maximum of reflectance in red edge, near-infrared region, the sum of reflectance in the red edge, near-infrared region, as well as absorption depth of red valley were stable, which were not close to zero. Therefore, those five spectral characteristics could be considered in ridge regression modeling; when the ridge trace parameter k was 0.2, the ridge traces of the above five hyperspectral characteristic parameters became stable, and then the ridge regression coefficients were calculated. Finally, a regression estimation model of PWD was built with determination coefficient R2 of 0.868 6, root-mean-square error (RMSE) of 0.273 5, and average estimation accuracy of 87.15%. The research provided both scientific support and application reference for monitoring forest pet disease with remote sensing technology. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 24

Main heading: Regression analysis

Controlled terms: Forestry? - ?Infrared devices? - ?Losses? - ?Mean square error? - ?Reflection? - ?Remote sensing

Uncontrolled terms: Evaluation modeling? - ?Hyper-spectral characteristics? - ?Pine wilt disease? - ?Pinus massoniana? - ?Ridge regression

Classification code: 911.2 Industrial Economics? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 8.72e+01%, Size 4.90e-07m to 5.60e-07m, Size 5.00e-07m to 6.70e-07m, Size 5.60e-07m to 5.90e-07m, Size 5.60e-07m to 7.60e-07m, Size 6.20e-07m to 6.80e-07m, Size 6.80e-07m to 7.80e-07m, Size 7.80e-07m to 1.10e-06m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.04.022

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

33. Classification Method of Grassland Species Based on Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Remote Sensing and Convolutional Neural Network

Accession number: 20192407026790

Title of translation:

Authors: Yang, Hongyan (1, 2); Du, Jianmin (1); Wang, Yuan (1); Zhang, Yanbin (1); Zhang, Xipeng (1); Kang, Yongchao (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot; 010018, China; (2) College of Mechanical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Huhhot; 010051, China

Corresponding author: Du, Jianmin(nndjwc202@imau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 188-195

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Grassland degradation is an ecological problem facing the world. Investigating the species composition and species distribution of grassland is extremely important for judging the degradation process of grassland. At present, satellite remote sensing technology is difficult to meet the requirements of grassland species level classification due to the limitation of spatial resolution. Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) hyperspectral remote sensing technology provides images of centimeter level spatial resolution and nanoscale spectral resolution required for grassland species classification. Based on the UAV hyperspectral imaging remote sensing system, the hyperspectral image data of low and mixed growth desert grassland degradation indicator species were collected in the 400~1 000 nm spectral range. Flight experiments were carried out at the flowering, fruiting and yellow blight periods of the degraded indicator species. The flying height was 30 m and the ground resolution of the hyperspectral image was about 2.3 cm. Based on the combination of feature bands extraction and deep learning convolutional neural network (CNN), a method for classification of desert grassland species was proposed. The recommended phenological phase of species classification of desert grassland in central Inner Mongolia, China, was given in combination with plant phenology. The overall classification accuracy and Kappa coefficient reached 94% and 0. 91, respectively. The results showed that the UAV hyperspectral imaging remote sensing technology and deep CNN can better classify the indicator species of desert grassland degradation. Compared with the support vector machine based on radial basis kernel function and the deep CNN based on principal component analysis, the deep CNN classification based on feature bands selection had the best effect and the highest classification accuracy. The method of CNN and the low-altitude remote sensing of UAV equipped with hyperspectral imager provided a new way to classify grassland species. The research result provided characteristic parameters for the judgment of grassland degradation succession process, and quantitative indicators for grassland ecological restoration management. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 36

Main heading: Remote sensing

Controlled terms: Antennas? - ?Classification (of information)? - ?Convolution? - ?Deep learning? - ?Ecology? - ?Forestry? - ?Hyperspectral imaging? - ?Image resolution? - ?Landforms? - ?Neural networks ? - ?Principal component analysis? - ?Spectroscopy? - ?Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)

Uncontrolled terms: Convolutional neural network? - ?Desert grassland? - ?Hyperspectral image datas? - ?Hyperspectral remote sensing? - ?Hyperspectral remote sensing technology? - ?Indicator species? - ?Remote sensing technology? - ?Satellite remote sensing

Classification code: 454.3 Ecology and Ecosystems? - ?481.1 Geology? - ?652.1 Aircraft, General? - ?716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 9.40e+01%, Size 2.30e-02m, Size 3.00e+01m, Size 4.00e-07m to 1.00e-06m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.04.021

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

34. Separation of Corn Stover Cellulose by Phosphoric Acid Combined with Alkaline Hydrogen Peroxide

Accession number: 20192407026803

Title of translation:

Authors: Xiao, Weihua (1); Zhao, Guanglu (1); Nong, Zhisong (1); Du, Zeyu (1); Lü, Xue (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 298-308

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In the traditional corn stover cellulose separation process, it is generally treated with strong acid such as sulfuric acid, which has strong acid corrosion and large alkali consumption. Based on this, the treatment of phosphoric acid pretreatment combined with alkaline hydrogen peroxide was studied, and the changes of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin contents in corn stover during the treatment were investigated. The optimum process was optimized by single factor experiments: phosphoric acid treatment temperature of 150, treatment time of 1.5 h, phosphoric acid concentration of 1.67%, sodium hydroxide concentration of 1.0%, hydrogen peroxide concentration of 2.0%, treatment temperature of 50, treatment time of 3 h, the yield of cellulose obtained from corn stalk under this condition was 89.02%, hemicellulose removal rate was 93.25%, lignin removal rate was 95.18%, the purity of the cellulose reached 90.19%. Meanwhile, a high secondary value product can be obtained in the filtrate obtained by the phosphoric acid treatment process, including xylose of 68.72%, arabicose of 65.14% and furfural of 30.25%. The characterization of the raw materials and the treated materials showed that the phosphoric acid treatment can effectively remove the hemicellulose and the alkaline hydrogen peroxide treatment can remove lignin components. The cellulose crystal form was not changed, but the crystallinity was increased significantly, and the thermal stability was increased. In addition to obtaining high-purity cellulose, the use of this pre-acid post-base treatment can also give high added value as a by-product of xylose and furfural. The research laid a theoretical foundation for the efficient utilization of corn stover cellulose. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 48

Main heading: Cellulose

Controlled terms: Aldehydes? - ?Corrosion? - ?Crystallinity? - ?Furfural? - ?Hydrogen peroxide? - ?Lignin? - ?Oxidation? - ?Peroxides? - ?Phosphoric acid? - ?Sodium hydroxide

Uncontrolled terms: Corn stover? - ?Hydrogen peroxide concentration? - ?Hydrogen peroxide treatment? - ?Phosphoric acid treatments? - ?Single-factor experiments? - ?Sodium hydroxide concentration? - ?Theoretical foundations? - ?Treatment temperature

Classification code: 802.2 Chemical Reactions? - ?804.1 Organic Compounds? - ?804.2 Inorganic Compounds? - ?811.3 Cellulose, Lignin and Derivatives

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.00e+00%, Percentage 1.67e+00%, Percentage 2.00e+00%, Percentage 3.02e+01%, Percentage 6.51e+01%, Percentage 6.87e+01%, Percentage 8.90e+01%, Percentage 9.02e+01%, Percentage 9.32e+01%, Percentage 9.52e+01%, Time 1.08e+04s, Time 5.40e+03s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.04.034

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

35. Thermal Equilibrium Test of Machine Tool Spindle Based on Modified Adaptive Fading Unscented Kalman Filter

Accession number: 20192407026811

Title of translation: UKF

Authors: Yu, Wenli (1); Deng, Xiaolei (2, 3); Yao, Xinhua (2); Fu, Jianzhong (2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Quzhou College of Technology, Quzhou; 324000, China; (2) Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Process and Equipment of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou; 310027, China; (3) Zhejiang Yonglida CNC Technology Co., Ltd., Quzhou; 324000, China

Corresponding author: Fu, Jianzhong(fjz@zju.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 363-373

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Thermal equilibrium test of CNC machine tool spindle is a necessary step in thermal error modeling and compensating, and also an experimental method to obtain the thermal characteristics of spindle system, such as the thermal sensitive points, the data of temperature field and thermal-displacement field and so on. A novel method was presented for fast identification of a machine tool spindle temperature rise, based on a modified adaptive fading unscented Kalman filter (AFUKF). Firstly, a fading factor was introduced into the normal UKF. This factor can be automatically updated by using the residual normalization, and it was also introduced into the gain matrix to reduce the influence of system model deviation on estimation accuracy and enhance the stability of the filter. Secondly, by using adaptive law, the process noise and measurement noise covariance matrix were dynamically adjusted to reduce the influence of external disturbance on temperature rise prediction, so that the better filtering performance can be obtained. A vertical machine tool was used to validate the effectiveness of the presented method. Taking any selected point, we could identify the temperature rise at the point in 28 min. The root mean square error (RMSE) between the estimated and measured temperatures in the period of 400 min was 0.129 1, and the error between the estimated and measured steady-state temperature was 0.097. The simulation experiments showed that the method of fast identification of machine tool spindle temperature rise can predict the temperature rise of the selected point in a short time, and the prediction results were in good agreement with the results of thermal equilibrium test. The feasibility and validity of the method were verified, and it can greatly improve the efficiency of thermal equilibrium test. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 26

Main heading: Machine tools

Controlled terms: Adaptive filtering? - ?Computer control systems? - ?Covariance matrix? - ?Errors? - ?Forecasting? - ?Kalman filters? - ?Mean square error? - ?Testing? - ?Thermodynamics

Uncontrolled terms: Cnc machine tool spindles? - ?CNC machine tools? - ?Measurement noise covariance matrix? - ?Root mean square errors? - ?Steady-state temperature? - ?Temperature rise? - ?Thermal equilibriums? - ?Unscented Kalman Filter

Classification code: 603.1 Machine Tools, General? - ?641.1 Thermodynamics? - ?723.5 Computer Applications? - ?921 Mathematics? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics

Numerical data indexing: Time 1.68e+03s, Time 2.40e+04s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.04.042

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

36. Algorithm Implementation and Precision Analysis of Forest BDS/GPS Combined Positioning

Accession number: 20192407026794

Title of translation: BDS/GPS

Authors: Yan, Fei (1); Wang, Chunbo (2); Wu, Yongrui (1); Lin, Yicheng (1); Feng, Zhongke (1)

Author affiliation: (1) Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Hebei Province Bureau of Coal Geology Geological Team, Xingtai; 054000, China

Corresponding author: Feng, Zhongke(fengzhongke@126.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 221-227 and 373

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In view of the need to achieve high-precision positioning and navigation in forest resources investigation and monitoring, taking the experimental area with cork ridge as main tree species in the Jiufeng National Forest Park, and the Sanding T-23 multi-frequency Samsung receiver and u-blox NEO-M8T multi-receiving modules to carry out a four-hour positioning observation on the observation points in the forest, and the forest BDS/GPS combined positioning algorithm was established by using BDS and GPS observation data through unifying time and space between systems as well as reasonable observation weights. Afterwards, the algorithm was put into the RTKLIB software to realize three-dimensional coordinate calculation of forest observation points (WGS-84 coordinate system), and finally the results were compared and analyzed with single GPS positioning results. The experimental results showed that the visible digits of forest BDS/GPS combined positioning satellites was 15~23, which was much higher than the visible digits of single GPS positioning satellites (the number was 11). The BDS/GPS combined positioning PDOP value was between 0. 5 and 1. 8, which was lower than that of the single GPS positioning PDOP value, but the changing trend was relatively similar. The SNR values of BDS/GPS combined positioning and GPS positioning satellite were both 10~50 dB. However, due to the more visible digits of BDS/GPS combined positioning satellites, the satellite signal was stronger and the SNR value was more stable. The theoretical accuracy of the BDS/GPS combined positioning results in the X, Y and Z directions respectively were 2.603 m, 3.302 m and 3.125 m, and the theoretical accuracy of the single GPS positioning results in the X, Y and Z directions were 2.382 m, 4.669 m and 4.344 m. The actual accuracy of BDS/GPS combined positioning results in X, Y and Z directions were 3.112 m, 3.542 m and 4.073 m, and in terms of the single GPS positioning result, it turned out to be 4.946 m, 5.254 m and 7.274 m. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 30

Main heading: Global positioning system

Controlled terms: Forestry? - ?Satellites? - ?Tracking (position)

Uncontrolled terms: Algorithm implementation? - ?Co-ordinate system? - ?Combined positioning? - ?High precision positioning? - ?Precision analysis? - ?Satellite signals? - ?Theoretical accuracy? - ?Three dimensional coordinate

Classification code: 655.2 Satellites

Numerical data indexing: Decibel 1.00e+01dB to 5.00e+01dB, Size 2.38e+00m, Size 2.60e+00m, Size 3.11e+00m, Size 3.12e+00m, Size 3.30e+00m, Size 3.54e+00m, Size 4.07e+00m, Size 4.34e+00m, Size 4.67e+00m, Size 4.95e+00m, Size 5.25e+00m, Size 7.27e+00m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.04.025

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

37. Optimal Water Allocation of Irrigation District Based on Interval-parameter Two-stage Stochastic Fuzzy Credibility Constrained Programming

Accession number: 20192407026795

Title of translation:

Authors: Yue, Qiong (1); Guo, Ping (1); Wang, Youzhi (1); Zhang, Chenglong (1); Li, Peng (2)

Author affiliation: (1) Center for Agricultural Water Research in China, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Hubei Zhanghe Project Administration Bureau, Jingmen; 712100, China

Corresponding author: Guo, Ping(guop@cau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 228-235

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Due to the rapid development of urbanization and industrialization, the consequent increasing conflict between limited water resources and increased water demands gradually led to unsustainability of water resources utilization in an irrigation district. Therefore, it is crucial to optimize the water allocation to alleviate water shortage and promote the sustainable development of irrigation district. Taking Zhanghe Irrigation District in Hubei Province as an example, an interval-parameter two-stage stochastic fuzzy credibility constrained programming was developed for optimal water allocation. In the model, the maximal system benefit was regarded as the objective function. To reflect the multiple uncertainties, fuzzy variables, discrete intervals and probability distributions were introduced into the model framework. To address the fuzzy risk problems associated with the violation constraints, fuzzy credibility constrained programming was integrated into the interval-parameter two-stage stochastic programming model. Meanwhile, several credibility significance levels were given to examine the system failure risk. Optimal allocation schemes were obtained in the combination of different credibility levels (λ), inflow levels and fuzzy membership levels (α). The results indicated that the water inflow was positively related to the water resources allocation and agricultural irrigation areas; water and irrigation area allocation to all divisions were increased with the decrease of credibility level, which resulted in system benefit’s expansion coupled with high violation risk. When λ was 1.0, the system benefit range was [0.741, 1.147] billion CNY, and when λ was set as 0.8, the system benefit reached [1.026, 1.325] billion CNY; with the increase of the α level, the system fuzzy feature was weakened, consequently the upper limit of the system benefit was gradually decreased and the lower limit of the system benefit was increased conversely; and the proposed model preferred to avoid high violation risk rather than purse high economic benefit impractically to some extent. The corresponding optimal results were helpful for managers to coordinate the conflict-laden water use issues, formulate reasonable allocation schemes, and achieve efficient utilization of water resources. Compared with the other optimal allocation in Zhanghe Irrigation District, the research had advantages as following: multiple uncertainties were considered and represented by proper mathematical methods; the tradeoff of system benefit and violation risk was reflected; multiple allocation schemes were provided under different scenarios; several engineering and non-engineering measures were suggested for sustainable development of Zhanghe Irrigation District; the analysis method and the model framework can also be applied to other similar regions. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 20

Main heading: Water resources

Controlled terms: Computer programming? - ?Irrigation? - ?Planning? - ?Probability distributions? - ?Risk assessment? - ?Risk perception? - ?Stochastic models? - ?Stochastic programming? - ?Stochastic systems? - ?Sustainable development ? - ?Systems engineering? - ?Uncertainty analysis? - ?Water supply

Uncontrolled terms: Constrained programming? - ?Irrigation districts? - ?Optimal allocation? - ?Two-stage stochastic programming? - ?Uncertainty

Classification code: 444 Water Resources? - ?446.1 Water Supply Systems? - ?723.1 Computer Programming? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods? - ?912.2 Management? - ?914.1 Accidents and Accident Prevention? - ?922.1 Probability Theory? - ?961 Systems Science

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.04.026

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

38. Dynamic Modeling and Analysis of Serial-parallel Hybrid Quadruped Bionic Robot

Accession number: 20192407026815

Title of translation:

Authors: Wang, Xiaolei (1, 2); Jin, Zhenlin (1); Li, Xiaodan (2); Liu, Xiang (2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao; 066004, China; (2) College of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Liaoning University of Technology, Jinzhou; 121001, China

Corresponding author: Jin, Zhenlin(zljin@ysu.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 401-412

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: The dynamic modeling and analysis of a new kind of bionic robot which had the characteristics of large capacity, fast walking and good lateral decoupling was carried out. Firstly, the layout of the leg mechanism was introduced, the kinematics analysis was carried out, the explicit linear velocity Jacobi was established, and the explicit expressions of each component’s velocity and terminal linear velocity were derived, which laid a foundation for dynamic modeling. Then, the explicit dynamic equation of leg mechanism was established by using Lagrange equation, and the inverse dynamics of leg mechanism was deduced. Finally, the inverse dynamics equation of the leg mechanism was verified by an example, and the effect of the asynchronous length on the maximum output force of the hydraulic cylinder was analyzed. The moving energy consumption of bionic robot was analyzed according to the inverse dynamic equation. An example showed that the theoretical derivation of dynamic equation was correct. At the moment when the feet landed on the ground, each drive hydraulic cylinder produced the maximum output force, which was independent of the lift height of the leg. When walking in straight and lateral direction, the output force of hydraulic cylinder was increased monotonously with the increase of step length. When walking in the lateral direction of leg mechanism, the maximum output force of the three driving cylinders was lateral swing cylinder, which laid a foundation for the design of buffer structure and dynamic parameters. By analyzing the influence of different gait parameters on energy consumption index of the whole machine, the method of reducing energy consumption was summarized, which provided basis for the gait parameter optimization and trajectory planning of the quadruped robot. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 25

Main heading: Dynamics

Controlled terms: Bionics? - ?Cylinders (shapes)? - ?Dynamic analysis? - ?Energy utilization? - ?Equations of motion? - ?Hydraulic machinery? - ?Inverse problems? - ?Lagrange multipliers? - ?Mechanical actuators? - ?Multipurpose robots ? - ?Robot programming

Uncontrolled terms: Energy consumption index? - ?Inverse dynamic equations? - ?Lagrange equation? - ?Quadruped Robots? - ?Reducing energy consumption? - ?Serial parallels? - ?Theoretical derivations? - ?Trajectory Planning

Classification code: 461.1 Biomedical Engineering? - ?525.3 Energy Utilization? - ?632.2 Hydraulic Equipment and Machinery? - ?723.1 Computer Programming? - ?731.5 Robotics? - ?732.1 Control Equipment? - ?921.2 Calculus

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.04.046

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

39. Fast Forward Kinematics of 6-UPS Parallel Robot with Representative Points

Accession number: 20192407026812

Title of translation: 6-UPS

Authors: Liu, Yanli (1, 2); Wu, Hongtao (1); Li, Yao (1); Wang, Ruobing (1); Xu, Yuanyuan (3); Chen, Bai (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing; 210016, China; (2) Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu College of Safety Technology, Xuzhou; 221011, China; (3) College of Mechanical Engineering, Nantong Institute of Technology, Nantong; 226002, China

Corresponding author: Wu, Hongtao(mehtwu@126.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 374-381 and 400

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: According to the structural characteristics of the planar 6-UPS parallel robot, the position and orientation of the mobile platform were described by choosing the spatial coordinates of three representative points as parameters. Combination of the constraint conditions during three representative points, nine quadratic polynomial equations with nine parameters were obtained. Finally, six quadratic polynomial equations, including six unknown parameters were obtained by eliminating three parameters of the nine equations. Aiming at the characteristics of the obtained quadratic polynomial equations, the traditional Newton-Raphson numerical iteration algorithm was improved and used to the numerical solution of general six-dimensional quadratic polynomial equations of parallel robots. The iterative algorithm was converged and an unique solution was obtained. The numerical example demonstrated that the time consumptions of the proposed algorithm was 0.14~0.23 ms and the traditional method of rotation matrix was 1.42~2.67 ms respectively under the same conditions. The proposed algorithm of representative points greatly reduced the computational time, improved the convergence speed and computational efficiency and laid a better foundation for the closed-loop real-time control with high-performance of the six DOFs planar parallel robot. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 25

Main heading: Polynomials

Controlled terms: Computational efficiency? - ?Kinematics? - ?Newton-Raphson method? - ?Numerical methods? - ?Real time control? - ?Robots

Uncontrolled terms: Constraint conditions? - ?Fast forward? - ?Modified Newton-Raphson method? - ?Parallel robots? - ?Planar parallel robots? - ?Position and orientations? - ?Representative points? - ?Structural characteristics

Classification code: 731 Automatic Control Principles and Applications? - ?731.5 Robotics? - ?921.1 Algebra? - ?921.6 Numerical Methods? - ?931.1 Mechanics

Numerical data indexing: Time 1.40e-04s to 2.30e-04s, Time 1.42e-03s to 2.67e-03s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.04.043

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

40. Extraction Method of Wheat Lodging Information Based on Multi-temporal UAV Remote Sensing Data

Accession number: 20192407026793

Title of translation:

Authors: Li, Guang (1, 2); Zhang, Liyuan (1, 2); Song, Chaoyang (3); Peng, Manman (1, 2); Zhang, Yu (4); Han, Wenting (1, 5)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Agriculture Internet of Things, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China; (3) College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China; (4) Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences & Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China; (5) Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China

Corresponding author: Han, Wenting(hanwt2000@126.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 211-220

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: The information of crop lodging is very important for agricultural hazard assessment and agricultural insurance claims. Remote sensing is a fast and efficient technology to gain the information of crop lodging, but satellite remote sensing cannot provide available data. Recently, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) remote sensing system has grown rapidly, and UAV remote sensing system can get available data neatly and fleetly. There was no survey on winter wheat lodging by using multi-temporal UAV remote sensing data. Therefore, a survey method of winter wheat lodging was proposed by using images derived from the UAV remote sensing experiments, which were carried out in the winter wheat test field of Institute of Water-Saving Agriculture in Arid Areas of China (IWSA), Northwest A&F University on May 4th and 16th of 2017. Images were handled with the second low pass filter firstly to enhance the image space domain. Then the scatter diagram of lodging and unlodging wheat was gained in different feature combination coordinate systems. The single features of wheat lodging information extraction based on the well-defined boundary of the scatter diagram were selected. Feature parameters F1 and F2 were gained by fitting boundary points of May 4th and 16th. Using the similarities of F1 and F2 can obtain F3 to extract winter wheat lodging information of two periods. Using F1, F2 and F3 combined with K-means to extract the lodging information of winter wheat. It was turned out that the overall accuracy was over 86.44%, the Kappa coefficient was over 0.73, and the lodging extracting accuracy was over 81.07%, so F3 can be the feature parameter to extract the lodging information of two periods. To research the accuracy and versatility of this method, two verification areas were selected and the method of this paper, support vector machine (SVM), neural network and maximum likelihood method were respectively used to extract the lodging information of winter wheat. The results showed that the overall accuracy, Kappa coefficient and lodging extracting accuracy of the method were over 86.29%, 0.71 and 80. 60%, and the overall accuracy, Kappa coefficient and lodging extracting accuracy of the other common methods were 69.68%~87.44%, 0.49~0.72 and 65.33%~79.76%, respectively. The results indicated that the overall accuracy, Kappa coefficient and lodging extracting accuracy of this method were all tower over other methods. Therefore, the proposed method was accurate and versatile to extract the lodging information of winter wheat in the watery stage. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 31

Main heading: Remote sensing

Controlled terms: Antennas? - ?Crops? - ?Data mining? - ?Image enhancement? - ?Image processing? - ?Insurance? - ?Low pass filters? - ?Maximum likelihood? - ?Space optics? - ?Support vector machines ? - ?Surveys? - ?Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)? - ?Water conservation

Uncontrolled terms: K-means? - ?Lodging? - ?Maximum likelihood methods? - ?Multi-temporal? - ?Remote sensing system? - ?Satellite remote sensing? - ?Water-saving agricultures? - ?Winter wheat

Classification code: 444 Water Resources? - ?652.1 Aircraft, General? - ?656.1 Space Flight? - ?703.2 Electric Filters? - ?723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications? - ?723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?922.1 Probability Theory

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 6.00e+01%, Percentage 8.11e+01%, Percentage 8.63e+01%, Percentage 8.64e+01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.04.024

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

41. Instance-level Segmentation Method for Group Pig Images Based on Deep Learning

Accession number: 20192407026789

Title of translation:

Authors: Gao, Yun (1, 2); Guo, Jiliang (1); Li, Xuan (1, 2); Lei, Minggang (2, 3); Lu, Jun (4); Tong, Yu (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan; 430070, China; (2) The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan; 430070, China; (3) College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Animal Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan; 430070, China; (4) College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan; 430070, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 179-187

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: With the development of intelligence and automation technology, people pay more attention to use it to monitor pig welfare and health in modern pig industry. Since the behaviors of group pigs present their healthy status, it is necessary to detect and monitor behaviors of group pigs. At present, machine vision technology with advantages of low price, easy installation, non-invasion and mature algorithm has been preferentially utilized to monitor pigs’ behaviors, such as drinking, eating, farrowing behavior of sow, and detect some of pigs’ physiological indices, such as lean yield rate. Feeding pigs at group level was used the most in intensive pig farms. Owing to normally happened huddled pigs showing in group-pig images, it was challenging to utilize traditional machine vision technique to monitor the behaviors of group pigs through separating adhesive pig areas. Thus a new segmentation method was introduced based on deep convolution neural network to separate adhesive pig areas in group-pig images. A PigNet network was built to solute the problem of separating adhesive pig areas in group-pig images. Main part of the PigNet network was established on the structure of the Mask R-CNN network. The Mask R-CNN network was a deep convolution neural network, which had a backbone network with a branch of FCN from classification layer and regression layer to mask the region of interest. The PigNet network used 44 convolutional layers of backbone network of Mask R-CNN network as its main network. After the main network, the output feature image was fed to the next four convolutional layers with different convolution kernels, which was the resting part of the main network and produced binary mask for each pig area. As well, the output feature image was fed into two branches, one was the region proposal networks (RPN), the other was region of interest align (ROIAlign) processing. The first branch outputted the regions of interest, and then the second one aligned each pig area and produced class of the whole pig area and the background area and bounding boxes of each pig regions. A binary cross entropy loss function was utilized to calculate the loss of each mask to correct the class layer and the location of ROIs. Here, the ROIAlign was used to align the candidate region and convolution characteristics through the bilinear difference, and which would not lose information by quantization, making the segmentation more accurate, and FCN of the mask branch used average binary cross entropy as the loss function to process each mask, which avoided the competition among pig masks. After all, the ROI was labeled with different colors. Totally 2000 images captured from previous five days of a 28-day experiments were taken as the training set, and 500 images from the next 6th to 7th day were validation set. The results showed that the accuracy of the PigNet on training set was 86.15% and on validation set was 85.40%. The accuracies on each data set were very close, which showed that the model had effective generalization performance and high precision. The cooperation between the PigNet, Mask R-CNN (ResNet101-FPN) and its improvement showed the PigNet surpassed the other two algorithms in accuracy. Meanwhile, the PigNet run faster than the Mask R-CNN. However, the times of three algorithms spent on 500 samples of the validation set were similar. The algorithm can be used to separate individual pig from group-pig images with different behaviors and severe adhesion situation. The PigNet network model adopted the GPU operation mode, and used the three branches of class, regression box and mask to compute parallel processing time, which made the processing time of single image quick, only 2.12 s. To a certain degree, the PigNet could reduce convolution parameters and simplify the network structure. The research provided a new segmentation method for adhesive group-pig images, which would increase the possibility of group-pig tracing and monitoring. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 36

Main heading: Mammals

Controlled terms: Adhesives? - ?Computer vision? - ?Convolution? - ?Deep learning? - ?Deep neural networks? - ?Entropy? - ?Image segmentation? - ?Network layers? - ?Separation

Uncontrolled terms: Adherent pig body? - ?Automation technology? - ?Convolution neural network? - ?Generalization performance? - ?Group pig? - ?Machine vision technologies? - ?Physiological indices? - ?Segmentation methods

Classification code: 641.1 Thermodynamics? - ?716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing? - ?723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications? - ?723.5 Computer Applications? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations

Numerical data indexing: Age 7.67e-02yr, Percentage 8.54e+01%, Percentage 8.62e+01%, Time 2.12e+00s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.04.020

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

42. Design and Experiment of Air-suction Ultra-narrow-row Device for Precise Panax notoginseng Seed Metering

Accession number: 20192407026781

Title of translation:

Authors: Lai, Qinghui (1); Yu, Qingxu (1); Su, Wei (1); Sun, Kai (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Modern Agricultural Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming; 650500, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 102-112

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Panax notoginseng is mainly grown in Yunnan Province. The planting area of Panax notoginseng has reached 672 km2 until December 2017. The row spacing and plant spacing of the seedlings of Panax notoginseng are only 50 mm. In order to achieve high-density precision seeding of Panax notoginseng, an air-suction ultra-narrow-row device was designed for precise seed metering. Based on mechanical-pneumatic seed filling technology, the seed metering wheel had water drop-shaped holes on both sides. The seed metering device was compact. Compared with the air-suction cylinder seed metering device, the air chamber was smaller, which had lower requirements for air volume and wind pressure stability. The Wenshan Panax notoginseng seeds were chosen for seeding object. The simulation test of mechanical filling performance was based on the discrete element method, and the machining angle of water drop-shaped hole was taken as the single experimental factor. And the optimum of processing angle was obtained as 50°. Based on the three-factor quadratic orthogonal rotating combination test method, the influences of rotation speed of seed metering wheel, negative pressure of sucking hole and height of seed layer on seeding performance were explored. The experimental results showed that the affecting order of the qualified index was negative pressure of sucking hole, rotation speed of seed metering wheel and height of seed layer. Based on the results of examination, it was found that the fitting of the equations was good, the best parameter combination was pricking height of seed layer of 50 mm, rotation speed of seed metering wheel of 34~48 r/min and negative pressure of sucking hole of 560~660 Pa, and under the optimal condition, the qualified index was greater than 93.0%, the missing index was less than 3.5%, the multiple index was less than 3.5% and variation coefficient of each row displacement consistency was less than 3.0%. The air-suction ultra-narrow-row device for precise seed metering met the standard and requirements by comparing the results with the national standard and Panax notoginseng planting requirements. The approach of research was suitable for the exploitation of Panax notoginseng seed-metering device. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 31

Main heading: Wheels

Controlled terms: Drops? - ?Finite difference method? - ?Pneumatic materials handling equipment? - ?Structural dynamics? - ?Testing? - ?Wind effects

Uncontrolled terms: Displacement consistency? - ?Experimental factors? - ?Panax notoginseng? - ?Parameter combination? - ?Precise seed-metering? - ?Seed metering devices? - ?Ultra-narrow-row? - ?Variation coefficient

Classification code: 408 Structural Design? - ?443.1 Atmospheric Properties? - ?601.2 Machine Components? - ?632.4 Pneumatic Equipment and Machinery? - ?921.6 Numerical Methods

Numerical data indexing: Area 6.72e+08m2, Percentage 3.00e+00%, Percentage 3.50e+00%, Percentage 9.30e+01%, Pressure 5.60e+02Pa to 6.60e+02Pa, Rotational_Speed 3.40e+01RPM to 4.80e+01RPM, Size 5.00e-02m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.04.012

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

43. Water Consumption Characteristics of Rice and Its Effect on Water Use Efficiency in Cold Black Soil Region

Accession number: 20192407026797

Title of translation:

Authors: Wei, Yongxia (1, 2); Ru, Chen (1, 2); Wu, Yu (3, 4); Liu, Hui (2, 5); Yang, Junming (1, 2); Hou, Jingxiang (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China; (2) Key Laboratory of High Efficiency Use of Agricultural Water Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China; (3) Heilongjiang Agricultural Reclamation Survey and Research Institute, Harbin; 150090, China; (4) College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin; 150040, China; (5) School of Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China

Corresponding author: Liu, Hui(xiaolaida@163.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 245-254

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to explore the effect of rice water consumption characteristics on WUE in cold black soil region, the experiment was carried out by lysimeter at the rice irrigation experiment station of Heilongjiang Province in 2017. The U7(76) experiment was conducted to analyze the variation regular of water consumption of rice stage water consumption, during daytime, nighttime and hourly at different growth stages, the effects of water consumption at different growth stages on WUE and biomass WUE were clarified. The results showed that water consumption and water consumption percentage were the highest at the jointing-booting stage, which were 77.25 mm and 23.09%, respectively. The daytime and nighttime water consumption of rice showed a trend of “low-high-low”, The daytime and nighttime water consumption reached the maximum at the heading-flowering stage, which were 6.32 mm/d and 0.76 mm/d, respectively. The water consumption characteristics of rice in the daytime showed an inverted “V” curve at the early and mid-tillering stage, the water consumption peak was at 12: 00-13: 00. It showed an “M” curve from the late tillering stage to the milky stage, the water consumption peak was at 11: 00-12: 00 and 13: 00-14: 00, respectively. The time of the maximum water consumption was at 10: 00-11: 00 during the milky stage. The direct effect of stage water consumption on WUE and the total contribution to R2 were consistent, and the order from large to small was ET5, ET2, ET4, ET3, ET6 and ET1. The water consumption at the late tillering and milky stage had a direct negative impact on WUE, the order of the determinant coefficient of water consumption in each stage on WUE was ET5, ET4×ET5, ET2×ET5, ET2 and ET4. There were significant positive correlations between SWUE5 and rice yield and WUE, the effect order of water consumption on SWUE5 from the early tillering to heading-flowering stage was ET5, ET4, ET3, ET1 and ET2. The study would be helpful in understanding water consumption and water use efficiency of rice and formulating water-saving plan in black soil region. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 26

Main heading: Water supply

Controlled terms: Efficiency? - ?Regression analysis? - ?Soils? - ?Water conservation

Uncontrolled terms: Black soil regions? - ?Path analysis? - ?Rice? - ?Water consumption? - ?Water use efficiency

Classification code: 444 Water Resources? - ?446.1 Water Supply Systems? - ?483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?913.1 Production Engineering? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 2.31e+01%, Size 7.72e-02m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.04.028

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

44. Apple Leaf Point Cloud Clustering Based on Dynamic-K-threshold and Growth Parameters Extraction

Accession number: 20192407026787

Title of translation: K

Authors: Liu, Gang (1, 2); Zhang, Weijie (1, 2); Guo, Cailing (1, 3)

Author affiliation: (1) Key Laboratory of Modern Precision Agriculture System Integration Research, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Agricultural Information Acquisition Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (3) Department of Electromechanical Engineering, Tangshan University, Tangshan; 063000, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 163-169 and 178

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Study on the three-dimensional (3D) canopy reconstruction of fruit trees plays a fundamental role in the calculation of canopy illumination distribution and the realization of automatic pruning. According to the characteristics of the leafy tree point cloud, an apple tree leaf points clustering method based on dynamic-K-threshold and a growth parameters extraction method were proposed. Firstly, terrestrial laser scanner Trimble TX8 was chosen to obtain dense point cloud of apple tree canopy from different viewpoints, and then multi-station point cloud registration, outlier removal and point cloud simplification were accomplished, so as to reduce the influence of discrete points on calculation results of spatial characteristic parameters. Secondly, intercepting one branch randomly, synthesizing LCCP algorithm and improved K-means algorithm to construct the leaf points clustering method based on dynamic-K-threshold. Thirdly, as the input data, the leaf point cloud was used to construct the covariance matrix based on the PCA to calculate the fitting plane normal vector. Extracting boundary points, the parameters of width and length were obtained by calculating the position relation between boundaries and centroid. The results showed that compared with traditional clustering methods, the proposed dynamic-K-threshold method can accurately segment single leaf points without branch point losses, which ensured the integrity and thoroughness of the clustering results. The extracted parameters based on real 3D spatial information can guarantee the accuracy to a certain extent, which provided basic technical support for evaluation of illumination distribution calculation and automatic pruning. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 28

Main heading: K-means clustering

Controlled terms: Cluster analysis? - ?Covariance matrix? - ?Extraction? - ?Fruits? - ?Orchards? - ?Parameter estimation? - ?Trees (mathematics)

Uncontrolled terms: 3D point cloud? - ?Apple trees? - ?Growth parameters? - ?Illumination distribution? - ?Improved K-Means algorithm? - ?Point cloud registration? - ?Point cloud simplifications? - ?Terrestrial laser scanners

Classification code: 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?921 Mathematics? - ?921.4 Combinatorial Mathematics, Includes Graph Theory, Set Theory

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.04.018

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

45. Micro Detection Device for Fungal Spores of Crops Based on Diffraction Reconstruction

Accession number: 20192407026774

Title of translation:

Authors: Yang, Ning (1); Chen, Chiyuan (1); Li, Guoxiao (1); Wang, Aiying (2); Zhang, Rongbiao (1); Tang, Jian (2)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang; 212013, China; (2) Research and Development Center of Rice Cropping Technology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou; 311401, China

Corresponding author: Tang, Jian(tangjian@mail.hz.zj.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 42-48

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Collecting airborne spores of rice blast in rice fields using spore trap devices has currently become an important approach for devising strategies early and effectively controlling rice blast. In order to solve the problems of large volume and high cost of existing spore detection system, a spore detection method for crop fungal diseases was proposed based on diffraction reconstruction technology. Based on Huygens-Fresnel principle and angular spectrum theory, a spore detection system for fungal diseases, including enrichment and sampling mechanism, was designed by using diffraction imaging complex reconstruction calculation. The system can complete a series of operations such as enrichment, sampling, shooting, reconstructing and detection, and reconstruct the original spore image of fungal diseases by reconstruction algorithm. According to the morphological characteristics of reconstructed images, two important parameters, area and thinness ratio, were extracted to detect and identify spores. Rice blast spores were selected as the research object to carry out detection and verification experiments. The experimental results showed that the system could capture the micro-images of diffractions of rice blast spores, with 2 592 pixels×1 944 pixels resolution. The experiments validated that the correlation coefficient between the detection results of rice blast spores and the identification results of artificial microscope can reach 0.99, while the average detection error rate was 5. 91%, which had good accuracy. The research provided a design scheme for the research and development of low-cost early warning equipment for crop fungal diseases. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 27

Main heading: Image reconstruction

Controlled terms: Crops? - ?Diffraction? - ?Fungi? - ?Image processing? - ?Object detection? - ?Pixels? - ?Spectrum analysis

Uncontrolled terms: Angular spectrum theory? - ?Correlation coefficient? - ?Fungal disease? - ?Huygens-Fresnel principle? - ?Morphological characteristic? - ?Reconstruction algorithms? - ?Research and development? - ?Rice blasts

Classification code: 723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 9.10e+01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.04.005

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

46. Control Strategy of High-speed Switch Valve under Multistage Adaptive Voltage Based on BP Neural Network

Accession number: 20192407026817

Title of translation: BP

Authors: Liu, Hao (1); Zhao, Dingxuan (2); Zhang, Zhuxin (2); Wang, Lixin (2); Fan, Xiaoxuan (2)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun; 130025, China; (2) School of Mechanical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao; 066044, China

Corresponding author: Zhao, Dingxuan(zdx-yw@ysu.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 420-426

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to improve the control precision of hydraulic system, the following two aspects were done. Firstly, in terms of driving strategy, the driving strategy was considered and the dynamic characteristics of the valve core under several common driving strategies were analyzed. After considering the following aspects, a multi-stage adaptive voltage excitation driving strategy was put forward accordingly. The strategy had better dynamic characteristics than the commonly used dual voltage excitation strategy. Under this multi-stage adaptive voltage excitation driving strategy, the valve core and the closing time were reduced to 2.2 ms and 1.7 ms, respectively. At the same time, the coil thermal power was reduced by 68.5%. Moreover, a driving circuit which can output any voltage between 0 V and 60 V through PWM modulation was designed. Secondly, in terms of control strategy, the BP neural network was used to adjust the PID parameters to achieve precise control of hydraulic cylinder displacement. The network PID controller of BP neural had the characteristics of short response time, small overshoot and good robustness and so on. Under the combined control of adaptive voltage excitation and BP neural network, the hydraulic cylinder displacement error of constant flow hydraulic system was controlled within -0.3~0.3 mm. Meanwhile, thanks to the combined control of adaptive voltage excitation and BP neural network, the hydraulic cylinder displacement error of variable flow hydraulic system was controlled within -0.5~0.5 mm. The research had a great promotion to the study of this field. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 23

Main heading: Adaptive control systems

Controlled terms: Cylinders (shapes)? - ?Hydraulic equipment? - ?Mechanical actuators? - ?Neural networks? - ?Three term control systems

Uncontrolled terms: BP neural networks? - ?Control strategies? - ?Displacement errors? - ?Dynamic characteristics? - ?High-speed switches? - ?Hydraulic cylinders? - ?Short response time? - ?Voltage excitations

Classification code: 632.2 Hydraulic Equipment and Machinery? - ?731.1 Control Systems? - ?732.1 Control Equipment

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 6.85e+01%, Size -3.00e-04m to 3.00e-04m, Size -5.00e-04m to 5.00e-04m, Time 1.70e-03s, Time 2.20e-03s, Voltage 0.00e+00V, Voltage 6.00e+01V

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.04.048

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

47. Design of Apple Quality Integrated Non-destructive Testing Device Based on Multi-band LED Light Source

Accession number: 20192407026806

Title of translation: LED

Authors: Zhao, Juan (1, 2); Quan, Pengkun (1); Zhang, Mengsheng (1); Tian, Shijie (1); Zhang, Haihui (1, 3); Ren, Xiaolin (4)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Agricultural Internet of Things, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China; (3) Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural Information Perception and Intelligent Service, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China; (4) College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China

Corresponding author: Zhang, Haihui(zhanghh@nwsuaf.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 326-332

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: With the continuous improvement of people’s living standards, consumer demand for apple has shifted from quantity to quality. However, for small-scale farmers, the detection equipment developed on the market based on spectrometers is expensive, resulting in difficulty in purchasing, and thus it is impossible to achieve high-quality fruit screening. Therefore, the object was to develop a low-cost, portable apple multi-quality parameter integrated detection device. Firstly, diffuse spectral information of 240 Fuji apples was acquired based on the visible/near-infrared spectroscopy platform. After SG smoothing and multiple scattering correction algorithm pretreatment, the characteristic wavelength of soluble apple solid, titrable acid and pulp firmness was extracted by random frog algorithm. So the ten shared characteristic wavelengths of the three parameters, namely 420 nm, 480 nm, 550 nm, 580 nm, 640 nm, 680 nm, 705 nm, 940 nm, 980 nm and 1 044 nm, were selected. On this basis, a detection method combining a characteristic narrow-band LED light source and a photodiode was proposed. Then, hardware systems such as diffuse reflection detection optical path, narrow-band LED ring light source, detection probe, control circuit and so on were designed. Secondly, the diffuse reflection characteristic voltage intensity of 144 apple samples was obtained by the detection device. Then the multivariate linear regression models of soluble solids content, titratable acid and firmness were respectively established by the obtained information. The correlation coefficients of the prediction set were 0. 812 9, 0.807 3 and 0.773 6, and the root mean square errors were 0. 603 6°Brix, 0. 063 6% and 1. 732 5 N, respectively. Based on the QT development tool, the real-time control and analysis software of the device was developed in Python language, and the multi-quality parameter prediction model of apple was implanted to realize the simultaneous detection and analysis. Finally, to test the precision and stability of the device, another 46 samples were selected and each sample was tested eight times. The predicted results of the device were acceptable, and the correlation coefficients of soluble solids, titratable acid and pulp hardness of apple were 0.809 6, 0.796 2 and 0.758 9, and root mean square errors were 0.697 3°Brix, 0.070 3% and 1. 832 3 N, respectively. The maximum variation coefficients of the resampling were 0.010 6, 0.011 6 and 0.006 2, respectively. The results showed that the low-cost, portable non-destructive testing device based on multi-featured narrow-band LED light source can realize the simultaneous detection of multiple quality parameters of apples, which can meet the needs of farmers for field production and e-commerce sales of high-quality fruit screening. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 20

Main heading: Quality control

Controlled terms: Bridge decks? - ?Computer software? - ?Costs? - ?Fruits? - ?Light emitting diodes? - ?Mean square error? - ?Nondestructive examination? - ?Real time control? - ?Regression analysis? - ?Spectrometers

Uncontrolled terms: Apple? - ?LED light source? - ?Multiple quality? - ?Multivariate linear regression model? - ?Non destructive testing? - ?Nondestructive detection? - ?Root mean square errors? - ?Visible/near-infrared spectroscopies

Classification code: 401.1 Bridges? - ?714.2 Semiconductor Devices and Integrated Circuits? - ?723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications? - ?731 Automatic Control Principles and Applications? - ?741.3 Optical Devices and Systems? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?911 Cost and Value Engineering; Industrial Economics? - ?913.3 Quality Assurance and Control? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics

Numerical data indexing: Force 7.32e+03N, Force 8.32e+03N, Percentage 6.36e+02%, Size 1.04e-06m, Size 4.20e-07m, Size 4.80e-07m, Size 5.50e-07m, Size 5.80e-07m, Size 6.40e-07m, Size 6.80e-07m, Size 7.05e-07m, Size 9.40e-07m, Size 9.80e-07m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.04.037

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

48. Spatial Distribution Characteristics and Influence Factors of Soil Heavy Metal Contents in Oasis Area of Yutian County, Xinjiang

Accession number: 20192407026799

Title of translation:

Authors: Chen, Yunfei (1, 2); Zeng, Yanyan (1, 2); Zhou, Jinlong (1, 2); Wang, Songtao (3); Du, Jiangyan (3); Liu, Yanfeng (4)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi; 830052, China; (2) Xinjiang Hydrology and Water Resources Engineering Research Center, Urumqi; 830052, China; (3) No. 2 Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology Party, Xinjiang Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources Exploration and Development, Changji; 831100, China; (4) School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan; 430074, China

Corresponding author: Zhou, Jinlong(zjzhoujl@163.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 263-273

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Totally 1 165 surface soil samples for heavy metal analysis were collected in oasis area of Yutian County, Xinjiang. Spatial distribution and influence factors of heavy metal elements in soils in the study area were analyzed by means of multivariate statistical analysis, geostatistics, spatial autocorrelation, spatial analysis and GIS technology. Results showed that among 1 165 soil samples, three of which had As contents greater than the risk screening values. Average contents of heavy metal elements in non-agricultural lands were lower than that of soil background values in Xinjiang. Average values of Cd, Hg and Cr contents in agricultural land were greater than that of soil background values in Xinjiang. The theoretical models for variation function of Cd and PB were exponential model, while the theoretical models for variation function of Hg, As, Cr, Cu, Ni and Zn were spherical model. Nugget value of Cd was less than 25%, indicated a relatively strong spatial correlation. Nugget value of other elements ranged between 25% and 50%, indicated significant spatial correlations. As for soil heavy metals, the Moran’s I indexes of spatial autocorrelation were greater than 0. There was a positive spatial correlation distribution of soil heavy metal elements in the county scale. And the spatial distribution of soil heavy metal contents in oasis area of Yutian County showed a general decreasing trend from the center of the study area to surrounding areas. Distribution of soil heavy metal contents in the Yutian County varied in different parent materials, soil types and land use patterns. Hg, As, Pb, Cr, Cu, Ni and Zn in soils derived from the same source. However, the contents were affected by soil texture as well. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 37

Main heading: Soil surveys

Controlled terms: Agriculture? - ?Autocorrelation? - ?Cadmium? - ?Land use? - ?Metal analysis? - ?Multivariant analysis? - ?Nickel? - ?Screening? - ?Soils? - ?Spatial distribution ? - ?Spatial variables measurement? - ?Textures? - ?Zinc

Uncontrolled terms: Distribution characteristics? - ?Multivariate statistical analysis? - ?Non-agricultural lands? - ?Soil heavy metal elements? - ?Soil heavy metals? - ?Spatial autocorrelations? - ?Variograms? - ?Xinjiang

Classification code: 403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development? - ?483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?546.3 Zinc and Alloys? - ?548.1 Nickel? - ?549.3 Nonferrous Metals and Alloys excluding Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control? - ?921 Mathematics? - ?922 Statistical Methods? - ?943.2 Mechanical Variables Measurements

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 2.50e+01%, Percentage 2.50e+01% to 5.00e+01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.04.030

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

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