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2017年第10期共收录54篇
1. Design and Experiment of Automatic Carrying and Replanting Device for Both-root-cut Grafting Machine
Accession number: 20180404673095
Authors: Tong, Junhua (1, 2); Yu, Qingcang (1, 2); Pan, Jinhui (1); Yang, Taiwei (1); Ding, Yuhua (1)
Author affiliation: (1) Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou; 310018, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Transplanting Equipment and Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou; 310018, China
Corresponding author: Yu, Qingcang(qcyu@zstu.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 10
Issue date: October 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 59-66
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Both-root-cut grafting is a new method in seedlings grafting, which can result in a greater production in a longer harvesting period. In order to improve the automation level of grafting process, especially the current situation of grafted seedlings relying on manual carrying and artificial replanting, a mechanism of automatically carrying and replanting both-root-cut grafted seedlings was developed. The working principle of newly designed handling and replanting was introduced. The simulation and kinematic analysis of key mechanisms were carried out. Experiments of grafting seedling area statistics and automatic carrying seedlings were conducted in laboratory, the results showed that the success rate of carrying seedlings was up to 94% and the average time of carrying was 2.5 s, while the clamping mechanism was located at the lower end of the clip. Pressing experiment of three levels and three factors was designed to deal with the following conditions: the drilling hole diameter, the depth of punch and the suppression scheme of the grafted seedlings. While the hole diameter, the depth of drilling, and the pressing block was 10 mm, 15 mm, and a cylinder with lower surface separately, the effect of experiments was the best. Under this condition, the comprehensive success rate of grafted seedlings was up to 92%, and the average time of replanting was 2.5 s. The experimental results showed that the automatic carrying device and the replanting device can be well matched with the grafting machine. And they can improve the automation level of the grafting process. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 20
Main heading: Grafting (chemical)
Controlled terms: Pressing (forming)
Uncontrolled terms: Automation levels? - ?Carrying? - ?Clamping? - ?Clamping mechanism? - ?Grafting seedlings? - ?Harvesting periods? - ?Kinematic Analysis? - ?Replanting
Classification code: 802.2 Chemical Reactions
Chemical Reactions
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 9.20e+01%, Percentage 9.40e+01%, Size 1.00e-02m, Size 1.50e-02m, Time 2.50e+00s
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.10.007
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
2. Crop Type Mapping Method Based on Time-series MODIS Data in Heilongjiang Province
Accession number: 20180404673105
Authors: Huang, Jianxi (1); Hou, Yuzhuo (1); Wu, Hongfeng (2); Liu, Junming (1); Zhu, Dehai (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) The Institute of Scientific and Technical Information, Heilongjiang Academy of Land Reclamation Sciences, Harbin; 150036, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 10
Issue date: October 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 142-147 and 285
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Mapping the crop planting pattern and cropped area rapidly and accurately in Heilongjiang Province is important for agricultural monitoring. MOD09 and MOD13 were selected as data source for its high time resolution and good quality. To explore the optimal feature and classification method which can obtain the spatial distribution of the main crops in Heilongjiang Province, NDVI, EVI, WDRVI, LSWI and NDSI were selected as input data for crop classification based on time-series of MODIS data and combined with field survey sample points. The results showed that the combination of NDVI, EVI and LSWI joint with support vector machine (SVM) achieved the best accuracy, the overall classification accuracy was 74.18% and the Kappa coefficient was 0.60. The results showed that the support vector machine algorithm outperformed the maximum likelihood algorithm and the random forest algorithm. In Heilongjiang Province, the best period for sorting rice is the transplanting period in May, which can be characterized by LSWI. Theoptimal period for distinguishing between corn and soybean was from the end of September to the beginning of October, which was the period when the soybean was harvested and the corn was not, and the optimal classification feature was EVI. This method provided a reference value for cropped area mapping in other agricultural regions. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 20
Main heading: Classification (of information)
Controlled terms: Agricultural machinery? - ?Agriculture? - ?Crops? - ?Decision trees? - ?Mapping? - ?Maximum likelihood? - ?Radiometers? - ?Support vector machines? - ?Time series
Uncontrolled terms: Agricultural monitoring? - ?Classification accuracy? - ?Heilongjiang? - ?Maximum likelihood algorithm? - ?MODIS? - ?Optimal classification? - ?Random forest algorithm? - ?Support vector machine algorithm
Classification code: 405.3 Surveying
Surveying
? - ?716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing
Information Theory and Signal Processing
? - ?723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications
Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications
? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
? - ?922.1 Probability Theory
Probability Theory
? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics
Mathematical Statistics
? - ?944.7 Radiation Measuring Instruments
Radiation Measuring Instruments
? - ?961 Systems Science
Systems Science
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 7.42e+01%
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.10.017
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
3. Diet Health Text Classification Based on word2vec and LSTM
Accession number: 20180404673113
Authors: Zhao, Ming (1); Du, Huifang (1); Dong, Cuicui (1); Chen, Changsong (2)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) The Third Research Institute, Ministry of Public Security, Shanghai; 200031, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 10
Issue date: October 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 202-208
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: The development of Internet information age makes Internet information grow rapidly. As the main information form of the network, the texts are massive, so is texts information about diet. The diet information is closely related with people’s health. It is important to make texts be auto-classified to help people make effective use of health eating information. In order to classify the food text information efficiently, a classification model was proposed based on word2vec and LSTM. According to the characteristics of food text information in encyclopedia and diet texts in health websites, word2vec realized word embedding, including semantic information which solved the problem of sparse representation and dimension disaster that the traditional method faced. Word2vec combined with K-means++ was used to cluster key words both of the proper and the avoiding to enlarge relevant words in classification dictionaries. The words were employed to work out rules to improve the quality of training data. Then document vectors were constructed based on word2vec as the initial input values of long-short term memory network (LSTM). LSTM moved input layer, hidden layers of the neural network into the memory cell to be protected. Through the “gate” structure, sigmoid function and tanh function to remove or increase the information to the cell state which enabled LSTM model the “memory” to make good use of the text context information, which was significant for text classification. Experiments were performed with 48 000 documents. The results showed that the classification accuracy was 98.08%. The result was higher than that of ways based on tf-idf and bag-of-words text vectors representation methods. Two other classification algorithms of support vector machine (SVM) and convolutional neural network (CNN) were also conducted. Both of them were based on word2vec. The results showed that the proposed model outperformed other competing methods by several percentage points. It proved that the method can automatically classify dietary texts with high quality and help people to make good use of health diet information. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 22
Main heading: Classification (of information)
Controlled terms: Brain? - ?Health? - ?Long short-term memory? - ?Neural networks? - ?Semantics? - ?Support vector machines? - ?Text processing
Uncontrolled terms: K-means? - ?Short term memory? - ?Text classification? - ?Word embedding? - ?Word2vec
Classification code: 461.1 Biomedical Engineering
Biomedical Engineering
? - ?461.6 Medicine and Pharmacology
Medicine and Pharmacology
? - ?716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing
Information Theory and Signal Processing
? - ?723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications
Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications
? - ?903.1 Information Sources and Analysis
Information Sources and Analysis
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 9.81e+01%
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.10.025
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
4. Design and Experimental Optimization of Combined-type Ration Mixer of Drum and Blade
Accession number: 20180404673096
Authors: Li, Liqiao (1, 2); Wang, Defu (1, 2); Li, Chao (1, 2); Li, Donghong (1, 2); Jiang, Zhiguo (1, 2); Ping, Zhongyuan (1, 2)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Pig-breeding Facilities Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture, Harbin; 150030, China
Corresponding author: Wang, Defu(dfwang0203@163.com)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 10
Issue date: October 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 67-75
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: The key of utilization of the ration feeding technique in ruminant-breeding industry is the research and application of ration mixers. In view of the practical application and popularization of the ration feeding technique in recent years in China, and in order to promote the development of animal husbandry, combining with the current situation of few self-dependent innovation of ration mixers in China, a combined-type ration mixer of drum and blade was designed. To explore the mixing performance and obtain the optimum parameters of the combined-type ration mixer of drum and blade, the method of quadratic regression orthogonal rotational combination design was adopted to conduct the experiment by the self-developed combined-type ration mixing experimental device of drum and blade. The experimental diet was composed of cornmeal, soybean meal, salt, corn silage and hay. Mixing time, filling rate, rotational speed of drum and gyrating radius of blade were chosen as experimental factors, and mixing uniformity and net power consumption were determined as evaluation indexes. The regression mathematical models between the experimental factor and the evaluation index were established and analyzed by Design-Expert software, then the optimization result was verified by experiment. The results showed that the descending order of effects of various factors on mixing uniformity was filling rate, rotational speed of drum, mixing time and gyrating radius of blade; the descending order of effects of various factors on net power consumption was mixing time, rotational speed of drum, filling rate and gyrating radius of blade; and the mixing uniformity was 92.98% and net power consumption was 32.618 kJ under the condition that mixing time was 3.5 min, filling rate was 66%, rotational speed of drum was 29 r/min and gyrating radius of blade was 236 mm. The research results could provide reference for the research and development, optimization design and parameter selection of ration mixers. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 16
Main heading: Mixing
Controlled terms: Electric power utilization? - ?Experiments? - ?Filling? - ?Mixers (machinery)? - ?Optimization
Uncontrolled terms: Combined-type of drum and blade? - ?Experimental devices? - ?Experimental factors? - ?Experimental optimization? - ?Optimization design? - ?Quadratic regression? - ?Research and application? - ?Research and development
Classification code: 691.2 Materials Handling Methods
Materials Handling Methods
? - ?706.1 Electric Power Systems
Electric Power Systems
? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations
Chemical Operations
? - ?901.3 Engineering Research
Engineering Research
? - ?921.5 Optimization Techniques
Optimization Techniques
Numerical data indexing: Energy 3.26e+04J, Percentage 6.60e+01%, Percentage 9.30e+01%, Rotational_Speed 2.90e+01RPM, Size 2.36e-01m, Time 2.10e+02s
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.10.008
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
5. Influence of Ambient Pressure on Gas Ingestion in Diesel Nozzle after End of Injection
Accession number: 20180404673135
Authors: Wen, Hua (1); Wang, Chenliang (1); Medhat, Elkelawy (2); Jiang, Guangjun (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang; 330031, China; (2) Faculty of Engineering, Tanta University, Tanta; 31111, Egypt
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 10
Issue date: October 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 364-369
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: For researching phenomena of the cavitation and the air ingestion in the nozzle under different ambient pressures, a visualization experiment with a transparent injector nozzle was carried out, which used the stroboscope, long-distance microscope, CCD camera, high-pressure spray chamber etc. The VOF method and the overset grid technology were used to simulate transient state flow in the spray orifice and the sac. The simulation results showed that the strong cavitation phenomenon would happen in the orifice and the sac of nozzle after the end of injection. The void volume of the cavitation bubble collapsing was filled with ingested air. And the cavitation volume was roughly equal to the ingested air volume based on the calculated data which can prove the conclusion. This showed that the cavitation collapse was the main cause of air ingestion. The cavitation collapse in the sac was a necessary condition for the ingestion air further flowing into the sac. And the smaller the cavitation area in the sac was, the less hot combustion gas was ingested into the sac. The cavitation number was proposed which represented the degree of cavitation in the nozzle after the end of injection. Further studies found that an increase in ambient pressure can cause the cavitation number to increase which led to the cavitation volume and the ingested air volume tend to decrease. And the cavitation number explained the influence of ambient pressure on air ingestion, and this was consistent with the experiment and simulation results. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 21
Main heading: Cavitation
Controlled terms: CCD cameras? - ?Computational fluid dynamics? - ?Computer simulation? - ?Nozzles? - ?Orifices? - ?Spray nozzles? - ?Visualization
Uncontrolled terms: Ambient pressures? - ?Cavitation bubble? - ?Cavitation number? - ?Cavitation phenomenon? - ?Hot combustion? - ?Injector nozzle? - ?Transient state? - ?Visualization experiment
Classification code: 631.1 Fluid Flow, General
Fluid Flow, General
? - ?631.1.1 Liquid Dynamics
Liquid Dynamics
? - ?714.2 Semiconductor Devices and Integrated Circuits
Semiconductor Devices and Integrated Circuits
? - ?723.5 Computer Applications
Computer Applications
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.10.047
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
6. Design of Key Components of Driving-type Potato Cultivator and Its Soil-broken Effect Experiment
Accession number: 20180404673094
Authors: Lü, Jinqing (1); Wang, Yingbo (1); Dui, Han (1); Li, Zihui (1); Li, Jicheng (1); Liu, Zhongyuan (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 10
Issue date: October 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 49-58
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: The traditional plough share-type cultivator shows characteristics that the soil particle size is larger after broken, the working parts can easily wrapped and has lower soil-broken rate during operation in heavy soil. And ridge distance of cultivator is not applicable for potato. The key component of driving-type potato cultivator was designed, and the structural parameters that affected the effect of soil-broken were concluded. The structure and working principle of the cultivator were illustrated, and the rotating monomer that made of soil-broken knife was theoretically analyzed. The factors that affected soil-broken rate were got. Regarding the folding corner and blade length of the soil-broken knife, knife-cylinder, forward speed and tillage depth as the experimental factors, regarding soil-broken rate as the experiment indicators. The test was taken in the College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University at the beginning of November, 2016, which was carried out in the room. The power was provided by generator and the tillage depth can be adjusted by actuating device. Experimental results showed that the machine had the soil-broken rate of 93.8%, when the knife-cylinder was 275 r/min, the speed was 0.75 m/s, blade folding corner was 150°, the length of the blade was 0.07 m, and tillage depth was 0.18 m. The optimal structural parameters of soil-broken knife were determined by experiment. And the experiment also verified the accuracy of theoretical formula. It was well conformed to the agronomic requirements of cultivator. The structure of soil-broken knife assembled on driving-type cultivator can enhance the cutting force to achieve better soil crushing effect. The machine basically solved the serious problems such as the lower efficiency of soil broken. It was more suitable for the tillage operation of potato when compared with the traditional cultivator. The study provided important theoretical and technical reference for the improvement and optimization of the driving-type potato cultivator. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 20
Main heading: Agricultural machinery
Controlled terms: Agriculture? - ?Cylinders (shapes)? - ?Experiments? - ?Particle size? - ?Soils? - ?Structural optimization
Uncontrolled terms: Cultivator? - ?Driving-type? - ?Experimental factors? - ?Potato? - ?Soil particle size? - ?Structural parameter? - ?Structure of soils? - ?Theoretical formula
Classification code: 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics
Soils and Soil Mechanics
? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
? - ?821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment
Agricultural Machinery and Equipment
? - ?901.3 Engineering Research
Engineering Research
? - ?921.5 Optimization Techniques
Optimization Techniques
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 9.38e+01%, Rotational_Speed 2.75e+02RPM, Size 1.80e-01m, Size 7.00e-02m, Velocity 7.50e-01m/s
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.10.006
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
7. Simulation and Experiment on Soil Moisture Profile Sensor Probe
Accession number: 20180404673118
Authors: Yan, Hua (1, 2); Xing, Zhen (1, 2); Xue, Xuzhang (1, 2); Wang, Lichun (1, 2)
Author affiliation: (1) Beijing Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing; 100097, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Agri-informatics, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing; 100097, China
Corresponding author: Xing, Zhen(xingz@nercita.org.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 10
Issue date: October 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 245-251 and 244
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: In order to accurately grasp soil moisture content information, the problem of real-time observation of soil moisture change in different crop root areas under farmland environment is difficult to observe.The structure of probe was researched and analyzed in detail by modeling simulation analysis, and the optimal sensor structure was determined through experimental verification. Through establishing the trace amount planar capacitance probe two-dimensional model, the influence of change of sensor probe structure on the change of electric field intensity and the capacitance value around the trace amount planar capacitance probe was analyzed by using the finite element analysis, and then the probe structure was determined. The sensitivity and the detecting depth of the probe was optimal when the outer diameter of the probe copper ring electrode was 40 mm, the inner diameter was 38.4 mm, the axial length was 20 mm, and the axial spacing was 15 mm. The sensor probe can be applicable to various types of soil moisture measurement. The measurement accuracy reached ±1.42% with better stability and consistency. The results showed that the sensor probe can be designed according to the actual measurement depth and satisfy the soil moisture measurement requirements of the root zone of different crops. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 19
Main heading: Moisture control
Controlled terms: Capacitance? - ?Crops? - ?Electric fields? - ?Experiments? - ?Finite element method? - ?Moisture? - ?Moisture determination? - ?Moisture meters? - ?Probes? - ?Soil moisture ? - ?Soil surveys? - ?Soils? - ?Structural optimization? - ?Trace elements
Uncontrolled terms: Electric field intensities? - ?Experimental verification? - ?Moisture sensors? - ?Profile? - ?Real time observation? - ?Simulation? - ?Soil moisture measurement? - ?Soil moisture profiles
Classification code: 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics
Soils and Soil Mechanics
? - ?701.1 Electricity: Basic Concepts and Phenomena
Electricity: Basic Concepts and Phenomena
? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products
Agricultural Products
? - ?901.3 Engineering Research
Engineering Research
? - ?921.5 Optimization Techniques
Optimization Techniques
? - ?921.6 Numerical Methods
Numerical Methods
? - ?944.1 Moisture Measuring Instruments
Moisture Measuring Instruments
? - ?944.2 Moisture Measurements
Moisture Measurements
Numerical data indexing: Size 1.50e-02m, Size 2.00e-02m, Size 3.84e-02m, Size 4.00e-02m
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.10.030
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
8. Effect of Ionic Liquids Pretreatment on Anaerobic Digestion of Potato Stem Leaves
Accession number: 20180404673121
Authors: Ge, Yihong (1, 2); Qiu, Ling (2, 3); Luo, Shihai (2, 3); Li, Shanshan (2, 3); Yu, Xiunan (2, 3); Guo, Xiaohui (2, 3)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China; (2) Western Scientific Observing and Experimental Station for Development and Utilization of Rural Renewable Energy, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China; (3) College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China
Corresponding author: Qiu, Ling(ql2871@126.com)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 10
Issue date: October 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 266-271
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: With the fulfillment of China’s potato staple food strategy, potato stem leaves gradually become plentiful lignocellulosic biomass resources. However, its cell wall has high-crystalline structure and available surface area which were difficult to hydrolyze and produce biogas by microorganism. Therefore, the effect of lignocellulosic composition, structural and anaerobic digestion from the pretreated potato stem leaf by ionic liquids and dimethyl sulfoxide was evaluated. The potato stem leaf was pretreated with ionic liquids 1-N-butyl-3-methyimidazolium chloride ([C4mim]Cl), 1-ethyl-3-methlyimidazolium acetate ([C2mim]Ac) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) under the condition of 130 for 120 min. Compared with untreated group (19.8% lignin content), the composition and structure of lignocellulosic from the regenerated potato stem leaf was changed and the lignin content was reduced by 31.8%~43.9%. The dissolving capability of the solvents followed the order: [C2mim]Ac, [C2mim]Ac/DMSO, [C4mim]Cl/DMSO, DMSO, [C4mim]Cl. The anaerobic digestion data demonstrated the lag phase of anaerobic digestion start-up period was shortened by 9 d. Because the solubility of cellulose was risen with the increase of the H-bonds accepting ability of the anions which would form more efficient H-bonds between the hydroxyl protons of cellulose and the anion, meanwhile, the crystalline structure of cellulose became lower and the surface became more porous. In other words, the hydrolytic acidification stage was almost accomplished after pretreatment. Plenty of the small molecular substances, which were easy to be used by methanogens, were dissolved out. The cumulative biogas production and the highest methane content were increased by 3.2%~76.3% and 14.3%~25.1%, respectively, compared with untreated potato stem leaf. The cumulative biogas production and the highest methane content of each pretreated groups were 7.21 L and 69.2% ([C4mim]Cl/DMSO), 5.12 L and 64.5% ([C2mim]Ac/DMSO), 5.07 L and 65.7% ([C2mim]Ac), 4.35 L and 64.3% ([C4mim]Cl), 4.22 L and 63.2% (DMSO), respectively. The ionic liquids were almost completely recovered by aqueous biphasic systems (ABSs) with tripotassium phosphate (K3PO4), the recovery rates of DMSO, [C2mim]Ac and [C4mim]Cl were 95.1%, 91.8% and 89.6%, respectively. There were still many issues in putting ionic liquids into practical applications, including the high cost of ILs, regeneration systems and requirements and mechanism of inhibitor generation. Further research was urgently required to dispose such challenges. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 27
Main heading: Anaerobic digestion
Controlled terms: Biogas? - ?Cellulose? - ?Chlorine compounds? - ?Crystalline materials? - ?Dimethyl sulfoxide? - ?Dissolution? - ?Ionic liquids? - ?Lignin? - ?Liquids? - ?Methanation ? - ?Methane? - ?Negative ions? - ?Organic solvents? - ?Solvent extraction
Uncontrolled terms: Aqueous biphasic system? - ?Crystalline structure? - ?Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)? - ?Hydrolytic acidification? - ?Lignocellulose? - ?Lignocellulosic biomass? - ?Potato stem leaves? - ?Regeneration system
Classification code: 522 Gas Fuels
Gas Fuels
? - ?802.2 Chemical Reactions
Chemical Reactions
? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations
Chemical Operations
? - ?804 Chemical Products Generally
Chemical Products Generally
? - ?804.1 Organic Compounds
Organic Compounds
? - ?811.3 Cellulose, Lignin and Derivatives
Cellulose, Lignin and Derivatives
? - ?933.1 Crystalline Solids
Crystalline Solids
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.98e+01%, Percentage 6.32e+01%, Percentage 8.96e+01%, Percentage 9.18e+01%, Percentage 9.51e+01%, Time 7.20e+03s, Volume 4.22e-03m3, Volume 4.35e-03m3, Volume 5.07e-03m3, Volume 5.12e-03m3, Volume 7.21e-03m3
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.10.033
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
9. Real-time Mechanical Arm Position and Pose Control System by Dynamic Hand Gesture Recognition Based on Kinect Device
Accession number: 20180404672975
Authors: Ni, Tao (1); Zhao, Yongjia (1); Zhang, Hongyan (1); Liu, Xiangfu (1); Huang, Lingtao (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun; 130022, China
Corresponding author: Zhang, Hongyan(zhanghy@jlu.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 10
Issue date: October 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 417-423 and 407
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: The research achieved to control the mechanical arm position and pose by using real-time dynamic gesture recognition based on Kinect device. The information of the position controlling was obtained by calculating the position changes of the four hand joint points. The noise of the joints was liable to lead mechanical arm misoperation and the vibration of motion during the control of the mechanical arm. Aiming to avoid the negative impact of the noise in real-time controlling, Kalman filter was adopted to track position and reduce noise. According to the hand point cloud information, the information of the posture controlling was obtained by means of using least squares fitting to get the plane of hand mind. The end of the position and pose of the mechanical arm was controlled by integrating the position and posture information, space coordinate mapping and the resolving of kinematics in real-time. The result of the experiment indicated that the gesture control was easy to operate and mechanical arm responded at high speed. The effect of filter was so remarkable that the motion of the mechanical arm was controlled accurately and smoothly, and no mechanical arm misoperation and others controlling anomaly. Gesture control system could meet the requirement of actually controlling. System could be applied to a variety of human-computer interaction. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 21
Main heading: Position control
Controlled terms: Control systems? - ?Electromechanical filters? - ?Flight control systems? - ?Gesture recognition? - ?Human computer interaction? - ?Kalman filters? - ?Vibrations (mechanical)
Uncontrolled terms: Gesture control? - ?Hand-gesture recognition? - ?Kilman filter? - ?Kinect sensors? - ?Least squares fitting? - ?Mechanical arm? - ?Real-time dynamics? - ?Space coordinates
Classification code: 703.2 Electric Filters
Electric Filters
? - ?731.1 Control Systems
Control Systems
? - ?731.3 Specific Variables Control
Specific Variables Control
? - ?931.1 Mechanics
Mechanics
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.10.053
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
10. Sorption Isotherms and Thermodynamic Properties of Pea Seed
Accession number: 20180404673129
Authors: Yang, Zhao (1); Li, Xiang (1); Tao, Zhichao (1)
Author affiliation: (1) School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin; 300072, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 10
Issue date: October 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 323-329
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Sorption isotherms of pea seed were determined experimentally by using a static gravimetric at temperature of 30, 40 and 50 and within the water activity (aw) range of 0.11~0.92. Four mathematical models were determined by using non-linear regression method. The results showed that equilibrium moisture content (EMC) was decreased as the increase of temperature, and the GAB model fitted well the isotherms data of pea seeds and was considered as the best model for predicting seed moisture. The thermodynamic properties involving in net isosteric heat, differential entropy, enthalpy-entropy compensation, spreading pressure, net integral enthalpy and net integral entropy were analyzed systematically for further understanding of water sorption mechanism. The net isosteric heat and differential entropy were obviously decreased with the increase of EMC, which satisfied the compensation theory. The data indicated that moisture sorption of pea seed was non-spontaneous and enthalpy-controlled processes. And the net isosteric heat approached to the latent heat of pure water around 25% (dry basis). The expansion pressure of seed sorption process was decreased with the increase of temperature at given awand increased with the increase of awat a given temperature. When expansion pressure was at fixed level, the net integral enthalpy was decreased with the increase of EMC, while the net integral entropy was decreased with the increase of EMC to a minimum value of-137.79 J/(mol·K), -140.29 J/(mol·K) and-137.74 J/(mol·K) at 30, 40 and 50, respectively, and then tended to increasing trends. The aw(0.017, 0.045 and 0.062) and EMC (2.7%, 2.5% and 2.4%), which resulted in the minimum net integral entropy values at the temperatures of 30, 35 and 40, respectively, can be considered as the maximum stability storage conditions of pea seed. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 19
Main heading: Temperature
Controlled terms: Adsorption? - ?Adsorption isotherms? - ?Desorption? - ?Digital storage? - ?Enthalpy? - ?Entropy? - ?Isotherms? - ?Linear regression? - ?Moisture? - ?Regression analysis ? - ?Sorption? - ?Thermodynamic properties? - ?Thermodynamics
Uncontrolled terms: Controlled process? - ?Differential entropy? - ?Enthalpy-entropy compensation? - ?Equilibrium moisture contents? - ?Expansion pressure? - ?GAB model? - ?Integral enthalpies? - ?Non-linear regression method
Classification code: 641.1 Thermodynamics
Thermodynamics
? - ?722.1 Data Storage, Equipment and Techniques
Data Storage, Equipment and Techniques
? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations
Chemical Operations
? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics
Mathematical Statistics
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 2.40e+00%, Percentage 2.50e+00%, Percentage 2.50e+01%, Percentage 2.70e+00%
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.10.041
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
11. Design and Experiment of Potato Cleaning and Sorting Machine
Accession number: 20180404673128
Authors: Wang, Xiangyou (1); Sun, Jingbin (1); Xu, Yingchao (1); Li, Xueqiang (2); Cheng, Pengfei (3)
Author affiliation: (1) School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo; 255000, China; (2) Shandong Xicheng Agricultural Machinery Science and Technology Co., Ltd., Dezhou; 253600, China; (3) School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo; 255000, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 10
Issue date: October 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 316-322 and 279
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: In order to solve the problems of poor separation effect, high damage rate and low working efficiency of the existing potato cleaning and sorting machine, a poking roller shoving type potato cleaning and sorting machine was designed. The working mechanism of the potato cleaning machine was described, and the structural parameters of the cleaning device and the sorting device were determined. And the mechanical properties of potato during cleaning and sorting process were analyzed. The orthogonal test was carried out with the unit speed, feeding amount and unit lifting angle as experimental factors, the damaged rate and sorting cleaning rate as experimental indexes. The test results were analyzed by using the data processing software, and it showed that the primary and secondary factors influencing the damaged rate were as follow: unit lifting angle, rotating speed and feeding amount; and the factors affecting the sorting cleaning rate were as follow: feeding amount, unit speed and unit lifting angle. According to the principle of low damage rate and good cleaning rate, the optimum experimental parameters combination were as follow: the unit speed of 145 r/min, the feeding account of 20 t/h, and the unit lifting angle of 12°. And verifying test results were as follows as follow: the damage rate of potato was 0.773% and the sorting cleaning rate was 95.42%, which met the requirement of potato cleaner. The research provided a reference for further reducing the damage rate and optimizing the parameter of potato sorting machine. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 22
Main heading: Sorting
Controlled terms: Cleaning? - ?Data handling? - ?Feeding? - ?Software testing
Uncontrolled terms: Mechanical analysis? - ?Orthogonal test? - ?Potato? - ?Shifting roller? - ?Sorting machines
Classification code: 691.2 Materials Handling Methods
Materials Handling Methods
? - ?723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing
Data Processing and Image Processing
? - ?723.5 Computer Applications
Computer Applications
? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations
Chemical Operations
Numerical data indexing: Mass_Flow_Rate 5.04e+00kg/s, Percentage 7.73e-01%, Percentage 9.54e+01%, Rotational_Speed 1.45e+02RPM
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.10.040
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
12. Preparation of Dietary Fiber from Enzyme-assisted Aqueous Extraction of Soybeans through Carboxymethylation and Its Functional Properties
Accession number: 20180404673130
Authors: Jiang, Lianzhou (1); Zhang, Qiaozhi (1); Guan, Jiaqi (1); Gong, Han (1); Li, Yang (1); Sui, Xiaonan (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China
Corresponding author: Sui, Xiaonan(xiaonan.sui@neau.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 10
Issue date: October 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 330-337
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Enzyme-assisted aqueous extraction (EAEP) is an environmental-friendly method which is an alternative to conventional hexane oil extraction. During EAEP of soybeans, an additional by-product, residue fraction was produced. About 4.4 kg residue would be produced for every liter soybean oil extracted. The residue fraction of EAEP of soybeans contains substantial amount of fibers, which can be considered as a rich resource of dietary fiber. A soybean dietary fiber was prepared from EAEP residues and further modified through carboxymethyl substitution. According to the results of single factor experiments, Box-Behnken response surface methodology was conducted to investigate the correlation between operating parameters and degree of substitution (DS). The results indicated that the effects of four parameters on DS followed an order of etherification time, chloroacetic acid dosage, alkalization temperature, and etherification temperature. For optimizing the four independent variables, square regression analysis was performed. The regression model was fitted with determination coefficient R2of 0.968 4 and optimal parameters were as follows: alkalization temperature was 25; dosage of chloroacetic acid was 1.05 times of the mass of raw fiber; etherification temperature was 70 and etherification time was 3.8 h. The DS under above conditions was 0.430 5. Compared with the raw sample, the water holding capacity, oil holding capacity and expansion capacity of modified fiber were 8.21 g/g, 3.80 g/g and 9.88 mL/g, which were improved by 89.61%, 20.63% and 114.32%, respectively. The infrared spectrum showed that carboxymethyl substitution was occurred during modification. The modified dietary fiber from EAEP of soybeans exhibited desired functional properties, which can be used in meat, beverage and bakery products. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 27
Main heading: Soybean oil
Controlled terms: Bakery products? - ?Chloroacetic acid? - ?Enzymes? - ?Extraction? - ?Fibers? - ?Regression analysis? - ?Surface analysis? - ?Surface properties
Uncontrolled terms: Carboxymethylation? - ?Dietary fibers? - ?Enzyme-assisted aqueous extractions? - ?Response surface analysis? - ?Soybeans
Classification code: 802.3 Chemical Operations
Chemical Operations
? - ?804.1 Organic Compounds
Organic Compounds
? - ?822.3 Food Products
Food Products
? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics
Mathematical Statistics
? - ?951 Materials Science
Materials Science
Numerical data indexing: Mass 4.40e+00kg, Percentage 1.14e+02%, Percentage 2.06e+01%, Percentage 8.96e+01%, Specific_Volume 9.88e-03m3/kg, Time 1.37e+04s
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.10.042
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
13. Predictive Model of Fishy Odor for Hairtail Fish Ball
Accession number: 20180404673132
Authors: Mao, Linchun (1, 2); Ren, Xingchen (1, 2); Li, Yujin (3, 4); Yuan, Jiajia (1, 2); Lu, Wenjing (1, 2)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou; 310058, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Postharvest Handling Agro-Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou; 310058, China; (3) National and Local United Engineering Laboratory of Marine Functional Food Development, Rongcheng; Shandong; 264300, China; (4) Marine Food and Nutrition Research Institute of Shandong Province, Rongcheng; 264309, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 10
Issue date: October 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 345-350
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Hairtail is regarded as one of the main raw materials for surimi-based products in China because of its large production and abundant nutrition. Hairtail fish ball is welcomed by the people. However, the fishy odor develops gradually during refrigerated storage, which influences the eating quality and commodity value. So, it is important to predict the change of fishy odor. To evaluate and predict the fishy odor in hairtail fish ball during refrigerated storage, the concentration of fishy odor compounds was detected every 3 d at 0, 3, 6, 9 and 12. In addition, fishy-odor activity value (F) was calculated through the ratio of concentration of fishy odor compounds to corresponding threshold. The change curve of F was fitted using zero order reaction equation and one order reaction equation. The fitting coefficient of zero order reaction curve was higher than that of one order reaction curve, which was greater than 0.9. The change rate K was the slope of zero order reaction fitting curve. Arrhenius equation described the relationship of change rate K and temperature T, as K=2.332×1013e-8 190/T. The predictive model of fishy odor was established as F=2.332×1013e-8 190/Tt+5.035. The actual and predictive F vales during storage were compared, and the relative errors were within 15%. Therefore, the model was proved to be effective to predict the change of fishy odor in surimi products during storage. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 23
Main heading: Curve fitting
Controlled terms: Fish? - ?Forecasting? - ?Storage (materials)
Uncontrolled terms: Arrhenius equation? - ?Fishy odor? - ?Fitting coefficient? - ?Hairtail? - ?Order reactions? - ?Predictive modeling? - ?Refrigerated storages? - ?Relative errors
Classification code: 694.4 Storage
Storage
? - ?921.6 Numerical Methods
Numerical Methods
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.50e+01%
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.10.044
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
14. Winter Wheat Yield Estimation Based on Particle Filter Algorithm and Weights of Multi-variables
Accession number: 20180404673106
Authors: Xie, Yi (1, 2); Wang, Pengxin (1, 2); Zhang, Shuyu (3); Li, Li (1, 2)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing for Agri-Hazards, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing; 100083, China; (3) Shaanxi Provincial Meteorological Bureau, Xi’an; 710014, China
Corresponding author: Wang, Pengxin(wangpx@cau.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 10
Issue date: October 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 148-155
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: To establish a comprehensive index for monitoring the crop growth and estimating the crop yields accurately, the leaf area index (LAI), aboveground biomass and soil moisture (0~20 cm) simulated by the CERES-Wheat model were assimilated with the state variables retrieved from Landsat data using the particle filter algorithm, for obtaining daily assimilated LAI, aboveground biomass and soil moisture values. Then linear regression analyses were performed to examine the relationships between the assimilated LAI, aboveground biomass or soil moisture and field-measured yields respectively, which were combined with the combination forecasting of entropy method, for determining the weights of different variables at the main growth stages of winter wheat. The comprehensive index was established based on the weights of variables, and the linear correlations between comprehensive index and measured yields were used for establishing wheat yield estimation model. The results showed that the root mean square errors (RMSEs) and mean relative errors (MREs) between the assimilated state variables and the field-measured ones were lower than the RMSEs and MREs between the simulations and the field-measurements, respectively. Thus the accuracies of the assimilated LAI, aboveground biomass and soil moisture time series were improved through the assimilation process. In addition, the correlation coefficients between the comprehensive index and the yields were higher than those between the individual variables and the yields at each wheat growth stage. And the accuracy of the yield estimation model established based on the comprehensive index (R2was 0.78 and RMSE was 330 kg/hm2) was significantly higher than those of the models established based on the LAI (R2was 0.62 and RMSE was 448 kg/hm2), aboveground biomass (R2was 0.64 and RMSE was 431 kg/hm2) and soil moisture (R2was 0.67 and RMSE was 442 kg/hm2) respectively. Therefore, the established comprehensive index fully integrated the advantages of the different variables in estimating crop yields, which can be used for estimating wheat yields accurately. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 19
Main heading: Multivariable systems
Controlled terms: Agriculture? - ?Bandpass filters? - ?Biomass? - ?Crops? - ?Ecology? - ?Mean square error? - ?Moisture? - ?Monte Carlo methods? - ?Regression analysis? - ?Remote sensing ? - ?Soil moisture? - ?Soils
Uncontrolled terms: Data assimilation? - ?Entropy methods? - ?Particle filter? - ?Winter wheat? - ?Yield estimation
Classification code: 454.3 Ecology and Ecosystems
Ecology and Ecosystems
? - ?483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics
Soils and Soil Mechanics
? - ?703.2 Electric Filters
Electric Filters
? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products
Agricultural Products
? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics
Mathematical Statistics
? - ?961 Systems Science
Systems Science
Numerical data indexing: Size 0.00e+00m to 2.00e-01m
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.10.018
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
15. Experiment on Detection Method of Vaccine Strain Activity
Accession number: 20180404673126
Authors: Huang, Chao (1, 2); Liu, Yancong (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao; 266580, China; (2) College of Electrical Engineering, Binzhou University, Binzhou; 256600, China
Corresponding author: Liu, Yancong(liuycupc@163.com)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 10
Issue date: October 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 300-306
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Given the high labor intensity, low efficiency and poor accuracy of the artificial lighting method in the detection of biological vaccine strain, embryo egg, activity, a bionic embryonic egg activity image nondestructive detection system was designed. Considering the blood vessel extraction was affected by factors such as the uneven gray level of the embryo egg image and the uneven eggshell quality of the embryo egg, an adaptive threshold method based on the minimum class inner exponential variance was proposed to segment the image and extract the blood. Arterial inclusion of egg embryo imaging was a critical factor for the accuracy of the fertility detection. By analyzing the development process and lighting experiment of egg embryo, it was found that the method shooting light at the bigger part and imaging from the side was an optimal way for the egg embryo imaging. In embryo egg image acquisition, the brightness of the image was varied under the influence of the camera environment and the image acquisition system. In view of this problem, the V component was used to realize automatic image classification, and then the image process was performed respectively. The main blood vessel of the active embryo egg was constructed accurately through the image edge detection and mathematical morphology process of the denoised embryo egg image, and the embryo egg activity was determined by calculating the two values area percentage and area perimeter ratio of the main blood vessel in the embryo egg. Experimental results showed that the system can recognize one embryo egg with 0.093 s, and the detection accuracy of embryo egg activity was 100%. This system can meet the accuracy requirement of the production of inactivated vaccine and freeze-dried vaccine. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 20
Main heading: Image processing
Controlled terms: Blood vessels? - ?Edge detection? - ?Image acquisition? - ?Image segmentation? - ?Lighting? - ?Mathematical morphology? - ?Strain? - ?Vaccines
Uncontrolled terms: Adaptive threshold method? - ?Automatic image classification? - ?Blood vessel extraction? - ?Gray value? - ?Image acquisition systems? - ?Image edge detection? - ?Nondestructive detection? - ?Vaccine strains
Classification code: 461.2 Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering
Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering
? - ?461.6 Medicine and Pharmacology
Medicine and Pharmacology
? - ?723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications
Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications
? - ?951 Materials Science
Materials Science
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.00e+02%, Time 9.30e-02s
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.10.038
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
16. Design of Humanoid Robot Head and Motion Control for Object Tracking
Accession number: 20180404672973
Authors: Wan, Minhong (1, 2); Zhou, Weijia (1); Liu, Yuwang (1)
Author affiliation: (1) The State Key Laboratory of Robotics, Shenyang Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang; 110016, China; (2) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100049, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 10
Issue date: October 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 401-407
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: According to the need for visual target tracking task of the humanoid robot, a new kind of humanoid robot head with high precision and good dexterity was put forward, and the visual perception module and the three degree of freedom robot mechanism were constructed. In order to evaluate the motion ability of humanoid robot head for the target tracking task, the kinematics model of the robot head was established by using the virtual link method, which made the problem of object tracking transform to the problem of inverse kinematics. And the kinematics characteristics was studied by the calculation of condition number and manipulability, which showed that the dexterity of the humanoid robot head was good for the tracking task. Based on this, by using gradient projection method, the synchronization optimization solution was obtained for the inverse kinematics and the avoidance of joint limits. Because of the complexity of image processing, the speed of the visual measurement system was generally slow, and the bandwidth was usually only about 10 Hz. Therefore, the target position can not be updated in the measurement blind area between the two measuring points, which led to great tracking error. According to this problem, a prediction method of trajectory in the two visual measurement interval to estimate the target position was proposed. The simulation and experimental results showed that the tracking accuracy can be improved by about 80% by using the trajectory prediction method in the blind area of vision measurement, and the high precision target tracking can be realized. The humanoid robot head and motion control method proposed had good tracking performance for dynamic target. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 20
Main heading: Visual servoing
Controlled terms: Anthropomorphic robots? - ?Clutter (information theory)? - ?Degrees of freedom (mechanics)? - ?Forecasting? - ?Image processing? - ?Inverse kinematics? - ?Inverse problems? - ?Kinematics? - ?Machine design? - ?Motion control ? - ?Number theory? - ?Robots? - ?Target tracking? - ?Trajectories
Uncontrolled terms: Gradient projection methods? - ?Head? - ?Humanoid robot? - ?Object Tracking? - ?Trajectory prediction? - ?Virtual Link
Classification code: 601 Mechanical Design
Mechanical Design
? - ?716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing
Information Theory and Signal Processing
? - ?731.3 Specific Variables Control
Specific Variables Control
? - ?731.5 Robotics
Robotics
? - ?931.1 Mechanics
Mechanics
Numerical data indexing: Frequency 1.00e+01Hz, Percentage 8.00e+01%
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.10.051
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
17. Numerical Simulation Analysis of Flow Field in Flow Channel of Internal Interrupted-whorl Screw Separator
Accession number: 20180404673099
Authors: Zhu, Dewen (1); Zhao, Weisong (1); Zong, Wenming (2); Qu, Haoli (1); Xie, Hu (1); Cao, Jie (1)
Author affiliation: (1) Nanjing Research Institute of Agricultural Mechanization, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing; 210014, China; (2) School of Engineering, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei; 230036, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 10
Issue date: October 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 92-100
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: With the rapid development of intensive livestock and poultry industry, a large amount of livestock and poultry manure is produced every year in China, which will cause environment pollution and a great waste of resources if not treated properly. Deep processing and utilization of livestock and poultry manure is required to achieve the “waste to treasure” change. Solid-liquid separation is an important procedure for the comprehensive utilization of livestock manure. In order to analyze how the dewatering performance of the interrupted-whorl screw separator was affected by different gap distance parameters, an Euler-Euler two fluid model was adopted to conduct numerical simulations of the interrupted-whorl screw with 20 mm, 35 mm and 50 mm of gap distance. Work performances of the dewatering device in different gap distance scenarios were compared as well as the flow distribution of particle volume fraction, particle velocity distribution and the pressure distribution inside and outside the porous media region. Results showed that the numerical simulation can accurately reflect the internal flow characteristics of the interrupted-whorl screw extruding device. Working efficiency of the continuous extrusion dehydration device was decreased most by 7.9% with gap distance of 50 mm. The volume fraction of cinder particles was decreased by 3.2% when the gap distance was shortened to 20 mm. The variations of volume fraction changes in the runner were divided into three stages. The volume fraction was increased with a wavy shape in general and the gap length played an important role in influence on the flow pattern inside the cavity. The discontinuous zone had a certain buffering effect on the particle motion, and the length of the interval can control the retention time of particles in the cavity. The differential pressure inside and outside porous media areas had the largest growth in the late of dehydration. The smaller the gap distance under the same condition was, the greater the pressure difference became. By simulation, the optimal interrupted distance, the pressure on slag notch and speed was found to be 35 mm, 5 000 Pa and 50 r/min, respectively. This study can provide reference for the design of the spiral extrusion dewatering device. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 26
Main heading: Agriculture
Controlled terms: Cerenkov counters? - ?Channel flow? - ?Computer simulation? - ?Dehydration? - ?Dewatering? - ?Extrusion? - ?Fertilizers? - ?Flow patterns? - ?Manures? - ?Numerical models ? - ?Porous materials? - ?Screws? - ?Separators? - ?Slags? - ?Two phase flow? - ?Velocity control? - ?Volume fraction
Uncontrolled terms: Comprehensive utilizations? - ?Internal flow characteristics? - ?Interrupted distance? - ?Numerical simulation analysis? - ?Particle velocities? - ?Particle velocity distributions? - ?Particle volume fractions? - ?Solid liquid separation
Classification code: 605 Small Tools and Hardware
Small Tools and Hardware
? - ?631.1 Fluid Flow, General
Fluid Flow, General
? - ?641.1 Thermodynamics
Thermodynamics
? - ?723.5 Computer Applications
Computer Applications
? - ?731.3 Specific Variables Control
Specific Variables Control
? - ?802.2 Chemical Reactions
Chemical Reactions
? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations
Chemical Operations
? - ?804 Chemical Products Generally
Chemical Products Generally
? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
? - ?821.5 Agricultural Wastes
Agricultural Wastes
? - ?921 Mathematics
Mathematics
? - ?944.7 Radiation Measuring Instruments
Radiation Measuring Instruments
? - ?951 Materials Science
Materials Science
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 3.20e+00%, Percentage 7.90e+00%, Pressure 5.00e+03Pa, Rotational_Speed 5.00e+01RPM, Size 2.00e-02m, Size 3.50e-02m, Size 5.00e-02m
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.10.011
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
18. Effects of Initial Conditions on Soil Shrinkage Characteristic of Shajiang Black Soil
Accession number: 20180404673116
Authors: Wei, Cuilan (1, 2); Gao, Weida (1, 2); Li, Lujiu (3); Huang, Feng (1, 2); Li, Baoguo (1, 2)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100193, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation in North China, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing; 100193, China; (3) Institute of Soil and Fertilizer, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei; 230031, China
Corresponding author: Li, Baoguo(libg@cau.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 10
Issue date: October 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 229-236 and 271
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Shajiang black soil is one of the major soil types with low and medium productivity in Huaibei Plain, a sub plain of Huang-Huai-Hai Plain (HHH) of China. Certrifuge method was used to investigate the effects of different initial conditions on its shrinkage characteristics during drying process. The results showed that soil water characteristic curve (SWCC) was fitted better by Gregory model than the VG model when the shrinkage characteristic was considered. When the initial density (ρb) were 1.10 g/cm3, 1.22 g/cm3and 1.32 g/cm3(B1, B2 and B3), respectively, soil water retention capacity at the same water suction was improved as the initial ρbwas increased, linear shrinkage ratio was increased as the initial ρbwas decreased. The final ρbupon shrinkage was positively correlated with the initial ρb. The increased initial bulk density increased void ratio in soil structure shrinking phase, while decreased void ratio in linear shrinking phase. When the initial water content were 49.34%, 43.55%, 36.03%, 31.93% and 25.51% (W1, W1, W3, W4 and W5), respectively, the higher the initial water content was, the faster the water lost, and the linear shrinkage ratio was increased. The void ratio in the structure shrinkage phase was the highest when water content was 36.03%. When the Shajiang contents were 0, 4%, 6%, 8%, 10% and 12% (SJ1, SJ2, SJ3, SJ4, SJ5 and SJ6) respectively, Shajiang content had little effect on linear shrinkage ratio and bulk density after shrinkage, and with the increase of Shajiang content, soil water content under the same soil suction was decreased. Soil void ratio was increased as Shajiang content was increased, but the soil moisture ratio was decreased under the same void ratio. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 36
Main heading: Soils
Controlled terms: Shrinkage? - ?Soil moisture? - ?Water content
Uncontrolled terms: Black soil? - ?Bulk density? - ?Initial water contents? - ?Linear shrinkage ratio? - ?Shajiang content? - ?Shrinkage characteristic? - ?Soil water retention? - ?Soil-water characteristic curve
Classification code: 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics
Soils and Soil Mechanics
? - ?951 Materials Science
Materials Science
Numerical data indexing: Mass_Density 1.10e+03kg/m3, Mass_Density 1.22e+03kg/m3, Percentage 1.00e+01%, Percentage 3.19e+01%, Percentage 3.60e+01%, Percentage 4.00e+00%, Percentage 4.35e+01%, Percentage 4.93e+01%, Percentage 6.00e+00%, Percentage 8.00e+00%
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.10.028
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
19. Design and Test of Transplanting Hole-forming Machine for Rapeseed Potted Seedlings
Accession number: 20180404673093
Authors: Xiang, Wei (1, 2); Wu, Mingliang (1, 2); Guan, Chunyun (2, 3); He, Yiming (1, 2); Luo, Haifeng (1, 2); Yan, Bo (1, 2)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha; 410128, China; (2) Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Changsha; 410128, China; (3) College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha; 410128, China
Corresponding author: Wu, Mingliang(mlwu@hunau.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 10
Issue date: October 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 40-48 and 58
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: In order to design a new rapeseed transplanting machine, a pure rolling-type transplanting hole-forming machine for rapeseed was developed in accordance with agricultural requirements for rapeseed transplanting and the features of transplanting hole formation. The motion mechanism of the pure rolling-type mechanism was analyzed to derive motion parametric equations for the hole-forming mechanism. Matlab was used to generate theoretical contour lines and outline drawings of the transplanting hole. CATIA was then used for simulation analysis to obtain the contour curve of the transplanting hole, and fitting as well as simulation were carried out to verify its structure and motion parameters. Based on different slip rates, Matlab was used to solve formed planting hole physical parameters, such as the longitudinally opening length, longitudinal length of planting hole at the depth of H and the upper lateral width. Subsequently, prototype trial-production was carried out, followed by field testing. The experimental results obtained indicated that when the machine was in low gear, its forward speed was in the range of 1.80~1.96 km/h and field operation efficiency was in the range of 0.306~0.333 hm2/h. When tested in three types of soil, i.e., clay, loamy and sandy soil, the average qualification rate of hole formation reached 94.4%, 93.3% and 90.4%, respectively. These results confirmed that the developed transplanting hole-forming machine satisfied design requirements, which was significant for the provision of technical support for the design of new transplanters. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 30
Main heading: Agricultural machinery
Controlled terms: Curve fitting? - ?Drawing (forming)? - ?Equations of motion? - ?MATLAB? - ?Metal forming machines? - ?Oilseeds
Uncontrolled terms: Forming mechanism? - ?Parametric equation? - ?Physical parameters? - ?Planting holes? - ?Rape? - ?Structure and motions? - ?Transplanting? - ?Transplanting machine
Classification code: 535.2.1 Metal Forming Machines
Metal Forming Machines
? - ?821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment
Agricultural Machinery and Equipment
? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products
Agricultural Products
? - ?921 Mathematics
Mathematics
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 9.04e+01%, Percentage 9.33e+01%, Percentage 9.44e+01%, Velocity 5.00e-01m/s to 5.44e-01m/s
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.10.005
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
20. Non-destructive Measurement of Plant Stem Water Content Based on Ultrasonic Radio Frequency
Accession number: 20180404673112
Authors: Lü, Danju (1, 2); Shi, Xinling (1); Dong, Yi (1); Wang, Yuemin (1); Wang, Xia (1); Wang, Chao (3)
Author affiliation: (1) School of Information Science and Engineering, Yunnan University, Kunming; 650091, China; (2) School of Big Data and Intelligent Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming; 650224, China; (3) College of Forestry, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming; 650224, China
Corresponding author: Shi, Xinling(lshi@ynu.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 10
Issue date: October 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 195-201
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Water is directly or indirectly involved in the activities of plant physiology. One role of stems is water storage, the other is water transmission channel. Detection of plant stem water by non-destructive online method becomes one of the hot spots in the study of plant water physiological activity. A real-time online non-destructive detection system designed by LabVIEW was proposed based on ultrasonic echoes, which was composed by ultrasonic probe, ultrasonic RF transmitter receiver, data acquisition instrument and portable computer. The simulation model was built by the system with various ultrasonic velocities of different organic solutions to represent the water content of plant stems. The correlation between the changes of water content and that of ultrasonic velocity was analyzed on a set of poplar cutting samples in the process of water absorption of those samples. The average determination coefficient reached about 0.98. For 24 h detection on stem of a living Michelia alba, the highest ultrasonic velocity appeared at 14: 00, and the lowest appeared at 22:00. The results showed the variations of ultrasonic velocity accorded with plant physiological characteristic. Meanwhile, the variations of velocities in radial and axial directions and in different kinds of plant stem were detected by the system, which provided a detection instrument with structural differences for the research on plant stem water physiological characteristics. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 25
Main heading: Water absorption
Controlled terms: Data acquisition? - ?Digital storage? - ?Microcomputers? - ?Nanocomposites? - ?Physiology? - ?Ultrasonic applications? - ?Ultrasonic testing? - ?Ultrasonic velocity? - ?Ultrasonics? - ?Velocity
Uncontrolled terms: Detection instruments? - ?Determination coefficients? - ?Non-destructive measurement? - ?Nondestructive detection? - ?Physiological activity? - ?Physiological characteristics? - ?Stem water content? - ?Structural differences
Classification code: 461.9 Biology
Biology
? - ?722.1 Data Storage, Equipment and Techniques
Data Storage, Equipment and Techniques
? - ?722.4 Digital Computers and Systems
Digital Computers and Systems
? - ?723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing
Data Processing and Image Processing
? - ?753.1 Ultrasonic Waves
Ultrasonic Waves
? - ?753.3 Ultrasonic Applications
Ultrasonic Applications
? - ?761 Nanotechnology
Nanotechnology
? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations
Chemical Operations
? - ?933 Solid State Physics
Solid State Physics
Numerical data indexing: Time 8.64e+04s
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.10.024
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
21. Design and Test on Hammerhead of Pecan Shell-breaking Machine
Accession number: 20180404673127
Authors: Cao, Chengmao (1); Jiang, Lan (1); Wu, Chongyou (2); Li, Zheng (1); Wang, Tianyu (1); Ding, Ran (1)
Author affiliation: (1) School of Engineering, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei; 230036, China; (2) Nanjing Research Institute for Agricultural Mechanization, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing; 210014, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 10
Issue date: October 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 307-315
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: At present, it is universally acknowledged that the mechanical shell-breaking method is regarded as the main research strategies in the process of pecan shell-breaking equipment design. The design and improvement of shell-breaking method and principle had been studied extensively. However, in each kind of shell-breaking method, the research on the loading contact form between the broken shell mechanism and the pecan was neglected. Whether in the study of pecan shell-breaking principle and method or the design of mechanical equipment, the load which was provided with a single contact form was bore for pecan, such as point load or line load. In the course of processing, the size of the shell-breaking force was prone to cause the partial breakage of the shell or the serious damage of the nut, which led to the phenomenon of low shell-breaking rate and high nut damage rate. Therefore, the groove shape hammerhead with sockets was developed. The hammerhead structures of different loading contact form were designed. And the shell-breaking effect on different loading contact form was researched by test. When the pecan was broken, the shell-breaking rate, nut damage rate and exposure nut rate of pecan were deemed as evaluation index. The crack distributions which were formed of three hammerheads in different loading directions were compared and analyzed. The finite element analysis software Abaqus was used to research the distribution and propagation of crack in the process of the shell-breaking, which considered the structure of the hammerhead with four different numbers of sockets as the variable. The orthogonal test which considered the structure parameters of the hammerhead and the loading direction as experimental factors was designed and used to determine the optimum combination. The results showed that the structure of the hammerhead in the groove shape can reduce the influence of the loading direction factor on the shell-breaking effect. Containing a plurality of sockets can make the pecan shell generate a large number of local crack points which extended along the tangent line of the socket to produce and extend crack. This structure can act as a crack guide. With the increase of number of sockets, the crack distribution of the pecan shell was uniform and the range was wide. This structure can improve the quality of shell-breaking. When the groove diameter was 28 mm, the number of sockets was 7, the most satisfactory shell-breaking effects were obtained, which generated the shell-breaking rate of 98.88%, the first grade nut rate of 37.05%, the second grade nut rate of 57.24%, and the nut damage rate of 5.71%. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 25
Main heading: Shells (structures)
Controlled terms: ABAQUS? - ?Cracks? - ?Design? - ?Finite element method? - ?Loads (forces)? - ?Polypropylenes
Uncontrolled terms: Experimental factors? - ?Finite element analysis software? - ?Groove shape? - ?Mechanical equipment? - ?Optimum combination? - ?Pecan? - ?Propagation of cracks? - ?Shell-breaking
Classification code: 408 Structural Design
Structural Design
? - ?408.2 Structural Members and Shapes
Structural Members and Shapes
? - ?815.1.1 Organic Polymers
Organic Polymers
? - ?921 Mathematics
Mathematics
? - ?921.6 Numerical Methods
Numerical Methods
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 3.70e+01%, Percentage 5.71e+00%, Percentage 5.72e+01%, Percentage 9.89e+01%, Size 2.80e-02m
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.10.039
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
22. Effect of Freeze-thaw and Enzymatic Pretreatment of Rice Straw on Biogas Production by Anaerobic Digestion
Accession number: 20180404673120
Authors: Deng, Yuanfang (1, 2); Qiu, Ling (1, 3); Wang, Yajun (1, 3); Dai, Benlin (2, 4); Xu, Jiming (2, 4)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China; (2) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomass-based Energy and Enzyme Technology, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai’an; 223300, China; (3) Western Scientific Observing and Experimental Station for Development and Utilization of Rual Renewable Energy, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China; (4) Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture and Environmental Protection, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai’an; 223300, China
Corresponding author: Qiu, Ling(ql2871@126.com)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 10
Issue date: October 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 260-265
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: In order to use of the outdoor cold climate resources as the low-temperature reaction condition, the objective of this research was to investigate the effect of freeze-thaw treatment (Z groups: -4, S groups: -20) on the efficiency of hemicellulose degradation and enzymatic hydrolysis pretreatment of rice straw to improve its biodegradability and anaerobic biogas production. A new low temperature freeze-thaw pretreatment development pathway was created for the pre-processing research and development. The results showed that water holding capacity was optimal when soaking temperature was 30, time was 4 h, and liquid-solid ratio was 15 mL/g. Under low temperature freeze-thaw condition, the contents of xylose in the liquid hydrolysates were increased (Z3: 6.5 g, S2: 7.2 g), hemicellulose conversion rate reached 24.1% (Z3) and 26.6% (S2), which were improved significantly(p ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 26
Main heading: Anaerobic digestion
Controlled terms: Biodegradability? - ?Biogas? - ?Cellulose? - ?Enzymatic hydrolysis? - ?Food processing? - ?Freezing? - ?Hydrolysis? - ?Low temperature production? - ?Temperature? - ?Thawing
Uncontrolled terms: Anaerobic fermentation? - ?Biological pre-treatment? - ?Freeze-thaw? - ?Hemicellulose degradation? - ?Low temperature reactions? - ?Research and development? - ?Rice straws? - ?Water holding capacity
Classification code: 522 Gas Fuels
Gas Fuels
? - ?641.1 Thermodynamics
Thermodynamics
? - ?801.2 Biochemistry
Biochemistry
? - ?802.2 Chemical Reactions
Chemical Reactions
? - ?811.3 Cellulose, Lignin and Derivatives
Cellulose, Lignin and Derivatives
? - ?822.2 Food Processing Operations
Food Processing Operations
Numerical data indexing: Mass 1.35e-02kg, Mass 1.45e-02kg, Mass 6.50e-03kg, Mass 7.20e-03kg, Percentage 7.35e+01%, Specific_Volume 1.50e-02m3/kg, Time 1.44e+04s, Time 1.73e+05s, Time 8.64e+04s, Volume 5.43e-04m3
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.10.032
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
23. Structure Coupling-reducing Design and Kinematics Analysis of 3T1R Parallel Mechanism
Accession number: 20180404673137
Authors: Shen, Huiping (1); Zhang, Zhen (1); Yang, Tingli (1); Shao, Guowei (1)
Author affiliation: (1) Research Center for Advanced Mechanism Theory, University of Changzhou, Changzhou; 213016, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 10
Issue date: October 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 380-389 and 400
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: There is a wide range of industrial applications for the 4-DOF parallel mechanism which can achieve SCARA type output motion (i.e., three translations and one rotation). However, due to the complex topological structures, the research and development of its new model are still relatively few. Firstly, according to the parallel mechanism design theory and method based on the orientation characteristic (POC), a SCARA type parallel mechanism whose structure was simple was proposed. Because the coupling degree was 2, positive solution of position and dynamics calculation of the parallel mechanism were very complex. So the new model after structure coupling-reducing (k=1) was given, its positive solutions can be easily solved by one-dimensional search method. Then the three main topological characteristics of POC set, degree of freedom and the coupling degree were respectively analyzed. The kinematics analysis of the new model whose coupling degree was one after structure coupling-reducing was given, and the solution algorithm for the forward position of this parallel mechanism was established. This method can obtain all the numerical solutions of the forward position by using one-dimensional searching method, and can verify the correctness of the forward position by the derived calculation formula of the inverse position. Finally, based on the inverse position of the mechanism, the working space of this parallel mechanism was obtained and the singularity of the mechanism was discussed, which provided a theoretical foundation for the prototype design and application of this mechanism. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 19
Main heading: Structural design
Controlled terms: Degrees of freedom (mechanics)? - ?Design? - ?Inverse problems? - ?Kinematics? - ?Machine design? - ?Mechanisms? - ?Numerical methods? - ?Online searching? - ?Topology
Uncontrolled terms: Coupling degree? - ?Kinematics analysis? - ?One dimensional searching? - ?One-dimensional search? - ?Parallel mechanisms? - ?Research and development? - ?Theoretical foundations? - ?Topological characteristics
Classification code: 408.1 Structural Design, General
Structural Design, General
? - ?601 Mechanical Design
Mechanical Design
? - ?601.3 Mechanisms
Mechanisms
? - ?903.3 Information Retrieval and Use
Information Retrieval and Use
? - ?921.4 Combinatorial Mathematics, Includes Graph Theory, Set Theory
Combinatorial Mathematics, Includes Graph Theory, Set Theory
? - ?921.6 Numerical Methods
Numerical Methods
? - ?931.1 Mechanics
Mechanics
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.10.049
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
24. Power Spectrum Characteristics Analysis for Acoustic Emissions Signal of Tomato
Accession number: 20180404673111
Authors: Yu, Ligen (1, 2); Li, Changying (3); Chen, Liping (1, 2); Xue, Xuzhang (1, 2); Wei, Ruxue (1, 2); Guo, Wenzhong (1, 2)
Author affiliation: (1) Beijing Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture, Beijing; 100097, China; (2) National Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture, Beijing; 100097, China; (3) Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of Georgia, Tifton; GA; 31793, United States
Corresponding author: Guo, Wenzhong(guowz@nercita.org.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 10
Issue date: October 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 189-194
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Taking tomato variety of ‘Jiali14’ as experimental materials, the relationship among the acoustic emissions signal, soil water contents and photosynthetic characteristic parameters of tomato under water deficit was analyzed. The short-time Fourier transform and power spectrum analysis computed by LabVIEW 2014 were employed to examine the spectrum characteristics of the collected AE signals. The whole process of water deficit was approximately divided into four stages: DAY1, DAY2, DAY3 and DAY4 according to the soil water contents. The results showed that characteristics for AEs during the water deficit period were presented by a regular change pattern, while the peak time was 10: 00-16: 00 and the amplitude was 40~60 dB. Power spectrum for acoustic emissions of tomato was a phenomenon observed in characteristic parameters with dominant frequency (fp), central frequency (fa) and formants. The frequencies of fp, faand the second, third resonance peaks of DAY1 were distributed at 250~375 kHz, where the first resonance peak of DAY1 was distributed mainly at 0~125 kHz. The first, second and third resonance peaks of DAY2, DAY3 and DAY4 were all centralized at 250~375 kHz. From the amplitude of resonance peaks, the arrangement of DAY1 was the third, second, and first formant, but the order of formants for DAY2 and DAY4 were opposite of DAY1. A single peak curve was existed with net photosynthetic rate of tomato, and the peak value Pnoccurred at 12: 00, whereas the intercellular CO2concentrations were increased firstly and then decreased with the decrease of soil water contents. Although the changes of amplitude and frequencies of resonance peaks for acoustic emissions of tomato in initial irrigation stage and late irrigation stage were different, a good correspondence between AE outcomes and experimental observations of the net photosynthetic rate, intercellular CO2concentrations and photosynthetic performances was obtained and discussed. This result may provide a new monitoring method for acoustic emissions characteristics of water deficit through power spectrum analysis. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 22
Main heading: Soil pollution
Controlled terms: Acoustic emission testing? - ?Acoustic emissions? - ?Carbon dioxide? - ?Fruits? - ?Irrigation? - ?Power spectrum? - ?Resonance? - ?Soil moisture? - ?Soils? - ?Spectrum analysis
Uncontrolled terms: Experimental materials? - ?Net photosynthetic rate? - ?Photosynthetic characteristics? - ?Resonance peak? - ?Short time Fourier transforms? - ?Soil water content? - ?Spectrum characteristic? - ?Tomato
Classification code: 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics
Soils and Soil Mechanics
? - ?751.2 Acoustic Properties of Materials
Acoustic Properties of Materials
? - ?804.2 Inorganic Compounds
Inorganic Compounds
? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods
Agricultural Methods
? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products
Agricultural Products
? - ?931.1 Mechanics
Mechanics
Numerical data indexing: Decibel 4.00e+01dB to 6.00e+01dB, Frequency 0.00e+00Hz to 1.25e+05Hz, Frequency 2.50e+05Hz to 3.75e+05Hz
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.10.023
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
25. Mechanism Analysis and Multi-target Performance Optimization of 3-P(4S) Parallel Mechanism
Accession number: 20180404673138
Authors: Zhao, Xingyu (1, 2); Zhao, Tieshi (1, 2); Yun, Xuan (1, 2); Wang, Wenchao (1, 2); Tian, Xin (1, 2); Li, Zhongjie (1, 2)
Author affiliation: (1) Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Parallel Robot and Mechatronic System, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao; 066004, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Advanced Forging & Stamping Technology and Science, Ministry of Education, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao; 066004, China
Corresponding author: Zhao, Tieshi(tszhao@ysu.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 10
Issue date: October 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 390-400
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: The object was to solve the dynamics analysis and multi-target performance optimization of 3-P(4S) parallel mechanism. Firstly, inverse kinematics of 3-P(4S) parallel mechanism was solved, and hybrid numerical algorithm was proposed, which was composed of BP neural network and quasi-Newton method algorithm. The algorithm could solve the forward kinematics of 3-P(4S) parallel mechanism in less than 20 ms by three step iterations, and the accuracy was on the level of 10-8, which can realize the high accuracy and real-time control of 3-P(4S) parallel mechanism. Then the velocity and acceleration of the moving platform and limbs were obtained by the derivative of the position solution. According to the results of kinematic analysis, the dynamic model of the mechanism was constructed by Newton Euler method, and the dynamic simulation of the numerical example was utilized to verify the dynamic model of 3-P(4S) parallel mechanism. From the verification results, both of the two were exactly the same. Finally, considering the dynamic performance, stiffness performance and speed performance of the 3-P(4S) parallel mechanism, an improved genetic algorithm was utilized to optimize the 3-P(4S) parallel mechanism. Through the multi-objective performance optimization, the dynamic performance and speed performance of the mechanism were improved by two times, and the stiffness performance was increased by three times. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 20
Main heading: Dynamics
Controlled terms: Dynamic models? - ?Genetic algorithms? - ?Inverse kinematics? - ?Inverse problems? - ?Kinematics? - ?Mechanisms? - ?Neural networks? - ?Newton-Raphson method? - ?Numerical methods? - ?Optimization ? - ?Real time control? - ?Stiffness
Uncontrolled terms: Multi-objective performance optimizations? - ?Multi-targets? - ?Newton-Euler methods? - ?Numerical algorithms? - ?Parallel mechanisms? - ?Performance optimizations? - ?Quasi-Newton methods? - ?Verification results
Classification code: 601.3 Mechanisms
Mechanisms
? - ?731 Automatic Control Principles and Applications
Automatic Control Principles and Applications
? - ?921 Mathematics
Mathematics
? - ?931.1 Mechanics
Mechanics
? - ?951 Materials Science
Materials Science
Numerical data indexing: Time 2.00e-02s
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.10.050
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
26. Design and Test of Direct-fired Stove Using Biomass Pellet Fuel
Accession number: 20180404673123
Authors: Li, Yameng (1, 2); Zhou, Xuehua (1, 2); Hu, Jianjun (1, 2); Zhu, Shengnan (1, 2); Jing, Yanyan (1, 2); Zhang, Quanguo (1, 2)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou; 450002, China; (2) Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomass Energy of Henan Province, Zhengzhou; 450002, China
Corresponding author: Zhang, Quanguo(zquanguo@163.com)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 10
Issue date: October 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 280-285
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Several issues existing in the biomass stoves, such as low thermal efficiency, substandard fire intensity, insufficient air supply, uncomplete combustion, substandard emission and unitary function. According to the requirement about the environmental cooking stoves with biomass pellet fuel for centralized food catering, a novel direct-fired cooking stove with biomass pellet fuel was designed to solve the mentioned shortcomings. An annular evaporator was installed above the furnace, the water inside the evaporator was heated by the peripheral flame and flue gas, and high temperature steam produced from evaporator was assigned to different routes to achieve the direct-fired cooking stove combined functions of stir-fry, steamed rice, boil water and thermaling. Meanwhile, in order to ensure the uniformity of air intake, a grid shaped air inlet sleeve was designed, the wind was blown into the furnace in a rotating form. Moreover, all the integrated functions can run simultaneously. According to the national standard NB/T 34015-2013, the direct-fired stove was tested. The performance test results of the redesigned cooking stove showed that the thermal efficiency for cooking reached 42.9%, and the integrated thermal efficiency was 70.7% combined with the thermal used for heating water. The fire intensity for cooking was 14.1 kW, and emission indexes of flue gas was lower than the national standard. The novel design of the cooking stoves with biomass pellet fuel realized the complete combustion of biomass particles, which can provide reference for the design and application of direct-fired pellet stove. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 21
Main heading: Stoves
Controlled terms: Air intakes? - ?Biomass? - ?Combustion? - ?Cooking? - ?Design? - ?Efficiency? - ?Evaporators? - ?Flue gases? - ?Fuels? - ?Pelletizing ? - ?Produced Water? - ?Testing? - ?Thermal processing (foods)
Uncontrolled terms: Biomass pellet fuels? - ?Biomass pellets? - ?Combined functions? - ?Design and application? - ?Direct-fired? - ?Integrated function? - ?National standard? - ?Thermal efficiency
Classification code: 451.1 Air Pollution Sources
Air Pollution Sources
? - ?631.1 Fluid Flow, General
Fluid Flow, General
? - ?802.1 Chemical Plants and Equipment
Chemical Plants and Equipment
? - ?822.2 Food Processing Operations
Food Processing Operations
? - ?913.1 Production Engineering
Production Engineering
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 4.29e+01%, Percentage 7.07e+01%, Power 1.41e+04W
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.10.035
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
27. Extraction Method of Irrigation Networks in Irrigated Area Based on UAV DEM
Accession number: 20180404673108
Authors: Zhang, Hongming (1); Li, Yao (1); Wang, Meng (1); Han, Wenting (2); Ning, Jifeng (1); Wang, Meili (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Information Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China; (2) College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 10
Issue date: October 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 165-171
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Mapping of irrigation networks in large-scale irrigation districts is very important for the development of modern water-saving irrigation technology, at the same time, it is also important for allocating water reasonably and supplying water safely. However, due to the low resolution of the remote sensing images currently, it is very difficult to extract the irrigation networks in detail. Based on the slope data generated from digital elevation model (DEM) which was obtained from the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) aerial photogrammetry collected in March, 2016, and combined the characteristics of irrigation networks, a revised hough transform (RHT) method was adopted, which realized the fast extraction of irrigation networks. Compared with the object-oriented method, supervised-classification method and the field measurement results, the integrity of RHT method can reach about 85.61%. Errors were mainly concentrated in the non liner cannal part, which existed more sediment deposition (slope was not obvious), and also in the cannal dike when unneceassary parallel or crossed cannal were eliminated. According to the characteristics of irrigation networks, the research result was a beneficial exploration for the study of artificial irrigation network system, which was based on the high-resolution DEMs. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 31
Main heading: Irrigation
Controlled terms: Digital instruments? - ?Extraction? - ?Forestry? - ?Geomorphology? - ?Hough transforms? - ?Hydraulic structures? - ?Photogrammetry? - ?Remote sensing? - ?Surveying? - ?Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) ? - ?Water conservation
Uncontrolled terms: Aerial photogrammetry? - ?Digital elevation model? - ?Digital terrain analysis? - ?Irrigation Networks? - ?Object oriented method? - ?Remote sensing images? - ?Supervised classification? - ?Water-saving irrigation
Classification code: 405.3 Surveying
Surveying
? - ?444 Water Resources
Water Resources
? - ?481.1.1 Geomorphology
Geomorphology
? - ?652.1 Aircraft, General
Aircraft, General
? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations
Chemical Operations
? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods
Agricultural Methods
? - ?921.3 Mathematical Transformations
Mathematical Transformations
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 8.56e+01%
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.10.020
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
28. Replication by Template Methods and Wetting Properties of Indocalamus-leaf-like Polymer Surfaces
Accession number: 20180404672976
Authors: Weng, Can (1, 2); Yang, Dongjiao (1, 2); Wang, Fei (1, 2); Zhou, Honghui (3)
Author affiliation: (1) State Key Laboratory of High Performance Complex Manufacturing, Central South University, Changsha; 410083, China; (2) College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha; 410083, China; (3) Zhuzhou Times New Material Technology Co., Ltd., Zhuzhou; 412007, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 10
Issue date: October 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 424-428
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Learn from the nature, the undersurface of indocalamus leaf with water contact angle of 140° was taken as the mimetic object. Two template methods were chosen to fabricate polymer biomimetic surfaces which had the similar micro-nano hierarchical structure characteristics of the indocalamus leaf. The morphology and surface wettability of polymer biomimetic surfaces were investigated by scanning electron microscope and contact angle meter, respectively. The undersurface of indocalamus leaf was then used as a template. Only some replicated micro-papilla were found on the PDMS biomimetic surface fabricated by a double replica method, missing most nano-lamellar structures. The water contact angle of PDMS biomimetic surface was only increased by 7°, compared with that of PDMS flat surface. The PP biomimetic surfaces were fabricated by injection molding combined with electroforming process. Results showed that the most micro-nano hierarchical structures of indocalamus leaf were successfully transferred onto the PP surfaces. Compared with PP flat surface, the water contact angle of PP biomimetic surface was increased by 50°. The PP biomimetic surface was then modified by fluoroalkylsilane with low surface energy. Compared with PP flat surface, the water contact angle of modified PP biomimetic surface was increased by 70°, reaching 133°±2°. But the polymer biomimetic surfaces fabricated by these two template methods can not reserve the dynamic wettability of natural indocalamus leaf. Results showed that the injection molding combined with electroforming and modification by fluorochemicals could be used to fabricate biomimetic hydrophobic surfaces with high efficiency and low cost. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 20
Main heading: Wetting
Controlled terms: Biomimetic processes? - ?Biomimetics? - ?Contact angle? - ?Electrochemistry? - ?Electroforming? - ?Electrometallurgy? - ?Fabrication? - ?Functional polymers? - ?Hydrophobicity? - ?Injection molding ? - ?Microchannels? - ?Molding? - ?Nanostructures? - ?Polymers? - ?Scanning electron microscopy? - ?Surface chemistry
Uncontrolled terms: Biomimetic surfaces? - ?Dynamic wettabilities? - ?Hierarchical structures? - ?Hydrophobic surfaces? - ?Indocalamus leaf? - ?Micro-nano structures? - ?Template methods? - ?Water contact angle
Classification code: 461.8 Biotechnology
Biotechnology
? - ?531.1 Metallurgy
Metallurgy
? - ?761 Nanotechnology
Nanotechnology
? - ?801.4 Physical Chemistry
Physical Chemistry
? - ?801.4.1 Electrochemistry
Electrochemistry
? - ?815.1 Polymeric Materials
Polymeric Materials
? - ?931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids
Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids
? - ?933 Solid State Physics
Solid State Physics
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.10.054
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
29. Depth-sphere Transversal Method for on-branch Citrus Fruit Recognition
Accession number: 20180404673092
Authors: Liu, Jizhan (1); Zhu, Xinxin (1); Yuan, Yan (1)
Author affiliation: (1) Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology, Ministry of Education, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang; 212013, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 10
Issue date: October 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 32-39
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Considering the three-dimensional geometric characteristics of the fruit, leaf and branch objects of citrus are real sphere, slice and thin cylinder, and together with the advantage of depth sensors can collect the depth point cloud of the object. A method to recognize citrus fruits based on depth-sphere transversal was proposed. Firstly, the basic principle and the key parameters of the depth-sphere transversal method for spherical fruits feature extraction were proposed. Secondly, point cloud clustering and regional division method were used to obtain isolated and adhering area, and the feature extraction algorithms of isolated fruits and adhering fruits were put forward to fruit and leaf in isolated areas and fruits or leaves in touching areas, respectively. In addition, in-depth data processing and fruits recognition strategy of a complex environment were obtained. According to the Intel RealSense F200 depth sensor parameters, citrus fruit size, close-range detection range, data preprocessing and the requirements for feature extraction algorithm to determine the parameters of the depth-sphere transversal method were carried out. A large number of indoor tests results indicated that the average success rate was 98.4% by the depth-sphere transversal method in isolated area, and the average success rate was 76% in touching region, while the comprehensive success rate was 63.8% in complex environment. The depth-sphere transversal identification method only used the limited depth data points to ensure the accuracy of the original data and at the same time to reduce the amount of computation and the complexity of fruit feature extraction. This can effectively deal with the problem of fruit and leaf occlusion, and achieve the effective distinction between sticking fruits and leaves. The method had a good adaptability to the citrus fruit, which provided a new idea for robots to recognize and locate fruits in complex environment. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 20
Main heading: Citrus fruits
Controlled terms: Data handling? - ?Environmental testing? - ?Extraction? - ?Feature extraction? - ?Fruits? - ?Spheres
Uncontrolled terms: Citrus? - ?Depth information? - ?Feature extraction algorithms? - ?Geometric characteristics? - ?Identification method? - ?Picking? - ?Recognition? - ?Recognition strategies
Classification code: 723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing
Data Processing and Image Processing
? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations
Chemical Operations
? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products
Agricultural Products
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 6.38e+01%, Percentage 7.60e+01%, Percentage 9.84e+01%
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.10.004
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
30. Effect of Alternate Irrigation with Fresh and Brackish Water on Saline Distribution Characteristics of Soil and Growth of Summer Maize
Accession number: 20180404673115
Authors: Zhu, Chengli (1, 2); Shu, Muchen (2); Zhang, Zhanyu (1, 2); Zhai, Yaming (1, 2); Min, Yong (2); Huang, Mingyi (2)
Author affiliation: (1) Key Laboratory of Efficient Irrigation-Drainage and Agricultural Soil-Water Environment in Southern China, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing; 210098, China; (2) College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing; 210098, China
Corresponding author: Zhai, Yaming(zhaiymhhu@163.com)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 10
Issue date: October 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 220-228 and 201
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: In order to make full use of saline water resources, a pot experiment was carried out to investigate the characteristics of soil salt distribution and the growth of summer maize (Zea mays L.) subjected to three alternate brackish water irrigation methods (i.e., BFF: in which maize was irrigated with brackish water at the seedling stage and fresh water at the remaining periods; FBF: in which brackish water was irrigated at the jointing stage and fresh water at other stages; FFB: in which plants were watered with brackish water at the filling stage and fresh water at the vegetative stage) at three levels (i.e., L was 1 g/L NaCl; M was 3 g/L NaCl; H was 5 g/L NaCl), respectively. The results showed that the soil salt content under fresh water irrigation throughout the whole growth period (CK) was the lowest, and the higher the salinity of brackish water was applied, the higher the soil salt content was. Under the same salinity of brackish water irrigation, the descending order of average soil salt content distribution in the same depth was FFB, FBF and BFF. After harvest, in the 0~15 cm soil layer, the average soil salt contents of BFFL, FBFL, FFBL, BFFM and FBFM were lower compared with the original soil salt content. The similar reductions were found in the 15~30 cm soil layer, while the average soil salt content in the 30~45 cm soil layer were 36.92%, 39.20%, 51.54%, 96.91% and 88.17% higher than the original soil salt contents of these treatments. The average soil salt content of BFFH was higher than the original soil salt contents by 8.92% and 135.44% in the 15~30 cm and 30~45 cm soil layers, respectively, and with lower average soil salt content in the 0~15 cm soil layer. Moreover, the higher average soil salt contents than the original soil salt contents were found in all soil layers of FBFH, FFBM and FFBH. The average soil salt contents of FFB at 3 g/L and 5 g/L levels were highest in the 30~45 cm soil layer, followed by those of the 0~15 cm soil layer, while the average soil salt contents were the minimum in the 15~30 cm soil layer. Instead, the average soil salt contents of other treatments followed the order from high to low was the 30~45 cm soil layer, 15~30 cm soil layer and 0~15 cm soil layer. The inhibition degree of different brackish irrigation to the growth related traits such as plant height, leaf area of summer maize in decreasing order were as follows: the jointing stage, the seedling stage and the filling stage. As the degree of salinity was increased, the inhibitory effect became more significant. In all brackish water irrigation methods, the order of plant dry weight, grain weight and the 100-grain weight from high to low was FBF, BFF and FFB. Furthermore, with the increase of water salinity, the yield of summer maize was decreased gradually. With the same irrigation amount, the yield of FBFH was the lowest, which decreased grain weight by 34.85% compared with CK. For maize cultivation in coastal area, the brackish water should be irrigated in the late growth stage to ensure the output. After that, fresh water irrigation would be beneficial during the noncrops growing season for salt leaching and reducing the risk of the soil secondary salinization. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 35
Main heading: Soils
Controlled terms: Cultivation? - ?Grain (agricultural product)? - ?Irrigation? - ?Plants (botany)? - ?Saline water? - ?Water? - ?Water resources
Uncontrolled terms: Brackish water? - ?Distribution characteristics? - ?Growth-related traits? - ?Irrigation methods? - ?Soil salinity? - ?Soil secondary salinizations? - ?Summer maize? - ?Yield
Classification code: 444 Water Resources
Water Resources
? - ?483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics
Soils and Soil Mechanics
? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods
Agricultural Methods
? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products
Agricultural Products
Numerical data indexing: Mass_Density 1.00e+00kg/m3, Mass_Density 3.00e+00kg/m3, Mass_Density 5.00e+00kg/m3, Percentage 1.35e+02%, Percentage 3.49e+01%, Percentage 3.69e+01%, Percentage 3.92e+01%, Percentage 5.15e+01%, Percentage 8.82e+01%, Percentage 8.92e+00%, Percentage 9.69e+01%, Size 0.00e+00m to 1.50e-01m, Size 1.50e-01m to 3.00e-01m, Size 3.00e-01m to 4.50e-01m
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.10.027
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
31. Spatial Simulation Method of Desertification Based on MAS-LCM Model
Accession number: 20180404673104
Authors: Ma, Huan (1); Yu, Qiang (1); Yue, Depeng (1); Zhang, Qibin (1); Huang, Yuan (1); Gao, Jingyu (2)
Author affiliation: (1) Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Beijing Mindleader Agroscience Co., Ltd., Beijing; 100085, China
Corresponding author: Yue, Depeng(yuedepeng@126.com)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 10
Issue date: October 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 134-141
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Dengkou County, a typical city in the arid area, was taken as study area, and the spatial distribution of desertification for every five years from 1995 to 2015 in the study area was obtained by Landsat TM images remote sensing interpretation. Spatial and temporal variation trend of desertification landscape was analyzed by using GIS spatial analysis and gravity center migration model. Based on the 2010 desertification classification data, the 2005-2010 desertification classification area transfer matrix table was used as Markov transfer matrix file. Using the Logistic CA-Markov model (LCM) and introducing the multi-agent system (MAS) model to correct the transfer rule, the desertification classification and its spatial distribution pattern were forecasted and compared to analyze the advantages and disadvantages of the two simulation methods. The results showed that the desertification area of Dengkou County had a significant reduction in severe desertification and very severe desertification over the past 20 years. Mild desertification landscape area and non-desertification area were gradually increased, of which non-desertification landscape reached 37.09% in 2015. Various types of desertification center of gravity left away from Dengkou County, showing a good momentum. The CA-Markov prediction model with MAS model can significantly improve the simulation accuracy of the model. The predicted Kappa coefficient reached 0.62, which was higher than that of CA-Markov model. It can better predict the distribution of desertification in arid areas, and provide technical support for the current and future desertification regulation and governance. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 24
Main heading: Climatology
Controlled terms: Arid regions? - ?Classification (of information)? - ?Markov processes? - ?Multi agent systems? - ?Remote sensing? - ?Spatial distribution? - ?Transfer matrix method
Uncontrolled terms: CA-Markov? - ?Desertification? - ?Remote sensing interpretation? - ?Simulation? - ?Simulation accuracy? - ?Spatial and temporal variation? - ?Spatial distribution patterns? - ?Spatial simulation
Classification code: 443 Meteorology
Meteorology
? - ?716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing
Information Theory and Signal Processing
? - ?921 Mathematics
Mathematics
? - ?922.1 Probability Theory
Probability Theory
Numerical data indexing: Age 2.00e+01yr, Percentage 3.71e+01%
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.10.016
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
32. Rapid Determination of Total Iron and Ferrous Ion in Wine by Modified Ferrozine Assay
Accession number: 20180404673131
Authors: Guo, Anque (1); Zhang, Xingxing (1); Zhang, Yulin (1); Dong, Xin (1); Chen, Liwei (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 10
Issue date: October 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 338-344
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: More and more recent literatures have shown that iron and copper, especially iron plays critical roles in the initiation and propagation of wine oxidation, which seems to depend not only on the total concentration of iron, but also more on the speciation of iron in wine. A rapid method for directly accurate determination of total iron and ferrous ion (Fe2+) in wine was developed by optimizing the ferrozine-based assay for total iron detection, and the effects of ferric ion (Fe3+) and ferrozine levels on the quantification of Fe2+under wine conditions were also investigated. The results showed that the modified ferrozine assay was established for the direct determination of total iron in wine, the standard curve exhibited a good linear relationship between absorbance and iron concentration from 0.25 mg/L to 2.00 mg/L (R2=0.997 9) and the method detection limit was 0.011 5 mg/L, with the recovery rate of 94.31%~104.34%. Moreover, the total iron concentration determined by the modified ferrozine assay was in good accordance with that measured by the atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) in different wine samples. However, the presence of Fe3+seriously interfered with the accurate measurement of Fe2+in wine, and the optimized molar ratio of ferrozine to total iron was 7, with fitting accuracy ranging from 101.98% to 113.50% for Fe2+determination. The assay was applied to some commercial bottled wines, and it was confirmed that Fe2+was the dominant iron in wine, although the percentage of Fe2+in red wines was much higher than that in white ones. In brief, the modified ferrozine assay was simple, accurate and reliable to determine total iron and Fe2+in wine rapidly, and it can be widely used in the wine industry in future. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 28
Main heading: Iron
Controlled terms: Absorption spectroscopy? - ?Atomic absorption spectrometry? - ?Ions? - ?Metal recovery? - ?Wine
Uncontrolled terms: Accurate measurement? - ?Atomic absorption spectroscopy? - ?Ferrous ion? - ?Ferrozine? - ?Initiation and propagation? - ?Method detection limits? - ?Rapid determination? - ?Total irons
Classification code: 545.1 Iron
Iron
? - ?741.3 Optical Devices and Systems
Optical Devices and Systems
? - ?822.3 Food Products
Food Products
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.02e+02% to 1.14e+02%
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.10.043
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
33. Experiment and Improved Simulation on Heat Transfer for Cylindrical Biomass and Quartz Sand
Accession number: 20180404673122
Authors: Guo, Feihong (1, 2); Wang, Zeyu (1, 2); Zhong, Zhaoping (1, 2)
Author affiliation: (1) School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing; 210096, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control, Ministry of Education, Nanjing; 210096, China
Corresponding author: Zhong, Zhaoping(zzhong@seu.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 10
Issue date: October 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 272-279
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: From the two aspects of experiment and simulation, virtual spherical method was used to improve the numerical simulation of the traditional computational fluid dynamics coupling discrete element method (CFD-DEM). The cylindrical particle was regarded as aggregation of small virtual ball, and particle volume factor concept was also introduced to amend the gas-solid force. The gas force acting on the cylindrical particle was calculated through the calculation between gas phase and virtual sphere. The experimental system of flow and heat transfer was established, and the simulation and comparative analysis were also carried out. The mixing index (MI) of the special binary particles was followed by three stages: rapid increase, slow increase and stable phase. With the increase of superficial gas velocity, the mixing index of particles was increased, and the higher gas velocity was favorable for the mixing of the cylindrical biomass and quartz sand. In the experiment of heat transfer, the temperature of cylindrical biomass particles was generally higher than that of quartz sand. When the superficial gas velocity was small, the fluidization of particles was restricted, and the average temperature difference at different heights of fluidized bed was larger. At large gas velocity, the average temperature difference was not obvious. The fictitious element method was employed to solve the incompatibility of the traditional DEM-CFD model. Compared with the infrared thermal images and the simulation results, they were very close and the improved DEM-CFD method can simulate the flow and heat transfer of cylindrical biomass and quartz sand. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 19
Main heading: Heat transfer
Controlled terms: Biomass? - ?Computational fluid dynamics? - ?Experiments? - ?Fluidization? - ?Fluidized beds? - ?Gases? - ?Image enhancement? - ?Mixing? - ?Numerical methods? - ?Quartz ? - ?Sand? - ?Velocity
Uncontrolled terms: Comparative analysis? - ?Cylindrical particles? - ?Flow and heat transfer? - ?Infrared thermal image? - ?Quartz sand? - ?Simulation? - ?Superficial gas velocities? - ?Temperature differences
Classification code: 482.2 Minerals
Minerals
? - ?483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics
Soils and Soil Mechanics
? - ?641.2 Heat Transfer
Heat Transfer
? - ?723.5 Computer Applications
Computer Applications
? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations
Chemical Operations
? - ?901.3 Engineering Research
Engineering Research
? - ?921.6 Numerical Methods
Numerical Methods
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.10.034
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
34. Vertical Distribution of Spray Droplet Deposition of Plant Protection Multi Rotor UAV for Japonica Rice
Accession number: 20180404673100
Authors: Xu, Tongyu (1, 2); Yu, Fenghua (1); Cao, Yingli (1, 2); Du, Wen (1); Ma, Mingyang (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Information and Electrical Engineering, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang; 110866, China; (2) Liaoning Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Shenyang; 110866, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 10
Issue date: October 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 101-107
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: In order to study the vertical distribution of spray droplet deposition of plant protection multi rotor UAV in low altitude spraying operation process, droplet test card were placed in rice canopy leaves, middle leaves and bottom leaves to collect protection UAV spray droplet. Water was used instead of pesticide in spraying process simulation, and iDAS analysis software was used to analyze the droplet deposition on the test card and the distribution of spray droplet deposition at different positions. The results showed that the spray droplet coverage rate of low altitude UAV in vertical direction was significantly different, the droplet coverage effect in the effective range and below rotor was the best, and the droplet coverage effect away from the rotor was poor. From different positions of rice canopy, overall droplet coverage rate in canopy was 54.86%, in middle canopy was 32.69%, and in bottom canopy was 24.7%. The particle size distribution in the vertical position of rice was in the range of 110~140 μm, and the particle size was suitable for the prevention and control of plant diseases and insect pests. The density of the canopy was the highest, while the density distribution of the middle part and the bottom of rice was similar. The central rice droplet diffusion ratio (0.465) was better than those of the canopy (0.38) and bottom (0.31), the overall spray width and relative numerical diffusion of particle spectrum were lower than the normal value (0.67). ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 21
Main heading: Drops
Controlled terms: Computer software? - ?Deposition? - ?Disease control? - ?Particle size? - ?Particle size analysis? - ?Pesticides? - ?Plants (botany)? - ?Software testing? - ?Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)
Uncontrolled terms: Density distributions? - ?Japonica rice? - ?Numerical diffusion? - ?Plant diseases and insect pests? - ?Plant protection? - ?Prevention and controls? - ?Vertical distributions? - ?Vertical positions
Classification code: 652.1 Aircraft, General
Aircraft, General
? - ?723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications
Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications
? - ?723.5 Computer Applications
Computer Applications
? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations
Chemical Operations
? - ?803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals
Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals
? - ?951 Materials Science
Materials Science
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 2.47e+01%, Percentage 3.27e+01%, Percentage 5.49e+01%, Size 1.10e-04m to 1.40e-04m
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.10.012
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
35. Spatial-temporal Distribution and Trend of Rainfall Erosivity in Yunnan Province
Accession number: 20180404673114
Authors: Chen, Zhengfa (1, 2); Shi, Dongmei (1); He, Wei (2); Xia, Jianrong (2); Jin, Huifang (1); Lou, Yibao (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing; 400715, China; (2) Kunming Engineering Corporation Limited, POWERCHINA, Kunming; 650051, China
Corresponding author: Shi, Dongmei(shidm_1970@126.com)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 10
Issue date: October 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 209-219
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Due to ecological changes and human activities, the ecological environment has become extremely fragile with the soil seriously eroded. Rainfall erosivity (R) is an important parameter for forecasting soil erosion by using the USLE/RUSLE. However, there were few studies focusing on the suitability of simple R calculation models for Yunnan Province. Using the daily rainfall data from 1951 to 2010 in Kunming, a suitable calculation model of R for Yunnan Province were selected according to suitability analysis on five models which were commonly used in the southern parts of China, and the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of rainfall and rainfall erosivity were also analyzed according to rainfall data collected by 36 meteorological stations distributed evenly in Yunnan Province. Through the suitability analysis, in the five kinds of rainfall erosivity calculation models, model B was the most suitable ones for Yunnan Province because of its better stability, the largest effective coefficient (Ef) and the smallest relative deviation (Er). Yunnan Province recorded an average annual rainfall of 1 106.84 mm, and the average annual rainfall of seven regions changed between 745.8 mm and 1 533.3 mm. The distribution of rainfall in different seasons was not uniform, and the rainfall was mainly concentrated in summer which accounted for 53.97% of annual rainfall. Rainfall was unevenly distributed in different regions, which showed a decreasing trend from southwest to northeast in Yunnan Province. The average annual rainfall erosivity of Yunnan Province was 2 719.31 MJ·mm/(hm2·h), and the average annual rainfall erosivity of seven regions ranged between 1 837.23 MJ·mm/(hm2·h) and 3 949.12 MJ·mm/(hm2·h). The seasonal distribution of rainfall erosivity was uneven. Rainfall erosivity was concentrated in summer which accounted for 67.06% of annual rainfall erosivity. There was also a significant difference in the spatial distribution of rainfall erosivity, and it also showed a decreasing trend from southwest to northeast. The trend index of rainfall erosivity varied from-0.34 to-0.02, which showed a decreasing tendency in nearly 60 years in different regions. This paper could provide some references for improving soil and water ecological environment and developing soil erosion models of Yunnan Province. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 27
Main heading: Rain
Controlled terms: Ecology? - ?Erosion? - ?Soils? - ?Spatial distribution
Uncontrolled terms: Ecological environments? - ?Meteorological station? - ?Rainfall erosivity? - ?Seasonal distributions? - ?Soil erosion? - ?Spatial-temporal distribution? - ?Temporal and spatial distribution? - ?Yunnan
Classification code: 443.3 Precipitation
Precipitation
? - ?454.3 Ecology and Ecosystems
Ecology and Ecosystems
? - ?483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics
Soils and Soil Mechanics
? - ?921 Mathematics
Mathematics
Numerical data indexing: Age 6.00e+01yr, Percentage 5.40e+01%, Percentage 6.71e+01%, Size 1.07e-01m, Size 5.33e-01m
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.10.026
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
36. Research Progress on Synergy Technologies of Carbon-based Fertilizer and Its Application
Accession number: 20180404673089
Authors: Li, Yanmei (1); Zhang, Xingchang (2); Liao, Shangqiang (1); Yang, Jungang (1); Zhang, Lin (1); Sun, Yanxin (1)
Author affiliation: (1) Institute of Plant Nutrition and Resource, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing; 100097, China; (2) Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China
Corresponding author: Sun, Yanxin(Sunyanxin@sohu.com)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 10
Issue date: October 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 1-14
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: The carbon-based fertilizer, a new type of slow-release fertilizer made from compounding process of traditional fertilizer and biochar carrier, has been widely recognized in role of improving crop production and preventing non-point source pollution. Based on comprehensive analysis of author’s research experience and the literature summary in past few years, the research background and application significance of the fertilizer as well as its potential synergistic mechanisms were successively expounded. The mechanisms included: withholding and slow-releasing mineral nutrients; improving soil physical structure and chemical property, and regulating soil moisture, nutrient, vapor, and heat condition for root growth; improving microenvironment for soil microbial growth; and providing mineral nutrients and bio-stimulating substances for plants. Furthermore, the application values of the fertilizer were summarized from three aspects: improving crop’s yield and quality, enhancing the fertilizer use efficiency and help reducing fertilizer inputs, and preventing and controlling environmental pollution. Additionally, recent advances in the fertilizer’s research and development process were also summarized from four aspects: preparation process (changing feedstock of biochar carrier, and biochar-traditional fertilizer mixing method); forming process (determination of shape, screening of adhesives and extenders); formulation process (adjusting traditional fertilizer’s composition, and blending ratio of biochar, water and adhesives); and modification process (adding different proportions of kaolin, bentonite, coal humic acid and their binary or ternary complex). According to the existing problems and technical needs, it can be concluded that the main directions in this research field in the near future would be to enhance the research and development of new products and their applied basic research; strengthen the research into their agricultural soil and water effects, economics, environmental impacts, and comprehensive evaluation index system at large-scale application; and speed up application technology popularization. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 104
Main heading: Fertilizers
Controlled terms: Adhesives? - ?Blending? - ?Crops? - ?Cultivation? - ?Economic and social effects? - ?Environmental impact? - ?Environmental technology? - ?Nutrients? - ?Pollution? - ?Pollution control ? - ?Quality control? - ?Soil moisture? - ?Soil pollution control? - ?Soils? - ?Water pollution control
Uncontrolled terms: Application technologies? - ?Carbon reduction? - ?Carbon-based? - ?Comprehensive evaluation index system? - ?Environmental pollutions? - ?Non-point source pollution? - ?Research and development? - ?Synergist
Classification code: 453.2 Water Pollution Control
Water Pollution Control
? - ?454 Environmental Engineering
Environmental Engineering
? - ?454.2 Environmental Impact and Protection
Environmental Impact and Protection
? - ?483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics
Soils and Soil Mechanics
? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations
Chemical Operations
? - ?804 Chemical Products Generally
Chemical Products Generally
? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods
Agricultural Methods
? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products
Agricultural Products
? - ?913.3 Quality Assurance and Control
Quality Assurance and Control
? - ?971 Social Sciences
Social Sciences
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.10.001
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
37. Analysis of DEM Resolution on Erosional Terrain Characteristics of Terrace Area
Accession number: 20180404673109
Authors: Zhang, Hongming (1); Yang, Qinke (2); Wang, Meng (1); Yang, Jiangtao (3); Wang, Meili (1); Jin, Bei (4)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Information Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China; (2) College of Urban and Environmental Science, Northwest University, Xi’an; 710069, China; (3) College of Water Resource and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China; (4) College of Ecomomics Management, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China
Corresponding author: Yang, Qinke(qkyang@nwu.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 10
Issue date: October 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 172-179
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Terrain is a main environmental factor which affects the surface hydrology and soil erosion. Slope steepness, slope length and LS factor are important parameters in soil erosion model. As a water conservation measure, terraced field changes the surface morphology and affects slope steepness, slope length and LS factor. Terrain features of the terraced area based on low resolution DEM are fuzzy and difficult to be reasonably estimated due to the lacking of high precision. High resolution DEM, which was accessed by UAV aerial photogrammetry technology, was used to analyze slope steepness, slope length and LS factor under different resolutions. Meanwhile, the changes of these parameters were calculated and analyzed in a none terraced area with the same resolution changes as comparison. The result showed that the DEMs which were accessed by UAV can express the terrace terrain features in details. Distribution of terraced terrain factors coincided with topographic features. These features showed high values distributed in the ridge area and small values distributed in terrace surface. With the decrease of DEM resolutions, the slope steepness of none terraced areas was decreased while the slope length was increased, and LS value was increased firstly and then decreased because of the fast decrease of the slope steepness, but the variation range was relatively small. For terraced areas, the portion of both small and large part of the slope steepness was decreased, average slope steepness was also decreased. Slope length had a clear increasing trend, so as the LS factor. Under the resolution of 20 m, LS factor was overestimated for about 33%. Terracing is usually considered as a project factor in soil erosion models of soil and water conservation measures. Due to the large influence of resolution on LS factors, the estimation of erosion in terraced field needs to consider the effect of resolution changes. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 30
Main heading: Water conservation
Controlled terms: Erosion? - ?Landforms? - ?Photogrammetry? - ?Soil conservation? - ?Soils? - ?Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)
Uncontrolled terms: Chinese soil loss equations? - ?Environmental factors? - ?Soil and water conservation measures? - ?Soil erosion? - ?Soil erosion modeling? - ?Terrace? - ?Terrain characteristics? - ?Topographic factor
Classification code: 405.3 Surveying
Surveying
? - ?444 Water Resources
Water Resources
? - ?481.1 Geology
Geology
? - ?483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics
Soils and Soil Mechanics
? - ?652.1 Aircraft, General
Aircraft, General
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 3.30e+01%, Size 2.00e+01m
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.10.021
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
38. Radar Wave Detection of Standing Trees Internal Defect
Accession number: 20180404673110
Authors: Wen, Jian (1); Li, Weilin (1); Xiao, Zhongliang (1); Zhang, Jing (2); Han, Hongyan (2)
Author affiliation: (1) School of Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) The Summer Palace Management Office, Beijing; 100091, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 10
Issue date: October 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 180-188
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Nondestructive detection for standing tree trunk is more difficult than that for other materials because of characteristics of radar wave imaging of standing tree trunk itself. According to the characteristics like complex internal structure and wide individual differences among different tree species, a method of absolute position characterization of internal defects was proposed. This amplitude ratio was used to estimate relative dielectric constant, and the Hilbert method was used for horizon tracking to realize the relative localization of defect interfaces. Then, the relative position was combined with the contour cloud data of standing tree trunk. The absolute coordinate of the internal structure of trunk was located and wood faultage image was reestablished at last. The internal structure analysis software was designed based on radar wave. For verifying the feasibility of the method, three experiments were performed: numerical simulations using the software GPRMax2D, based on finite-difference time-domain method, laboratory log measurements and real tree trunk measurements. The result showed that this method can locate the target point accurately. Its image resolution can show the internal defects such as holes and rots, and the results coincided with the actual structure of standing tree trunks during the restoration in the Summer Palace. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 24
Main heading: Time domain analysis
Controlled terms: Defects? - ?Finite difference time domain method? - ?Forestry? - ?Image resolution? - ?Numerical methods? - ?Radar? - ?Radar imaging? - ?Signal detection? - ?Tracking radar
Uncontrolled terms: Absolute coordinate? - ?Individual Differences? - ?Nondestructive detection? - ?Radar waves? - ?Relative dielectric constant? - ?Relative localization? - ?Relative positions? - ?Standing tree
Classification code: 716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing
Information Theory and Signal Processing
? - ?716.2 Radar Systems and Equipment
Radar Systems and Equipment
? - ?921 Mathematics
Mathematics
? - ?921.6 Numerical Methods
Numerical Methods
? - ?951 Materials Science
Materials Science
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.10.022
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
39. Intelligent Monitoring System Based on Distributed Object for Layer House
Accession number: 20180404673125
Authors: Meng, Chaoying (1); Wang, Jia (1); Chen, Hongqian (2, 3); Li, Hui (1); Zhang, Xuebin (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Network Center, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (3) College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 10
Issue date: October 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 292-299
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: In view of the present situation that the development of the layer breeding industry from scattered to intensive and large-scale, the traditional breeding methods cannot meet the requirements of the development. In order to real-time monitor and early warn the egg production environment and the production process of laying hens under the conditions of non-human interference, as well as the protection of animal welfare, 3Tiers, the networking software architecture based on distributed objects that can be called remotely, combining the sensor technology and cloud technology, was used to develop layer house real-time monitoring system. 3Tiers networking software architecture took integration of large amounts of heterogeneous data, the demand of monitoring sensors and remote interactive performance with sensors into consideration, which totally met the requirements of scaling farming. The system realized scaling layer house real-time production environment parameters acquisition and real-time video monitoring, production management, production process management, basic information management, statistical management, early warning management, system management and push management functions. Considering the thermal environment had an important impact on the health and welfare of laying hens and production performance. A large number of environmental data in the system was used to evaluate the microclimate environmental comfort in China Agricultural University Shangzhuang Station. Then egg production rate, death rate and feed consumption of a henhouse in Huangshan were used to verify the evaluation of the environmental comfort. The results showed that during the 24 h cycle and the whole period from November 2016 to April 2017, the value of the microclimate environment in the layer house of Shangzhuang Station was less than 70, which meant that the group of laying hens was always in the comfort zone. With the environmental data and production data analysis of a henhouse from July to October of 2016, it verified that when laying hens were in comfort zone, laying rate was increased, the death rate was decreased, and the feed consumption was more close to the standard. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 18
Main heading: Information management
Controlled terms: Houses? - ?Internet of things? - ?Monitoring? - ?Population statistics? - ?Software architecture
Uncontrolled terms: Distributed objects? - ?Environmental comfort? - ?Intelligent monitoring systems? - ?Laying hens? - ?Production data analysis? - ?Real time monitoring? - ?Real time monitoring system? - ?Real-time video monitoring
Classification code: 402.3 Residences
Residences
? - ?723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications
Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications
Numerical data indexing: Time 8.64e+04s
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.10.037
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
40. Error Compensation Model of CNC Machine-tool Based on Tensor Theory
Accession number: 20180404672974
Authors: Chu, Ning (1); Zhang, Weimin (1, 2)
Author affiliation: (1) School of Mechanical Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai; 201804, China; (2) Chinese German School for Postgraduate Studies, Tongji University, Shanghai; 201804, China
Corresponding author: Zhang, Weimin(iamt@tongji.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 10
Issue date: October 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 408-416
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: In order to improve the geometric accuracy of high-end CNC machine tools, a machine tool error compensation model based on tensor theory was proposed. Firstly, the error tensor model was established by setting the basic order, the extended order and the error order, which was applicable for error compensation table. Secondly, the error compensation was carried out in three processes, which were setting machine tool information, establishing tensor model and setting detection parameter. Referring to the ISO 230-2 standard, the modeling flow and detection parameters of the error tensor model were presented. Using multiple regression analysis, the linear fitting and residual errors were 2.5 μm, while the four polynomial fit residuals were 1 μm. Finally, taking CNC turn-milling machine experiment as an example, the error tensor model by step-diagonal measurement was proposed. The analysis of experimental data showed that the pitch error by three order fitting can improve the fitting precision by 59.4%~92.5%, the sum of squared residuals was less than 0.000 03; the straightness error needed five order fitting for nonlinear characteristics. The ballbar experiment of roundness error showed that roundness error was increased by 12.2%~27.7%, while only compensated the pitch error. For example, the compensation using error tensor model can be reduced by 22.3% of roundness error at XY plane by three order fitting, which was optimized by 26.4%~95.5% compared with that of the linear interpolation. The experiment showed that the error compensation should be paid more attention to the straightness error. The method of error tensor model can effectively improve the accuracy of machine tools for both pitch error and straightness error. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 27
Main heading: Error compensation
Controlled terms: Computer control systems? - ?Error detection? - ?Errors? - ?Machine tools? - ?Machinery? - ?Milling (machining)? - ?Milling cutters? - ?Milling machines? - ?Numerical control systems? - ?Regression analysis ? - ?Tensors
Uncontrolled terms: Compensation modeling? - ?Diagonal measurement? - ?Linear Interpolation? - ?Machine tool errors? - ?Multiple regression analysis? - ?Nonlinear characteristics? - ?Straightness errors? - ?Turn milling
Classification code: 603.1 Machine Tools, General
Machine Tools, General
? - ?604.2 Machining Operations
Machining Operations
? - ?731.1 Control Systems
Control Systems
? - ?921.1 Algebra
Algebra
? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics
Mathematical Statistics
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 2.23e+01%, Size 1.00e-06m, Size 2.50e-06m
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.10.052
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
41. Path Extraction Method of Vision-guided AGV under Complex Illumination Conditions
Accession number: 20180404673090
Authors: Wu, Xing (1); Zhang, Ying (1); Li, Linhui (1); Lou, Peihuang (1); He, Zhen (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing; 210016, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 10
Issue date: October 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 15-24
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: An adaptive image illumination partitioning and threshold segmentation approach based on a model of illumination and color was proposed for path extraction in the field of view for a vision-guided AGV under complex illumination conditions. Firstly, the relation between light illumination and image brightness was analyzed, and the correlation model of illumination and color was built by measuring color distribution with respect to different illuminations in images under complex illumination conditions. Secondly, the image of a guide path was partitioned into different illumination regions according to the model of illumination and color. Then the image of low-illumination region was enhanced in the space of RGB color to retrieve the color information of the guide path, and the image of high-illumination region was processed by differentiating chrominance components of Cband Crto suppress the common-mode luminance interference. Finally, an adaptive threshold segmentation method was performed for different illumination regions. A large number of experimental results showed that this path extraction approach had high adaptability to complex illumination when recognizing the guide path in the vision field with both high-reflective and dark-shadow regions caused by the environment illumination, and it achieved the recognition accuracy of 98% owing to decreasing the errors of under-segmentation and over-segmentation in high-reflective and dark-shadow regions significantly. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 20
Main heading: Color image processing
Controlled terms: Color? - ?Extraction? - ?Image enhancement? - ?Image processing? - ?Image segmentation? - ?Luminance? - ?Transportation
Uncontrolled terms: Adaptive threshold segmentation? - ?Color modeling? - ?Correlation modeling? - ?Environment illumination? - ?Illumination conditions? - ?Recognition accuracy? - ?Threshold segmentation? - ?Vision guidance
Classification code: 741.1 Light/Optics
Light/Optics
? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations
Chemical Operations
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 9.80e+01%
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.10.002
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
42. Configuration Design and Analysis of Novel Icosahedron Mechanism
Accession number: 20180404673136
Authors: Liu, Jingfang (1, 2); Cao, Yake (1, 2); Ding, Huafeng (1, 2)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical Engineering and Applied Electronics Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing; 100124, China; (2) Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing; 100124, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 10
Issue date: October 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 370-379
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: It has remained a great challenge to develop coupled mechanisms in kinematics. Polyhedrons with various appearance and symmetric configuration attract more and more attentions and provide possible basic modes for the design of coupled mechanisms. Based on the symmetry and duality of the regular dodecahedron, a movable icosahedron mechanism with single mobility was designed, where the coupling nodes were composed of triangles, quadrilaterals and pentagons. Firstly, in order to design the coupling nodes with triangles, quadrilaterals and pentagons, each vertex was added to the ten faces of the icosahedron and the node variety was increased by adding types of vertexes. The common edge of the original regular pentagon was replaced by four edges. Four edges made up a quadrilateral. The common edge of the original regular pentagon became a diagonal of the quadrilateral. Then four kinds of replacement components were designed according to the connection of each component, and the replacement components sequentially were connected by rotational joints to construct a basic model of the coupled mechanism. Secondly, mobility of the mechanism model was calculated by the shunting method based on screw theory. The coupled mechanism was divided into five identical branches according to the shunting tags. As long as the constraints of one branch were determined based on screw theory, the constraints of all branches to the moving platform was obtained. Then mobility of the coupled mechanism was obtained, which showed the coupled mechanism had a translational freedom. Finally, active input selection was analyzed and the three-dimensional model of the coupled mechanism was established. Two opposite driving conditions were set up in the simulation, and position curves of the moving platform and the node components were got by Matlab. The simulation results were consistent with theoretical results. It further showed that the proposed mechanism had the characteristics of stretching motion. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 16
Main heading: MATLAB
Controlled terms: Motion analysis? - ?Screws
Uncontrolled terms: Configuration designs? - ?Coupled mechanisms? - ?Driving conditions? - ?Freedom? - ?Icosahedron? - ?Replacement components? - ?Three-dimensional model? - ?Translational freedom
Classification code: 605 Small Tools and Hardware
Small Tools and Hardware
? - ?723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing
Data Processing and Image Processing
? - ?921 Mathematics
Mathematics
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.10.048
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
43. Optimization of ELM Classification Model for Remote Sensing Image Based on Artificial Fish-swarm Algorithm
Accession number: 20180404673107
Authors: Lin, Yi (1); Ji, Haowei (1); Nico, Sneeuw (2); Ye, Qin (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Surveying and Geo-Informatics, Tongji University, Shanghai; 200092, China; (2) School of Aerospace and Geodesy, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart; 70173-70619, Germany
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 10
Issue date: October 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 156-164
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: As a new means of earth resource survey, land use change and coverage (LUCC) and ecological environment monitoring, remote sensing technology has a great advantage. The automatic classification for remote sensing image is the key technology to extract rich ground-object information and monitor the dynamic change of LUCC. Machine learning can flexibly build a model portrayed by parameters, and automatically extract information, which has been widely used in image classification because of its good robustness and convergence, and easy to be combined with other methods. Based on the study of traditional extreme learning machine (ELM) theory, the optimal selection of kernel function parameters and regularizing parameters were performed by using artificial fish swarm algorithm (AF) and the optimal ELM image classification model (AF-ELM) was constructed. The classification model used AF to optimize the wavelet kernel parameters and regularizing parameters of ELM to improve the classification accuracy. After that the classification for multi-spectral remote sensing image was implemented by using the parameter-optimized ELM classifier, meanwhile, compared with some standard classifier such as artificial neural networks(ANM), support vector machine (SVM) and extreme learning machine (ELM), and it was comparatively analyzed with the ELM polynomial kernel and RBF kernel classification algorithm. The experiments proved that optimal AF-ELM classifier was more faster and accurate, which was superior to those before-mentioned classifiers. It can be used for the automatic extraction of various elements from remote sensing image. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 20
Main heading: Image classification
Controlled terms: Classification (of information)? - ?Image processing? - ?Knowledge acquisition? - ?Land use? - ?Learning algorithms? - ?Learning systems? - ?Neural networks? - ?Optimization? - ?Parameter estimation? - ?Remote sensing ? - ?Support vector machines? - ?Swarm intelligence
Uncontrolled terms: Artificial fish swarm algorithms? - ?Automatic classification? - ?Extreme learning machine? - ?Fish-swarm algorithms? - ?Kernel function parameters? - ?Remote sensing images? - ?Remote sensing technology? - ?Wavelet kernel functions
Classification code: 403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development
Urban and Regional Planning and Development
? - ?716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing
Information Theory and Signal Processing
? - ?723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications
Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications
? - ?723.4 Artificial Intelligence
Artificial Intelligence
? - ?921.5 Optimization Techniques
Optimization Techniques
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.10.019
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
44. Predictive Control Method of Autonomous Vehicle Based on Tracking-error Model
Accession number: 20180404673133
Authors: Li, Peixin (1); Jiang, Xiaoyan (2); Wei, Yanding (1); Zhou, Xiaojun (1)
Author affiliation: (1) Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou; 310027, China; (2) The First Institute of China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation, Beijing; 100076, China
Corresponding author: Wei, Yanding(weiyd@zju.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 10
Issue date: October 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 351-357
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: For the trajectory tracking problem of autonomous vehicle, on the basis of analysis of kinematic model of vehicle, a model based predictive control method for autonomous vehicle trajectory tracking was designed. Firstly, a linear error model of vehicle kinematics was obtained by using a successive linearization approach, and it was used to predict the future behavior of the vehicle. Secondly, based on this model, it was possible to get a sequence of optimal control by using the linear MPC method and minimizing the objective function, and the first element of this sequence was applied to the system. Lastly, three typical test trajectories (lane change course, figure eight course and road course) were designed and the tracking controller was tested in the virtual simulation platform. The platform was set up on real-time multi-body dynamics software Vortex and visual rendering software Vega Prime. In order to meet the real-time requirements of the platform, two computers were used for dynamic resolving and visual rendering respectively, and the high level architecture (HLA) was adopted to realize the synchronization and data interaction between Vortex and Vega Prime. Simulation results showed that this controller can track the reference trajectory quickly and stably, the distance error and heading error were in a reasonable range. The refresh rate of Vortex and Vega Prime was stabilized at about 30 Hz, the error was within ±0.05 Hz, indicating that the controller can meet the real-time requirements of the system. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 17
Main heading: Controllers
Controlled terms: Error detection? - ?Errors? - ?Kinematics? - ?Model predictive control? - ?Predictive control systems? - ?Trajectories? - ?Vehicles? - ?Vortex flow
Uncontrolled terms: Autonomous Vehicles? - ?High level architecture? - ?Model based predictive control? - ?Predictive control? - ?Predictive control methods? - ?Reference trajectories? - ?Tracking errors? - ?Trajectory tracking problems
Classification code: 631.1 Fluid Flow, General
Fluid Flow, General
? - ?731.1 Control Systems
Control Systems
? - ?732.1 Control Equipment
Control Equipment
? - ?931.1 Mechanics
Mechanics
Numerical data indexing: Frequency 3.00e+01Hz
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.10.045
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
45. Experiment on Cavitation Performance of Axial Pump with Adjustable Inlet Guide Vanes
Accession number: 20180404673102
Authors: Guo, Zhiwei (1); Pan, Jingye (1); Qian, Zhongdong (1); Cheng, Qian (2)
Author affiliation: (1) State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan; 430072, China; (2) Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang; 453003, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 10
Issue date: October 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 115-120 and 188
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: In order to reveal the influences of variable inlet guide vanes (IGVs) on cavitation performance of axial pump under off-design conditions, experiment was conducted in a closed test rig at the Pump Station Laboratory of Wuhan University. Both the operating conditions with and without IGVs and the situations when the angles of IGVs were changed were researched. The angles of IGVs were adjusted by bolts. The cavitation performances were obtained and the unsteady pressure pulsations collected by pressure sensors which installed in pump inlet and outlet were analyzed based on fast Fourier transform. The results showed that when the pump device was assembled with IGVs, pump head was reduced due to more energy losses were induced. However, the cavitation performance was improved. At the same time, the critical net positive suction head was decreased and the cavitation performance was enhanced as the angles of IGVs were adjusted from negative to positive values. The pressure pulsation results showed that when cavitation occurred, pressure amplitude was magnified both in pump inlet and outlet when IGVs were set up, and the pressure peak appeared mainly in blade frequency and its harmonic frequencies as a result of the influence of rotating of impeller. With the development of cavitation, pressure pulsation aggregated in low frequency in inlet and appeared broadband feature in outlet. When mass flow rate was decreased, the pressure amplitude discrepancy shrank and the pressure peak depended on the angles of IGVs. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 20
Main heading: Cavitation
Controlled terms: Energy dissipation? - ?Fast Fourier transforms? - ?Wakes
Uncontrolled terms: Axial pumps? - ?Cavitation performance? - ?Inlet guide vane? - ?Net positive suction heads? - ?Off design condition? - ?Operating condition? - ?Pressure amplitudes? - ?Pressure pulsation
Classification code: 525.4 Energy Losses (industrial and residential)
Energy Losses (industrial and residential)
? - ?631.1 Fluid Flow, General
Fluid Flow, General
? - ?631.1.1 Liquid Dynamics
Liquid Dynamics
? - ?921.3 Mathematical Transformations
Mathematical Transformations
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.10.014
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
46. Continuous Knot-tying Test Method of Knotter and Knotter Fatigue Test Bench Design
Accession number: 20180404673098
Authors: Yin, Jianjun (1); Wang, Xinxin (1); Gao, Qiang (1)
Author affiliation: (1) Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology, Ministry of Education, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang; 212013, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 10
Issue date: October 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 84-91
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: In view of lack of continuous knot-tying performance test and fatigue test system of knotter in China, a kind of continuous knot-tying test method of knotter and design scheme of knotter fatigue test bench were proposed to simulate straw-bundling processes of square baler. By designing a rope-pulling device which can simulate springback characteristic of straw bale, the device moved on horizontal plane to pull rope according to rectangle path, and a rectangle rope ring was formed on vertical plane in cooperation with rope-sending motion of rope needle, and the tested knotter finished knot-tying. The test bench realized rope-pulling, rope-sending and knot-tying motion circularly, and tension force of the rope, torque and rotation angle of the main shaft can be measured at the same time. 3D model of mechanical system of the test bench was established under the software of Solidworks according to the proposed scheme, and type selection of its key parts was done. Parameters measurement and motion control system of the test bench was built up, and control flow of the test bench was designed on the basis of the logic among rope-pulling, rope-sending and knot-tying motion. Graphical programming language of LabVIEW was used to program the measurement and control program of the test bench. The running test results of knotter fatigue test bench showed that the mechanical system, measurement and control system of the test bench worked reliably, and continuous knot-tying efficiency of the test bench reached three knots per minute. The test bench may provide a test platform for knotter development and short-term fatigue life evaluation of knotter. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 21
Main heading: Software testing
Controlled terms: Computer graphics? - ?Control engineering? - ?Control systems? - ?Fatigue of materials? - ?Fatigue testing? - ?Mechanics? - ?Motion control? - ?Rope
Uncontrolled terms: Baler? - ?Fatigue life evaluation? - ?Fatigue test bench? - ?Graphical programming language? - ?Knotter? - ?Measurement and control? - ?Measurement and control systems? - ?Test benches
Classification code: 723.5 Computer Applications
Computer Applications
? - ?731.1 Control Systems
Control Systems
? - ?731.3 Specific Variables Control
Specific Variables Control
? - ?931.1 Mechanics
Mechanics
? - ?951 Materials Science
Materials Science
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.10.010
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
47. Spatial Distribution and Effect Factors of Soil Water Repellency in Guishui River Basin
Accession number: 20180404673117
Authors: Ren, Changjiang (1, 2); Zhao, Yong (1); Gong, Jiaguo (1); Wang, Jianhua (1); Li, Haihong (1); Gu, Jinpu (1)
Author affiliation: (1) Deperment of Water Resources, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing; 100038, China; (2) College of Water Conservancy and Ecological Engineering, Nanchang Institute of Engineering, Nanchang; 330099, China
Corresponding author: Zhao, Yong(zhaoyong@iwhr.com)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 10
Issue date: October 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 237-244
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: In order to research the distribution rule and influence factors of soil water repellency of rocky mountain area of northern China, the Guishui River Basin was taken as an example, the field investigation and lab analysis was carried out. Totally 385 soil samples of 9 different vegetation types were collected and the change rule between water drop penetration time (WDPT) with the factors of soil organic content, pH value, and mass fractal dimension and soil particle specific surface area was analyzed by the system. The research results showed that the order of soil water repellency degree was forest lands, shrubbery, open forest land, orchard, high coverage grassland, dryland, medium and low coverage grass land and beach land. The WDPT in northwest, northeast and southeast mountains of the basin was bigger, and in central basin was smaller in spatial distribution, meanwhile, the WDPT in soil surface was the most, intermediate was the second, and deep layers was the least in vertical direction. The WDPT had a positive correlation with the organic content, and it had an inverse correlation with pH value, mass fractal dimension and specific surface area. The pH value was the main influencing factor of WDPT for forest lands, shrubbery, orchard and high coverage grassland. The organic content was the major influence factor of WDPT for dryland, medium and low coverage grass land. For open forest land, the specific surface area was the principal influence factor of WDPT, and the mass fractal dimension was the major influence factor of WDPT for beach land. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 33
Main heading: Soil surveys
Controlled terms: Beaches? - ?Farms? - ?Forestry? - ?Fractal dimension? - ?Fractals? - ?Orchards? - ?pH? - ?Regression analysis? - ?Rivers? - ?Soil moisture ? - ?Soils? - ?Spatial distribution? - ?Specific surface area? - ?Water resources? - ?Watersheds
Uncontrolled terms: Field investigation? - ?Inverse correlation? - ?Mass fractal dimension? - ?Positive correlations? - ?River basins? - ?Soil organic content? - ?Soil water repellency? - ?Water drop penetration time
Classification code: 407.3 Coastal Engineering
Coastal Engineering
? - ?444 Water Resources
Water Resources
? - ?444.1 Surface Water
Surface Water
? - ?483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics
Soils and Soil Mechanics
? - ?801.1 Chemistry, General
Chemistry, General
? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods
Agricultural Methods
? - ?921 Mathematics
Mathematics
? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics
Mathematical Statistics
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.10.029
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
48. Flow Structure and Excitation Characteristics of Flow around Double Plate Cascades
Accession number: 20180404673101
Authors: Gao, Bo (1); Guo, Pengming (1); Yan, Longlong (1); Du, Wenqiang (1); Zhang, Ning (1)
Author affiliation: (1) School of Energy and Power Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang; 212013, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 10
Issue date: October 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 108-114
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Unsteady flow and vortex-wake structure of flow around a blade are the main factors inducing hydro-mechanical vibration. A pair of plate cascades arranged transversely was taken as the research object. The three-dimensional flow field was calculated based on the large-eddy simulations (LES) when the Reynolds number was 4.8×104, and the characteristics of vortex evolution structure, lift and drag coefficients and pressure pulsation were analyzed. The flow field structure and excitation mechanism of the flow around the plate under wake interference were discussed. Results showed that the hairpin vortex structure on the surface of the single plate is staggered and the wake shows a high degree of three-dimensional characteristics under this Reynolds number. The flow structure between the upstream and downstream plates under the cascade flow regime significantly restrained the evolution of vortex structure on upstream plate surface. The force of plate was continuously switched between the regime H and regime L, and the magnitude of lift fluctuation was increased with the increase of drag. The regime switching frequency of downstream plate force under the wake interference and the amplitude of the lift fluctuation were both increased. Analysis on the results of flow and force around plate under wake interference can provide reference for active control of hydro-mechanical blades wake interaction, which would facilitate the development of the design to control vibrations and noise. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 20
Main heading: Vibrations (mechanical)
Controlled terms: Computational fluid dynamics? - ?Drag? - ?Excited states? - ?Flow fields? - ?Flow of fluids? - ?Flow structure? - ?Large eddy simulation? - ?Plates (structural components)? - ?Reynolds number? - ?Vibration analysis ? - ?Vortex flow? - ?Wakes
Uncontrolled terms: Excitation characteristics? - ?Excitation mechanisms? - ?Flow field structure? - ?Lift and drag coefficients? - ?Pressure pulsation? - ?Three dimensional flow field? - ?Three-dimensional characteristics? - ?Wake interferences
Classification code: 408.2 Structural Members and Shapes
Structural Members and Shapes
? - ?631 Fluid Flow
Fluid Flow
? - ?631.1 Fluid Flow, General
Fluid Flow, General
? - ?921 Mathematics
Mathematics
? - ?931 Classical Physics; Quantum Theory; Relativity
Classical Physics; Quantum Theory; Relativity
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.10.013
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
49. Scale Model Experiment on Lateral Stability of Tractor Affected by Multi-factors
Accession number: 20180404673134
Authors: Zhang, Shuo (1); Li, Zhen (1); Zhu, Zhongxiang (1); Mao, Enrong (1); Mitsuoka, Muneshi (2); Inoue, Eiji (2)
Author affiliation: (1) Beijing Key Laboratory of Optimized Design for Modern Agricultural Equipment, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka; 8120025, Japan
Corresponding author: Zhu, Zhongxiang(zhuzhonxiang@cau.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 10
Issue date: October 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 358-363
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Along with the dramatically growing use of agricultural tractors, the associated vehicle lateral stability has been found to greatly affect operation efficiency and human safety. According to characteristics of the low speed driving condition of tractor on slope ground, a scaled experimental system for measuring the tire-ground reaction force was built. By applying the 3D printing technology, a scale-model-tractor attached with implement and the random terrain surfaces for the tractor to pass over was developed. Taking the uphill wheel load of the tractor as the main reference parameter, the lateral stability evaluation indexes for tractor’s front and rear wheels were proposed. The choice of tire type, ballast weight, front and rear track widths, and implement height were selected as the control factors, while introducing the terrain roughness in classes E and F as the noise factors. Employing the Taguchi design of experiment, factorial significances were investigated by the corresponding ANOVA analysis. The experimental results showed that tractor frontal ballast had the greatest impact on the front-wheel-based tractor lateral stability, while the rear track width predominantly determined the rear-wheel-based one. Furthermore, an optimal tractor configuration was given by taking into account the stability indexes for both front and rear wheels. The approach provided a reference for tractor stability optimization design and a theoretical basis for further tractor anti-rollover control. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 26
Main heading: Tractors (agricultural)
Controlled terms: 3D printers? - ?Biophysics? - ?Design of experiments? - ?Stability? - ?Stochastic models? - ?Stochastic systems? - ?Wheels
Uncontrolled terms: Lateral stability? - ?Optimal configuration? - ?Scale modeling? - ?Stochastic road? - ?Taguchi experimental design
Classification code: 461.9 Biology
Biology
? - ?601.2 Machine Components
Machine Components
? - ?663.1 Heavy Duty Motor Vehicles
Heavy Duty Motor Vehicles
? - ?745.1.1 Printing Equipment
Printing Equipment
? - ?901.3 Engineering Research
Engineering Research
? - ?922.1 Probability Theory
Probability Theory
? - ?961 Systems Science
Systems Science
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.10.046
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
50. Optimization of Soil Pore Quantitative Expression Based on Computed Tomography Scanning Technology
Accession number: 20180404673119
Authors: Zhao, Yue (1); Han, Qiaoling (1); Zhao, Yandong (1)
Author affiliation: (1) School of Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing; 100083, China
Corresponding author: Zhao, Yandong(yandongzh@bjfu.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 10
Issue date: October 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 252-259
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: In recent years, image processing software was wisely applied to identify and analyze pore structure. However, these softwares, such as Photoshop and Image J, did not take into account the complexity of the internal material in the soil and the irregularity of pore structure, and they caused low pore segmentation precision. In order to solve the problem, a pore quantitative method based on the characteristics of soil computed tomography (CT) image was proposed. This method mainly included image processing and quantification analysis. Firstly, the adaptive median filtering algorithm was adopted to remove the effect of image noise on the edge of pore. Then, the method of iterative optimal threshold and canny edge detection was used to identify the pore structure in the soil and the contour line of the pore. Secondly, soil pore structure had evident spatial characteristics, which included soil porosity, pore number, pore radius, spore size distribution, circularity, fractal dimension, and so on. These pore geometry indicators were calculated by using the mathematical statistics method, and they could reveal the complexity and irregularity of pore structure. These geometry indicators were useful for realizing the quantitative analysis of the soil porosity. Finally, the method was applied to the soil under freeze-thaw cycle. The results showed that the method can accurately locate the pore profile, and segment the pore structure effectively. Furthermore, the effect of freezing and thawing cycles on the soil structure was revealed by quantifying the geometrical parameters of various soil pores, thus it proved the effectiveness of the method and laied foundation for quantification of soil pore geometry and spatial characteristics. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 20
Main heading: Computerized tomography
Controlled terms: Adaptive filters? - ?Edge detection? - ?Fractal dimension? - ?Freezing? - ?Geometry? - ?Image analysis? - ?Image processing? - ?Image segmentation? - ?Iterative methods? - ?Median filters ? - ?Pore structure? - ?Porosity? - ?Soils? - ?Statistics? - ?Thawing? - ?Tomography
Uncontrolled terms: Adaptive median filtering? - ?Computed tomography images? - ?Freezing and thawing cycle? - ?Image processing technology? - ?Image-processing software? - ?Mathematical statistics methods? - ?Quantification analysis? - ?Quantitation of pore
Classification code: 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics
Soils and Soil Mechanics
? - ?703.2 Electric Filters
Electric Filters
? - ?723.5 Computer Applications
Computer Applications
? - ?746 Imaging Techniques
Imaging Techniques
? - ?921 Mathematics
Mathematics
? - ?921.6 Numerical Methods
Numerical Methods
? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics
Mathematical Statistics
? - ?931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids
Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.10.031
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
51. Simulation of Cultivated Land under RCPs Scenarios in Typical Basin of Sanjiang Plain
Accession number: 20180404673103
Authors: Zhou, Hao (1); Lei, Guoping (1); Yang, Xuexin (1); Wang, Tingting (1)
Author affiliation: (1) Land Management Institute, Northeastern University, Shenyang; 110169, China
Corresponding author: Lei, Guoping(guopinglei@126.com)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 10
Issue date: October 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 121-133
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Since the mid-20th century, the climatic tendency of warming and drying had been shown distinctly in the mid-latitude zone of the North Hemisphere. It was of a series of impacts on the water resources system, especially in the semi-arid regions. In 1990s, the agricultural structure of Naoli River Basin, which was located in the hinterland of Sanjiang Plain, had been greatly adjusted with large amount of dry land changed into paddy field with global climate change and intensive activities of human beings. The dynamic change of cultivated land was discussed by using the future land use simulation model to simulate the distribution of cultivated land. All the above analysis was done by using the remote sensing image data, the DEM data and socioeconomic statistics data as fundamental data resources. Results showed that the growth rate of cultivated land was decreased gradually from 1990 to 2014, and different time periods showed different changing characteristics. During the period from 1990 to 2002, the area of paddy field was increased dramatically, while that of the dry land was increased slightly, from 2002 to 2014, the growth rate of paddy field area showed significantly decreased characteristics and the total area of dry land was decreased in a certain degree. The spatial pattern showed that the dry land was moving along the northeast-southwest axis in 1990, 2002 and 2014. The spindle rotates in a clockwise direction, and showed stable spatial distribution characteristics. Although the distribution tended to be more discredited, the spatial distribution was decreasing. The paddy field was along the northeast-southwest axis, and from 1990 to 2002, the spindle rotates counterclockwise and the rotated clockwise to 45.31° in 2014, and the paddy field also showed the characteristics of discrete distribution, but the polarization characteristic tended to be weakened. By comparing different spatial resolution with simulated distribution of cultivated land by using the future land use simulation model. And the determined optimal resolution was 200 m and the optimal simulation time was 2038. The simulation results which was simulated by the MESSAGE mode showed that the dry land area would be decreased for the first stage and then increased for the second stage in the future, and the paddy field area would maintain the rising trend. The distribution of paddy fields would be more concentrated, and the main axis would rotate along the clockwise direction, the polarization characteristic was obvious, the paddy field gravity center displacement was not obvious. The AIM mode was also used to simulate the distribution of cultivated land, and results showed that the dry land was increased slowly, and the paddy field was decreased which maintained the trend of fluctuation, the influence of climate fluctuation on paddy field was significantly higher than that of dry land, and the dry land spatial pattern changed slowly, and the comprehensive polarization characteristics of paddy field were more prominent. These research results can be used as references and consultancies for the cultivated land management in the Naoli River Basin and Sanjiang Plain. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 38
Main heading: Spatial distribution
Controlled terms: Climate change? - ?Climate models? - ?Clocks? - ?Economics? - ?Land use? - ?Landforms? - ?Polarization? - ?Remote sensing? - ?Rivers? - ?Water resources ? - ?Watersheds
Uncontrolled terms: Cultivated lands? - ?Intergovernmental panel on climate changes? - ?RCPs scenarios? - ?River basins? - ?Simulation model
Classification code: 403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development
Urban and Regional Planning and Development
? - ?443 Meteorology
Meteorology
? - ?443.1 Atmospheric Properties
Atmospheric Properties
? - ?444 Water Resources
Water Resources
? - ?444.1 Surface Water
Surface Water
? - ?481.1 Geology
Geology
? - ?921 Mathematics
Mathematics
? - ?943.3 Special Purpose Instruments
Special Purpose Instruments
? - ?971 Social Sciences
Social Sciences
Numerical data indexing: Size 2.00e+02m
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.10.015
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
52. Optimization and Experiments of Cut-condition Device Working Parameter on Mower Conditioner
Accession number: 20180404673097
Authors: Wu, Bei (1); Wang, Decheng (1); Wang, Guanghui (1); Fu, Zuoli (1); Kang, Chenchen (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China
Corresponding author: Wang, Decheng(wdc@cau.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 10
Issue date: October 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 76-83
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: In order to lower the harvesting loss of alfalfa crop during the harvesting process, and optimize the working parameter of mower conditioner, the research of harvesting quality influenced by rolls and disks speed was conducted. A virtual prototype of machine and a mechanical model of plant were built by ADAMS software to simulate the process that alfalfa being cut, fed and conditioned. During the simulation at different rolls and disks speeds, average contact force between disks and plant, average contact force between rolls and plant, feeding time and conditioning time were recorded, and fitting equations reflected the relationship between them and working parameter of mower conditioner were built. According to the equations, a crush coefficient model was defined, which can reflect the degree to which the plants would be crushed by machine. As the crush coefficient model shown, when the disks speed ngwas 1 875 r/min and the conditioner roll speed nywas 749 r/min, the damage of plants caused by machine can be minimized. Field experiments were conducted by using different ratios between disks speed and rolls speed, and real damage rate was measured, the result verified the linear relationship between crush coefficient and real damage rate, in this case, the determination coefficient R2was 0.958 76. According to the field experiments and crush coefficient model, the lowest theoretical crush rate was 8.38%, which was 3.97 percentage points lower than the original crush rate, thus the fresh weight harvesting yield can be increased by about 0.47 t/hm2, which was 4.53% higher than before. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 11
Main heading: Lawn mowers
Controlled terms: Experiments? - ?Harvesting? - ?Rolls (machine components)? - ?Speed? - ?Virtual prototyping
Uncontrolled terms: Coefficient models? - ?Conditioning time? - ?Determination coefficients? - ?Linear relationships? - ?Mower conditioners? - ?Parameter optimization? - ?Percentage points? - ?Working parameters
Classification code: 601.2 Machine Components
Machine Components
? - ?723.5 Computer Applications
Computer Applications
? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods
Agricultural Methods
? - ?901.3 Engineering Research
Engineering Research
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 4.53e+00%, Percentage 8.38e+00%, Rotational_Speed 1.88e+03RPM, Rotational_Speed 7.49e+02RPM
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.10.009
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
53. Drying Characteristics and Mathematical Modeling of Organic Sludge
Accession number: 20180404673124
Authors: Yu, Zhenwei (1); Chen, Kunjie (1); Gao, Qi (2); Chen, Miao (1); Yu, Haiming (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing; 210031, China; (2) SPH Xing Ling Sci. & Tech. Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shanghai; 201703, China
Corresponding author: Yu, Haiming(yuhaiming@njau.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 10
Issue date: October 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 286-291
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: The purpose was to deal with organic sludge with high content and large volume effectively, and achieve to combine sludge drying with low temperature pyrolytic process. The current study focused on the effect of drying temperature and heating rate on rate of weight loss and moisture content as well as quality of sludge during drying process. The rate of drying and moisture content of sludge was also investigated at different temperatures. Furthermore, a mathematical model was developed for sludge drying. The experimental result showed that the drying characteristics of sludge had resemblance with the theoretical three stages of drying, and the rule of three stages was also obvious from different drying characteristic curves. It took very little time to warm up, and the constant speed state did not last long, while the most time was used during the final decelerating phase. With the increase of temperature, the faster the evaporation of the sludge was, the sooner the largest drying rate was, and the bigger the value was. Compared with the effect of experiment at 250, the effect of experimental at 240 was more ideal. The results showed that maximum drying rate and minimum drying time was observed for sludge at 240 drying temperature. The determination coefficient for the predictive and measured values of the quadratic model were 0.992 4, with a RMSE and RSS of 0.035 and 0.032, respectively. Quadratic model had better correlation coefficient to the sludge drying process. The needed time could be calculated approximately with the required water content that could be gotten through the model equation. This would be of some reference value for industrial production and research. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 19
Main heading: Drying
Controlled terms: Food technology? - ?Industrial research? - ?Moisture? - ?Moisture determination? - ?Temperature? - ?Thermogravimetric analysis
Uncontrolled terms: Correlation coefficient? - ?Determination coefficients? - ?Drying characteristics? - ?Drying temperature? - ?Industrial production? - ?Maximum drying rate? - ?Quadratic modeling? - ?Sludge
Classification code: 641.1 Thermodynamics
Thermodynamics
? - ?801 Chemistry
Chemistry
? - ?822 Food Technology
Food Technology
? - ?901.3 Engineering Research
Engineering Research
? - ?944.2 Moisture Measurements
Moisture Measurements
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.10.036
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
54. Path Tracking Control and Experiments for Wheeled Mobile Robots with Given Velocity Requirement
Accession number: 20180404673091
Authors: Gu, Wanli (1); Hu, Yunfeng (1, 2); Gong, Xun (3); Cai, Shuo (1); Chen, Hong (1, 2)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Control Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun; 130025, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, Jilin University, Changchun; 130025, China; (3) Department of Aerospace Engineering, Michigan University, Ann Arbor; MI; 48105, United States
Corresponding author: Hu, Yunfeng(huyf@jlu.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 10
Issue date: October 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 25-31 and 75
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: For the discontinuous path tracking problem of wheeled mobile robots with given velocity requirement, it was transformed into the trajectory planning and trajectory tracking problems. Firstly, for the given position and velocity requirements, quintic Bezier curve was used to parameterize the trajectory. Then the trajectory planning problem was transformed into the nonlinear optimization problem, for which the energy and interval times were selected as the optimization objective to optimize the parameterized trajectory. By solving the nonlinear optimization problems, a continuous and smooth trajectory was generated, which satisfied the given position and velocity requirements. Secondly, by exploiting the differential flatness properties of the wheeled mobile robots system, a feedforward controller was designed by using the differential-flatness approach. Thirdly, the kinematic model of the wheeled mobile robots was linearized at its equilibrium point of the feedforward control by using the first order Taylor expansion. Then, an linear time-varying error model was deduced. By defining a new error variable, a feedback controller was designed and the stability of closed loop error system was proved in the Lyapunov framework. Therefore, a two degree of freedom trajectory tracking controller was given. This method had the advantages of simple structure and clear engineering significance. In addition, the higher order terms of the Taylor series were considered as a bounded disturbance input, and the robustness of the system was discussed in the framework of input to state stability theory. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed trajectory planning and trajectory tracking methods was validated on the Pioneer 3-dx wheeled mobile robot experiment platform. It can be seen from the experimental results that the proposed methods can track the discontinuous path with the given velocity requirement precisely. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 21
Main heading: Mobile robots
Controlled terms: Controllers? - ?Degrees of freedom (mechanics)? - ?Errors? - ?Feedforward control? - ?Interpolation? - ?Kinematics? - ?Lyapunov methods? - ?Navigation? - ?Nonlinear programming? - ?Optimization ? - ?Robot programming? - ?Robots? - ?System stability? - ?Taylor series? - ?Trajectories? - ?Velocity
Uncontrolled terms: Bezier curve? - ?Differential flatness? - ?Non-linear optimization problems? - ?Path tracking control? - ?Trajectory tracking controllers? - ?Trajectory tracking method? - ?Trajectory tracking problems? - ?Wheeled mobile robot
Classification code: 731 Automatic Control Principles and Applications
Automatic Control Principles and Applications
? - ?731.5 Robotics
Robotics
? - ?732.1 Control Equipment
Control Equipment
? - ?921 Mathematics
Mathematics
? - ?931.1 Mechanics
Mechanics
? - ?961 Systems Science
Systems Science
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.10.003
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
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