2021年第9期共收录48篇

1. Design and Experiment of Inclined Trapezoidal Hole Fertilizer Point-applied Discharging Device

Accession number: 20214111012319

Title of translation:

Authors: Du, Xin (1); Liu, Cailing (1); Jiang, Meng (1); Yuan, Hao (1); Dai, Lei (1); Li, Fanglin (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China

Corresponding author: Liu, Cailing(cailingliu@163.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 9

Issue date: September 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 43-53

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to improve the utilization efficiency of fertilizers, reduce the amount of chemical fertilizers applied, and realize fertilization in the root zone of plants, an inclined trapezoidal hole fertilizer point-applied discharging device was designed. Fertilizer point-applied discharging device can be divided into two categories, the first type was intermittent fertilizer discharge device, and the continuous fertilizer particles were discharged from the fertilizer supplied device and then relied on the intermittent device (duck mouth valve) to open and close to form the hole fertilization; the second type was consequent metering device, the mechanisms combined filling plate and discharging plate continuously and then rotated and extracted fertilizer particles from the filling area, then discharged fertilizer particles from the discharging area. The consequent metering device can reduce the movement time of the fertilizer, offset the forward speed of metering machines, and finally reduce the scattered length of the landing fertilizer particles by the centrifugal force and the initial tangential velocity of the fertilizer. Therefore, a consequent and point-applied fertilization metering device was designed. The centrifugal force of the filling and discharging wheels, the self-gravity of the fertilizer and the assisted pneumatic force were used to discharge the fertilizer, and the performance of the device was improved by reducing the time when the fertilizer particles completely flew out from the hole. The cavitation and working principle of the fertilizer point-applied discharging device were explained, the main influencing factors affecting its fertilizer distribution performance were determined, and the mechanical model of the fertilizer particle group in the process of filling and discharging fertilizer was constructed; the discrete element software EDEM and fluid analysis were used, and the software Fluent was used to carry out a simulation analysis on the fertilizer distribution performance of the fertilizer point-applied device, and the influence of the working speed, length of fertilizer hole and air velocity on the fertilizer distribution length and the error of hole fertilizer amount was studied. The 3-factor 3-level full-factor experimental design method was adopted. The optimized solution showed that when the operating speed, the length of the fertilizer hole and the air velocity were 3~7 km/h, 27.0 mm and 15.0 m/s, respectively, the fertilizer distribution length and the hole fertilizer amount were 62.7~87.5 mm and 7.4%~8.9%, respectively. The bench test showed that under the conditions of operating speed of 3~7 km/h, hole length and air velocity of 27.0 mm and 15.0 m/s, respectively, the fertilizer distribution length, the stability coefficient of fertilizer distribution length, the error of fertilizer pointed distance and the error of hole fertilizer discharge the hole distances were 98.5~175.5 mm, 7.42%~14.18%, 7.60%~15.17% and 2.3%~4.7%, respectively. Field test results showed that when the operating speed was 3~7 km/h, the fertilizer distribution length, the coefficient of variation of the fertilizer distribution length stability, the error of the hole fertilizer amount and the error of the fertilizer pointed distance were 104.2~178.4 mm, 7.55%~14.56%, and 7.69%~13.80%, 2.1%~4.3%, respectively. The research result can provide equipment support for the popularization and application of fertilizer hole application technology, and provide a theoretical basis for the design and optimization of hole fertilizer device. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 29

Main heading: Fertilizers

Controlled terms: Air? - ?Computer software? - ?Filling? - ?Finite difference method? - ?Forward scattering

Uncontrolled terms: Air velocities? - ?Discharge devices? - ?Discrete elements method? - ?Fertilisation? - ?Fertilizer discharge device? - ?Inclined trapezoidal hole? - ?Metering devices? - ?Operating speed? - ?Performance? - ?Point-applied fertilization

Classification code: 691.2 Materials Handling Methods? - ?711 Electromagnetic Waves? - ?723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications? - ?804 Chemical Products Generally? - ?821.2 Agricultural Chemicals? - ?921.6 Numerical Methods

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.38E+01%, Percentage 1.418E+01%, Percentage 1.456E+01%, Percentage 1.517E+01%, Percentage 2.10E+00%, Percentage 2.30E+00%, Percentage 4.30E+00%, Percentage 4.70E+00%, Percentage 7.40E+00%, Percentage 7.42E+00%, Percentage 7.55E+00%, Percentage 7.60E+00%, Percentage 7.69E+00%, Percentage 8.90E+00%, Size 1.042E-01m to 1.784E-01m, Size 2.70E-02m, Size 3.00E+03m to 7.00E+03m, Size 6.27E-02m to 8.75E-02m, Size 9.85E-02m to 1.755E-01m, Velocity 1.50E+01m/s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.09.005

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

2. Quality Evaluation and Obstacle Diagnosis of Plough Horizon Based on Minimum Data Set in Dry Farming Region of Northeast China

Accession number: 20214111012250

Title of translation:

Authors: Zhuo, Zhiqing (1, 2); Li, Yong (1, 2); Gou, Yuxuan (1, 2); Zhao, Yunze (1, 2); Huang, Yuanfang (1, 2); Xing, An (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100193, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Agricultural Land Quality, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing; 100193, China

Corresponding author: Huang, Yuanfang(yfhuang@cau.edu.cnemailyfhuang@cau.edu.cn)Huang, Yuanfang(yfhuang@cau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 9

Issue date: September 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 321-330

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to evaluate the quality of plough horizon in dry farming region of Northeast China, the principal component analysis (PCA) was used to establish the minimum data set (MDS), and the characteristics of plough horizon quality were indicated by using the MDS-Plough horizon integrated quality index (MDS-PHIQI). In addition, the regional classification of soil samples was studied based on systematic cluster analysis, and the negative factors of plough horizon quality were identified by obstacle factor diagnosis model. The results showed that the MDS suitable for use in the assessment of plough horizon quality for study area included such indicators as soil organic matter (SOM)content, total nitrogen (TN) content, available phosphorus (AP)content, clay particle content, plough layer penetration resistance (PLP) and compacted layer thickness (CLT). The MDS can replace the total data set to evaluate the quality of plough horizon in dry farming region of Northeast China. The quality index of plough horizon in study area was between 0.10 and 0.53, with an average value of 0.30, which was at medium and low levels. From the perspective of fertilizer conservation and yield-increasing potential, the suitability thresholds of those diagnostic parameters for reasonable plough horizon of dry farming region of Northeast China were indicated as follows: soil organic matter content of greater than or equaled 37.16 g/kg, total nitrogen content of greater than or equaled 1.75 g/kg, the clay particle content of 4.60%~6.19%, available phosphorus content of greater than or equaled 26.38 mg/kg, the plough layer penetration resistance of less than or equaled 364.56 kPa, and the compacted layer thickness of less than or equaled 8.18 cm. In the research, geographic areas can be characterized as high, medium or and low levels of grain yields. Different types of barrier factors for plough horizon in the study area can be divided into plough horizon structure barriers (low grain yield areas), comprehensive barriers of structure and soil fertility constraints (medium grain yield areas), and soil fertility constraints (high grain yield areas). Viewed as a whole, the main obstacles to the improvement of the quality of plough horizon were penetration resistance of plough layer, total nitrogen content, and soil organic matter content, appropriate tillage and fertilization measures should be taken in view of the above three obstacle factors. The research can provide theoretical basis and parameters for the evaluation of plough horizon quality and the construction of reasonable plough horizon in dry farming region of Northeast China. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 34

Main heading: Cluster analysis

Controlled terms: Biogeochemistry? - ?Classification (of information)? - ?Computer aided diagnosis? - ?Nitrogen? - ?Organic compounds? - ?Phosphorus? - ?Principal component analysis? - ?Quality control? - ?Soil conservation? - ?Soils

Uncontrolled terms: Compacted layer? - ?Dry farming? - ?Dry farming region? - ?Grain yield? - ?Minimum data set? - ?Obstacle degree? - ?Plow horizon quality? - ?Region of northeast chinas? - ?Soil organic matter contents? - ?Study areas

Classification code: 461.1 Biomedical Engineering? - ?481.2 Geochemistry? - ?483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing? - ?723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications? - ?723.5 Computer Applications? - ?801.2 Biochemistry? - ?804 Chemical Products Generally? - ?804.1 Organic Compounds? - ?903.1 Information Sources and Analysis? - ?913.3 Quality Assurance and Control? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics

Numerical data indexing: Mass 1.75E-03kg, Mass 2.638E-05kg, Mass 3.716E-02kg, Percentage 4.60E+00%, Percentage 6.19E+00%, Pressure 3.6456E+05Pa, Size 8.18E-02m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.09.036

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

3. Bionic Design and Performance Experiment of Sandfish Head Inspired Subsoiler Tine

Accession number: 20214111012228

Title of translation:

Authors: Zhang, Zhihong (1); Gan, Shuaihui (1); Zuo, Guobiao (1); Tong, Jin (2, 3)

Author affiliation: (1) Faculty of Agriculture and Food, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming; 650500, China; (2) College of Biology and Agricultural Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun; 130022, China; (3) Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun; 130022, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 9

Issue date: September 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 33-42

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Sandfish (Scincus scincus) has remarkable ability of moving forward swiftly below ground in a swimming-like manner. The special geometrical feature of its head plays an important role in its excellent low soil resistance behavior. To reduce soil breaking resistance and energy consumption of conventional subsoiler, sandfish was studied and its head was chosen as the bionic prototype. Firstly, the reverse engineering approach was adopted to extract the special geometrical feature curves of sandfish head. Then the feature curves were applied for the bionic design of the subsoiler tine. Depending on the quantity of feature curves and complexity of the geometrical models, three types of bionic subsoiler tines (B-S-1, B-S-2, B-S-3) were designed and compared with the traditional tine (T-S). Afterwards, the discrete element model (DEM) was used to investigate and compare the forward resistance of subsoiler tines. To validate the DEM simulation results, experimental samples were prepared for vertical soil penetration test. The results derived from discrete element simulation were compared with the real experimental investigation. The results showed that the simulation result agreed well with the real tests, and the relative errors were 2.47%~3.91%. Therefore, the discrete element method could accurately predict the soil resistance on subsoiler tines. On the basis of the validated DEM model, simulations were further conducted to investigate the interaction between soil and subsoiler tines (B-S-1, B-S-2, B-S-3, T-S). It was found that all of the bionic subsoiler tines had lower forward resistance and vertical force compared with traditional one. At the operational speed of 0.8 m/s and under the condition that the tillage depth was 300 mm. As compared with T-S, the drag resistance of B-S-1, B-S-2 and B-S-3 was decreased, respectively. Meanwhile, the vertical resistance was decreased, respectively. The B-S-2 had the lowest forward and vertical resistance. As compared with T-S, forward resistance was reduced by 8.34%~19.31%. Therefore, it had optimum resistance reduction performance. The simulation results revealed that the special curvature changes of the sandfish head had an important effect on the resistance. With the bionic subsoiler tines, the flow pattern of soil particles was optimized. In consequence, soil disturbance area was decreased and soil resistance was reduced. Compared with the results of soil bin experiments and simulations, the relative errors were 10.83%~17.06%. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 30

Main heading: Soils

Controlled terms: Bionics? - ?Drag reduction? - ?Energy utilization? - ?Finite difference method? - ?Geometry? - ?Reverse engineering

Uncontrolled terms: Bionic? - ?Bionic design? - ?Discrete element models? - ?Discrete elements? - ?Feature curves? - ?Geometrical features? - ?Modeling simulation? - ?Relative errors? - ?Sandfish? - ?Subsoiler

Classification code: 461.1 Biomedical Engineering? - ?483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?525.3 Energy Utilization? - ?921 Mathematics? - ?921.6 Numerical Methods

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.083E+01%, Percentage 1.706E+01%, Percentage 1.931E+01%, Percentage 2.47E+00%, Percentage 3.91E+00%, Percentage 8.34E+00%, Size 3.00E-01m, Velocity 8.00E-01m/s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.09.004

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

4. Effect of Super Absorbent Polymer Rate on Sandy Soil Property and Maize Yield under Straw Returning

Accession number: 20214111012190

Title of translation:

Authors: Li, Rong (1); Mian, Youming (1); Hou, Xianqing (1); Li, Peifu (1); Wang, Xi¡¯na (1)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan; 750021, China

Corresponding author: Hou, Xianqing(houxianqing1981@126.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 9

Issue date: September 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 260-271

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: With the aim to explore effect of super absorbent polymers (SAP) on sandy soil moisture and fertilizer conservation and maize yield under straw returning condition in Yellow River pumping irrigation area of Yanhuanding, Ningxia, a three-year field study was conducted to investigate effects of different rates (30 kg/hm2, 60 kg/hm2, 90 kg/hm2, and 120 kg/hm2) of SAP under straw returning condition on sandy soil bulk density, water storage, nutrient, maize growth, yield, water use efficiency and economic benefit, and the treatment without SAP was used as the control. The results showed that the soil bulk density of different SAP rates in the 0~40 cm soil layer was decreased compared with the control, while the total soil porosity was greatly improved, and the effects of SAP with 90 kg/hm2 and 120 kg/hm2 treatments were the best. The soil water storage capacity at 0~100 cm soil layer under SAP with 60 kg/hm2, 90 kg/hm2 and 120 kg/hm2 was better than that of other treatment in the whole growing season of maize. The mean soil water storage capacity of SAP with 60 kg/hm2, 90 kg/hm2 and 120 kg/hm2 was increased by 18.3%, 21.6%, and 23.5% compared with the control, respectively. The application of SAP with 60 kg/hm2 and 90 kg/hm2 obviously increased the soil organic matter, available P and available K contents in 0~40 cm soil layer, resulting in the best results compared with the control. The application of SAP significantly increased the maize plant height, stem diameter, and above-ground biomass, especially the application of 60 kg/hm2 and 90 kg/hm2 of SAP was the most significant. The mean maize yield, water use efficiency and net income with 60 kg/hm2 of SAP was the best among the treatments, which were 30.4%, 26.0%, and 20.7% higher than that of the control. Therefore, the application of SAP with 60 kg/hm2 under straw returning condition could effectively improve sandy soil physic-chemical properties, promote the growth, and bring an increase in maize yield and income of farmers. The research results could be recommended to apply in maize field in the Yellow River pumping irrigation areas of Yanhuanding, Ningxia. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 45

Main heading: Sand

Controlled terms: Absorption? - ?Economic and social effects? - ?Efficiency? - ?Porosity? - ?Soil conservation? - ?Soil moisture

Uncontrolled terms: Condition? - ?Maize? - ?Maize yield? - ?Sandy soils? - ?Sandysoil? - ?Soil layer? - ?Straw returning? - ?Superabsorbent polymer? - ?Water use efficiency? - ?Yield

Classification code: 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations? - ?913.1 Production Engineering? - ?931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids? - ?971 Social Sciences

Numerical data indexing: Mass 1.20E+02kg, Mass 2.00E+00kg, Mass 3.00E+01kg, Mass 6.00E+01kg, Mass 9.00E+01kg, Percentage 1.83E+01%, Percentage 2.07E+01%, Percentage 2.16E+01%, Percentage 2.35E+01%, Percentage 2.60E+01%, Percentage 3.04E+01%, Size 0.00E00m to 1.00E00m, Size 0.00E00m to 4.00E-01m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.09.030

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

5. Non-destructive Estimation Method of Fresh Weight of Substrate Cultured Lettuce in Solar Greenhouse

Accession number: 20214111012343

Title of translation:

Authors: Liu, Lin (1, 2); Yuan, Jin (1, 2); Zhang, Yan (1); Liu, Xuemei (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai¡¯an; 271018, China; (2) Shandong Agricultural Equipment Intelligent Engineering Laboratory, Tai¡¯an; 271018, China

Corresponding author: Yuan, Jin(jyuan@sdau.edu.cnemailjyuan@sdau.edu.cn)Yuan, Jin(jyuan@sdau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 9

Issue date: September 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 230-240

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: As an indicative feature of crop growth and development, the dynamic change of fresh weight of crops in facility cultivation is one of the important indicators for non-destructive monitoring of vegetable growth. Hydroponic vegetables can be directly weighed out of water to achieve non-destructive monitoring of growth, but it is difficult to achieve fresh weight by non-destructive measurement in soil or matrix. To solve this problem, the fresh weight estimation method based on the combination of phenotypic parameters and environmental parameters was proposed to estimate the fresh weight of individuals and groups of lettuce in solar greenhouse. Firstly, the environmental parameters of the whole life cycle of lettuce were monitored. The multi sample images and the fresh weight of some samples were collected during the growth of the first batch of lettuce. The shape, color, texture and other characteristics of lettuce in different growth periods were extracted from the sample images, and the accumulated heat product in the environmental information was calculated. Then, the relationship model between the parameters of phenotype and environment and fresh weight of lettuce was established by Gaussian process regression. Finally, the sample data of the second batch of groups of lettuce were collected to predict the fresh weight of individuals and groups of lettuce at three growth stages based on the above model, so as to verify the generalization ability and reliability of the fresh weight estimation model. The results showed that compared with support vector machine, linear regression, ridge regression and neural network, the determination coefficient of Gaussian process model was 0.949 3, and the mean of relative error was 11.50%, while the standard deviation of relative error was 11.21%. In the model generalization ability test, the average value of relative error of prediction of fresh weight of groups of lettuce was smaller than that of individuals of lettuce, and the difference of them were 4.44, 5.71 and 5.89 percentage points at the three growth states. The average value and standard deviation of predicted fresh weight of groups of lettuce was gradually decreased with the increase of groups. The fresh weight data of groups predicted by this method can provide data support for the cultivation and management decision of substrate cultivated green leafy vegetables. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 33

Main heading: Lettuce

Controlled terms: Crops? - ?Errors? - ?Gaussian distribution? - ?Gaussian noise (electronic)? - ?Greenhouses? - ?Life cycle? - ?Regression analysis? - ?Statistics? - ?Support vector machines? - ?Textures ? - ?Vegetables

Uncontrolled terms: Crop phenotype? - ?Environmental parameter? - ?Fresh weight? - ?Fresh weight estimation? - ?Gaussian process regression? - ?Generalization ability? - ?Growth non-destructive monitoring? - ?Non-destructive monitoring? - ?Solar greenhouse? - ?Weights estimation

Classification code: 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?821.6 Farm Buildings and Other Structures? - ?922.1 Probability Theory? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.121E+01%, Percentage 1.15E+01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.09.027

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

6. Design and Application of Micro Aerobic Pre-heating Sequencing Batch Dry Fermentation Device

Accession number: 20214111012585

Title of translation:

Authors: Guo, Zhanbin (1); Yi, Rui (1, 2); Zhao, Lixin (3); Feng, Jing (2, 4); Ye, Bingnan (2, 4); Yu, Jiadong (2, 4)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing; 163319, China; (2) Institute of Rural Energy and Environmental Protection, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing; 100125, China; (3) Institute of Agricultural Environment and Sustainable Development, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing; 100081, China; (4) Key Laboratory of Energy Utilization of Agricultural Wastes, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Planning and Design, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing; 100125, China

Corresponding author: Yu, Jiadong(yujiadong010@163.comemailyujiadong010@163.com)Yu, Jiadong(yujiadong010@163.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 9

Issue date: September 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 346-354

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Aiming to solve the problems of insufficient aeration and low spray uniformity in the existing equipment during the actual operation of the microaerobic synchronous preheating sequential batch dry fermentation process, accelerate the degradation of fiber materials and the conversion of intermediate substances and improve the efficiency of gas production, the equipment spray system and aeration system were innovatively designed, micro-aerobic pre-heating sequential batch anaerobic dry fermentation integrated equipment was optimized and integrated, realizing micro-aerobic rapid pre-heating, spray uniform inoculation, and efficient production of biogas. The spiral nozzles suitable for the circulation of viscous biogas slurry were selected through the comparison of nozzle characteristics, and it was calculated that when the spray area was 0.6 m¡Á0.6 m, the best nozzle spacing and pipe diameter were 0.37 m and 0.08 m, respectively, and the spray coverage area can reach 87.33% of the surface area of the material. In order to facilitate the entry and exit of materials, the aeration pipes were designed to be symmetrically distributed on both sides of the materials, and a total of six parallel aeration pipes were set up. The distance between the pipes on one side and the pipes at both ends was 0.5 m and 0.7 m, respectively. The equipment was integrated and coupled with a micro-aerobic synchronous pre-heating sequential batch dry fermentation process. Through long-term experiments, it was determined that the sequential batch start-up control strategy of multiple reactors in actual operation should be eight reactors, the start interval was 3 d, and the fermentation period was 24 d. Based on the calculation of the economic benefits of technical equipment application in large-scale dairy farms, it was concluded that the investment recovery period was about 4 years, which was about 1.3 years less than the traditional wet anaerobic fermentation technology. This research can provide a theoretical basis for the efficient operation of the sequencing batch anaerobic dry fermentation technology in the actual application process. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 25

Main heading: Process control

Controlled terms: Batch reactors? - ?Biogas? - ?Economics? - ?Fermentation? - ?Heating? - ?Investments? - ?Spray nozzles

Uncontrolled terms: Aeration system? - ?Anaerobics? - ?Anerobic dry fermentation? - ?Dry fermentation? - ?Fermentation equipment? - ?Micro aerobic pre-heating? - ?Micro aerobics? - ?Pre-heating? - ?Sequential batch? - ?Spray systems

Classification code: 522 Gas Fuels? - ?631.1 Fluid Flow, General? - ?802.1 Chemical Plants and Equipment? - ?821.5 Agricultural Wastes? - ?971 Social Sciences

Numerical data indexing: Age 1.30E+00yr, Age 4.00E+00yr, Percentage 8.733E+01%, Size 3.70E-01m, Size 5.00E-01m, Size 6.00E-01m, Size 7.00E-01m, Size 8.00E-02m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.09.039

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

7. Three-dimensional Point Cloud Automatic Registration for Dwarf and Dense Planted Jujube Tree Based on Skeleton Points

Accession number: 20214111012269

Title of translation:

Authors: Ma, Baojian (1, 2); Yan, Jinshan (1); Wang, Le (1); Jiang, Huanyu (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou; 310058, China; (2) College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Xinjiang Institute of Technology, Aksu; 843100, China

Corresponding author: Jiang, Huanyu(hyjiang@zju.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 9

Issue date: September 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 24-32

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: The current planting pattern of dwarf and dense jujube tree was increasingly conducive to mechanized harvesting, spraying and automated pruning, in which pruning of jujube tree removed redundant or overgrown branches and controlled tree structure to increase yield and extend life cycle. There were two main pruning methods: artificial pruning and whole geometric pruning. The quality of artificial pruning which was low efficiency, high labor cost and labor intensity was high. Higher efficiency can be achieved through whole geometric pruning with pruning machine adopted fixed distance, but wrong and missing pruning was serious. Automatic selective pruning reduced cost of labor, with a large number of useful branches being protected. In order to meet the requirement of automatic selective pruning of jujube tree, a complete 3D model of tree was needed. To ensure that two frames of point clouds of two fixed cameras were matched together with high accuracy, point cloud registration revisited algorithm was used. A system platform was built with two Azure Kinect DK depth cameras to obtain two fames of point clouds of a same tree in two positions with 55 degrees rotation difference. In order to register these two frames automatically, skeleton points based registration pipeline was proposed. Firstly, skeleton points¡¯ eigenvectors were calculated with fast point feature histograms (FPFH). Then, sample consensus initial alignment (SAC-IA) was applied for rough registering. Finally, fine registration with ICP algorithm was done with KD-tree acceleration to obtain a completed 3D branches model. The registration precision and time for the different natural environments were compared in the experiment, and results showed that illumination had a significant influence on the number of point clouds of jujube tree collected by the system. As a result, jujube branches 3D model were partially incomplete in sunny days, while complete jujube branches can be reconstructed in cloudy days and at night. In sunny days, the registration time was the minimum, only 0.09 s, and error was the largest with fitting score of 0.000 29; in cloudy day the registration time was 0.12 s between sunny days and night, and the error was the smallest with fitting score of 0.000 11. Compared with sunny and cloudy days, registration time was the longest at 0.16 s at night, and the error was between sunny and cloudy days. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 40

Main heading: Errors

Controlled terms: 3D modeling? - ?Cameras? - ?Efficiency? - ?Forestry? - ?Life cycle? - ?Musculoskeletal system? - ?Three dimensional computer graphics? - ?Trees (mathematics)? - ?Wages

Uncontrolled terms: 3D models? - ?3d-modeling? - ?Cloudy days? - ?Jujube tree? - ?Point cloud registration? - ?Point-clouds? - ?RGB-D camera? - ?Selective pruning? - ?Skeleton point? - ?Sunny days

Classification code: 461.3 Biomechanics, Bionics and Biomimetics? - ?723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing? - ?723.5 Computer Applications? - ?742.2 Photographic Equipment? - ?821.0 Woodlands and Forestry? - ?912.4 Personnel? - ?913.1 Production Engineering? - ?921.4 Combinatorial Mathematics, Includes Graph Theory, Set Theory

Numerical data indexing: Time 1.20E-01s, Time 1.60E-01s, Time 9.00E-02s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.09.003

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

8. Optimization and Sensitivity Analysis of Border Irrigation Performance in Hetao Irrigation District

Accession number: 20214111012257

Title of translation:

Authors: Fan, Leilei (1); Shi, Haibin (1); Li, Ruiping (1); Miao, Qingfeng (1); Pei, Wenwu (2); Hua, Zhimin (3)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Water Conservation and Civil Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot; 010018, China; (2) Inner Mongolia Hetao Irrigation District Administration, Bayannur; 015000, China; (3) Water Conservancy and Hydropower Survey and Design Institute of Inner Mongolia, Huhhot; 010020, China

Corresponding author: Shi, Haibin(shi_haibin@sohu.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 9

Issue date: September 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 280-290

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Aiming at the problem of low irrigation efficiency caused by wide border fields and large blocks in the Hetao Irrigation District, in order to explore suitable technical parameters of border irrigation under changing conditions, based on the typical experiments of Shenwu Irrigation Area in Hetao Irrigation District, different irrigation design schemes were used to compare typical sandy soils. The irrigation quality of the field block (length¡Áwidth was 80 m¡Á25 m) was evaluated, and the sensitivity changes of different variable parameters to the optimal irrigation performance indicators were analyzed on the basis of the WinSRFR model simulation. The results showed that when the size of the sand border field (80 m¡Á25 m) was large, the irrigation effect was poor, and at the medium flow rate (into the border flow Q=20 L/s, single-width flow q=0.80 L/(m?s)), reducing the field area of the tail by 25% (ie: changing the water percentage from 1.0 to 0.75) can save 40% of the irrigation time, and reduce 16% of the irrigation water leakage loss during the flow of water. After adopting the improved field size, irrigation time and irrigation design scheme, the irrigation effect was significantly improved compared with the typical field. The vertically divided field (80 m¡Á12.5 m) was at a larger flow level (Q was 26~30 L/s, q was 2.08~2.40 L/(m?s)), irrigation efficiency was increased from 67%~80% to 97%~99%, irrigation uniformity was increased from 0.59~0.79 to 0.84~0.95, water storage efficiency was decreased from 1.17 to 0.76, and it can save more than 20% of the current irrigation time, and the medium flow rate (Q=20 L/s, q=1.60 L/(m?s)) can save 40% of the irrigation time while obtaining better irrigation performance, and the water saving effect was significant. Different variable parameters had the same changing law for the irrigation performance evaluation index. The planned water demand depth had a significant impact on the irrigation performance. The irrigation performance was less affected by the slope of the field and the length of the border in the case of a very small single-width flow. It was recommended that the sand border field size used in the irrigation area was 80 m¡Á12.5 m, and the best single-width flow rate and irrigation time combination can be selected according to the actual different incoming water flow rates. The research results can provide a theoretical basis for the sustainable development of border irrigation in the irrigation area. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 33

Main heading: Efficiency

Controlled terms: Irrigation? - ?Quality control? - ?Sand? - ?Water conservation

Uncontrolled terms: Border irrigation? - ?Design scheme? - ?Hetao irrigation districts? - ?Irrigation area? - ?Irrigation design? - ?Irrigation efficiency? - ?Irrigation performance? - ?Sensitivity? - ?Width flow? - ?WinSRFR model

Classification code: 444 Water Resources? - ?483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods? - ?913.1 Production Engineering? - ?913.3 Quality Assurance and Control

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.60E+01%, Percentage 2.00E+01%, Percentage 2.50E+01%, Percentage 4.00E+01%, Percentage 6.70E+01%, Percentage 8.00E+01% to 9.70E+01%, Percentage 9.90E+01%, Size 1.25E+01m, Size 2.50E+01m, Size 8.00E+01m, Volume 1.60E-03m3, Volume 2.00E-02m3, Volume 2.08E-03m3 to 2.40E-03m3, Volume 2.60E-02m3 to 3.00E-02m3, Volume 8.00E-04m3

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.09.032

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

9. Scale Effect on Soil Salinization Simulation in Arid Oasis Based on Machine Learning Methods

Accession number: 20214111012332

Title of translation:

Authors: Chen, Xiangyue (1, 2); Ding, Jianli (1, 2); Ge, Xiangyu (1, 2); Wang, Fei (1, 2); Wang, Jingzhe (3)

Author affiliation: (1) Key Laboratory of Smart City and Environment Modelling of Higher Education Institute, Xinjiang University, Urumqi; 800046, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi; 830046, China; (3) MNR Key Laboratory for Geo-Environmental Monitoring of Great Bay Area, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen; 518060, China

Corresponding author: Ding, Jianli(watarid@xju.edu.cnemailwatarid@xju.edu.cn)Ding, Jianli(watarid@xju.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 9

Issue date: September 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 312-320

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Soil salinity is one of the crucial factors which affects eco-environmental quality in the oasis of arid regions. Consequently, there is a great need to monitor soil salinity for prevention and mitigation of land degradation and further promote regional sustainable development. The variation in soil salinity is affected by environmental factors that occur at different scales with varying intensities. It is critical to adequately consider environmental variables under scale effects for digital soil mapping which has been minimally discussed in previous studies. Totally 58 soil samples were collected from the Qitai Oasis, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China. In the laboratory, the soil samples were prepared for analysis of electrical conductivity (EC) when prepared into suspensions 1:5 in soil and distilled water ratio. In addition, the corresponding Landsat-5 TM data was collected and preprocessed for up-scale transformation by raster resampling (spatial resolution were 30~990 m) and neighborhood filtering (window size were 3¡Á3, 5¡Á5,..., 31¡Á31), and the environmental variables (vegetation index (VI), normalized difference infrared index (NDII), principal component analysis (PCA), and tasseled cap transformation (TC)) were further generated. Then, the gradient boosting decision tree (GBDT) model was employed for the estimation of surface soil salinity based on these 720 environmental variables at various spatial scales. The results showed that for individual scale mode, the neighborhood filtering method based on 30 m pretreated data was generally better than those of the raster resampling modes, and the maximum analytical power reached 78.55% and 75.31%, respectively. In terms of mixed scale, the analytical effect of soil salinity was significantly improved compared with the mode of individual scale, and the analytical power could reach up to 90.66%, which suggested the effective information complementarity. Compared with the neighborhood filtering, the range of adjusts R2 of the resampling mode was broader, which indicated that the scale transformation of grid resampling was more sensitive to the characterization of the relationship between soil salinity and environmental variables. The research result was helpful for understanding specific scale-dependent relationships and had the potential to reveal the scale control of soil salinity variation in arid regions. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 35

Main heading: Arid regions

Controlled terms: Decision trees? - ?Metadata? - ?Principal component analysis? - ?Remote sensing? - ?Soil surveys? - ?Soils? - ?Sustainable development

Uncontrolled terms: Environment variable? - ?Environmental variables? - ?Neighborhood filtering? - ?Neighbourhood? - ?Remote-sensing? - ?Resampling? - ?Scale effects? - ?Soil salinity? - ?Soil salinization? - ?Soil sample

Classification code: 443 Meteorology? - ?444 Water Resources? - ?483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?921.4 Combinatorial Mathematics, Includes Graph Theory, Set Theory? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics? - ?961 Systems Science

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 7.531E+01%, Percentage 7.855E+01%, Percentage 9.066E+01%, Size 1.27E-01m, Size 3.00E+01m, Size 3.00E+01m to 9.90E+02m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.09.035

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

10. Design and Experiment of 3YZ-80A Crawler Self-propelled Corn Interrow Sprayer

Accession number: 20214111012202

Title of translation: 3YZ-80A

Authors: Wang, Weiwei (1, 2); Xie, Jinjie (1); Chen, Liqing (1, 2); Liu, Lichao (1, 2); Quan, Longzhe (1, 2); Liu, Lu (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Engineering, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei; 230036, China; (2) Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei; 230036, China

Corresponding author: Chen, Liqing(lqChen@ahau.edu.cnemaillqChen@ahau.edu.cn)Chen, Liqing(lqChen@ahau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 9

Issue date: September 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 106-114

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Aiming at the problems of high labor intensity, low efficiency, poor penetration of traditional plant protection machines, and poor walking stability under narrow row spacing in the middle and late stages of corn, 3YZ-80A crawler self-propelled corn interrow sprayer was designed according to the requirements of corn planting agronomy and pest control in the middle of canopy. The machine was mainly composed of an adaptive profile track differential drive chassis, a Y-type dual-nozzle pulse spray device, and a spray monitoring system, which can meet the space requirements for plant protection operations under the narrow row of corn leaves below 600 mm. In order to improve operation efficiency and spray effect, the spray angle, nozzle position, and spraying distance were taken as experiment factors, the volume median diameter D50 was used as the performance evaluation index of spray system, the quadratic rotation orthogonal combination experiment was carried out. the variance and response surface analysis of the data were carried out by using Design-Expert 8.0.6 software, the mathematical regression model between the experimental factors and the indicators was established, and the significant factor was analyzed. The influence change rule of the evaluation index was obtained, and the optimal combination parameters of the nozzle were obtained: the Y-type spray angle was 60¡ã, the position of the liquid nozzle on the nozzle was 0.61 m, and the distance between the spray nozzle of the fog machine and the receiving surface was 2.37 m. Field test results showed that with the increase of operating speed, the effective prevention and control area of the self-propelled interrow sprayer was significantly reduced; when the range was 0.6~1.1 m/s, the droplet coverage was more than 10% effective. The spraying width was 6~8 m; when it was greater than 1.3 m/s, the effective spraying width with a droplet coverage greater than 10% was less than 4 m. The research result can provide technical support for the development and improvement of narrow row spacing plant protection equipment applied to high-stem crops. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 27

Main heading: Drops

Controlled terms: Chassis? - ?Digital storage? - ?Efficiency? - ?Plants (botany)? - ?Regression analysis? - ?Spray nozzles? - ?Surface analysis

Uncontrolled terms: Crawler chassi? - ?Labour intensity? - ?Median diameters? - ?Narrow row spacing? - ?Plant protection? - ?Pulse type? - ?Spray angle? - ?Sprayer? - ?Summer corns? - ?Volume median diameter of droplet

Classification code: 631.1 Fluid Flow, General? - ?662.4 Automobile and Smaller Vehicle Components? - ?663.2 Heavy Duty Motor Vehicle Components? - ?722.1 Data Storage, Equipment and Techniques? - ?913.1 Production Engineering? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics? - ?951 Materials Science

Numerical data indexing: Electric current 3.00E+00A to 8.00E+01A, Percentage 1.00E+01%, Size 2.37E+00m, Size 4.00E+00m, Size 6.00E+00m to 8.00E+00m, Size 6.00E-01m, Size 6.10E-01m, Velocity 1.30E+00m/s, Velocity 6.00E-01m/s to 1.10E+00m/s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.09.012

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

11. Water and Fertilizer Irrigation Decision of Melon Based on Grey Relation Analysis and TOPSIS Coupling Model

Accession number: 20214111012222

Title of translation: TOPSIS

Authors: Zhang, Zhi (1, 2); Yang, Zhi (1, 2); Li, Jinglai (1, 2); Zhang, Mengchi (1); Li, Rui (1, 2); He, Daiwei (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; 712100, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Engineering in Northwest, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling; 712100, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 9

Issue date: September 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 302-311 and 330

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Aiming to implement accurate and effective water and fertilizer management for the efficient and intensive production of melons in facilities. The melon of ¡°Qianyu No.6¡± was selected as test material, in a double-layer large-span greenhouse in Yangling, Shaanxi from April to July in 2020. With two factors of water and fertilizer, three irrigation levels were designed based on the crop transpiration (ETc) (W1: low water, 75%ETc, W2: medium water, 100%ETc, W3: high water, 125%ETc) and three fertilization rates were calculated according to the target yield method (F1: low fertilizer 758.44 kg/hm2, F2: medium fertilizer 948.05 kg/hm2, F3: high fertilizer 1 137.66 kg/hm2). To investigate the effects of different water and fertilizer conditions on the growth, yield, quality and water and fertilizer use efficiency and the optimal irrigation and fertilization plan was determined by using a comprehensive evaluation method. The results showed that the coupling of water and fertilizer had different effects on the indicators of melon. The total of 12 indicators from four categories of growth, yield, quality, and profitability were combined and weighed based on game theory. The total yield got the largest comprehensive weight of 0.343, and the lowest weight was obtained from free amino acid content of 0.007. Comprehensive evaluation was carried out based on gray relation analysis and TOPSIS coupling model, and the compound closeness was the best under the medium levels of both irrigation and fertilization. The combined application of fertilization had a significant interaction effect on the comprehensive growth of melon, and the tendencies of irrigation and fertilization on the comprehensive growth of melon were observed first increasing and then decreasing, which was consistent with actual production. Melon had the highest comprehensive growth score when the irrigation amount was 810.52~990.64 m3/hm2 and the fertilization rate was 853.25~1 042.85 kg/hm2, which was the optimal water and fertilization application plan. The research result can provide a basis for the scientific management of water and fertilizer in the production of melon in local greenhouse. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 40

Main heading: Fertilizers

Controlled terms: Efficiency? - ?Game theory? - ?Greenhouses? - ?Irrigation? - ?Quality control? - ?Water management

Uncontrolled terms: Fertilisation? - ?Fertilizer use? - ?Gray relation analysis? - ?Melon? - ?Quality? - ?TOPSIS? - ?Use efficiency? - ?Water and fertilizer use efficiency? - ?Water use? - ?Yield

Classification code: 804 Chemical Products Generally? - ?821.2 Agricultural Chemicals? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods? - ?821.6 Farm Buildings and Other Structures? - ?913.1 Production Engineering? - ?913.3 Quality Assurance and Control? - ?922.1 Probability Theory

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.00E+02%, Percentage 1.25E+02%, Percentage 7.50E+01%, Size 8.1052E+02m to 9.9064E+02m, Mass 1.3766E+02kg, Mass 4.285E+01kg, Mass 7.5844E+02kg, Mass 9.4805E+02kg

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.09.034

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

12. Monitoring Index of Rice Bacterial Blight Based on Hyperspectral Fractal Dimension

Accession number: 20214111012265

Title of translation:

Authors: Cao, Yifei (1); Yuan, Peisen (2); Wang, Haoyun (2); Korohou, Tchalla Wiyao (1); Fan, Jiaqin (3); Xu, Huanliang (2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing; 210095, China; (2) College of Artificial Intelligence, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing; 210095, China; (3) College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing; 210095, China

Corresponding author: Xu, Huanliang(huanliangxu@njau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 9

Issue date: September 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 134-140

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: With the rapid development of rice phenotype research, rice disease research has also made significant progress as an essential part of rice phenotype research. Bacterial blight disease is one of the three major diseases of rice. Still, there is a lack of an effective spectral index for monitoring whether rice leaves are infected with bacterial blight. Taking rice leaves at the tillering stage as the research object, totally 200 pieces of rice leaves inoculated with Xanthomonas oryzae, and control group were collected respectively. A hyperspectral imaging device was used to obtain the spectral data of rice leaves in the band of 373~1 033 nm, and eventually, the band of 450~900 nm was selected. The hyperspectral data of rice leaves in the wave band was used as a sample. The region of interest (ROI) was selected from each sample and the average spectrum was calculated. After applying Savtzky-Golay smoothing, the average spectrum curve was obtained. In order to quantitatively describe whether the rice leaves were infected or not, the spectral fractal dimension (FD) as a monitoring spectral index for quantitatively describing rice bacterial leaf blight disease was used. By analyzing the spectral index (SI) and FD, the multivariate linear relationship between SI and FD was established, and the effectiveness of FD and other commonly used monitoring indexes for bacterial blight monitoring were compared. The results showed that the response of rice bacterial leaf blight in the green peak (510~560 nm) and red valley (650~690 nm) spectrum was more sensitive; for healthy and susceptible leaves, there was a good relationship between FD and SI. The multivariate linear relationship of FD indicated that FD had a good corresponding relationship with the spectral curve, which can be used as a spectral index to quantitatively describe the health of leaves; compared with the commonly used monitoring index, the proposed disease monitoring index had a high correlation with whether rice was infected or not. The correlation coefficient reached 0.984 0, and the distribution was more stable. The results indicated that the fractal dimension based on the spectral reflectance curve was feasible for judging whether rice leaves were infected with bacterial blight and provided a method for early monitoring of rice bacterial blight. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 32

Main heading: Spectroscopy

Controlled terms: Curve fitting? - ?Finite difference method? - ?Fractal dimension? - ?Hyperspectral imaging? - ?Image segmentation? - ?Monitoring

Uncontrolled terms: Bacterial blight? - ?Bacterial blight disease? - ?HyperSpectral? - ?Leaf blights? - ?Linear relationships? - ?Monitoring index? - ?Rice? - ?Rice leaves? - ?Spectra¡¯s? - ?Spectral indices

Classification code: 746 Imaging Techniques? - ?921 Mathematics? - ?921.6 Numerical Methods

Numerical data indexing: Size 3.30E-08m, Size 4.50E-07m to 9.00E-07m, Size 5.10E-07m to 5.60E-07m, Size 6.50E-07m to 6.90E-07m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.09.015

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

13. Simulation and Analysis of Forced-air Precooling of Apples with Vertical Air Supply

Accession number: 20214111012179

Title of translation:

Authors: Jin, Tao (1, 2); Li, Bo (1, 2); Zhu, Zongsheng (3); Han, Siyu (3); Wei, Jianjian (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou; 310027, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Refrigeration and Cryogenic Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou; 310027, China; (3) Tianjin Key Laboratory of Refrigeration Technology, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin; 300134, China

Corresponding author: Wei, Jianjian(weijzju@zju.edu.cnemailweijzju@zju.edu.cn)Wei, Jianjian(weijzju@zju.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 9

Issue date: September 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 369-375

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Forced-air precooling is helpful in preserving the quality of fruits and vegetables. Compared with the traditional horizontal pattern, the vertical forced-air precooling has higher cooling efficiency. Computational fluid dynamics model of vertical forced-air precooling of apples was built to analyze the influence of air-inflow velocity, air-inflow temperature and the ratio of vessel aperture area on the performance of vertical forced-air precooling. It was found that when the air-inflow velocity was increased from 0.5 m/s to 2.5 m/s, the cooling time of apple was decreased from 127 min to 90 min, the main variation of the center of apples was decreased from 0.51 to 0.20, and the weight loss rate was decreased from 0.007 86% to 0.005 70%. When the air-inflow temperature was increased from 2 to 6, the cooling time remained unchanged and the finishing temperature was close to the air supply temperature. When the opening area of box was increased from 15% to 30%, the cooling rate was almost unchanged, the pressure drop was decreased from 418 Pa to 86.8 Pa, the mean variation of the center of apples was increased from 0.73 to 1.11, and the weight loss rate was about 0.006%. Concerned with the actual situation, the optimal pre-cooling air-inflow velocity of vertical forced-air precooling was about 2.0 m/s, which was lower than that of horizontal forced-air precooling. It was advisable to adopt the smaller box opening area to ensure the structural strength if the pressure drop was acceptable. In order to reduce the weight loss rate, air should flow evenly over all apple surfaces to ensure the surface temperatures drop as quickly as possible. By comparing with the experimental data, it was found that the results obtained by the model adopted were basically consistent with the trend of the experimental results, and the maximum temperature difference did not exceed 1.5, which can be used to evaluate the performance of precooling with air pressure difference in vertical delivery of apples. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 28

Main heading: Fruits

Controlled terms: Air? - ?Computational efficiency? - ?Computational fluid dynamics? - ?Cooling? - ?Drops? - ?Pressure drop

Uncontrolled terms: Air inflow? - ?Air supply? - ?Cooling performance? - ?Cooling time? - ?Forced-air precooling? - ?Inflow velocity? - ?Opening areas? - ?Performance? - ?Vertical air supply? - ?Weight loss rates

Classification code: 641.2 Heat Transfer? - ?723.5 Computer Applications? - ?804 Chemical Products Generally? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?931.1 Mechanics

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.50E+01% to 3.00E+01%, Percentage 6.00E-03%, Percentage 7.00E+01%, Percentage 8.60E+01% to 5.00E-03%, Pressure 4.18E+02Pa to 8.68E+01Pa, Time 7.62E+03s to 5.40E+03s, Velocity 2.00E+00m/s, Velocity 5.00E-01m/s to 2.50E+00m/s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.09.042

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

14. Estimation of Maize Yield Based on Shapley Value Combination Forecasting

Accession number: 20214111012244

Title of translation: Shapley

Authors: Wang, Pengxin (1); Qiao, Chen (1); Li, Li (2); Zhou, Xijia (1); Xu, Lianxiang (2); Hu, Yajing (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China

Corresponding author: Li, Li(lilixch@cau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 9

Issue date: September 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 221-229

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Aiming to promote the application of machine learning in agriculture field and improve accuracy of the maize yield estimation, the central plain of Hebei Province was selected as the study area, which includes fifty-three counties (districts). Vegetation temperature condition index (VTCI) and leaf area index (LAI)at the main growth stages of maize were selected as key crop growth indicators for estimating the maize yield by using two machine learning methods, extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) and random forest (RF), and as well as their combination. Firstly, the XGBoost and RF were used to estimate yield of maize from 2010 to 2017, then the XGBoost and RF¡¯s weights were determined by combination forecasting model by using the Shapley value method, and finally maize yield of each county in 2012 was estimated based on the combination forecasting model. The results showed that the mean relative error (MRE) and root mean square error (RMSE) between the estimated yield of maize and the actual yield were 9.86% and 831.14 kg/km2, respectively. The accuracy of the combination forecasting model (R2=0.52, P ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 29

Main heading: Mean square error

Controlled terms: Adaptive boosting? - ?Agricultural robots? - ?Decision trees? - ?Forecasting? - ?Game theory? - ?Machine learning? - ?Pixels? - ?Random forests? - ?Vegetation

Uncontrolled terms: Combination forecasting? - ?Combination forecasting models? - ?Estimation of yield? - ?Hebei Province? - ?Leaf Area Index? - ?Maize? - ?Maize yield? - ?Shapley value? - ?Study areas? - ?Vegetation temperature condition index

Classification code: 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications? - ?723.4.2 Machine Learning? - ?731.5 Robotics? - ?821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment? - ?921.4 Combinatorial Mathematics, Includes Graph Theory, Set Theory? - ?922.1 Probability Theory? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics? - ?961 Systems Science

Numerical data indexing: Mass 8.3114E+02kg, Percentage 9.86E+00%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.09.026

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

15. Discriminant Analysis on Potato Blackheart Defect Based on Energy Spectrum and Absorbance Spectrum

Accession number: 20214111012293

Title of translation:

Authors: Han, Yafen (1); Zhao, Qingliang (1); L¨¹, Chengxu (1); Yang, Bingnan (1); Cao, Youfu (1); Yuan, Yanwei (1)

Author affiliation: (1) The State Key Laboratory of Soil-Plant-Machine System Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Sciences, Beijing; 100083, China

Corresponding author: Yuan, Yanwei(yyw215@163.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 9

Issue date: September 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 376-382

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: During the storage, under high temperature and hypoxia, potato internal flesh tends to become black. It seriously reduces the quality of processed potato products and the utilization of raw materials. Blackheart potatoes can not be distinguished from their appearance. The traditional detection method requires the potato to be cut to judge, which is only suitable for sampling inspection. Potato spectrum data were collected based on the self-developed potato internal quality spectrum detection device. The energy spectrum and absorbance spectrum data of 234 healthy potatoes and 236 blackheart potatoes were collected respectively. The sample set was divided into calibration set and validation set at a ratio of 3:1 by random. The sensitivity, specificity, and classification accuracy were used as model evaluation indexes. Based on the absorbance spectrum, after pretreatment by Auto, the partial least squares-linear discriminant analysis (PLS-LDA) model for potato blackheart defect was established in the range of 500~950 nm. The competitive adaptive reweighting sampling (CARS) algorithm and successive projection algorithm (SPA) were adopted jointly to screen key variables. As a result, the sensitivity, specificity, and total accuracy of the optimal discrimination model for blackheart potato, with 9 variables, reached 98.87%, 98.30% and 98.44%, respectively. Based on the energy spectrum, the dual-wavelength correlation analysis method was adopted. The energy difference and ratio of any wavelength pair were calculated for the correlation analysis of blackheart defect. Finally, the linear discriminant analysis (LDA) was established by the energy ratios of two variables T699/T435. The sensitivity, specificity and total accuracy of the discrimination model reached 97.71%, 96.15% and 97.67%, respectively. Therefore, both the CARS-SPA-PLS-LDA model based on the absorbance spectrum and the (T699/T435)-LDA model based on the energy spectrum could identify blackheart potato effectively. Compared with the absorbance spectrum model, the energy spectrum model used only two variables. It was simple, stable, and had a wide applicability, which solved the limits of the two reference, white and dark background. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 32

Main heading: Spectroscopy

Controlled terms: Coherent scattering? - ?Correlation methods? - ?Defects? - ?Digital storage? - ?Discriminant analysis? - ?Least squares approximations? - ?Spectrum analysis

Uncontrolled terms: Absorbance spectrum? - ?Blackheart defect? - ?Discriminant analysis model? - ?Energy absorbance? - ?Energy spectrum? - ?Linear discriminant analyze? - ?Potato? - ?Spectra datum? - ?Transmission spectrums? - ?VIS-NIR transmission spectrum

Classification code: 711 Electromagnetic Waves? - ?722.1 Data Storage, Equipment and Techniques? - ?903.1 Information Sources and Analysis? - ?921.6 Numerical Methods? - ?922 Statistical Methods? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics? - ?951 Materials Science

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 9.615E+01%, Percentage 9.767E+01%, Percentage 9.771E+01%, Percentage 9.83E+01%, Percentage 9.844E+01%, Percentage 9.887E+01%, Size 5.00E-07m to 9.50E-07m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.09.043

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

16. Design and Experimental Optimization of Spray Device for Air-fed Annular Nozzle of Sprayer

Accession number: 20214111012229

Title of translation:

Authors: Li, Jianping (1); Bian, Yongliang (1); Huo, Peng (2); Wang, Pengfei (1); Xue, Chunlin (1); Yang, Xin (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding; 071000, China; (2) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China

Corresponding author: Yang, Xin(yangxin@hebau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 9

Issue date: September 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 79-88

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Aiming at the problems that the traditional air-fed spraying system of sprayer is difficult to accurately control the air volume, resulting in serious drift phenomenon and low utilization rate of liquid medicine, a spraying system with axial fan and annular nozzle was designed. The size parameters of annular nozzle and the installation position of nozzle were determined by CFD fluid simulation, benchmarking test and flow field simulation in annular nozzle. Single-factor and multi-factor orthogonal experiments were designed to study the effects of fan port wind speed, fan nozzle type and nozzle installation inclination angle on spray effect, and then the best spray parameter combination was determined. The results showed that the annular nozzle should be set in the center of the outlet end face of the axial fan, and the three nozzles were evenly distributed on the annular nozzle at an angle of 120¡ã. Under the pneumatic action of the fan, the peak value of fog droplet deposition was in the range of 0.5~1.5 m from the fan port, and the working distance between the air spray device and the target fruit tree should not exceed 1.5 m. The air force of the fan was helpful to refine the fog drops, but the outlet wind speed should not be greater than or equal to 8 m/s. There was a significant correlation between the overall spray performance and the nozzle inclination (P2, which indicated that the optimized model was reliable. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 26

Main heading: Drops

Controlled terms: Computational fluid dynamics? - ?Deposition? - ?Fans? - ?Installation? - ?Spray nozzles? - ?Wind

Uncontrolled terms: Air feeds? - ?Air-feed orchard sprayer? - ?Annular nozzle? - ?Axial fans? - ?Fan nozzles? - ?Nozzle types? - ?Orchard sprayers? - ?Orthogonal test? - ?Spray systems? - ?Spraying system

Classification code: 443.1 Atmospheric Properties? - ?618.3 Blowers and Fans? - ?631.1 Fluid Flow, General? - ?723.5 Computer Applications? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations? - ?931.1 Mechanics

Numerical data indexing: Size 1.50E+00m, Size 5.00E-01m to 1.50E+00m, Velocity 6.00E+00m/s, Velocity 8.00E+00m/s, Volume 5.08E-03m3

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.09.009

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

17. Effects of Aerated Irrigation on Rice Growth and Soil Reducibility under Wheat Straw Returning Conditions

Accession number: 20214111012324

Title of translation:

Authors: Li, Jiang (1); Pan, Yanchuan (1); Jiao, Xiyun (1, 2); Hu, Weiyu (1); Liu, Yong (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing; 210098, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing; 210098, China

Corresponding author: Jiao, Xiyun(xyjiao@hhu.edu.cnemailxyjiao@hhu.edu.cn)Jiao, Xiyun(xyjiao@hhu.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 9

Issue date: September 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 250-259

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to reveal the effects of micro-nano aerated irrigation on rice growth under straw returning condition in wheat-rice rotation area and put forward the optimal aerated irrigation method, rice pot experiments were conducted and six experiment treatments were set up, i.e., no straw returning with no aeration irrigation treatment (CK), wheat straw returning with no aeration irrigation treatment (ST), wheat straw returning with 0.3 L/min air intake micro-nano aerated irrigation treatment (SO1), wheat straw returning with 0.5 L/min air intake micro-nano aerated irrigation treatment (SO2), wheat straw returning with 0.7 L/min air intake micro-nano aerated irrigation treatment (SO3), and wheat straw returning with 0.9 L/min air intake micro-nano aerated irrigation treatment (SO4). The soil reduction characteristics and rice growth under different treatments were observed. Results showed that straw returning could enhance the soil reducibility significantly. Micro-nano aerated irrigation could improve the soil reducibility, and the improvement effect would be enhanced gradually with the increase of air intake volume. When the air intake volume was 0.9 L/min, the contents of soil reductive organic matter, Fe2+ and Mn2+ could be reduced by 48.66%, 56.11% and 42.76%, respectively. Aerated irrigation with an air intake of 0.5~0.7 L/min could promote the growth and development of rice, alleviate the problem of the rice growth inhibition in the early stage caused by straw returning, and promote the growth of rice roots, which was conducive to rice photosynthesis, promoting the accumulation of dry matter, and thereby increasing the rice yield. The highest yield improvement could be reached 19.7% after aerated irrigation. Considering the effect of micro-nano aerated irrigation on soil reducibility and rice growth, micro-nano bubble water with dissolved oxygen concentration of 8.06 mg/L (SO3 treatment) was recommended to irrigate rice under straw returning conditions in wheat-rice rotation areas. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 37

Main heading: Soils

Controlled terms: Air intakes? - ?Dissolved oxygen? - ?Irrigation? - ?Straw

Uncontrolled terms: Condition? - ?Crop growth? - ?Irrigation treatments? - ?Micro-nano aeration? - ?Micro/nano? - ?Rice? - ?Rice growths? - ?Soil reducibility? - ?Straw returning? - ?Wheat straws

Classification code: 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?631.1 Fluid Flow, General? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods? - ?821.5 Agricultural Wastes

Numerical data indexing: Mass density 8.06E-03kg/m3, Percentage 1.97E+01%, Percentage 4.276E+01%, Percentage 4.866E+01%, Percentage 5.611E+01%, Volume 3.00E-04m3, Volume 5.00E-04m3, Volume 5.00E-04m3 to 7.00E-04m3, Volume 7.00E-04m3, Volume 9.00E-04m3

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.09.029

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

18. Design and Test of Ammonia Detection Device in Broiler Chamber Based on MCU and CFD

Accession number: 20214111012320

Title of translation: MCUCFD

Authors: Zou, Xiuguo (1); Zhu, Zhongzheng (1); Su, Steven (2); Song, Yuanyuan (3); Xu, Zeying (1); Liu, Wenchao (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Artificial Intelligence, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing; 210031, China; (2) Faculty of Engineering and IT, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney; 2007, Australia; (3) College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing; 210031, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 9

Issue date: September 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 338-345

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to accurately measure the ammonia concentration in the broiler chamber during broiler breeding and precisely regulate the ammonia environment in the chamber, an active ammonia detection device, which was composed of a gas detection system, gas circulation system and auxiliary device, was designed. The device realized state switching by controlling the fan. The electrochemical ammonia module was used to detect the ambient gas. After the concentration data were analyzed and displayed by STM32 micro control unit (MCU), computational fluid dynamics (CFD) technology was used to simulate the velocity nephogram and velocity vector diagram of the device in different states. The time of each intake was determined by air age. In ammonia detecting, the air flow presented a counterclockwise circulation flow, which can make the ammonia concentration more uniform and the measurement results more accurate. The airflow velocity in the device was mostly about 2 m/s and the maximum air age was 0.804 s, so the single detection time was set to 1 s. The device detected 6 times per minute and then took the mean value as the minute value. Through the field test in the broiler chamber, the results showed that the Pearson correlation coefficient between the ammonia concentration values detected by the active ammonia detection device designed and the ammonia transmitter was 0.832, which showed that the detected results were basically consistent, with an average difference of 3.46%. Generally, the fluctuation was smaller than that of the ammonia transmitter, and the measured value was more stable. The detection device had the advantages of fast speed, high stability, and low power consumption. It can be used as an ammonia detection device in the broiler chamber, and also can provide a theoretical basis and reference for the development and improvement of ammonia detection devices in the broiler chamber and other poultry houses. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 29

Main heading: Ammonia

Controlled terms: Air? - ?Air intakes? - ?Computational fluid dynamics? - ?Correlation methods? - ?Microcontrollers? - ?Transmitters

Uncontrolled terms: Air ages? - ?Ammonia concentrations? - ?Ammonia detection? - ?Ammonia detection device? - ?Broiler chamber? - ?Design and tests? - ?Detection device? - ?Gas circulation? - ?Gas detection systems? - ?Micro control unit

Classification code: 631.1 Fluid Flow, General? - ?723.5 Computer Applications? - ?804 Chemical Products Generally? - ?804.2 Inorganic Compounds? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics? - ?931.1 Mechanics

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 3.46E+00%, Time 1.00E00s, Time 8.04E-01s, Velocity 2.00E+00m/s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.09.038

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

19. Convolutional Attention Based Plastic Mulching Farmland Identification via UAV Multispectral Remote Sensing Image

Accession number: 20214111012195

Title of translation:

Authors: Ning, Jifeng (1); Ni, Jing (1); He, Yijia (1); Li, Longfei (1); Zhao, Zhixin (1); Zhang, Zhitao (2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Information Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; 712100, China; (2) College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; 712100, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 9

Issue date: September 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 213-220

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Monitoring of planting distribution of plastic mulching farmland plays an important role in assessing the regional climate and ecological environment changes caused by it. Based on DeepLabv3+, an improved deep semantic segmentation model for plastic mulching farmland was proposed by learning the channel attention and spatial attention features for plastic mulching semantic segmentation. It can effectively segment plastic mulching farmland for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) multispectral remote sensing image. The UAV multispectral remote sensing images of four experimental plots during 2018-2019 were taken as the research data. The research area was Shahaoqu Irrigation Farmland in the Hetao Irrigation District, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. And compared with the recognition result of visible remote sensing image, by considering the appearances changes of the plastic mulching farmland, two groups of experimental schemes were designed to verify the model¡¯s generalization performance and enhance its classification accuracy respectively. The recognition effect of the improved DeepLabv3+ semantic segmentation model was 7.1 percentage points higher than that of visible light. At the same time, the deep semantic segmentation model considering the apparent changes of mulching fields had a higher classification accuracy, and its average pixel accuracy was 7.7 percentage points higher than that without considering the apparent changes of mulching fields, indicating that the diversity of training data was helpful to improve the recognition accuracy of mulching fields. Secondly, the improved DeepLabv3+ semantic segmentation model had adaptive learning of mulch attention, in both experiments, and its classification accuracy was higher than that of the original DeepLabv3+ model. It was suggested that the attention mechanism can increase the adaptability of deep semantic segmentation model and thus improve the classification accuracy. The proposed method can accurately identify plastic mulching farmland from complex scenes and provide a method reference for monitoring plastic mulching farmland and analyzing their distribution. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 29

Main heading: Semantic Segmentation

Controlled terms: Antennas? - ?Classification (of information)? - ?Farms? - ?Image enhancement? - ?Image segmentation? - ?Irrigation? - ?Learning systems? - ?Remote sensing? - ?Semantics? - ?Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)

Uncontrolled terms: Attention mechanisms? - ?Classification accuracy? - ?Deeplabv3+? - ?Multispectral remote sensing image? - ?Percentage points? - ?Plantings? - ?Plastic mulching? - ?Plastic mulching farmland? - ?Segmentation models? - ?Semantic segmentation

Classification code: 652.1 Aircraft, General? - ?716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing? - ?723.4 Artificial Intelligence? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods? - ?903.1 Information Sources and Analysis

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.09.025

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

20. Evaluation of Organic-Inorganic Nitrogen Application on Maize Yield and Nitrogen Leaching by DNDC Model

Accession number: 20214111012203

Title of translation:

Authors: Zhou, Hui (1, 2); Shi, Haibin (1, 2); Zhang, Wencong (1, 2); Wang, Weigang (1, 2); Su, Yongde (1, 2); Yan, Yan (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot; 010018, China; (2) Institute of Agricultural Water Conservancy and Soil and Water Environment in Arid Region, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot; 010018, China

Corresponding author: Shi, Haibin(shi_haibin@sohu.comemailshi_haibin@sohu.com)Shi, Haibin(shi_haibin@sohu.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 9

Issue date: September 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 291-301 and 249

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: With the aim to obtain a reasonable organic-inorganic fertilizer combination for high maize yield and reduce nitrogen leaching loss, field experiments and simulation were conducted by using the DeNitrification-DeComposition (DNDC) model to study the effect of replacing inorganic nitrogen with different ratios of organic nitrogen on maize yield and nitrate leaching loss. Six treatments were applied: no nitrogen (CK), only inorganic nitrogen (U1), and inorganic nitrogen with 25%, 50%, and 75% organic nitrogen (U3O1, U1O1, and U1O3), and only organic nitrogen (O1). The model was calibrated by using U1 treatment from 2018 to 2020 and it was verified by using the other treatments. The results showed that the DNDC model accurately simulated crop yield (NRMSE 2, as the proportion of organic nitrogen was increased, maize yield was first increased and then decreased, and nitrate nitrogen leached loss was gradually decreased. Overall, when the ratio of organic-inorganic nitrogen was 3:2, crop yield reached the highest value (12 578 kg/hm2), and nitrate nitrogen leaching loss was also acceptable (15.7 kg/hm2). This ratio was the optimal combination of organic and inorganic nitrogen for the study area. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 55

Main heading: Leaching

Controlled terms: Crops? - ?Nitrates? - ?Nitrogen fertilizers

Uncontrolled terms: Combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizer? - ?Decomposition model? - ?Denitrification-decomposition model? - ?Inorganic fertilizers? - ?Inorganic nitrogen? - ?Maize? - ?Maize yield? - ?Nitrogen leaching? - ?Organic fertilizers? - ?Yield

Classification code: 802.3 Chemical Operations? - ?804 Chemical Products Generally? - ?804.2 Inorganic Compounds? - ?821.2 Agricultural Chemicals? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products

Numerical data indexing: Mass 1.57E+01kg, Mass 2.40E+02kg, Mass 5.78E+02kg, Percentage 1.50E+01%, Percentage 2.50E+01%, Percentage 5.00E+00%, Percentage 5.00E+01%, Percentage 7.50E+01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.09.033

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

21. Design and Experiment of Rasp Bar Threshing Element of Corn Combine Harvester

Accession number: 20214111012201

Title of translation:

Authors: Wang, Zhendong (1, 2); Cui, Tao (1, 2); Zhang, Dongxing (1, 2); Yang, Li (1, 2); He, Xiantao (1, 2); Zhang, Zepeng (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Soil-Machine-Plant System Technology, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Beijing; 100083, China

Corresponding author: Cui, Tao(cuitao850919@163.comemailcuitao850919@163.com)Cui, Tao(cuitao850919@163.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 9

Issue date: September 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 115-123

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: The grain moisture content is high when corn is harvested in North China, and there is a problem of high broken rate of grain when using nail-toothed and pole-toothed threshing elements. In order to reduce the rate of broken grain during the threshing process, a rasp bar threshing element was designed. The influence of the forward inclination angle of the rasp bar on the force of the ear was analyzed and the top arc shape of the rasp bar was designed based on the size of the compression when the grain was broken. Based on EDEM the primary and secondary relationship between the rasp bar top parameters and the force of the ears was researched, and the four-factor four-level orthogonal test was designed by using the quasi-level method. The results showed that the better parameter combination of the rasp bar was forward: inclination angle was 75¡ã, top rib inclination was 25¡ã, top rib width was 6 mm, and top rib height was 10 mm. Through the bench test, the law of influence of the working parameters such as the rotor speed and the cylinder-concave clearance on the threshing effect of the drum was explored, it was found that when the moisture content of maize was 28.5%, the rotor speed was 300 r/min, the cylinder-concave clearance was 50 mm, at that time, the rates of broken grains was 5.34%. Comparing the threshing effect of different threshing elements under the optimal working parameters, it was found that the rates of broken grains were decreased from 9.91% of the pole-toothed element and 7.83% of the pin-toothed element to 5.34% of the rasp-bar element. It was proved that the rasp bar threshing element can effectively reduce the rates of broken grains. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 26

Main heading: Files and rasps

Controlled terms: Cylinders (shapes)? - ?Grain (agricultural product)? - ?Harvesters? - ?Moisture? - ?Moisture determination? - ?Poles

Uncontrolled terms: Combine harvesters? - ?Concave clearances? - ?Corn combine harvester? - ?Grain harvest? - ?Grain moisture content? - ?Inclination angles? - ?Rasp bar? - ?Rotor speed? - ?Threshing element? - ?Working parameters

Classification code: 408.2 Structural Members and Shapes? - ?605.2 Small Tools, Unpowered? - ?821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?944.2 Moisture Measurements

Numerical data indexing: Angular velocity 5.01E+00rad/s, Percentage 2.85E+01%, Percentage 5.34E+00%, Percentage 7.83E+00%, Percentage 9.91E+00%, Size 1.00E-02m, Size 5.00E-02m, Size 6.00E-03m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.09.013

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

22. Monitoring Method of Soil Moisture Based on Ultra-wide Band Radar and Multispectral Data

Accession number: 20214111012194

Title of translation:

Authors: Guo, Jiao (1, 2); Bai, Qingyuan (1); Guo, Wenchuan (1, 3)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; 712100, China; (2) Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agriculture Information Perception and Intelligent Service, Yangling; 712100, China; (3) Key Laboratory of Agricultural Internet of Things, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling; 712100, China

Corresponding author: Guo, Wenchuan(guowenchuan69@126.comemailguowenchuan69@126.com)Guo, Wenchuan(guowenchuan69@126.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 9

Issue date: September 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 241-249

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Soil moisture monitoring is an important part of precision agriculture, and it plays a key role in monitoring agricultural conditions and agricultural production. Ultra-wide band (UWB) radar has been widely used in soil moisture monitoring due to its small size, light weight, strong penetrating power and low power consumption. However, most of soil moisture retrieved with UWB radar is for the case of ideal bare soil conditions. In practical applications, surface vegetation coverage will have a great impact on the results. To solve this problem, support vector machines (SVM) model was used to predict soil moisture under different vegetation coverages in farmland scale by combining UWB radar and multispectral data, so as to eliminate or mitigate the effect of vegetation coverage. The experimental results showed that among different time-domain feature combinations extracted from UWB radar echo data, SVM model with the inputs of nine selected time domain features, including crest factor, kurtosis, root mean square, peak-to-peak value, maximum amplitude, variance, skewness, average and minimum, generated the best prediction results, and the overall accuracy and Kappa coefficient were 95.59% and 0.949 2, respectively. After adding the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), the model accuracy for different time-domain feature combinations was significantly improved. Among them, the results by combining the nine selected time-domain features and NDVI were the best, and the overall accuracy and Kappa coefficient reached 98.09% and 0.978 0, which were raised by 2.50 percentage points and 0.028 8 compared with those without considering the influence of vegetation covers. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 35

Main heading: Soil moisture

Controlled terms: Agricultural robots? - ?Agriculture? - ?Data fusion? - ?Higher order statistics? - ?Moisture control? - ?Moisture determination? - ?Radar? - ?Soil surveys? - ?Support vector machines? - ?Ultra-wideband (UWB) ? - ?Vegetation

Uncontrolled terms: Feature combination? - ?Multi-spectral? - ?Multi-spectral data? - ?Radar data? - ?Soil moisture monitoring? - ?Support vector machine models? - ?Support vectors machine? - ?Time domain features? - ?Ultra wideband radars? - ?Vegetation coverage

Classification code: 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?716.2 Radar Systems and Equipment? - ?716.3 Radio Systems and Equipment? - ?723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications? - ?723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing? - ?731.3 Specific Variables Control? - ?731.5 Robotics? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control? - ?821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics? - ?944.2 Moisture Measurements

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 9.559E+01%, Percentage 9.809E+01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.09.028

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

23. High-density Pig Counting Net Based on Multi-scale Aware

Accession number: 20214111012221

Title of translation:

Authors: Gao, Yun (1, 2); Li, Jing (1); Yu, Mei (3); Li, Xiaoping (3); Yu, Huixiang (1); Tan, Zhong (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan; 430070, China; (2) The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan; 430070, China; (3) College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan; 430070, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 9

Issue date: September 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 172-178

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Pig inventory is an important part of large-scale breeding and management of live pigs. Manual counting methods are more time-consuming and laborious, especially in pig inventory with large amounts of data. How to count high-density pig herd images with machine vision is still a difficult problem to be solved urgently. A multi-scale aware counting network was used to count pigs in high-density pig herd images. Based on the crowd counting network CSRNet, the pig counting network of pig counting net(PCN)was proposed. VGG16 was used as the front-end network to extract features, the spatial pyramid structure was used, and this structure can extract and fusion multi-scale information in the image, the back-end network used an improved dilated convolutional network. PCN added a multi-scale aware structure, expanded the back-end network receptive field, and can obtain a predicted density map by sensing multi-scale features, the predicted density map reflectedthe spatial distribution of pigs, then by integrating the density map, the number of pigs can be accurately calculated.The results showed that on the test set image with an average number of pigs of 40.71, the accuracy of PCN was better than that of the crowd counting net MCNN, CSRNet and the pig counting net that modified Counting CNN, the mean absolute error (MAE) and the root mean square error (RMSE) were 1.74 and 2.28, respectively, the lower error showed that PCN had better accuracy and robustness.The average recognition time of a single image of the final model was 0.108 s, which met the real-time processing requirements of the algorithm.The method provided a research idea for the automatic inventory of high-density group raising pigs. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 34

Main heading: Mean square error

Controlled terms: Deep learning? - ?Errors? - ?Image enhancement? - ?Mammals

Uncontrolled terms: Counting networks? - ?Deep learning? - ?Density maps? - ?High-density counting? - ?Large amounts of data? - ?Large-scales? - ?Multi-scale aware? - ?Multi-scales? - ?Pig inventory? - ?Spatial pyramids

Classification code: 461.4 Ergonomics and Human Factors Engineering? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics

Numerical data indexing: Time 1.08E-01s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.09.020

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

24. Design and Experiment of Shovel Type Wide Seedling Belt Oat Seeding Furrow Opener

Accession number: 20214111012344

Title of translation:

Authors: Liu, Rui (1, 2); Li, Yanjun (2); Liu, Chunxiao (3); Liu, Lijing (2, 4)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Sciences, Beijing; 100083, China; (3) Labdalin Farm in Inner Mongolia, Hulunbuir; 022250, China; (4) State Key Laboratory of Soil-Plant-Machinery System Technology, Beijing; 100083, China

Corresponding author: Liu, Lijing(xyliulj@sina.comemailxyliulj@sina.com)Liu, Lijing(xyliulj@sina.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 9

Issue date: September 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 89-96

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to solve the problem that the seed groove opened by furrow opener is narrow and can not adapt to the wide seedling belt of oats in sandy loam soil, based on the working principle of sliding cutting, a type of furrow opener for oat sowing was designed which can realize wide seeding belt and reduce resistance. The working principle of the furrow opener was described and the curve equation of the cutting edge was determined. The main structural parameters of the retaining surface were determined by analyzing the working resistance of the retaining surface and the cause of the seed trench with wide seedling belt. The EDEM simulation analysis method was used to carry out the ternary quadratic orthogonal rotation combination test with the operating resistance of furrow opener and the variation coefficient of seed groove width as the test response indexes, and a credible regression mathematical model was obtained. The effect of the interaction of various factors on the performance of the furrow opener was analyzed. Using genetic algorithm NSGA- regression mathematical model for multi-objective optimization, and taking soil bin as verification test, it was concluded that the optimal parameter combination was as follows: the sowing depth was 41 mm, the angle of penetration was 24¡ã, and the width of the furrow opener was 107 mm. At this time, the operating resistance was 727.1 N, and the variation coefficient of the seed groove width was 9.92%. The average value of the working resistance obtained from the soil bin verification test was 789.07 N, the average variation coefficient of seed groove width was 10.69%, compared with the optimization results, the errors were 8.52% and 7.76%, respectively. The results showed that the working effect could meet the agronomic requirements of wide seeding zone oat planting. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 25

Main heading: Genetic algorithms

Controlled terms: Multiobjective optimization? - ?Seed? - ?Soils

Uncontrolled terms: Furrow openers? - ?Groove width? - ?Oat? - ?Opener? - ?Orthogonal test? - ?Sandy loam soils? - ?Soil bins? - ?Variation coefficient? - ?Verification tests? - ?Wide seeding belt

Classification code: 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?921.5 Optimization Techniques

Numerical data indexing: Force 7.271E+02N, Force 7.8907E+02N, Percentage 1.069E+01%, Percentage 7.76E+00%, Percentage 8.52E+00%, Percentage 9.92E+00%, Size 1.07E-01m, Size 4.10E-02m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.09.010

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

25. Design and Experiment of Hand-held Vibrating Comb-type Coffea arabica L. Harvester

Accession number: 20214111012314

Title of translation:

Authors: Yu, Yingjie (1); Wang, Jian (1); Lai, Qinghui (1); Jia, Guangxin (1); Yu, Fei (1); Cao, Ying (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Agricultural and Food, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming; 650500, China

Corresponding author: Lai, Qinghui(laiqinghui007@163.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 9

Issue date: September 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 124-133

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In view of the trouble of high cost of manual harvesting and the difficulty of large-scale machinery harvesting of Coffea arabica L. in the hilly areas of Yunnan, a hand-held vibrating comb-type Coffea arabica L. harvester was designed. Through establishing the harvest dynamic model of tree-machine and ADAMS simulation, the steady-state response expression of amplitude was obtained, and the structural parameters of the key components of the device were determined. The rigid-flexible coupling model of tree-machine was established in ADAMS, and the single-factor simulation experiment of the harvester was carried out by using the methods of generalized force and sensor function control. Through this method, the effects of frequency, comb spacing and the angle between the eccentric blocks on the harvest effect of Coffea arabica L. were analyzed. Then the quadratic regression orthogonal rotation combination test was done, with the frequency, comb spacing and eccentric block angle as the test factors, and the harvesting rate of ripe coffee, the harvesting rate of unripe coffee and the breaking rate of ripe coffee as test indexes. The results of the experiments showed that the importance of the factors affecting the harvesting rate of ripe coffee and the harvesting rate of unripe coffee were frequency, comb spacing and the angle between the eccentric blocks in turn. The importance of the factors affecting the damage rate were comb spacing, frequency and the angle between the eccentric blocks in turn. When the frequency was 26 Hz, the comb spacing was 32 mm and the angle between the eccentric blocks was 22.5¡ã, the working performance of the harvester was the best. Verified by the experiments, the results showed that the harvesting rate of ripe coffee was 91.35%, the harvesting rate of unripe coffee was 8.46%, and the damage rate was 4.15%, which met the technical requirements of Coffea arabica L. harvest. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 29

Main heading: Harvesters

Controlled terms: Coffee? - ?Forestry? - ?Harvesting

Uncontrolled terms: ADAMS? - ?Coffea arabica? - ?Coffea arabicum L? - ?Damage rate? - ?Frequency combs? - ?Harvesting rate? - ?Model of tree-machine? - ?Tree machines? - ?Unripe coffees? - ?Vibrating comb-type

Classification code: 821.0 Woodlands and Forestry? - ?821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods? - ?822.3 Food Products

Numerical data indexing: Frequency 2.60E+01Hz, Percentage 4.15E+00%, Percentage 8.46E+00%, Percentage 9.135E+01%, Size 3.20E-02m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.09.014

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

26. Coupling of Water and Fertilizer Methods on Growth of Rice, Soil Respiration and Inorganic Nitrogen

Accession number: 20214111012253

Title of translation:

Authors: Zheng, Ennan (1); Zhu, Yinhao (1); Hu, Jianyu (1); Meng, Fanxiang (1); Zhang, Ge (1); Xu, Tianyu (1)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Hydraulic and Electric Power, Heilongjiang University, Harbin; 150080, China

Corresponding author: Xu, Tianyu(2021007@hlju.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 9

Issue date: September 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 272-279

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to study the effects of humic acid on rice growth, soil respiration and inorganic nitrogen with different irrigation methods, three irrigation methods (control irrigation, flood irrigation and shallow wet irrigation) and five fertilization methods, including 100% inorganic nitrogen fertilizer (T1, 110 kg/hm2), 30% humic acid fertilizer+70% inorganic nitrogen fertilizer (T2), 50% humic acid fertilizer +50% inorganic nitrogen fertilizer (T3), 70% humic acid fertilizer +30% inorganic nitrogen fertilizer (T4), 100% humic acid fertilizer (T5, 1 500 kg/hm2) were set up. The dry matter transport, carbon content of different organs, soil respiration and inorganic nitrogen were observed. The results showed that different irrigation and fertilizer treatments affected rice growth, soil respiration and nitrogen accumulation. Compared with other irrigation and fertilizer treatments, CT5, WT5 and FT5 treatments had significant advantages in dry matter transport of stems and leaves at the late heading stage, and the carbon content of each organ was relatively large at the mature stage; with the increase of humic acid content, soil respiration was increased under the three irrigation methods, the soil respiration rate under different fertilization rates with control irrigation was higher than that of flood irrigation and shallow wet irrigation, but there was no significant difference between flood irrigation and shallow wet irrigation, with the increase of humic acid, the contents of ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen was increased, and reached the maximum value under CT5 treatment. Therefore, under the control irrigation condition, application 1 500 kg/hm2 humic acid in the soil, the growth of rice and soil respiration and inorganic nitrogen content can be improved. After comprehensive consideration CT5 treatment can be the best treatment. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 31

Main heading: Irrigation

Controlled terms: Carbon? - ?Floods? - ?Nitrogen fertilizers? - ?Organic acids? - ?Soils

Uncontrolled terms: Dry matter transportation? - ?Dry matters? - ?Humic acid? - ?Humic acid fertilizer? - ?Inorganic nitrogen? - ?Inorganic nitrogen content? - ?Irrigation methods? - ?Nitrogen content? - ?Respiration rate? - ?Rice

Classification code: 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?804 Chemical Products Generally? - ?804.1 Organic Compounds? - ?821.2 Agricultural Chemicals? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods

Numerical data indexing: Mass 1.10E+02kg, Mass 5.00E+02kg, Percentage 1.00E+02%, Percentage 3.00E+01%, Percentage 5.00E+01%, Percentage 7.00E+01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.09.031

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

27. Design and Test of Weeder between Rows in Rice Field Based on Remote Control Steering

Accession number: 20214111012268

Title of translation:

Authors: Wang, Jinfeng (1); Weng, Wuxiong (1); Ju, Jinyan (2); Chen, Xinsheng (1); Wang, Jinwu (1); Wang, Hanlong (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China; (2) College of Mechanical Engineering, Heilongjiang University of Science and Technology, Harbin; 150022, China

Corresponding author: Wang, Jinwu(jinwuw@163.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 9

Issue date: September 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 97-105

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Weeds growing in paddy fields are one of the main reasons for the decline of rice yield and quality. Effective weed removal can provide good growth conditions for rice. In order to improve the efficiency of mechanical weeding, reduce the labor intensity, and solve the problems of low weeding rate and high seedling injury rate in the operation of rice field, a weeder between rows in rice field based on remote control steering was designed. The overall structure and working principle were described, and the mechanical model of weeder was established. Through static analysis, the maximum driving torque of active weeding wheel was 49.42 N?m. The steering mechanism was designed according to Ackerman¡¯s steering principle, and the theoretical value of the maximum driving torque required by trapezoidal steering mechanism was 4.57 N?m. The steering control system was designed to realize the function of automatic steering and receiving feedback information through remote control. The steering performance test was carried out, and the actual change of steering angle was recorded and compared with the theoretical change. The test results showed that the maximum deviation between the theoretical angle and the actual angle was 1.3¡ã, and the control system had high precision, which met the steering requirements of the actual operation in the field. The weeding performance test was carried out, and the field test results showed that the average weeding rate of the weeder was not less than 77.9%, the average injured seedling rate was not more than 3%, which can meet the requirements of weeding agronomic index in paddy field. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 20

Main heading: Remote control

Controlled terms: Control systems? - ?Testing

Uncontrolled terms: Design and tests? - ?Driving torques? - ?Paddy fields? - ?Performance tests? - ?Remote control steering? - ?Rice fields? - ?Rice yield? - ?Steering mechanisms? - ?Test? - ?Weede

Classification code: 731.1 Control Systems

Numerical data indexing: Force 4.57E+00N, Force 4.942E+01N, Percentage 3.00E+00%, Percentage 7.79E+01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.09.011

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

28. Design and Experiment of Fully Automatic Slide-track Type Dryland Pot Seedling Transplanting Mechanism

Accession number: 20214111012262

Title of translation:

Authors: Na, Mingjun (1); Teng, Le (1); Zhou, Zhenxiang (1); Zhou, Kun (1); Wang, Jinwu (1); Zhou, Maile (2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China; (2) School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang; 212013, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 9

Issue date: September 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 54-61

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Aiming at the problems of seedlings-damaging due to the high seedling speed, and low uprightness due to the relative horizontal movement in the transplanting process, a fully automatic slide-track type dryland pot seedling transplanting mechanism was designed. The functions of seedling retrieval, transportation, planting and resetting were realized by the slide-track mechanism, so that the movement trajectory and movement speed in the process of taking seedlings and planting reached the optimal state. Based on the theoretical analysis of the transplanting mechanism, the kinematics model were established. The computer-aided optimization design software was developed by using VB software, and a group of mechanism parameters that met the requirements of the ideal transplanting trajectory was obtained. According to the mechanism parameters, the layout design of the transplanting mechanism was carried out, and the 3D modeling were completed. The kinematics simulation analysis of the transplanting mechanism was carried out by using ADAMS software, which verified the rationality of the mechanism design. The trajectory verification process was carried out on the physical prototype using high-speed cameras. Comparison results showed that the theoretical trajectory and the simulated trajectory were consistent with the working trajectory of the prototype, which verified the correctness of the mechanism design. The mechanism performance experiment was carried out under the condition of planting frequency of 62 plants/min, and the results showed that the average seedling success rate was 95%, the average planting upright degree of the seedlings was 82¡ã, and the average uprightness of seedlings qualified rate was 93.4% which met the requirements of dryland pot seedling transplanting. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 25

Main heading: Trajectories

Controlled terms: 3D modeling? - ?Computer software? - ?High speed cameras? - ?Kinematics? - ?Machine design? - ?Seed

Uncontrolled terms: Automatic slide-track type? - ?Dry land? - ?Dryland pot seedling? - ?Horizontal movements? - ?Mechanism design? - ?Mechanism-parameters? - ?Plantings? - ?Seedlings transplanting? - ?Track mechanism? - ?Transplanting mechanisms

Classification code: 601 Mechanical Design? - ?723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications? - ?723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing? - ?742.2 Photographic Equipment? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?931.1 Mechanics

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 9.34E+01%, Percentage 9.50E+01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.09.006

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

29. Sliding Mode Anti-interference Path Tracking Method for Autonomous Operation of Paddy Field Plant Protection Machine

Accession number: 20214111012239

Title of translation:

Authors: Lin, Hongzhen (1, 2); Li, Yanming (1, 2); Yuan, Zhenghua (3); Wu, Tao (1, 2); Liu, Chengliang (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai; 200240, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Shanghai; 200240, China; (3) Shanghai Star Modern Agricultural Machinery Co., Ltd., Shanghai; 200240, China

Corresponding author: Li, Yanming(ymli@sjtu.edu.cnemailymli@sjtu.edu.cn)Li, Yanming(ymli@sjtu.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 9

Issue date: September 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 383-388

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to solve the problems of slow on-line speed, low accuracy and poor anti-interference ability of unmanned paddy field plant protection machine in field operation, a kind of paddy field plant protection machine path tracking control based on fast power reaching law and global sliding mode control was proposed. Firstly, a kinematics model of four-wheel out-of-phase steering of a paddy field plant protection aircraft containing slip interference terms and heading angle interference terms was established, and the four-wheel out-of-phase steering model was simplified to a two-wheel out-of-phase steering model. A linear operation tracking steering control algorithm based on global sliding mode control and fast power approaching law was proposed, which solved the problem that the buffeting and approaching modes of sliding mode control algorithm were sensitive to interference. The Lyapunov criterion was used to test the convergence of the algorithm. A simulation model was established by using Matlab and the algorithm was simulated. Compared with the sliding mode control algorithm based on exponential reaching law and constant velocity reaching law, the speed of the algorithm was better. The actual operation experiment results showed that the maximum absolute value of the lateral deviation of the linear tracking of this method was 0.077 8 m. Compared with the sliding mode control algorithm based on the constant velocity approaching law, the proposed method was effective in overcoming chattering and anti-interference, and can effectively improve the stability and speed of the autonomous navigation control system. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 25

Main heading: Wheels

Controlled terms: Aircraft control? - ?Flight control systems? - ?MATLAB? - ?Navigation? - ?Power control? - ?Sliding mode control

Uncontrolled terms: Anti-interference? - ?Fast power reaching law? - ?Field plants? - ?Global sliding mode control? - ?Paddy fields? - ?Path tracking? - ?Plant protection? - ?Plant protection machine? - ?Power? - ?Reaching law

Classification code: 601.2 Machine Components? - ?652 Aircraft and Avionics? - ?652.3 Aircraft Instruments and Equipment? - ?723.5 Computer Applications? - ?731.1 Control Systems? - ?731.3 Specific Variables Control? - ?921 Mathematics

Numerical data indexing: Size 8.00E+00m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.09.044

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

30. Green Walnut Detection Method Based on Improved Convolutional Neural Network

Accession number: 20214111012184

Title of translation:

Authors: Fan, Xiangpeng (1); Xu, Yan (1, 2); Zhou, Jianping (1, 2); Liu, Xinde (1); Tang, Jiasheng (1); Wei, Yutong (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi; 830047, China; (2) Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Robot and Intelligent Equipment Engineering Research Center of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi; 830047, China

Corresponding author: Zhou, Jianping(linkzhou@163.comemaillinkzhou@163.com)Zhou, Jianping(linkzhou@163.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 9

Issue date: September 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 149-155 and 114

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to realize precise detection of green walnut in natural environment, Faster R-CNN algorithm was improved with three methods for higher adaptability, including batch normalization processing of convolution layer, improved RPN using bi-linear interpolation and the establishment of mixed loss function to strengthen the cohesion of the model. The pre-trained VGG16 network was used as feature extractor, and SGD and Adam optimization methods were adopted to training model respectively. The improved Faster R-CNN model was compared with Faster R-CNN model under the same test conditions. Images of different resolution were used as inputs to explore the impact of image sizes on model performance. Precision, recall rate and F1 value were used as the accuracy indexes of the model, and average detection time per image was used to evaluate the speed performance. The investigation showed that the model trained by Adam optimizer was more stable, its precision was 97.71%, the recall rate was 94.58%, and the F1 value was 96.12%. The single image detection time was 0.227 s. The precision of improved Faster R-CNN was 5.04 percentage points higher than that of the unimproved Faster R-CNN model, the recall rate was increased by 4.65 percentage points and the F1 index was increased by 4.84 percentage points. Besides, image detection time per image was decreased by 0.148 s. The proposed method was verified to obtain the success rate of 91.25% in the walnut garden environment. The proposed method had high precision, fast speed and good robustness for walnut recognition under natural condition, which can provide a basis for the robot to recognize and pick walnuts in a complex environment quickly for a long time. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 24

Main heading: Convolutional neural networks

Controlled terms: Convolution? - ?Image enhancement

Uncontrolled terms: CNN models? - ?Convolutional neural network? - ?Detection time? - ?F1 values? - ?Green walnut? - ?Harvesting robot? - ?Improved fast R-CNN? - ?Percentage points? - ?Recall rate? - ?Targets detection

Classification code: 716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 9.125E+01%, Percentage 9.458E+01%, Percentage 9.612E+01%, Percentage 9.771E+01%, Time 1.48E-01s, Time 2.27E-01s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.09.017

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

31. Preparation of Cellulose Triacetate from Corn Stover Cellulose by Trifluoroacetic Acid

Accession number: 20214111012231

Title of translation:

Authors: Xiao, Weihua (1); Liu, Runze (1); Zhao, Guanglu (1); Guo, Dongyi (1); Yang, Yunfan (1); Zhou, Chengfeng (2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-texiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao; 266071, China

Corresponding author: Zhou, Chengfeng(chengfengzhou@qdu.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 9

Issue date: September 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 331-337

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Cellulose acetate is a material widely used in industrial fields. Cellulose triacetate (CTA) was synthesized by a one-pot method using corn stover cellulose as raw material and trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) as catalyst. The effects of TFA content, reacting temperature, reacting time and acetic anhydride content on the degree of substitution and yield of CTA were studied. At the same time, the synthesis process of cellulose triacetate was optimized. The results showed that the optimal optimization conditions for CTA were as follows: the content of TFA was 15 mL/g, the reacting temperature was 25, the reaction time was 30 min, and the content of acetic anhydride was 5 mL/g. Under these conditions, the degree of substitution and yield of CTA were 2.95 and 96.2%, respectively. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis and hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance analysis were used to characterize the physical and chemical properties of the product. The results showed that acetylation of cellulose occurred and CTA was synthesized. The thermogravimetric analysis results showed that the CTA prepared by this process had better thermal stability and the purity of the product was higher. A process for the efficient preparation of corn stover cellulose CTA with one-pot method was constructed, which provided a way for the high-value utilization of corn stover. At the same time, the method can recover the catalyst TFA without adding additional solvents, reducing costs while reducing resource consumption. It can provide certain theoretical basis and technical support for the efficient utilization of corn stalks and the industrial production of cellulose acetate in the future. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 25

Main heading: Cellulose

Controlled terms: Acetylation? - ?Catalysts? - ?Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy? - ?Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy? - ?Thermogravimetric analysis? - ?X ray powder diffraction

Uncontrolled terms: Acetic anhydrides? - ?Cellulose acetates? - ?Cellulose triacetate? - ?Corn stover? - ?Corn stover cellulose? - ?Degree of substitution? - ?One-pot method? - ?Reacting temperature? - ?Synthesised? - ?]+ catalyst

Classification code: 801 Chemistry? - ?802.2 Chemical Reactions? - ?803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals? - ?804 Chemical Products Generally? - ?811.3 Cellulose, Lignin and Derivatives? - ?815.1.1 Organic Polymers

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 2.95E+00%, Percentage 9.62E+01%, Specific volume 1.50E-02m3/kg, Specific volume 5.00E-03m3/kg, Time 1.80E+03s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.09.037

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

32. Tomato Fruit Recognition Based on Multi-source Fusion Image Segmentation Algorithm in Open Environment

Accession number: 20214111012297

Title of translation:

Authors: Wang, Wenjie (1); Gong, Liang (1); Wang, Tao (1); Yang, Zhiyu (1); Zhang, Wei (1); Liu, Chengliang (1)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai; 200240, China

Corresponding author: Gong, Liang(gongliang_mi@sjtu.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 9

Issue date: September 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 156-164

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: The natural scenes faced by fruit and vegetable picking robots are complex and changeable. Accurate identification and segmentation of the target fruit are crucial for high success rate harvesting. The instance segmentation is an effective method to solve the problem. Howerver, existing instance segmentation algorithms have some drawbacks, such as the limited effect of edge segmentation accuracy for single-source images, the workload and time spent on image labeling. Therefore, a tomato fruit recognition algorithm based on multi-source fusion image and extended Mask R-CNN model was proposed. Firstly, aiming at the problem of insufficient information in different natural scenes with a single image channel, a multi-source information fusion method combining RGB images, depth images and infrared images was proposed, which enabled the robot to adapt to different lighting and fruits at different maturity stages. Secondly, aiming at the problem of inefficiency of traditional machine learning training sample standards, a clustering method was proposed to assist the rapid labeling of samples to complete the model training. Thirdly, an extended Mask R-CNN deep learning algorithm model was established for online fruit recognition by picking robots. The experimental results showed that the extended Mask R-CNN algorithm model achieved 98.3% detection accuracy and 0.916 detection IoU in the test set, which can well meet the requirements of tomato fruit recognition; under different lighting conditions, compared with the Otsu threshold segmentation algorithm, the extended Mask R-CNN algorithm model was able to distinguish the adherent fruits with clear and complete segmentation results and stronger anti-interference ability. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 31

Main heading: Computer vision

Controlled terms: Clustering algorithms? - ?Deep learning? - ?Edge detection? - ?Fruits? - ?Image fusion? - ?Image segmentation? - ?Infrared imaging? - ?Instance Segmentation? - ?Learning algorithms? - ?Lighting ? - ?Robots

Uncontrolled terms: Algorithm model? - ?Deep learning? - ?Fruit recognition? - ?Fusion image? - ?Machine-vision? - ?Mask R-CNN algorithm? - ?Multi-source fusion? - ?Natural scenes? - ?Target recognition? - ?Tomato fruits

Classification code: 461.4 Ergonomics and Human Factors Engineering? - ?723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing? - ?723.4 Artificial Intelligence? - ?723.4.2 Machine Learning? - ?723.5 Computer Applications? - ?731.5 Robotics? - ?741.2 Vision? - ?746 Imaging Techniques? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?903.1 Information Sources and Analysis

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 9.83E+01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.09.018

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

33. Design of Fruit Picking System Based on Inverse Kinematics Dimension Reduction and YOLO v4

Accession number: 20214111012172

Title of translation: YOLO v4

Authors: Zhang, Qinghui (1); Kong, Dexiao (1); Li, Junqiu (1); Zhong, Lihui (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Big Data and Intelligent Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming; 650224, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 9

Issue date: September 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 15-23

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to improve the execution efficiency of picking equipment, a six DOF robot arm, raspberry pie, single chip microcomputer, Android mobile terminal and server were used to build an intelligent fruit picking experimental system. It can automatically identify different kinds of fruits and realize automatic picking. Users can control the picking equipment and view the real-time picking video through the mobile terminal remotely. The solution process of inverse kinematics of manipulator in the three-dimensional coordinate system was realized by reducing the degree of freedom and using two-dimensional coordinate system, so as to avoid a lot of matrix operation and make the process of inverse kinematics solution of manipulator more simple. The Robotic Toolbox in Matlab was used to carry out 3D modeling and simulation of the manipulator, and the feasibility of dimension reduction was verified. In the fruit picking process, in order to make the trajectory of the manipulator more stable and coordinated, the pentanomic interpolation method was used to plan and control the trajectory of the manipulator. The object detection and pixel location of fruit was based on the YOLO v4 artificial intelligence recognition algorithm of Darknet deep learning framework. Using GPU training in the Ubuntu 19.10 operating system, totally 2 000 images were used as a training set to train the recognition model of different kinds of fruits. The accuracy rate of each fruit recognition was more than 94%, the time for a single fruit picking about 17 s. After the actual test, the system had good stability, real-time performance and the accuracy of fruit picking. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 24

Main heading: Inverse kinematics

Controlled terms: 3D modeling? - ?Deep learning? - ?Degrees of freedom (mechanics)? - ?Fruits? - ?Intelligent robots? - ?Inverse problems? - ?Manipulators? - ?MATLAB? - ?Mobile telecommunication systems? - ?Object detection ? - ?Robot programming? - ?Trajectories

Uncontrolled terms: Dimension reduction? - ?Fruit picking system? - ?Inverse kinematic of manipulator? - ?Mobile terminal? - ?Picking system? - ?Robot arms? - ?Six-DOF? - ?Trajectory Planning? - ?Trajectory planning of motion? - ?YOLO v4

Classification code: 461.4 Ergonomics and Human Factors Engineering? - ?723.1 Computer Programming? - ?723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing? - ?723.5 Computer Applications? - ?731.5 Robotics? - ?731.6 Robot Applications? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?921 Mathematics? - ?931.1 Mechanics

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 9.40E+01%, Time 1.70E+01s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.09.002

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

34. Design and Experiment of Rapid Compost Process and Equipment by Using Solid Manure on Scale Pig Farm

Accession number: 20214111012178

Title of translation:

Authors: Yuan, Xingmao (1); Li, Xiaohe (1); Wu, Haiyan (1); Zhang, Junjie (1); Hu, Dong (2); Sun, Taifu (3)

Author affiliation: (1) Hebei Agricultural Mechanization Research Institute Co., Ltd., Shijiazhuang; 050051, China; (2) Institute of Agro-resources and Enviroment, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang; 050051, China; (3) Qian¡¯an Agriculture and Rural Affairs Bureau, Qian¡¯an; 064400, China

Corresponding author: Sun, Taifu(suntaifu5888@126.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 9

Issue date: September 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 355-360

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: The small and medium-sized scale pig farm in China has problems such as low efficiency of collection and utilization of manure, lack of corresponding processing equipment. Aerobic composting is an effective technology for the treatment and reuse of solid organic wastes in the form of organic fertilizer. The rapidly high temperature aerobic composting process and experiment were determined by calculating the amount of manure generation and collection, combined with the pig existing infrastructure on a scale farm with 2 000 pigs. Then the equipment was verified in this pig farm. The results showed that 60% of the daily production wastes was solid manure which was about 1.2 t and the main structure covered an area of 485.5 m2 in which equipment covered an area of 13.2 m2. The total nitrogen loss rate, total phosphorus loss rate and total potassium loss rate during the rapid aerobic compost process was 8.3%, 1.7% and 0, respectively. In addition, the moisture content of compost was 43% and the death rate of lumbricoid egg was 100%. Also, the number of fecal coliforms was less than 3 CFU/g. These indicated the compost reached the standard of harmless hygiene in relevant industries. The average daily energy consumption of the fermentation tank was 63.5 kW?h/d under the environmental conditions of 10~25. The adoption of this technical mode and equipment can realize daily cleaning, in situ treatment, timely conversion and return it to the field, which provided technical and equipment support for the harmless utilization of feces in small and medium-sized pig farms. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 22

Main heading: Composting

Controlled terms: Energy utilization? - ?Fermentation? - ?Fertilizers? - ?Manures? - ?Tanks (containers)

Uncontrolled terms: Aerobic composting? - ?Aerobic fermentation? - ?Intelligent fermentation tank? - ?Loss rates? - ?Pig farms? - ?Process? - ?Processing equipment? - ?Reuse? - ?Solid manure? - ?Solid organic waste

Classification code: 525.3 Energy Utilization? - ?619.2 Tanks? - ?804 Chemical Products Generally? - ?821.2 Agricultural Chemicals? - ?821.5 Agricultural Wastes

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.00E+02%, Percentage 1.70E+00%, Percentage 4.30E+01%, Percentage 6.00E+01%, Percentage 8.30E+00%, Power 6.35E+04W, Size 1.32E+01m, Size 4.855E+02m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.09.040

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

35. Identification of Winter Wheat by Integrating Active and Passive Remote Sensing Data Based on Google Earth Engine Platform

Accession number: 20214111012182

Title of translation: GEE

Authors: Ma, Zhanlin (1); Liu, Changhua (1); Xue, Huazhu (1); Li, Jingru (1); Fang, Xu (2); Zhou, Junli (2)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Surveying and Land Information Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo; 454003, China; (2) Institute of Remote Sensing and Surveying and Mapping of Henan Province, Zhengzhou; 450003, China

Corresponding author: Xue, Huazhu(xhz@hpu.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 9

Issue date: September 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 195-205

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Remote sensing technology had become an effective method to extract planting area of bulk crop. With the aim to avoid the lack of optical data in winter wheat extraction, the validity of time series Sentinel-1 synthetic aperture radar(SAR)backscattering coefficients on winter wheat identification was explored based on random forest(RF)and Google Earth Engine(GEE)cloud platform. And Sentinel-1 and 2 active and passive remote sensing data was integrated to explore the improvement of winter wheat identification accuracy on combining various features groups of backscattering coefficients, spectral features, vegetation index features and texture features. The result indicated that the overall classification accuracy of the monthly average multi-temporal Sentinel-1 SAR polarization data was 85.93%, the Kappa coefficient was 0.75 and the winter wheat identification accuracy was above 95%. By integrating the monthly average time serious multi-temporal SAR data and the single-temporal optical data, the overall classification accuracy was 95.78% and the Kappa coefficient were 0.92. Integrating data fully used the polarization and spectral information and the overall classification accuracy and the Kappa coefficient were improved by 9.85 percentage points and 22.67%. The identification accuracy of winter wheat was improved by about 2 percentage points. The identification accuracy of winter wheat was affected by less than 0.9% by analyzing the influence of texture features under different features combinations. Therefore, the method and platform used accurately and efficiently obtained winter wheat planting area and it had a good promotion value. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 34

Main heading: Crops

Controlled terms: Backscattering? - ?Classification (of information)? - ?Data integration? - ?Decision trees? - ?Engines? - ?Polarization? - ?Remote sensing? - ?Synthetic aperture radar? - ?Textures

Uncontrolled terms: Classification accuracy? - ?Google earth engine? - ?Google earths? - ?Identification accuracy? - ?Planting area identification? - ?Planting areas? - ?Random forests? - ?Sentinel satellite? - ?Sentinel-1? - ?Winter wheat

Classification code: 716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing? - ?716.2 Radar Systems and Equipment? - ?723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?903.1 Information Sources and Analysis? - ?921.4 Combinatorial Mathematics, Includes Graph Theory, Set Theory? - ?961 Systems Science

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 2.267E+01%, Percentage 8.593E+01%, Percentage 9.00E-01%, Percentage 9.50E+01%, Percentage 9.578E+01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.09.023

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

36. Improved CenterNet Based Maize Tassel Recognition for UAV Remote Sensing Image

Accession number: 20214111012241

Title of translation: CenterNet

Authors: Yang, Shuqin (1, 2); Liu, Jiangchuan (1, 2); Xu, Keke (1); Sang, Xue (1); Ning, Jifeng (3, 4); Zhang, Zhitao (5)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; 712100, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Agricultural Internet of Things, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling; 712100, China; (3) College of Information Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; 712100, China; (4) Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural Information Perception and Intelligent Service, Yangling; 712100, China; (5) College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; 712100, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 9

Issue date: September 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 206-212

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to accurately identify the tassels of maize at tasseling stage, the growth, plant count and yield of maize should be monitored, based on the CenterNet object detection model without anchor frame, an improved maize tassel recognition model was proposed by analyzing the size distribution of maize tassels and adding position coordinates in the feature extraction network. According to the small tassel size, the feature extraction module for image scale reduction in CenterNet network was removed to reduce the model parameters and improve the detection speed. The location information was added to the CenterNet feature extraction model to improve the positioning accuracy and reduce the rate of tassel missed detection. The experimental results showed that, compared with YOLO v4 and Faster R-CNN with anchor frame, the improved CenterNet model achieved 92.4% accuracy in identifying maize tassels from UAV remote sensing images, which were 26.22 and 3.42 percentage points higher than that of Faster R-CNN and YOLO v4 models, respectively. The detection speed was 36 f/s, 32 f/s and 23 f/s higher than that of the Faster R-CNN and YOLO v4 models, respectively. The method proposed can accurately detect the smaller tassels in the UAV remote sensing image, and provide a reference for the monitoring of agricultural situation in the tasseling stage of maize. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 30

Main heading: Object detection

Controlled terms: Aircraft detection? - ?Antennas? - ?Deep learning? - ?Extraction? - ?Feature extraction? - ?Image enhancement? - ?Object recognition? - ?Remote sensing? - ?Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)

Uncontrolled terms: Centernet? - ?Deep learning? - ?Detection speed? - ?Features extraction? - ?Maize tassel? - ?Recognition models? - ?Remote sensing images? - ?Remote-sensing? - ?UAV remote sensing? - ?Unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing

Classification code: 461.4 Ergonomics and Human Factors Engineering? - ?652.1 Aircraft, General? - ?716.2 Radar Systems and Equipment? - ?723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 9.24E+01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.09.024

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

37. Optimal Design and Experiment of Pneumatic and Pneumatic Collecting and Discharging System of Alfalfa Cut-root Reseeding and Fertilizer Applicator

Accession number: 20214111012307

Title of translation:

Authors: Ma, Wenpeng (1); You, Yong (1); Wang, Decheng (1); Huan, Xiaolong (1); Zhu, Lu (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China

Corresponding author: Wang, Decheng(wdc@cau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 9

Issue date: September 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 70-78

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to improve the working performance of the air-supplied collecting and discharging system of alfalfa cut-root reseeding and fertilizer applicator, the EDEM software and Fluent software were used to co-simulate the working process of the air-carrying collector and distributing device, using the internal flow field pressure and velocity changes in the pipeline, the seed particle velocity and the force as indicators to analyze the impact of configuration parameters of the corrugated pipe and the distribution head on performance of the platoon, and its structural parameters were optimized. Taking the elbow diameter ratio, length of the fold pipe and taper angle of the distribution head as the test factors, and coefficient of variation of the consistency of each row displacement and coefficient of variation of the total displacement as the test indicators, the Box-Behnken response surface analysis simulation set and row test was carried out to obtain the optimal combination of structural parameters of the collection system. The results showed that when the bending diameter ratio was 0.96, the length of the corrugated tube was 183 mm, and the taper angle was 123.4¡ã, at this time, the coefficient of variation of the consistency of each row¡¯s displacement was 3.06%, and the coefficient of variation of the total displacement was 3.17%. The field performance test results of the prototype showed that under different conveying efficiency conditions of the screw conveyor, the consistency coefficient of variation of the row of reed wool seeds and solid granular fertilizer and the coefficient of variation of the total discharge were less than 5%. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 21

Main heading: Computational fluid dynamics

Controlled terms: Air? - ?Fertilizers? - ?Structural optimization? - ?Surface analysis

Uncontrolled terms: Alfalpha? - ?Coefficients of variations? - ?DEM-CFD? - ?Diameter ratio? - ?Optimal design? - ?Optimal experiments? - ?Pneumatic collector? - ?Soil amelioration? - ?Structural parameter? - ?Taper angles

Classification code: 723.5 Computer Applications? - ?804 Chemical Products Generally? - ?821.2 Agricultural Chemicals? - ?921.5 Optimization Techniques? - ?931.1 Mechanics? - ?951 Materials Science

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 3.06E+00%, Percentage 3.17E+00%, Percentage 5.00E+00%, Size 1.83E-01m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.09.008

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

38. Design and Experiment on Compound Crank Rocker Double-row Planting Device of Vegetable Plug Seedling Up-film Transplanter

Accession number: 20214111012281

Title of translation:

Authors: Hu, Fei (1); Guo, Dong (2); Chen, Cairong (2); Yan, Hua (3); Yin, Wenqing (2); Yu, Haiming (2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Artificial Intelligence, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing; 210031, China; (2) College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing; 210031, China; (3) Modern Agricultural Equipment Co., Ltd., Beijing; 100083, China

Corresponding author: Yu, Haiming(yuhaiming@njau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 9

Issue date: September 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 62-69

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: To solve the problems of large opening of vegetable plug seedling up-film transplanting and low planting frequency, a compound crank-rocker type double-row planting device on film was developed. This planting device was designed for pepper pot seeding. And the kinematics model of the planting mechanism was established, its trajectory and motion equation were also calculated. The influences of different parameters on planting trajectory and movement characteristics were explored. By using the simulation analysis and optimization program written by Matlab software, the optimized length of rods were obtained as follows: lOA=48 mm, lAB=125 mm, lBC=160 mm, and lAD=200 mm. According to the optimized length of the rods, the planting mechanism was designed, and the 3D modeling and virtual simulation verification were also completed by using Creo software, after completed the manufacturing of prototype, the field experiment were carried out. The results showed that the qualified rates of planting on film were all more than 90%, and the qualified rates of planting depth were more than 94%, the maximum variation coefficient of plant spacing was 6.35%, and the average length of membrane hole was 10.44 cm, the damage rate of the planting mechanism on the film was about 18%, and the planting frequency reached 70 plants/(min?row), which met the requirements of vegetable up-film transplanting. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 18

Main heading: Vegetables

Controlled terms: 3D modeling? - ?Equations of motion? - ?MATLAB? - ?Software prototyping? - ?Verification

Uncontrolled terms: Crank rocker? - ?Double rows? - ?Kinematics models? - ?Large openings? - ?Parameter optimization? - ?Planting mechanism? - ?Plantings? - ?Plug seedling? - ?Vegetable up-film planting device

Classification code: 721.1 Computer Theory, Includes Formal Logic, Automata Theory, Switching Theory, Programming Theory? - ?723.1 Computer Programming? - ?723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing? - ?723.5 Computer Applications? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?921 Mathematics? - ?921.2 Calculus

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.80E+01%, Percentage 6.35E+00%, Percentage 9.00E+01%, Percentage 9.40E+01%, Size 1.044E-01m, Size 1.25E-01m, Size 2.00E-01m, Size 4.80E-02m, Volume 1.60E-01m3

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.09.007

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

39. Segmentation and Registration of Lettuce Multispectral Image Based on Convolutional Neural Network

Accession number: 20214111012337

Title of translation:

Authors: Huang, Linsheng (1); Shao, Song (1); Lu, Xianju (2, 3); Guo, Xinyu (2, 3); Fan, Jiangchuan (2, 3)

Author affiliation: (1) National Engineering Research Center for Agro-Ecological Big Data Analysis and Application, Anhui University, Hefei; 230601, China; (2) National Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing; 100097, China; (3) Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Plants, Beijing; 100097, China

Corresponding author: Fan, Jiangchuan(fanjc@nercita.org.cnemailfanjc@nercita.org.cn)Fan, Jiangchuan(fanjc@nercita.org.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 9

Issue date: September 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 186-194

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In view of the deviations between the channels of multi-lens multi-spectral cameras and the inapplicability of traditional segmentation methods in multi-spectral images, the image analysis and processing process often has the problem of inability to automate segmentation or low segmentation accuracy, so a phase-based algorithm was proposed. And the semantic segmentation model based on UNet performs accurate registration of each channel of the field lettuce multispectral image and realizes foreground segmentation. The Canny algorithm was used to extract the edges of the multi-spectral channel images, and then the phase correlation algorithm was used to register the multi-spectral channel images. The average processing time of a single image was 0.92 s, efficiency was increased by 40%, and the registration accuracy reached 99%, which met the requirements of subsequent images and the required accuracy of segmentation. VGG16 was used as the backbone feature extraction network, and the double up sampling was directly used to make the final output image and the input image equal in height and width, and the optimized UNet model was constructed. The experimental results showed that the image registration and image segmentation network proposed achieved 99.19% pixel accuracy and an average IoU of 94.98%. It can perform foreground segmentation on lettuce multispectral images very well, which can be used for follow-up spectral analysis to study the precise phenotype of crops. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 32

Main heading: Lettuce

Controlled terms: Edge detection? - ?Image analysis? - ?Image registration? - ?Image segmentation? - ?Semantics? - ?Spectroscopy? - ?Spectrum analysis

Uncontrolled terms: Convolution neural network? - ?Convolutional neural network? - ?Foreground segmentation? - ?Image-based? - ?Images registration? - ?Images segmentations? - ?Multi-lens? - ?Multi-spectral? - ?Multispectral images? - ?Spectral channels

Classification code: 723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 4.00E+01%, Percentage 9.498E+01%, Percentage 9.90E+01%, Percentage 9.919E+01%, Time 9.20E-01s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.09.022

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

40. Object Detection of Underwater Fish at Night Based on Improved Cascade R-CNN and Image Enhancement

Accession number: 20214111012219

Title of translation: Cascade R-CNN

Authors: Zhang, Minghua (1); Long, Teng (1); Song, Wei (1); Huang, Dongmei (1, 2); Mei, Haibin (1); He, Qi (1, 3)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Information Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai; 201306, China; (2) College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai; 200090, China; (3) Key Laboratory of Sustainable Exploitation of Oceanic Fisheries Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai; 201306, China

Corresponding author: Huang, Dongmei(dmhuang@shou.edu.cnemaildmhuang@shou.edu.cn)Huang, Dongmei(dmhuang@shou.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 9

Issue date: September 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 179-185

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: The underwater environment at night has the characteristics of uneven illumination, big noise and low quality of underwater fish video. In view of this, in order to realize the rapid detection of fish targets in underwater images at night, a method of underwater fish object detection at night based on improved Cascade R-CNN algorithm and MSRCP image enhancement algorithm with color protection was proposed by using computer vision technology. Firstly, using the video data of the underwater environment at night, corresponding underwater fish images at night were extracted according to the time interval. The original extracted image was enhanced by MSRCP. Then the DetNASNet backbone network was used to train network model and extract underwater fish feature information. The extracted feature information was input into the Cascade R-CNN model, and the Soft-NMS candidate box optimization algorithm was used to optimize the RPN network. Finally, the underwater fish target at night was detected. The experimental results showed that the method can solve the problems of image degradation and fish object overlapping detection in the underwater environment at night, and realize the rapid detection of underwater fish target at night. Using this method, the accuracy rate of object detection with underwater fish image at night can reach 95.81%, which was 11.57 percentage points higher than that of the traditional Cascade R-CNN method. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 20

Main heading: Image enhancement

Controlled terms: Fish? - ?Object detection? - ?Object recognition

Uncontrolled terms: Cascade R-CNN? - ?Feature information? - ?FISH images? - ?MSRCP? - ?Night? - ?Noise quality? - ?Objects detection? - ?Rapid detection? - ?Underwater environments? - ?Uneven illuminations

Classification code: 723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 9.581E+01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.09.021

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

41. Recognition and Classification of Rice Planthopper with Incomplete Image Information Based on Dictionary Learning and SSD

Accession number: 20214111012279

Title of translation: SSD

Authors: Lin, Xiangze (1); Zhang, Junyuan (1); Xu, Xiao (1); Zhu, Saihua (1); Liu, Deying (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Artificial Intelligence, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing; 210031, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 9

Issue date: September 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 165-171

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to solve the problem of low accuracy and slow speed of identification of rice planthopper caused by incomplete insect image in image acquisition process, a rice planthopper identification and classification method with incomplete insect images based on dictionary learning and single shot multibox detector (SSD) was proposed. Firstly, the field insect image acquisition device was used to acquire rice planthopper images and a small image set was built by these images. Then, single-inspect images were obtained by thresholding of the collected images of rice insects. Single-insect images were divided into blocks to obtain a mixed sub-image blocks with background information and feature information. The sub-image blocks were used as dictionary atoms to construct an over-complete dictionary, and this initial dictionary was optimized and updated immediately. The updated over-complete dictionary was trained as the training set of the SSD algorithm to obtain the training model. Finally, the collected incomplete insect images were tested on the obtained training models, and results were compared with back propagation neural network (BPNN), support vector machines (SVM) and sparse representation. Experimental results showed that the research on the identification and classification method with incomplete images based on dictionary learning and SSD can identify and classify rice planthopper accurately and quickly. Classification speed was 22 f/s, the recognition accuracy was 89.3%. Hence, the method proposed can provide effective information and technical support for the supervision, early warning and control of rice planthoppers. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 25

Main heading: Image classification

Controlled terms: Animals? - ?Backpropagation? - ?Image acquisition? - ?Neural networks? - ?Support vector machines

Uncontrolled terms: Classification methods? - ?Dictionary learning? - ?Identification method? - ?Incomplete image? - ?Insect images? - ?Overcomplete dictionaries? - ?Recognition? - ?Rice planthopper? - ?Single shot multibox detector? - ?Single-shot

Classification code: 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications? - ?723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing? - ?723.4 Artificial Intelligence

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 8.93E+01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.09.019

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

42. Static Stiffness Analysis of 3T1R Hybrid Manipulator Based on Virtual Joint Method

Accession number: 20214111012174

Title of translation: 3T1R

Authors: Zhu, Xiaorong (1); Wu, Yu (1); Shen, Huiping (1)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Mechanical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou; 213164, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 9

Issue date: September 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 400-409

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Based on the virtual joint method, the static stiffness matrix model of a 3T1R hybrid manipulator was established considering the elastic deformation of driving joints, ball screw pair, linear guide rail and moving bar. The elasticity deformation of the component was described as one multi-degree of freedom virtual joint at the end of the component, and the branch was then equivalent to a series of rigid components connected by active joint, passive joints and virtual joints. The mapping of kinematic joint and virtual joint variables to the end platform of the mechanism was given. The static equilibrium equation of the manipulator was obtained by using the virtual work principle, and the stiffness matrix model of the manipulator under external load was derived. The evaluation indices of local linear/angular stiffness and global linear/angular stiffness were defined by the dimensionless transformation method, and the static stiffness performance of the hybrid manipulator at the typical configurations as well as throughout the workspace was analyzed accordingly, and the accuracy of the stiffness model was verified by finite element simulation. The results showed that the semi-analytical stiffness model had good accuracy. The z direction linear stiffness of the mechanism was symmetrically distributed in the workspace. The linear stiffness of the mechanism in the x(y) direction was decoupled. Linear stiffness of mechanism was much larger than angular stiffness. The research results can provide a theoretical basis for the engineering design and application of the institute. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 25

Main heading: Stiffness

Controlled terms: Ball screws? - ?Degrees of freedom (mechanics)? - ?Finite element method? - ?Linear transformations? - ?Manipulators? - ?Stiffness matrix? - ?Ultrasonic devices

Uncontrolled terms: Finite element analyse? - ?Hybrid manipulators? - ?Joint method? - ?Linear stiffness? - ?Matrix model? - ?Static stiffness? - ?Stiffness matrices? - ?Stiffness modeling? - ?Virtual joint method? - ?Virtual joints

Classification code: 732.1 Control Equipment? - ?753.2 Ultrasonic Devices? - ?921.1 Algebra? - ?921.3 Mathematical Transformations? - ?921.6 Numerical Methods? - ?931.1 Mechanics? - ?951 Materials Science

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.09.046

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

43. Design and Motion Control of Piezo-driven Puncture Micromanipulation Mechanism

Accession number: 20214111012196

Title of translation:

Authors: Ma, Jinyu (1, 2); Yu, Shengdong (3); Kang, Shengzheng (3); Shen, Yaohui (3); Pan, Liang (3); Wu, Hongtao (3)

Author affiliation: (1) Wenzhou Polytechnic, Wenzhou; 325035, China; (2) College of Aerospace Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing; 210016, China; (3) College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing; 210016, China

Corresponding author: Wu, Hongtao(mehtwu@126.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 9

Issue date: September 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 417-426

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: A compliant piezo-driven puncture mechanism was proposed. Firstly, to amplify the output displacement of the piezoelectric actuator, a bridge-type displacement amplification mechanism was designed based on the principle of compliant mechanism. Considering the purpose of improving the lateral stiffness, the overall structure was then designed. By combining the pseudo-rigid-body method and the Euler-Bernoulli flexible beam theory, the static model of the proposed mechanism was established. After that, the dynamic equation was also obtained by the Lagrange method and the natural frequencies were eventually calculated. Through the differential evaluation algorithm, the geometric parameters of the flexible hinges were optimized and compared with the results obtained by the finite-element analysis method. Finally, physical experiments were conducted and validated that the proposed compliant puncture mechanism can achieve the displacement amplification ratio of 9.8, leading to a stroke of 180 ¦Ìm. Besides, under the action of the disturbance observer-based PID control, the proposed mechanism guaranteed good performance with the root mean square error and maximum error of 0.071 ¦Ìm and 0.128 ¦Ìm. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 25

Main heading: Mechanisms

Controlled terms: Compliant mechanisms? - ?Flexible structures? - ?Hinges? - ?Mean square error? - ?Piezoelectric actuators? - ?Robust control? - ?Three term control systems

Uncontrolled terms: Bridge-type? - ?Compliant mechanism? - ?Displacement amplification mechanisms? - ?Euler-Bernoulli? - ?Flexure hinge? - ?Lateral stiffness? - ?Micro manipulation? - ?Micromanipulation mechanism? - ?Pseudo rigid bodies? - ?Pseudo-rigid-body

Classification code: 408.2 Structural Members and Shapes? - ?601.3 Mechanisms? - ?704.1 Electric Components? - ?731 Automatic Control Principles and Applications? - ?731.1 Control Systems? - ?732 Control Devices? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics? - ?931.1 Mechanics

Numerical data indexing: Size 1.28E-07m, Size 1.80E-04m, Size 7.10E-08m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.09.048

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

44. Properties of CaCl2 on Nucleation-induced Whey Protein Fiber Polymer

Accession number: 20214111012198

Title of translation: CaCl2

Authors: Xu, Honghua (1); Guo, Ruichi (1); Xie, Mingming (1); Ma, Caihong (1); Chen, Ying (1); Liu, Yuqi (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 9

Issue date: September 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 361-368

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Whey protein concentrate (WPC) is capable of self-assembling into amyloid fibril aggregates under certain denature conditions, such as high temperature with low pH and low ionic strength.There are two pathways for WPC to form amyloid fibril aggregates with spontaneous pathway and nucleation-induction pathway, which play an important role in improving the functional properties of WPC. The effect of CaCl2 on nucleation formation, nucleation-induction and mature fibrils was investigated through the relationships between interface properties and fibrils structure. The results showed that the nucleation-induction method was more resistant to CaCl2 than the spontaneous mode. When the CaCl2 concentration was 50 mmol/L, the emulsification stability of the fibrous polymer formed by homogeneous nucleation-induction and two nucleation-induced whey protein was decreased by 30.92% and 34.09%, respectively, and the foam stability was decreased by 68.18% and 78.59%, respectively. The addition of 20~50 mmol/L CaCl2 can increase the polymerization rate of protein and reduce the activation energy of the reaction. However, the rapid polymerization destroyed the orderly assembly process of fiber. Compared with the spontaneous mode, the nucleation-induction mode was more tolerant to CaCl2 because it accelerated the formation of fiber polymer. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 31

Main heading: Nucleation

Controlled terms: Activation energy? - ?Aggregates? - ?Chlorine compounds? - ?Emulsification? - ?Glycoproteins? - ?Ionic strength? - ?Polymerization? - ?Proteins

Uncontrolled terms: Amyloid fibril? - ?Condition? - ?Emulsifying property? - ?Foaming properties? - ?Nucleation induction? - ?Property? - ?Protein fibers? - ?Self-assembling? - ?Whey proteins? - ?Whey proteins concentrate

Classification code: 406 Highway Engineering? - ?412.2 Concrete Reinforcements? - ?461.9 Biology? - ?801.4 Physical Chemistry? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations? - ?804.1 Organic Compounds? - ?815.2 Polymerization? - ?933.1.2 Crystal Growth

Numerical data indexing: Molar concentration 2.00E+01mol/m3 to 5.00E+01mol/m3, Molar concentration 5.00E+01mol/m3, Percentage 3.092E+01%, Percentage 3.409E+01%, Percentage 6.818E+01%, Percentage 7.859E+01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.09.041

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

45. Point Cloud Complementation Method of Epipremnum aureum Leaves under Occlusion Conditions Based on MSF-PPD Network

Accession number: 20214111012310

Title of translation: MSF-PPD

Authors: Xiao, Haihong (1); Xu, Huanliang (2); Ma, Shihang (3); Chen, Ling (2); Wang, Jiangbo (4); Wang, Haoyun (2)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Automation Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou; 510641, China; (2) College of Artificial Intelligence, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing; 210095, China; (3) China Mobile Communications Group Shanghai Co., Shanghai; 200060, China; (4) College of Plant Sciences, Tarim University, Aral; 843300, China

Corresponding author: Wang, Haoyun(wanghy@njau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 9

Issue date: September 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 141-148

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: For the natural scenes, the point clouds of plants or organs acquired by sensors are incomplete due to the problems of occlusion, viewpoint limitation and improper operation. A multi-scale feature extraction model with point cloud pyramid decoder (MSF-PPD) network was proposed for leaf shape complementation. Firstly, the multi-scale feature extraction module was used to achieve the global extraction and fusion of different dimensional feature information, and secondly, the multi-stage generation of leaf point cloud was complemented by the point cloud pyramid decoder to finally obtain the complete target leaf shape. A library of Epipremnum aureum leaf simulation models was constructed by using surface parametric equations and discretized into point clouds as the training set and validation set for network model training, and the Epipremnum aureum leaf point clouds were obtained by using the Kinect v2 camera as the test set for model complementary performance evaluation. The experimental results showed that the network structure had an ideal effect on leaf point cloud complementation, which proved that the method proposed was able to perform efficient and complete complementation of Epipremnum aureum leaf under the obscured situation. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 26

Main heading: Feature extraction

Controlled terms: Decoding? - ?Extraction

Uncontrolled terms: Complementation? - ?Epipremnum aureum? - ?Epipremnum aureum leaf? - ?Features extraction? - ?Generation complementation? - ?Leaf shape? - ?Multi-scale features? - ?Occlusion? - ?Point-clouds? - ?Pyramid decoder

Classification code: 723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.09.016

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

46. Inverse Kinematics Solution of Redundant Manipulator Based on Hybrid Learning Fruit Fly Optimization Algorithm

Accession number: 20214111012158

Title of translation:

Authors: Shi, Jianping (1); Li, Peisheng (2); Liu, Guoping (2); Zhu, Lin (1)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Electronic & Communication Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang; 550005, China; (2) School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang; 330031, China

Corresponding author: Li, Peisheng(lps20150331@163.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 9

Issue date: September 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 410-416

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to effectively solve the inverse kinematics problem of redundant manipulators, an inverse kinematics solution based on improved fruit fly optimization algorithm was proposed. The improved algorithm adopted a linear candidate solution generation mechanism, which overcame the shortcomings that the fruit fly optimization algorithm could not search negative space and could not search uniformly in the specified area. Through the construction of hybrid learning olfactory search strategy, the global exploration and local exploitation of the algorithm were effectively enhanced and reasonably balanced. In addition, through the introduction of the real-time visual updating strategy, the search efficiency of the algorithm was improved, and the convergence rate was also effectively accelerated. Taking the inverse kinematics solution of a 7-DOF redundant manipulator as an example, the results showed that the proposed algorithm was superior to the comparative algorithms in terms of convergence rate, convergence accuracy and results stability, which indicated that the method can be used to effectively solve the inverse kinematics problem of redundant manipulators. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 29

Main heading: Inverse kinematics

Controlled terms: Fruits? - ?Industrial manipulators? - ?Inverse problems? - ?Learning algorithms? - ?Optimization? - ?Redundant manipulators

Uncontrolled terms: Fly optimization algorithms? - ?Fruit fly optimization algorithm? - ?Fruitflies? - ?Generation mechanism? - ?Hybrid learning? - ?Improved * algorithm? - ?Inverse kinematic problems? - ?Inverse kinematic solutions? - ?Negative spaces? - ?Search strategies

Classification code: 723.4.2 Machine Learning? - ?731.6 Robot Applications? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?921.5 Optimization Techniques? - ?931.1 Mechanics

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.09.047

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

47. Trajectory Tracking and Fuzzy Adaptive Model Predictive Control of High Clearance Synchronous-steering Sprayer

Accession number: 20214111012273

Title of translation:

Authors: Liu, Guohai (1); Li, Chiheng (1); Shen, Yue (1); Liu, Hui (1)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang; 212013, China

Corresponding author: Shen, Yue(shen@ujs.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 9

Issue date: September 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 389-399

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: To improve the stability and robustness of path tracking based on the high clearance synchronous-steering sprayer, a fuzzy adaptive trajectory tracking control method was designed based on model predictive control theory. Firstly, the nonlinear kinematic model and the simplified kinematic model of the sprayer were derived based on rigid body kinematics and geometric constraints. Then, based on the simplified kinematics model, the state prediction model of the sprayer was established.Finally, the fuzzy adaptive predictive controller was designed according to the actual conditions.Simulation result showed that the fuzzy adaptive predictive controller can improve the stability and rapidity compared with the traditional predictive controller. The experiment results showed that the average error of the method was 0.044 2 m, 0.060 2 m and 0.090 1 m when the linear trajectories, with initial errors are 2.5 m and 5 m, and circular trajectories were tracke. The established kinematic model can well reflect the movement characteristics of the high clearance synchronous-steering sprayer, and the design of the fuzzy adaptive model predictive controller can guarantee the veracity and robustness of the sprayer path tracking. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 28

Main heading: Model predictive control

Controlled terms: Controllers? - ?Kinematics? - ?Robustness (control systems)? - ?Trajectories

Uncontrolled terms: Adaptive model predictive control? - ?Adaptive model predictive controllers? - ?Adaptive predictive controllers? - ?Fuzzy adaptive? - ?Fuzzy adaptive model predictive controller? - ?High clearance sprayer? - ?Kinematics models? - ?Path tracking? - ?Synchronoi-steering? - ?Trajectory-tracking

Classification code: 731.1 Control Systems? - ?732.1 Control Equipment? - ?931.1 Mechanics

Numerical data indexing: Size 1.00E00m, Size 2.00E+00m, Size 2.50E+00m, Size 5.00E+00m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.09.045

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

48. Research Progress on Navigation Path Planning of Agricultural Machinery

Accession number: 20214111012256

Title of translation:

Authors: Zhou, Jun (1); He, Yongqiang (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing; 210031, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 9

Issue date: September 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 1-14

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Navigation path planning of agricultural machinery is the key technology in automatic navigation, which has been widely used in the process of plowing, planting, managing and harvesting automatic navigation in recent years. A review of the current situation and research progress in agricultural machinery navigation path planning was presented, focusing on the global path planning and local path planning, respectively. Global path planning focused on full coverage path planning and global point-to-point path planning, and the research results and specific applications in precision operation, agricultural transportation and agricultural machinery cross plot scheduling were summarized. Local path planning focused on obstacle avoidance path planning and local tracking path planning. Due to the complexity and spatiotemporal variability of agricultural operation environment, the focus of local path planning research was real-time, high efficiency, robustness and security of the algorithm. Finally, it is pointed that the future research focus of navigation path planning technology: standardizing and sharing of the data resource; improving of the environmental information perception and analysis; enhancing of the real-time dynamic planning; incorporating of the agricultural machinery characteristics. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 126

Main heading: Motion planning

Controlled terms: Agricultural robots? - ?Agriculture? - ?Environmental technology? - ?Navigation

Uncontrolled terms: Agriculture machinery? - ?Automatic navigation? - ?Coverage path planning? - ?Current situation? - ?Global path planning? - ?Key technologies? - ?Local path-planning? - ?Navigation path planning? - ?Plantings? - ?Research results

Classification code: 454 Environmental Engineering? - ?731.5 Robotics? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control? - ?821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.09.001

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.