2021年第8期共收录43篇

1. Freeze-thaw Detection Method of Living Standing Wood Based on Stem Moisture Envelope Analysis

Accession number: 20213410815032

Title of translation:

Authors: Zhao, Yandong (1, 2); Liu, Yuqi (1, 2); Tian, Hao (3); Zhao, Yue (1, 4)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Beijing; 100083, China; (3) School of Computer and Information Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing; 100048, China; (4) Research Center for Intelligent Forestry, Beijing; 100083, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 8

Issue date: August 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 263-270

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to solve the problem of freeze-thaw disasters caused by low temperatures that living standing wod were vulnerable during the overwintering period. A method for freeze-thaw detection was proposed based on the sequence envelope analysis of stem moisture of living standing wood during the overwintering period by analyzing the change of stem moisture and environmental temperature data. Firstly, based on the use of a freeze-thaw detection sensor with independent intellectual property rights, the real-time information on the stem moisture and environmental temperature of living standing wood was obtained, and the changes of stem moisture and environmental temperature data of living standing wood during the overwintering period were clarified through pre-tests by the research team of Beijing Forestry University and the research team. However, ambient temperature was indirectly related to the physiological state of the living standing wood and cannot be used alone as a basis for determining freeze-thaw conditions, and the change of stem moisture of standing trees during the winter due to water-ice interactions in the stem can reflect the freeze-thaw conditions of the living standing wood. Secondly, a method of freeze-thaw condition detection based on the envelope analysis of stem moisture series was proposed. And 1320 min was selected as the signal sampling interval for the envelope analysis to obtain the extreme values of the data for quantitative representation of the freeze-thaw condition of living standing wood. The mean values of the upper and lower lines of the stem moisture envelope and the lower line of the envelope in combination with the ambient temperature were used to establish a normalised calculation model of the freeze-thaw condition assessment index. Finally, three broad-leaved tree species (Violet, Begonia and Balsam Poplar) were chosen as representatives to verify the generalisability of the method based on the sequence envelope analysis of stem moisture in standing wood during freeze-thaw. The experimental site of Violet was located at Sanqingyuan Nursery of Beijing Forestry University, Haidian District, Beijing (116°21’14”E, 40°0’54”N), for the period of November 1st, 2018-April 1st, 2019.The experimental site of Begonia was located at the nursery of Hesheng Institute of Ecological Science and Technology, Horinger County, Huhhot City District, Inner Mongolia (111°50’28”E, 40°32’33”N), for the period September 1st, 2018-June 1st, 2019.The experimental site of Balsam Poplar was located at the experimental forestry farm under Northeast Forestry University in Maor-Mountain, Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province (127°34’48”E, 45°16’12”N), for the period October 1st, 2018-May 1st, 2019. The freeze-thaw condition of the Violet was slight throughout the wintering period, with a maximum freeze-thaw index of 0.004, much less than 1.0. The freeze-thaw condition of the Begonia tree was more variable, with a fluctuating index between 0.1 and 0.7. The freeze-thaw condition of the Balsam Poplar was relatively severe, with a maximum freeze-thaw index of 0.9. The tests results showed that the proposed principle and the self-developed freeze-thaw detection sensor were accurate and reliable, and can be used as an effective means to detect the freeze-thaw condition of living standing wood, which can provide theoretical and data support for early warning of plant frost damage. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 27

Main heading: Freezing

Controlled terms: Damage detection? - ?Forestry? - ?Intellectual property? - ?Laws and legislation? - ?Moisture? - ?Signal sampling? - ?Temperature? - ?Thawing? - ?Timber

Uncontrolled terms: Calculation models? - ?Condition assessments? - ?Condition detection? - ?Ecological science? - ?Environmental temperature? - ?Intellectual property rights? - ?Physiological state? - ?Real-time information

Classification code: 641.1 Thermodynamics? - ?902.3 Legal Aspects? - ?922 Statistical Methods? - ?971 Social Sciences

Numerical data indexing: Time 7.92e+04s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.08.027

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

2. Effect of Glycosidase Activity of Oenococcus oeni on Terpene Aroma Compounds of Dry White Wine

Accession number: 20213410814842

Title of translation: O.oeni

Authors: Zhu, Xia (1, 2); Zhao, Dandan (1); Li, June (1); Mao, Yaling (1); Han, Shunyu (1, 2); Yang, Xueshan (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou; 730070, China; (2) Gansu Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, Lanzhou; 730070, China

Corresponding author: Yang, Xueshan(yangxs@gsau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 8

Issue date: August 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 363-373

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Malolactic fermentation (MLF) carried out by Oenococcus oeni (O.oeni) is the main method to reduce the acidity of the wine. Meanwhile, the synthesis and release of a variety of glycosidase will have a positive effect on the conversion of glycosylated precursor compounds originated from grapes. In this experiment, two O.oeni autochthonous strains ZX-1 and GF-2 isolated and identified from Hexi Corridor Region and the commercial strain VP41 were used as test and control strains, respectively. To analyze and discuss the effects of single fermentation conditions (initial pH value, ethanol concentration, SO2 addition and fermentation temperature) and the compound fermenting condition on the cumulative β-D-glucosidase and diglycosidase activities of the tested O.oeni strains. The changes of terpene aroma substances in the Chardonnay dry white wine fermented by the tested strains were analyzed by the microvinification experiment. The results showed that the cumulative glycosidase activity of the all tested strains was increased first and then decreased with the increase of ethanol concentration and SO2 addition. Higher pH value was more conducive to the synthesis of glycosidase produced by O.oeni strains, and there were differences in the response regulation of β-D-glucosidase and diglycosidase activity to fermentation temperature. Under the compound fermenting condition, diglycosidase activity of the O.oeni autochthonous strains were significantly higher than that of the commercial strain VP41 (P2 addition had a very significant impact on the glycosidase activity of the all tested strains (P2 addition of 30 mg/L, pH value of 3.6, and fermentation temperature of 22. Under the above conditions, the highest cumulative diglycosidase activity produced by strain GF-2 was 46.137 mU/mL, followed by ZX-1 of 45.932 mU/mL and VP41 of 37.011 mU/mL. Results of the microvinification experiment showed that although the types of terpene compounds in the wine sample fermented by O.oeni autochthonous strain ZX-1 were less than that in VP41 fermented wine, the total content of terpenes were higher. The contents of α-terpineol, citronellol, damastone and linalool in the ZX-1 fermented wine were higher than the threshold, which effectively enhanced the varietal aroma characteristics of Chardonnay dry white wine. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 30

Main heading: Wine

Controlled terms: Bacilli? - ?Ethanol? - ?Fermentation? - ?Odors? - ?pH? - ?Strain? - ?Sulfur dioxide? - ?Terpenes

Uncontrolled terms: Ethanol concentrations? - ?Fermentation conditions? - ?Fermentation temperature? - ?Glucosidase activity? - ?Malolactic fermentation? - ?Microvinification? - ?Optimum conditions? - ?Precursor compounds

Classification code: 461.9 Biology? - ?801.1 Chemistry, General? - ?804.1 Organic Compounds? - ?804.2 Inorganic Compounds? - ?822.3 Food Products? - ?951 Materials Science

Numerical data indexing: Mass_Density 3.00e-02kg/m3, Percentage 1.20e+01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.08.038

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

3. Decoupling on Influence of Air Droplets Stress and Canopy Porosity Change on Deposition Performance in Air-assisted Spray

Accession number: 20213410814924

Title of translation:

Authors: Liu, Xuemei (1, 2); Song, Laiqi (1); Cui, Huiyuan (1); Liu, Yichong (1); Liu, Xinghua (1, 3); Wu, Minqing (1)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an; 271018, China; (2) Shandong Agricultural Equipment Intelligent Engineering Laboratory, Tai’an; 271018, China; (3) Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Machinery and Equipment, Tai’an; 271018, China

Corresponding author: Liu, Xinghua(lxh9357@163.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 8

Issue date: August 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 117-126 and 137

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In the air-assisted spray, the change in the porosity of the canopy caused by the wind speed of the auxiliary airflow and the effect on the droplet migration were coupled, and the two ultimately affected the droplet deposition performance. Studying the effect of the coupling ratio of the two on the deposition performance can provide guidance for the optimization of air-assisted spray parameters and the improvement of spray patterns. Taking cotton in the full blooming period as the research object, and the different effects of the decoupling of the two on the droplet deposition behavior were analyzed by designing a decoupling test plan. Firstly, the deformation of cotton branches and leaves under wind load was calibrated with the help of a high-speed camera, and the fitting relationship among air velocity, leaf area and deformation was obtained. Through carrying out the wind load deformation test of the fake blade, it was verified that the wind load deformation error of the fake blade and the real blade was basically less than 17%. The plan of using the simulated cotton model to be applied to the air-assisted spray test was determined. Then, according to the 3/8 rule of the branch and leaf configuration of cotton growth and development, a cotton model of Scheme 1 in which the canopy porosity can be changed by wind load was built. The data of the airflow field in the cotton canopy was measured, and the deformation of branches and leaves under different wind speeds was calculated. Physical means were used to fix the deformation of branches and leaves, and a Scheme 2 cotton model was formed with fixed canopy porosity after wind load deformation. The cotton branches and leaves was fixed in the natural state and the canopy porosity was kept unchanged under wind load as the cotton model of Scheme 3. Finally, for the cotton models of the three test schemes, the auxiliary air flow velocity was changed to carry out air-assisted droplet deposition experiments. The test results showed that the migration effect of airflow on droplets was more favorable to the deposition behavior of droplets in the canopy than changes in canopy porosity. The effect of air flow on the movement of droplets increased the droplet deposition rate by 39.81%, and the change in canopy porosity increased the droplet deposition rate by 10.52%. The droplet transport channel formed by the increase of canopy pores was more conducive to the uniform distribution of droplets in the canopy than the transport effect of airflow on the droplets. The increase in the porosity of the canopy increased the deposition uniformity by 42.71%, and the transport effect of the air flow on the droplets increased the deposition uniformity by 1.10%. This decoupling method can provide a reference for the design of spray patterns for different crop canopy porosity changes. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 28

Main heading: Air

Controlled terms: Aerodynamic loads? - ?Air navigation? - ?Cotton? - ?Deformation? - ?Deposition rates? - ?Drops? - ?Flow velocity? - ?High speed cameras? - ?Porosity? - ?Testing ? - ?Wind stress

Uncontrolled terms: Air flow velocity? - ?Decoupling methods? - ?Deposition behavior? - ?Different effects? - ?Droplet deposition? - ?Migration effects? - ?Transport effects? - ?Uniform distribution

Classification code: 431.5 Air Navigation and Traffic Control? - ?443.1 Atmospheric Properties? - ?631 Fluid Flow? - ?651.1 Aerodynamics, General? - ?742.2 Photographic Equipment? - ?804 Chemical Products Generally? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.05e+01%, Percentage 1.10e+00%, Percentage 1.70e+01%, Percentage 3.98e+01%, Percentage 4.27e+01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.08.011

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

4. Design and Experiment of Inside-filling Pneumatic High Speed Precision Seed-metering Device for Cotton

Accession number: 20213410814851

Title of translation:

Authors: Hu, Mengjie (1, 2); Xia, Junfang (1, 2); Zheng, Kan (1, 2); Du, Jun (1, 2); Liu, Zhengyuan (1, 2); Zhou, Mingkuan (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan; 430070, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment in Mid-lower Reaches of Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan; 430070, China

Corresponding author: Xia, Junfang(xjf@mail.hzau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 8

Issue date: August 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 73-85

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Aiming to solve the problem of poor seed filling performance and low seeding accuracy of the current pneumatic precision seed-metering device for cottonseed under high speed operation. Based on the structural characteristics of inside-filling seed-metering device, a kind of inside-filling pneumatic high speed precision cotton seed-metering device was developed. During the working process of the seed-metering device, the dual seed filling method combining inside-filling and airflow absorption was utilized in the filling place, and after the action of seed eliminating apparatus, twice seed throwing mode was applied in the throwing place. The mechanical model of seed filling and adsorption were constructed and the structural parameters of key components were determined. In order to explore the performance of seed-metering device, some relevant bench test were carried out with the cotton seed variety E’kangmian-10 of which the moisture content was 8.92% was selected as experimental material and the qualified index, multiple index and missing index were taken as evaluation indicators. First of all, the single factor experiment was employed with eliminating distance as the impact factor and the optimal one for cotton direction seeding was chosen out. Then based on the above optimal seed cleaning effect, the Box-Behnken rotation-orthogonal combination experiment of three factors and three levels was executed, so as to study the influence law of suction hole diameter, forward speed and vacuum degree on seeding performance and achieve the optimal combination of each factors. Additionally, compared with the traditional vertical disk air-suction seed-metering device, a contrast test of seeding performance under high speed condition was carried out. The results indicated that the inside-filling pneumatic precision seed-metering device had the optimal cleaning effect with the qualified index of 93.14% and missing index of 3.73% when the eliminating distance was set at 2.0 mm. The factors influencing qualified index and missing index of seed-metering device was in the following order as vacuum degree, forward speed and suction hole diameter. The optimal combination was suction hole diameter with 2.9 mm, forward speed with 8.4 km/h and vacuum degree with 1 150 Pa under the solution of Design-Expert 10.0.4 optimization module. On the above condition, the qualified index, multiple index and missing index of seeding were 96.48%, 2.41% and 1.11%, respectively. In the range of 8~12 km/h, the qualified index of seeding was more than 91% and missing index was less than 7%, which was better than the seeding performance of traditional vertical disk air-suction seed-metering device and met agronomy requirement for cotton direct seeding. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 32

Main heading: Pneumatic materials handling equipment

Controlled terms: Cotton? - ?Filling? - ?Pneumatics? - ?Speed

Uncontrolled terms: Evaluation indicators? - ?Experimental materials? - ?High-speed conditions? - ?High-speed operation? - ?Precision seed-metering devices? - ?Seed metering devices? - ?Single-factor experiments? - ?Structural characteristics

Classification code: 632.3 Pneumatics? - ?632.4 Pneumatic Equipment and Machinery? - ?691.1 Materials Handling Equipment? - ?691.2 Materials Handling Methods? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.11e+00%, Percentage 2.41e+00%, Percentage 3.73e+00%, Percentage 7.00e+00%, Percentage 8.92e+00%, Percentage 9.10e+01%, Percentage 9.31e+01%, Percentage 9.65e+01%, Pressure 1.15e+03Pa, Size 2.00e-03m, Size 2.90e-03m, Velocity 2.22e+00m/s to 3.33e+00m/s, Velocity 2.33e+00m/s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.08.007

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

5. Physicochemical Properties of Soymilk Prepared from Component Deficient Soybean under Homogenization or Heating Conditions

Accession number: 20213410815033

Title of translation: /

Authors: Wu, Haibo (1, 2); Zhang, Qi (1, 3); Qiu, Shuo (4); Li, Dongmei (1); Zhang, Yinyin (1); Jiang, Long (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Food Engineering, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou; 535011, China; (2) Qinzhou Key Laboratory of Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables Fermentation, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou; 535011, China; (3) College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning; 530004, China; (4) College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 8

Issue date: August 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 374-385

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: To investigate physicochemical properties of soymilk made from soybean varieties with special protein composition, the effect of homogenization (80 MPa) and heating (95 for 25 min) on physicochemical characteristics of soymilk prepared respectively from soybean genotype lacking lipoxygenase (Dongfu 3) and soybean lacking 7S globulin (Dongfu 2) was studied with ordinary soybean variety of Heinong 64 as control. The result showed that raw soymilk made from Dongfu 3 soybean null in lipoxygenase showed higher protein solubility, free sulfydryl group content and lower average particle size, turbidity, apparent viscosity, centrifugal precipitation percent than the other varieties evaluated before homogenization and heating, but raw soymilk prepared from Dongfu 2 soybean lacking 7S showed the lowest protein solubility, free sulfydryl group content and highest average particle size, turbidity, apparent viscosity, centrifugal precipitation percent, which meant the physical stability of Dongfu 3 raw soymilk was the highest and Dongfu 2 raw soymilk was the lowest among the all varieties evaluated before homogenization and heating. After homogenization, the protein solubility, free sulfhydryl content of all soymilk was increased, and the average particle size, turbidity and viscosity were decreased. Centrifugal precipitation percent of Dofu 2 and Heinong 64 soymilk was reduced significantly after homogenization (p0.05), the physical stability of DongFu 3 soymilk was still the highest and Dongfu 2 soymilk was the lowest after homogenization. After heating, the protein solubility, average particle size, turbidity and apparent viscosity of three varieties of soymilk were increased, while the free sulfhydryl group content and centrifugal precipitation percent were decreased. Although both heating and homogenization had a marked effect on the increase in the protein solubility and decrease in the centrifugal precipitation percent of soymilk, heating more significantly improved the protein solubility and physical stability of soymilk compared with homogenization (p ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 55

Main heading: Particle size

Controlled terms: Centrifugation? - ?Heating? - ?Physicochemical properties? - ?Precipitation (chemical)? - ?Proteins? - ?Solubility? - ?Stability? - ?Turbidity? - ?Viscosity

Uncontrolled terms: Average particle size? - ?Confocal fluorescence? - ?Free sulfhydryl groups? - ?Heating conditions? - ?Oil droplet size distribution? - ?Physical stability? - ?Physicochemical characteristics? - ?Protein composition

Classification code: 631.1 Fluid Flow, General? - ?741.1 Light/Optics? - ?801.4 Physical Chemistry? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations? - ?804.1 Organic Compounds

Numerical data indexing: Pressure 8.00e+07Pa, Time 1.50e+03s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.08.039

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

6. Automatic Identification Method of Short-term Chewing Behaviour for Sheep Based on EfficientDet Network

Accession number: 20213410815058

Title of translation: EfficientDet

Authors: Lu, Mingzhou (1); Liang, Zhaodong (1); Norton, Tomas (2); Zhang, Shengfu (3); Shen, Mingxia (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Artificial Intelligence, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing; 210031, China; (2) M3-BIORES-Measure, Model and Manage Bioresponses, KU Leuven, Heverlee; B3001, Belgium; (3) Computer College, Qinghai Nationalities University, Xining; 810007, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 8

Issue date: August 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 248-254 and 426

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Animal’s short-term chewing behaviour is accomplished with discrete jaw movements which occurs through a repeating jaw opening-closing cycle. Recognition of short-term chewing behaviour is the foundation of feeding behaviour analysis and feed/pasture intake estimation for sheep. Several attempts have been made to establish models for short-term chewing behaviour recognition based on the jaw pressure or acoustic signal obtained using wearable sensors. However, such data collection methods have shortages such as difficulty in battery replacement, low stability of the data, and the sensors are vulnerable to damage. A short-term chewing behaviour identification method using computer vision technology was presented, which can extract the frequency and duration of each individual short-term chewing from the feeding video of sheep. Firstly, based on the characteristics of sheep feeding area, a module for target box selection was added in the EfficientDet network architecture. This modified EfficientDet network was employed to detect the three status of sheep mouth, that was opening, stagger of the upper/lower jaw, and closing, in each video frame. Once the sheep mouth status in a video frame was determined, a numerical label was assigned. Then, the regular expression was employed to extract the numerical label sequence segment corresponding to each individual jaw opening-closing cycle. Finally, classification rules were constructed for short-term chewing behaviour identification, where chewing with the side face facing the camera, chewing while facing the camera with the head down, chewing while facing the camera with the head up, and sheep chirping were distinguished. The performance of the sheep mouth status detection obtained by the modified EfficientDet-D0~D4 networks were compared with those obtained by the YOLO v5 and SSD networks. The comparison results indicated that the precision rate, mean average precision, and frame rate of the modified EfficientDet-D1 network was 95.64%, 98.84%, and 28.18 f/s, respectively, which were better than those of YOLO v5 and SSD. Short-term chewing behaviour classification rules, which consisted of EfficientDet-D1 network and regular expression, were applied to the testing videos. The testing results indicated that the frequency and duration of short-term chewing can be extracted from the videos with the accuracy of 91.42% and 90.85%, respectively. The developed method transformed the video-based sheep short-term behaviour identification problem into the problem of the status label sequences classification, which reduced the complexity of the short-term chewing behaviour classification task. The presented method provided a solution for the automatic short-term chewing behaviour recognition for sheep. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 24

Main heading: Behavioral research

Controlled terms: Automation? - ?Cameras? - ?Facings? - ?Feeding? - ?Network architecture? - ?Pattern matching? - ?Wearable sensors

Uncontrolled terms: Battery replacements? - ?Behaviour classification? - ?Behaviour recognition? - ?Classification rules? - ?Computer vision technology? - ?Data collection method? - ?Identification method? - ?Identification problem

Classification code: 402 Buildings and Towers? - ?691.2 Materials Handling Methods? - ?731 Automatic Control Principles and Applications? - ?742.2 Photographic Equipment? - ?971 Social Sciences

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 9.08e+01%, Percentage 9.14e+01%, Percentage 9.56e+01%, Percentage 9.88e+01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.08.025

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

7. Fast Storage and Indexing Method of Big Data in Forest Ecological Station

Accession number: 20213410814735

Title of translation:

Authors: Wang, Xinyang (1, 2); Jia, Xiangyu (1, 2); Chen, Zhibo (1, 2); Cui, Xiaohui (1, 2); Xu, Fu (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Information Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Engineering Research Center for Forestry-oriented Intelligent Information Processing, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing; 100083, China

Corresponding author: Chen, Zhibo(zhibo@bjfu.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 8

Issue date: August 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 195-204 and 212

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Aiming at the problems of low storage efficiency and poor retrieval performance of a large number of unstructured data such as images, videos, GIS data and ecological indicators in the forest ecological station, a forest ecological station big data storage framework was proposed based on Hadoop and HBase. Based on the proposed framework, the business process of forest ecological data storage was given and the core technologies involved in the forest ecological big data platform was optimized.A pre-partitioning algorithm was designed to ensure that the data was evenly distributed in the cluster. According to the characteristics of ecological data, the RowKey was scientifically designed to achieve rapid retrieval of ecological data. Aiming at the problem that native HBase did not support multi-condition query, an ElasticSearch index shard placement strategy was designed based on index data and server performance evaluation, and the multi-condition search HBase ecological database was optimized based on ElasticSearch’s secondary non-primary key index technology. In view of the difficulty of storing large amounts of small pictures in the ecological station, a package and merge strategy was proposed based on data sites and time relevance. GIS data was analyzed for efficient storage. The above theory was verified through experiments. The results showed that the ElasticSearch index shard placement strategy reduced the query time by an average of 20 ms compared with the default shard strategy. The average query time was reduced by 20 ms compared with that based on changing the ElasticSearch scoring policy. When the structured data size was 1×108, the retrieval time of the system was 1.045 s, which was 3.99 times faster than the native HBase retrieval, and when the unstructured data was 1×107 pieces, the based on data site and time correlation package small picture strategy was 1.15 times that of SequenceFile-based merging efficiency and 1.79 times that of native HBase.In the case of 1×104 concurrent users, after optimization, the number of queries per second was 1.88 times as much as before, the throughput per second was 1.74 times as much as before, and the system response time was 69.5% lower than that before optimization. From the above results, it can be seen that the solution proposed had significant performance improvements in cluster load balancing, massive structured and unstructured data retrieval efficiency, and system throughput, which provided the necessary theoretical foundation and technical realization for the storage and management of forest ecological data. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 37

Main heading: Search engines

Controlled terms: Big data? - ?Digital storage? - ?Ecology? - ?Efficiency? - ?Forestry? - ?Information management? - ?Query processing

Uncontrolled terms: Ecological database? - ?Ecological indicators? - ?Partitioning algorithms? - ?Retrieval performance? - ?Server performance? - ?System response time? - ?Technical realization? - ?Theoretical foundations

Classification code: 454.3 Ecology and Ecosystems? - ?722.1 Data Storage, Equipment and Techniques? - ?723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications? - ?723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing? - ?913.1 Production Engineering

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 6.95e+01%, Time 1.04e+00s, Time 2.00e-02s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.08.019

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

8. Drill Resistance Expression Method of Tree Micro Drill Instrument

Accession number: 20213410814954

Title of translation:

Authors: Yao, Jianfeng (1); Zhao, Yandong (2); Zhang, Huiru (3, 4); Song, Xinyu (5); Lei, Xiangdong (3, 4); Tang, Shouzheng (3, 4)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Computer and Information Technology, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang; 464000, China; (2) School of Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing; 100083, China; (3) Research Institute of Forest Resources Information Techniques, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing; 100091, China; (4) Key Laboratory of Forest Management and Growth Modelling, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing; 100091, China; (5) School of Mathematics and Statistics, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang; 464000, China

Corresponding author: Tang, Shouzheng(stang@caf.ac.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 8

Issue date: August 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 271-277 and 286

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: The drill resistance of tree micro drill instrument can not be measured directly, but can be expressed indirectly by the current, voltage, power, speed and other parameters of DC motor. In order to improve the measurement accuracy of drill resistance, the expression method of the drill resistance was further studied. The principle of the micro drill instrument was described, and the relationship between the drill resistance and the current, voltage, power and speed of the DC motor controlling the drill rotation speed was analyzed, and six drill resistance expression methods were putted forward. The test wood samples included hardwood, softwood and conifer. The absolute dry wood density of each sample was measured. The drill resistance data was tested by self-developed micro drill instrument and Resistograph 650-S produced by German Rinntech Company. Average resistance value expressed by each resistance expression method of self-developed micro drill instrument and average resistance value measured by Resistograph 650-S were calculated to each test sample. The linear models between each average resistance value and the absolute dry wood density were established. The results showed that the linear correlation coefficient between DC motor current, voltage, power and absolute dry wood density were higher than 0.9, and the current, voltage and power of DC motor can be used to express the relative magnitude of drill resistance; the linear correlation coefficient between DC motor voltage adjusted by rotation speed of DC motor and absolute dry wood density was the highest, so when measuring absolute dry wood density, the drill resistance expressed by DC motor voltage adjusted by rotation speed of DC motor was more appropriate in the six drill resistance expression methods. The linear correlation coefficient of self-developed micro drill instrument between DC motor voltage adjusted by rotation speed of DC motor and absolute dry wood density was 0.005 3 higher than that of the German Resistograph 650-S, which indicated that the design scheme and the drill resistance expression method were reasonable. The design scheme and the drill resistance expression method proposed had great reference value for the independent production of micro drill instrument in China. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 27

Main heading: DC motors

Controlled terms: Drills? - ?Forestry? - ?Hardwoods? - ?Infill drilling? - ?Rotation? - ?Speed

Uncontrolled terms: Drill resistance? - ?Drill rotation? - ?Independent productions? - ?Linear correlation coefficient? - ?Measurement accuracy? - ?Motor currents? - ?Reference values? - ?Resistance values

Classification code: 511.1 Oil Field Production Operations? - ?603.2 Machine Tool Accessories? - ?705.3.2 DC Motors? - ?931.1 Mechanics

Numerical data indexing: Electrical_Conductance 6.50e+02S

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.08.028

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

9. Spectrum Baseline Correction for Soil Heavy Metal Detection Based on Penalized Least Squares Algorithm

Accession number: 20213410814922

Title of translation:

Authors: Jiang, Xiaoyu (1, 2); Li, Fusheng (1, 2); Wang, Qingya (1, 2); Hao, Jun (1, 2); Xu, Muqiang (1, 2); Luo, Jie (3)

Author affiliation: (1) State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment, East China University of Technology, Nanchang; 330013, China; (2) Engineering Research Center of Nuclear Technology Application, Ministry of Education, East China University of Technology, Nanchang; 330013, China; (3) College of Resource and Environmental Science, Yangtze University, Wuhan; 430100, China

Corresponding author: Li, Fusheng(lifusheng@ecit.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 8

Issue date: August 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 205-212

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: X-ray fluorescence spectrometry has the advantages of nondestructive and rapid detection of heavy metals in soil. However, in the process of practical application, because the soil background is complex and contains a lot of noise and interference information, it is easy to be affected by the matrix effect. In order to improve the accuracy of the quantitative analysis model, it is necessary to carry out baseline correction of X-ray fluorescence spectrum and reduce the effect of baseline drift. Penalty least squares algorithm, as a common baseline algorithm, was used to further optimize the fitting baseline based on least squares by fitting the fidelity and smoothness between the baseline and the real baseline. No baseline deduction, asymmetric least squares (ASLS), adaptive iterative reweighted penalty least squares (AIRPLS), asymmetric reweighted penalty least squares (ARPLS), local symmetric reweighted penalty least squares (LSRPLS) and multi-constrained reweighted penalty least squares (DRPLS) were selected for baseline correction of the measured spectrum of heavy metal elements lead and arsenic in soil, and then the corresponding correction models were established with partial least squares (PLS) algorithm to select the optimal baseline correction algorithm. At last, the partial least square (PLS) model was compared with the correction model established by neural network (BP) and support vector machine (SVR) to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of different models. The results showed that the optimal baseline correction algorithm of the two elements was DRPLS, which the R2 of the lead corresponding PLS model was 0.982, the prediction root mean square error (RMSEP) was 0.056 mg/kg, and the R2 of the arsenic corresponding PLS model was 0.985, the RMSEP was 0.796 mg/kg. Besides, the SVR models of lead and arsenic were optimal compared with PLS and BP models. And the R2 of the model reached 0.998 and 0.993, respectively. The RMSEP was 0.015 mg/kg and 0.596 mg/kg, respectively. Experiments showed that the prediction accuracy, detection limit and stability of the model established after baseline correction can effectively improve the quantitative analysis ability of X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy in soil. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 28

Main heading: Iterative methods

Controlled terms: Arsenic? - ?Backpropagation? - ?Fluorescence? - ?Fluorescence spectroscopy? - ?Heavy metals? - ?Least squares approximations? - ?Mean square error? - ?Soils? - ?Spectrum analysis? - ?Support vector machines ? - ?X rays

Uncontrolled terms: Asymmetric least squares? - ?Partial least square (PLS)? - ?Penalized least-squares? - ?Quantitative analysis model? - ?Root mean square errors? - ?X ray fluorescence spectrometry? - ?X ray fluorescence spectroscopy? - ?X-ray fluorescence spectrum

Classification code: 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?531 Metallurgy and Metallography? - ?723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications? - ?723.4 Artificial Intelligence? - ?741.1 Light/Optics? - ?741.3 Optical Devices and Systems? - ?804 Chemical Products Generally? - ?921.6 Numerical Methods? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics? - ?932.1 High Energy Physics

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.08.020

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

10. Estimation of Rice Leaf Phosphorus Content Using UAV-based Hyperspectral Images

Accession number: 20213410814788

Title of translation:

Authors: Ban, Songtao (1); Tian, Minglu (2, 3); Chang, Qingrui (1); Wang, Qi (1); Li, Fenling (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; 712100, China; (2) Agricultural Information Institute of Science and Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai; 201403, China; (3) Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Digital Agriculture, Shanghai; 201403, China

Corresponding author: Chang, Qingrui(changqr@nwsuaf.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 8

Issue date: August 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 163-171

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to rapidly learn the rice canopy phosphorus content in the field, an imaging spectrometer (Cubert S185) mounted on a UAV was used to acquire the hyperspectral images of rice canopy in an experimental field and the leaves of each plot were sampled for leaf phosphorus content (LPC) measurement in the laboratory. The spectral features of the LPC in the UAV hyperspectral images were analyzed. The characteristic wavelengths of LPC were selected using the successive projections algorithm (SPA). Three spectral indices which were normalized difference spectral index (NDSI), ratio spectral index (RSI) and difference spectral index (DSI), were calculated by combing each two bands. The correlation analysis was performed between LPC and each spectral index in order to screen the most related spectral indices. LPC estimation models were built based on the spectral reflectance of the characteristic wavelength and the spectral indices using multiple linear regression (MLR), partial least squares regression (PLSR), support vector regression (SVR) and artificial neural network (ANN). The rice LPC distribution maps of each growth stage were made by computing the hyperspectral images pixel-by-pixel using the best LPC estimation model. The results showed that the LPC had significant negative correlations with the spectral reflectance within the range of 462~718 nm and the highest correlation coefficient reached -0.902. By using SPA, 670 nm, 706 nm, 722 nm and 846 nm were chosen as the characteristic wavelengths of LPC. The LPC estimation model which was built based on the four characteristic wavelengths using PLSR method achieved the highest accuracy and the validation R2 value reached 0.925 and the RMSE was 0.027%. Among all the spectral indices, NDSI(R498, R606), RSI(R498, R606), and DSI(R498, R586) had the highest correlation with LPC and the correlation coefficients were 0.913, 0.915 and 0.938, respectively. The validation R2 values of the ANN models based on the three spectral indices was 0.885 and the RMSE was 0.029%. The predicted LPC values derived from the LPC distribution map of each growth stage were consistent with the measured values. Therefore, the UAV-based hyperspectral remote sensing technology could provide a rapid and non-destructive method to monitor the phosphorus status of rice leaves on the field scale. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 33

Main heading: Hyperspectral imaging

Controlled terms: Least squares approximations? - ?Linear regression? - ?Neural networks? - ?Nondestructive examination? - ?Phosphorus? - ?Pixels? - ?Reflection? - ?Remote sensing? - ?Spectroscopy? - ?Support vector regression ? - ?Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)

Uncontrolled terms: Correlation coefficient? - ?Hyperspectral remote sensing technology? - ?Multiple linear regressions? - ?Nondestructive methods? - ?Normalized differences? - ?Partial least squares regressions (PLSR)? - ?Successive projections algorithms (SPA)? - ?Support vector regression (SVR)

Classification code: 652.1 Aircraft, General? - ?804 Chemical Products Generally? - ?921.6 Numerical Methods? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 2.70e-02%, Percentage 2.90e-02%, Size 4.62e-07m to 7.18e-07m, Size 6.70e-07m, Size 7.06e-07m, Size 7.22e-07m, Size 8.46e-07m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.08.016

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

11. Analysis of Soil Salinization Risk and Groundwater Environment Based on Indicator Kriging

Accession number: 20213410814798

Title of translation: Kriging

Authors: Li, Xianyue (1); Cui, Jiaqi (1); Shi, Haibin (1); Sun, Ya’nan (1); Ma, Hongyu (1); Jia, Biao (2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot; 010018, China; (2) Inner Mongolia Water Conservancy Research Institute, Huhhot; 010020, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 8

Issue date: August 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 297-306

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Soil salinization is the main obstacle to agricultural development in arid areas, and groundwater environment is the direct factor affecting soil salinization in shallow groundwater areas. In order to control reasonable groundwater depth and salinity to prevent and control regional salinization, the Yongji Irrigation Area in Hetao Irrigation District was used as the research area, the probability distribution diagram of soil surface salinity and groundwater depth and groundwater salinity under different threshold conditions before spring irrigation period and during growth period was analyzed and compared by using indicator Kriging method. The critical groundwater depth and salinity when soil salinization occurred in different periods were analyzed from the perspective of probability spatial distribution. The results showed as following: the groundwater depth was medium variability, while the surface salinity and groundwater salinity were strong variability. Before spring irrigation, compared with the growth period, the high risk areas of soil surface salinization were increased, the high probability areas of shallow groundwater were decreased, and the high risk areas of groundwater mineralization were decreased. Before spring irrigation, the critical buried depth of groundwater in the soil surface layer of Yongji Irrigation Area when mild and moderate salinization occurred was 2.6 m and 2.2 m, and the critical salinity of groundwater when mild and moderate salinization occurred was 2.0 g/L and 2.5 g/L, respectively. During the growth period, the critical depth of groundwater under mild and moderate salinization was 2.2 m and 1.8 m, and the critical salinity of groundwater under mild and moderate salinization was 2.5 g/L and 3.0 g/L, respectively. Soil salinization was more likely to occur before spring irrigation. Soil salinity before spring irrigation was less affected by external factors (meteorological factors and human factors) than that during the growth period. Moreover, soil surface salinity, groundwater depth and salinity variability before spring irrigation were relatively small, groundwater environment had strong impact on soil salinization. The northern, southeastern and central parts of the study area were areas with high probability that the groundwater was less than the critical burial depth and greater than the critical salinity, which were areas with high risk of soil salt return. It was suggested to further improve the drainage system and reduce the groundwater depth and salinity in local salinization risk areas. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 33

Main heading: Groundwater resources

Controlled terms: Agricultural robots? - ?Groundwater? - ?Interpolation? - ?Irrigation? - ?Probability distributions? - ?Risk assessment? - ?Soils

Uncontrolled terms: Agricultural development? - ?Critical buried depth of groundwaters? - ?Groundwater environment? - ?Groundwater mineralizations? - ?Groundwater salinities? - ?Hetao irrigation districts? - ?Meteorological factors? - ?Salinity variability

Classification code: 444.2 Groundwater? - ?483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods? - ?914.1 Accidents and Accident Prevention? - ?921.6 Numerical Methods? - ?922.1 Probability Theory

Numerical data indexing: Mass_Density 2.00e+00kg/m3, Mass_Density 2.50e+00kg/m3, Mass_Density 3.00e+00kg/m3, Size 1.80e+00m, Size 2.20e+00m, Size 2.60e+00m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.08.031

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

12. Design and Test on Even Seeding Turbine of Air-assisted Centralized Metering Device for Rapeseed and Wheat

Accession number: 20213410814734

Title of translation:

Authors: Wang, Lei (1, 2); Xi, Rijing (1, 2); Liao, Yitao (1, 2); Zhang, Qingsong (1, 2); Lin, Pian (1, 2); Liao, Qingxi (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan; 430070, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment in Mid-lower Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan; 430070, China

Corresponding author: Liao, Qingxi(liaoqx@mail.hzau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 8

Issue date: August 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 62-72 and 97

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Considering the problem that the each seeding quantity consistency variability of air-assisted no-tillage planter for rapeseed and wheat is affected by the change of land slope, a prototype of even seeding turbine which was suitable for distributor device driven rotation by conveying airflow was developed. The influence law of inlet and outlet working angles of even seeding turbine on the velocity of conveying airflow were analyzed. The key parameters affecting the working characteristics of three kinds of even seeding turbine were determined. The effects of three kinds of even seeding turbine on the distribution of conveying airflow and the rotating speed of even seeding turbine were compared and analyzed by using the dynamic mesh model in CFD simulation and bench test. The simulation results showed that the even seeding turbine with acute inlet and outlet working angles could improve the transportation and mixing performance of seeds. The effect of even seeding turbine with 4, 6, 8 and 10 impellers on the airflow field distribution in the distributor device was carried out. The simulation results indicated that with the increase of the number of impeller, the stability and uniformity of the airflow distribution at the outlet of the even seeding turbine could be improved. The intelligent test platform for planting machines was used to simulate the effect of even seeding turbine with different numbers of impeller on the each seeding quantity consistency variability in field operation with different land slopes. The bench test results indicated that when the rotating speed was 20~50 r/min, the swing angle in one-way combination of the front or rear, and lateral, the reciprocating swing combination of front or rear, and lateral along the operation direction of the planter was relatively flat, the land surface was changed from -5° to 5°, and the number of impeller was 8, rapeseed and wheat had the lowest consistency variation coefficient of each seeding quantity. The consistency variation coefficient of each seeding quantity of rapeseed and wheat were 4.99%~5.82% and 3.85%~4.92%, respectively. When the swing angle in one-way combination of the front or rear, and lateral was 5°, the consistency variation coefficient of each seeding quantity of even seeding turbine with 8 impellers was 7.53 and 11.98 percentage points lower than that of non impeller as seeding rapeseed and wheat. It could meet the requirements of rapeseed and wheat seeding when the land slope was changed. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 28

Main heading: Turbines

Controlled terms: Air? - ?Impellers? - ?Oilseeds? - ?Rotating machinery

Uncontrolled terms: Airflow distribution? - ?Design and tests? - ?Intelligent test? - ?Metering devices? - ?Mixing performance? - ?No-tillage planter? - ?Percentage points? - ?Variation coefficient

Classification code: 601.1 Mechanical Devices? - ?601.2 Machine Components? - ?804 Chemical Products Generally? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products

Numerical data indexing: Rotational_Speed 2.00e+01RPM to 5.00e+01RPM

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.08.006

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

13. Design and Experiment of Low Damage Corn Threshing Drum with Gradually Changing Diameter

Accession number: 20213410814781

Title of translation:

Authors: Wang, Zhendong (1, 2); Cui, Tao (1, 2); Zhang, Dongxing (1, 2); Yang, Li (1, 2); He, Xiantao (1, 2); Zhang, Zepeng (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Soil-Machine-Plant System Technology, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Beijing; 100083, China

Corresponding author: Cui, Tao(cuitao850919@163.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 8

Issue date: August 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 98-105

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to solve the problem of high broken grains caused by high moisture content in corn harvest in North China, a drum with gradually changing diameter was designed. The diameter in the front of the drum was gradually increased until it was the same diameter as the threshing separation section. By improving the ear holding capacity of the drum in the front section, the flexible contact between the ears was enhanced, which effectively lossening the connection between the kernels and the connection between the kernels and cob. The ears were easily threshed, and the separation of the grains and materials other than grain was realized quickly. The threshing speed was effectively improved, and the grain breakage rate was reduced. The stress between ears and threshing element were analyzed, and the influence of taper on the stress of ears ware determined. Based on the dynamic simulation, the contact force between the ears and the threshing elements, the contact frequency between the ears and the contact frequency between the ears and the threshing device were analyzed. The results showed that the drum with gradually changing diameter can increase the contact frequency between the ears and reduce the direct contact between the ears and the threshing element, that was, the contact and rubbing action between the ears in the drum with gradually changing diameter was stronge. The orthogonal test was carried out with roller speed, concave clearance, and grain moisture content as experimental factors. The optimal combination was determined as follows: grain moisture content was 26%, roller speed was 350 r/min, concave clearance was 50 mm. At this time, the grain breakage rate was 4.13%, and the percentage of unthreshed grains was 0.34%. When the grain moisture content was 27%, a comparative threshing test was carried out with the equal diameter drum. According to the integrity of the grain, the damaged grain was divided into completely broken grain, crack grain, skin damage grain, and broken grain. The total broken rate of the grain was 4.64%, which was 19.16% lower than the 5.74% of the equal diameter drum. The proportion of completely broken grain, crack grain, and broken grain in damaged grain was decreased significantly. The percentage of unthreshed grains was 0.42%, which was 51.72% lower than the 0.87% of the equal diameter drum. It was proved that the drum with gradually changing diameter can effectively reduce the rates of broken grains and the rates of unthreshed grains. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 25

Main heading: Grain (agricultural product)

Controlled terms: Low temperature drying? - ?Moisture? - ?Moisture determination? - ?Rollers (machine components)

Uncontrolled terms: Concave clearances? - ?Contact frequency? - ?Experimental factors? - ?Grain moisture content? - ?High moisture contents? - ?Holding capacity? - ?Optimal combination? - ?Orthogonal test

Classification code: 601.2 Machine Components? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?944.2 Moisture Measurements

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.92e+01%, Percentage 2.60e+01%, Percentage 2.70e+01%, Percentage 3.40e-01%, Percentage 4.13e+00%, Percentage 4.20e-01%, Percentage 4.64e+00%, Percentage 5.17e+01%, Percentage 5.74e+00%, Percentage 8.70e-01%, Rotational_Speed 3.50e+02RPM, Size 5.00e-02m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.08.009

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

14. Effect of Continuous Regulated Deficit Irrigation in Growth Period on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Root and Crown Growth of Peanut

Accession number: 20213410814728

Title of translation:

Authors: Xia, Guimin (1); Wang, Qianqing (1); Zhang, Junxiao (1); Wu, Qi (1); Chi, Daocai (1); Zhang, Gengyuan (2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Water Conservancy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang; 110866, China; (2) Shenyang Water Affairs Service and Administrative Law Enforcement Center, Shenyang; 110016, China

Corresponding author: Chi, Daocai(daocaichi@vip.sina.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 8

Issue date: August 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 318-328

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Aiming to investigate the effects of rehydration on photosynthetic characteristics of peanut leaves and dry matter accumulation under the condition of different water stress duration in multiple growth period, and reveal its compensation effect, the experiment of drip irrigation under the plastic film was carried out in Aerxiang Irrigation Experimental Station in Northwest Liaoning Province for two consecutive years from 2018 to 2019 and the split-plot design on two factors was adopted. In the experiment, three levels of water deficit treatments were set in the peanut flower-pegging stage (H/main zone) and pod setting stage (J/sub zone) respectively, namely, severe (H1/J1), moderate (H2/J2) and no deficit (H3/J3) treatments, corresponding to 55%, 65% and 70% field capacity (FC) of the lower limit of water content of planned wetting layer in soil, respectively, comparative analysis of peanut leaf photosynthetic characteristics, root-shoot dry matter accumulation, yield composition and other indicators. The experimental results showed that severe water stress treatment (H1/J1) during a single growth period after rehydration the photosynthetic characteristics of leaves could not be returned to normal levels, which inhibited the accumulation of dry matter in peanut roots and shoots. Moderate water stress treatment (H2/J2) during a single growth period after rehydration the photosynthetic super-compensation effect made the root and shoot dry matter accumulation of peanuts at the end of the growth stage higher than that of the no deficit treatment. However, continuous moderate water stress treatment (H2J2) after rehydration leaves can photosynthesize more effectively, accumulated root-shoot dry matter, and formed a favorable root-shoot ratio. In all the experiment in 2018-2019, compared with H3J3 treatment, H2J2 treatment increased yield by 12.44% (p0.05), 14.23% (p ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 36

Main heading: Plants (botany)

Controlled terms: Irrigation? - ?Oilseeds? - ?Water conservation? - ?Water resources

Uncontrolled terms: Comparative analysis? - ?Compensation effects? - ?Dry matter accumulation? - ?Experimental stations? - ?Photosynthetic characteristics? - ?Regulated deficit irrigation? - ?Split plot designs? - ?Water use efficiency

Classification code: 444 Water Resources? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 5.50e+01%, Percentage 6.50e+01%, Percentage 7.00e+01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.08.033

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

15. Design and Test of Electro-hydraulic Monitoring Device for Hitch Tillage Depth Based on Measurement of Tractor Pitch Angle

Accession number: 20213410815050

Title of translation:

Authors: Xia, Junfang (1, 2); Li, Dong (1, 2); Liu, Guoyang (1, 2); Cheng, Jian (1, 2); Zheng, Kan (1, 2); Luo, Chengming (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan; 430070, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment in Mid-lower Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan; 430070, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 8

Issue date: August 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 386-395

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Aiming at the problems of heavy and wet soil in agricultural areas in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, poor surface flatness due to machine rolling, and unstable tillage depth during farming. Firstly, the posture of the rotary tillage operation unit was analyzed, the geometric relationship between tillage depth and angle was determined, and the tillage depth control model was established. The angle displacement sensor and the tilt angle sensor were used to measure the rotation angle of the lift arm and the pitch angle of the tractor body to indirectly determine the tillage depth. Secondly, an electro-hydraulic monitoring system was designed, which can realize preset tillage depth value and display real-time tillage depth. Finally, Simulink software simulation was used to test the response speed of the tillage electro-hydraulic monitoring system. The simulation results showed that the system can reach a stable state in 0.6 s and meet the tillage depth control requirements. In the field test stage, the accuracy test of the automatic tillage depth detection system was adopted, and the test result was obtained that the system which can detect the change in the height value of the three-point suspension drop-bar suspension point caused by the tilt, and the control height was stable at the set value. The performance of the automatic detection system for tillage depth was verified. In order to test the field operation performance of tillage depth electro-hydraulic monitoring device, the designed electro-hydraulic monitoring system and the original mechanical control system were selected for comparison tests. The results showed that when the electro-hydraulic monitoring system was used for rotary tillage operations, the value of the variation coefficient of tillage depth stability was 4.28% under each working condition at most. The standard deviation of tillage depth and the coefficient of variation of tillage depth stability were both lower than that of the mechanical control system. It was verified that the electro-hydraulic monitoring system improved the stability of tillage depth and can achieve a good stable tillage effect. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 34

Main heading: Monitoring

Controlled terms: Agricultural robots? - ?Agriculture? - ?Automobile testing? - ?Control systems? - ?Software testing? - ?System stability? - ?Tractors (agricultural)? - ?Tractors (truck)

Uncontrolled terms: Agricultural areas? - ?Automatic detection systems? - ?Coefficient of variation? - ?Displacement sensor? - ?Geometric relationships? - ?Mechanical control systems? - ?Middle and lower reaches of the yangtze rivers? - ?Variation coefficient

Classification code: 662 Automobiles and Smaller Vehicles? - ?663.1 Heavy Duty Motor Vehicles? - ?723.5 Computer Applications? - ?731.1 Control Systems? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control? - ?961 Systems Science

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 4.28e+00%, Time 6.00e-01s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.08.040

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

16. Combining UAV Visible Light and Multispectral Vegetation Indices for Estimating SPAD Value of Winter Wheat

Accession number: 20213410814777

Title of translation: SPAD

Authors: Niu, Qinglin (1); Feng, Haikuan (2); Zhou, Xinguo (1); Zhu, Jianqiang (3); Yong, Beibei (1); Li, Huizhen (1)

Author affiliation: (1) Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang; 453002, China; (2) National Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing; 100097, China; (3) College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou; 434025, China

Corresponding author: Yong, Beibei(yongbeibei123@126.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 8

Issue date: August 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 183-194

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Soil and plant analyzer development (SPAD) can reflect the chlorophyll content of crop leaves, and it is an important indicator of crop health. The visible light and multispectral images of winter wheat were synchronously obtained by unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) equipped with visible light and multispectral cameras, and the SPAD value of winter wheat leaves were also obtained. The purposes were to explore the relationship between visible light vegetation indices, multispectral vegetation indices and SPAD value, estimate SPAD value by combining visible light and multispectral vegetation indices, and estimate SPAD value by using stepwise regression and random forest regression. The results were compared to select the best model for estimating SPAD value of winter wheat leaves. The results showed that SPAD value had good correlation with visible light vegetation indices (IKAW and RBRI) and multispectral vegetation indices (GNDVI, CI, GMSR and GOSAVI). Besides, SPAD value had a good correlation with the combination index of visible light vegetation index (CIVE) and multispectral vegetation index (GNDVI). The R2 of the estimation model of combination index was 0.89, the RMSE was 2.55, and nRMSE of the model verification was 6.21%, respectively. The results showed that compared with the indices of visible light vegetation and that of multispectral vegetation respectively, the model of stepwise regression and random forest regression of the combination indices of visible light vegetation and multispectral vegetation were more accurate in estimating SPAD value. The R2 of the optimal stepwise regression model of combination indices was 0.91, and the R2, RMSE and nRMSE of the model verification were 0.89, 2.32 and 5.64%, respectively. The R2 of the random forest regression model of combination indices was 0.90, and the R2, RMSE and nRMSE of the model verification were 0.88, 2.51 and 6.12%, respectively, which indicated good estimation results. The research result provided a reference for the estimation of winter wheat growth information based on the combining UAV visible light and multispectral image vegetation indices and improved the accuracy and stability of the estimation model. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 43

Main heading: Light

Controlled terms: Antennas? - ?Crops? - ?Decision trees? - ?Image enhancement? - ?Random forests? - ?Regression analysis? - ?Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)? - ?Vegetation

Uncontrolled terms: Chlorophyll contents? - ?Estimation models? - ?Estimation results? - ?Growth information? - ?Model verification? - ?Multi-spectral cameras? - ?Multispectral images? - ?Stepwise regression

Classification code: 652.1 Aircraft, General? - ?741.1 Light/Optics? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics? - ?961 Systems Science

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 2.32e+00%, Percentage 2.51e+00%, Percentage 5.64e+00%, Percentage 6.12e+00%, Percentage 6.21e+00%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.08.018

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

17. Tomato Leaf Disease Detection Method Based on Improved SOLO v2

Accession number: 20213410814776

Title of translation: SOLO v2

Authors: Liu, Wenbo (1); Ye, Tao (1); Li, Qi (2)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Electrical and Control Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an; 710021, China; (2) School of Electronic Information and Artificial Intelligence, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an; 710021, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 8

Issue date: August 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 213-220

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to achieve accurate detection of a wide range of tomato leaf diseases, an instance segmentation method was proposed based on improved SOLO v2 for tomato leaf diseases. The SOLO v2 model was adopted as the main framework, using ResNet-101 as the backbone network to fuse feature pyramid networks (FPN), optimize the convolutional structure by introducing deformable convolution, and integrate the loss factor δ into the mask loss function to detect and segment the instances on the category branch and the mask branches. By improving the model, it achieved accurate detection and segmentation of tomato leaves with complex and variable shapes, and the generalisation and robustness of the model were improved. On the basis of the public dataset of Plant Village, the data were cleaned and synthetic multi-instance images were added. The images were manually annotated to create a training set, a validation set and a test set with nine tomato leaf cases and healthy leaves. After setting the parameters and structure of the models, a performance comparison of SOLO v2 models with different depths of residual networks was carried out in the same experimental environment. Finally, model performance comparison tests of different models and the performance comparison tests of SOLO v2 models before and after optimisation were respectively conducted on the basis of the better performing residual networks. The experimental results showed that ResNet-101 performed better than ResNet-50 on SOLO v2. With the same backbone network, the SOLO v2 model reduced the processing time of a single image by 72.0% compared with Mask R-CNN and improved the mean average precision (mAP) metric by 3.2 percentage points. The enhanced model improved convergence in the training process and was less affected by the variable shape of the blade, with a final mAP of 42.3% and a single image processing time of 0.083 s, ensuring real-time operation while improving detection accuracy. The research solved the problem of identification and segmentation of diseased tomato leaves, and provided a reference for the analysis of tomato disease conditions and symptoms in automated agricultural production. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 31

Main heading: Image enhancement

Controlled terms: Agricultural robots? - ?Convolution? - ?Fruits? - ?Plants (botany)

Uncontrolled terms: Agricultural productions? - ?Detection accuracy? - ?Experimental environment? - ?Improved convergence? - ?Model performance comparisons? - ?Performance comparison? - ?Real-time operation? - ?Segmentation methods

Classification code: 716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 4.23e+01%, Percentage 7.20e+01%, Time 8.30e-02s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.08.021

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

18. Simulation of Soil Moisture Movement under Negative Pressure Micro-irrigation Based on HYDRUS-2D

Accession number: 20213410814894

Title of translation: HYDRUS-2D

Authors: Xu, Junzeng (1, 2); Liu, Weixuan (1); Wei, Qi (1); Wang, Kechun (1); Wang, Haiyu (1); Zhou, Jiaoyan (3)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing; 210098, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing; 210098, China; (3) Urban Water Scheduling and Information Management Department of Kunshan, Kunshan; 215300, China

Corresponding author: Wei, Qi(weiqi8855116@163.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 8

Issue date: August 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 287-296

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: It has important guiding significance for the selection of technological parameters of negative pressure micro-irrigation for different crops, by understanding the characteristics of soil water movement under different combinations of technical parameters of negative pressure micro-irrigation. The soil water movement inversion model under negative pressure micro-irrigation based on HYDRUS-2D model was constructed and validated by parameter inversion based on the measured moisture data in the soil bin test. The combination of negative pressure micro-irrigation technical parameters suitable for different facility crops was explored by combining the simulation results of the inverse model for much wetter characteristics of negative pressure micro-irrigation and the root distribution characteristics and water demand pattern of typical facility crops. The results showed that the HYDRUS-2D inversion model can better simulate the characteristics of the soil wetter under different water supply heads of negative pressure micro-irrigation. The determination coefficients and NSE between simulated and measured values of soil wetting distance (horizontal distance, vertical upward distance and vertical downward distance), water content and cumulative infiltration reached above 0.98 and 0.77, respectively. Both experimental and simulation results showed that there was a negative correlation between the negative pressure of the water supply head and soil water content, the cumulative infiltration and wetting distance in different directions under negative pressure micro-irrigation conditions. In addition, a suitable range of technical parameters for negative pressure micro-irrigation for different facility crops was formulated, based on the simulation results of the inverse model for different wetting bodies of negative pressure micro-irrigation and the root distribution characteristics and water demand pattern of typical facility crops. These results were important for the selection of technical parameters for negative pressure micro-irrigation in agricultural production and the promotion of new water-saving irrigation techniques. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 35

Main heading: Infiltration

Controlled terms: Agricultural robots? - ?Crops? - ?Irrigation? - ?Soil moisture? - ?Water conservation? - ?Water supply? - ?Wetting

Uncontrolled terms: Agricultural productions? - ?Cumulative infiltrations? - ?Determination coefficients? - ?Guiding significances? - ?Negative correlation? - ?Soil water movement? - ?Technological parameters? - ?Water-saving irrigation

Classification code: 444 Water Resources? - ?446.1 Water Supply Systems? - ?483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.08.030

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

19. Analysis of Evapotranspiration Characteristics of Ziziphus jujuba Mill. Orchards in Arid Areas Based on Improved S-W and Structural Equation Model

Accession number: 20213410814846

Title of translation: S-W

Authors: Qiao, Ying (1, 2); Ma, Yingjie (1); Xin, Mingliang (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi; 830052, China; (2) College of Architectural Engineering, Xinjiang Institute of Technology, Aksu; 843100, China

Corresponding author: Ma, Yingjie(xj-myj@163.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 8

Issue date: August 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 307-317

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Accurate quantification of evapotranspiration and the analysis of its control factors are of vital importance for agricultural water conservation and ecological-environmental protection. The improved Shuttleworth-Wallace (S-W) model was introduced for simulating evapotranspiration and transpiration in drip-irrigated jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) orchards in arid areas. The simulations of the S-W model were verified against measured data obtained from the eddy covariance system and measurements of a pin-type stem flowmeter for two consecutive years. The relationships between evapotranspiration in jujube orchards and influencing factors were analyzed by using the structural equation model (SEM). The S-W model showed good performance in simulating evapotranspiration and transpiration in arid areas under parameter value with a1 of 6.944 5, g0 of 0.043 9, b2 of 4.604 1, b3 of 957.110 6, achieving root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.62~0.76 mm/d, regression coefficient (b) of 0.77~0.88, determination coefficient (R2) of 0.95~0.97, index of agreement (d) of 0.92~0.94, efficiency of simulation (EF) of 0.70~0.81, ratio of RMSE to observations standard deviation (RSR) of 0.44~0.55. The results of SEM indicated that six factors explained 84% and 89% of observed variations in soil evaporation and transpiration, respectively. The coefficient of influence of plant transpiration of soil evaporation was -0.70. Leaf area index had the highest effect on plant transpiration, with total influence coefficient of 0.52, followed by air temperature with total influence coefficient of 0.44 and no indirect influence. Net radiation had the highest effect on soil evapotranspiration, followed by soil surface water content, with total influence coefficients of 0.50 and 0.49 and direct influence coefficients of 0.66 and 0.69, respectively. The results of this model confirmed that the S-W model can be served as an efficient tool for estimating evapotranspiration in jujube orchards in arid areas, whereas SEM may provide a perspective on agricultural water conservation in arid areas. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 36

Main heading: Evapotranspiration

Controlled terms: Agricultural robots? - ?Arid regions? - ?Mean square error? - ?Orchards? - ?Soils? - ?Surface waters? - ?Transpiration? - ?Water conservation

Uncontrolled terms: Accurate quantifications? - ?Determination coefficients? - ?Eddy covariance systems? - ?Efficiency of simulations? - ?Influence coefficient? - ?Regression coefficient? - ?Root mean square errors? - ?Structural equation modeling

Classification code: 444 Water Resources? - ?444.1 Surface Water? - ?461.9 Biology? - ?483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 8.40e+01%, Percentage 8.90e+01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.08.032

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

20. Automatic Ear Temperature Extraction Algorithm for Live Pigs Based on Infrared Thermography

Accession number: 20213410815055

Title of translation:

Authors: Xiao, Deqin (1); Lin, Sicong (1); Liu, Qin (1); Huang, Yigui (1); Zeng, Ruilin (1); Chen, Li (2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Mathematics and Informatics, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou; 510642, China; (2) Wens Foodstuff Group Co., Ltd., Yunfu; 527300, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 8

Issue date: August 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 255-262

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to solve the problem of pig temperature automatic extraction by infrared thermography, based on the infrared inspection device of pig body temperature in facility farm, an automatic pig ear temperature extraction algorithm IT-PETE, based on infrared thermography, was proposed to identify the ear region of pigs efficiently and accurately and extract the maximum and average values of the ear region to achieve non-contact automatic monitoring of pig body temperature. Specifically, Laplace operator was used to preprocess the thermal infrared image of pigs, then extract the ear of pigs from the thermal infrared image based on YOLO v4 and morphology, and automatically the maximum and average temperature of the ear region was obtained by combining the ear segmentation image and the temperature matrix. The detection model of pig ear region was trained by five fold cross validations, with 2 000 infrared thermal images as training and validation sets, and 400 images as test sets. The YOLO v4 detection accuracy of ear region reached 97.6%, which was 2.0 percentage points and 7.8 percentage points higher than that of Faster R-CNN and SSD, respectively. The average detection time of single frame image was 12 ms. Meanwhile, through the analysis on the correlation between the artificial statistics of the ear temperature data of 20 pigs and the body temperature extracted by the algorithm, it was obtained that the correlation between their maximum and average temperature in the ear area was 0.984 9 and 0.911 9 respectively, which showed the reliability and application of the IT-PETE algorithm to extract the body temperature data. Therefore, IT-PETE algorithm can provide technical support for automatic monitoring and early warning system of pig body temperature to a certain extent, with a good application prospect. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 26

Main heading: Mammals

Controlled terms: Extraction? - ?Image segmentation? - ?Infrared radiation? - ?Physiology? - ?Reliability analysis? - ?Thermography (imaging)

Uncontrolled terms: Application prospect? - ?Automatic extraction? - ?Automatic monitoring? - ?Early Warning System? - ?Infrared inspections? - ?Infrared thermal image? - ?Temperature extraction? - ?Thermal infrared images

Classification code: 461.9 Biology? - ?741.1 Light/Optics? - ?742.1 Photography? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 9.76e+01%, Time 1.20e-02s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.08.026

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

21. Flexible Robot Hand Based on Slider and Rocker Mechanism

Accession number: 20213410814852

Title of translation:

Authors: Yao, Xingtian (1); Wang, Xuguang (1); Zhang, Lei (1); Li, Hongbing (2); Dai, Lijuan (1); Lu, Guan (1)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Mechanical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong; 226019, China; (2) Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai; 200240, China

Corresponding author: Zhang, Lei(zhangleint@ntu.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 8

Issue date: August 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 396-405

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: A variety of the multi-finger robot hands have been developed up to now. However, most of them have weak force at the fingertip. Some of the flexible robot hands also have weak force at the fingertip. Although the soft hand with pneumatic actuation can have strong driving force, their control precision is low. A flexible robot hand based on slider and rocker mechanism was designed. It had three fingers. In each finger, the fingertip and the middle phalange were realized through a slider and rocker mechanism for which the force of the fingertip was strengthened. The tendon transmission was used for the proximal phalange, which guaranteed the driving force. The springs were used for the motion of the fingertip and proximal phalange to avoid the hard contact at the object. The spring that drove the fingertip was soft for good flexibility at initial contact. The spring that drove the proximal phalange was moderately hard to guarantee the sufficient force. The fingertip can achieve strong force through the mechanic analysis and computation. The analysis was performed on how to determine the springs. The experiments on grasping different common objects showed that the proposed robot hand had good adaptability and grasping ability. The experimental results on grasping force tests proved that the proposed robot hand can grasp much heavier objects compared with the former robot hand also designed by our research group. It can grasp an object with the maximum weight of 1.71 kg. The tests on the relationship between the normal force of the fingertip and rotational angle of the servo motor of the proximal phalange and the destruction tests on grasping some typical objects were performed. The results showed that the proposed robot hand had good flexibility. These performances indicated the usefulness of the proposed robot hand. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 25

Main heading: Robotic arms

Controlled terms: End effectors? - ?Flexible manipulators

Uncontrolled terms: Control precision? - ?Flexible robots? - ?Grasping ability? - ?Pneumatic actuation? - ?Research groups? - ?Rocker mechanisms? - ?Rotational angle? - ?Tendon transmissions

Classification code: 731.5 Robotics

Numerical data indexing: Mass 1.71e+00kg

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.08.041

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

22. Edge Detection Segmentation Method for High Spatial Resolution Remote Sensing Image Based on MSR-cut

Accession number: 20213410814931

Title of translation: MSR-cut

Authors: Yang, Zenan (1); Niu, Haipeng (1, 2); Huang, Liang (3, 4); Wang, Xiaoxuan (1); Liu, Ke (5)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Surveying and Land Information Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo; 454005, China; (2) Research Centre of Arable Land Protection and Urban-rural High-quality Development of Yellow River Basin, Jiaozuo; 454005, China; (3) Faculty of Land Resources Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming; 650093, China; (4) Surveying and Mapping Geo-Informatics Technology Research Center on Plateau Mountains of Yunnan Higher Education, Kunming; 650093, China; (5) Institute of Remote Sensing Application, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu; 610066, China

Corresponding author: Niu, Haipeng(niuhaipeng@126.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 8

Issue date: August 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 154-162

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Aiming at the over-segmentation and fuzzy edge sensitivity problems of the R-cut (Ratio cut) edge detection segmentation model for high-resolution remote sensing image segmentation, a multi-scale R-cut (Multi-scale ratio cut, MSR-cut) method was proposed for remote sensing image edge detection and segmentation. Firstly, the watershed segmentation algorithm of morphological reconstruction was used to over-segment the image to form multiple super-pixel regions; then the texture feature information entropy value, spectral feature and neighborhood mean difference normalized value of each region of the image were calculated and extracted, and the same was performed respectively. Effective measurement of qualitative and heterogeneity was made; and an evaluation function was constructed to obtain the optimal segmentation scale, and initially merged these super-pixel regions to obtain the rough segmentation result of the image; finally, combined the boundary weight information of various objects, and R was used from a global perspective. The R-cut method further merged the coarse segmentation results, the fine segmentation of the image was completed, and the final segmentation result was generated. The experiment selected high-resolution remote sensing images of different scenes, and the method was compared and analyzed with traditional R-cut edge detection segmentation, Spectral-Rcut edge detection segmentation and Textured-Rcut edge detection segmentation methods by using qualitative and quantitative methods. Experimental results showed that the MSR-cut edge detection segmentation method can effectively improve segmentation accuracy, enhance noise robustness, and achieve better segmentation visual effects. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 29

Main heading: Image segmentation

Controlled terms: Edge detection? - ?Pixels? - ?Remote sensing? - ?Scales (weighing instruments)? - ?Textures

Uncontrolled terms: High resolution remote sensing images? - ?High spatial resolution? - ?Morphological reconstruction? - ?Optimal segmentation? - ?Remote sensing images? - ?Segmentation accuracy? - ?Segmentation methods? - ?Watershed segmentation algorithm

Classification code: 943.3 Special Purpose Instruments

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.08.015

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

23. Detection Method of Clods and Stones from Impurified Potatoes Based on Improved YOLO v4 Algorithm

Accession number: 20213410814893

Title of translation: YOLO v4

Authors: Wang, Xiangyou (1); Li, Yanxing (1); Yang, Zhenyu (2); Zhang, Meng (1); Wang, Rongming (1); Cui, Lixia (1)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo; 255000, China; (2) School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo; 255000, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 8

Issue date: August 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 241-247 and 262

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: A method based on improved YOLO v4 algorithm was proposed to realize the rapid detection of clods and stones from impurified potatoes after harvest. The YOLO v4 detection model was built on CSPDarknet53 framework. The channel pruning algorithm was used to prune the model to simplify the structure and the computational cost, while under the premise of detection accuracy. Mosaic data enhancement method was used to expand the image data set (8 621 images), and the model was fine-tuned to achieve the detection of clods and stones from impurified potatoes. The test results showed that when the pruning rate was 0.8, the number of parameters of the model was reduced by 94.37%, the model size was decreased by 187.35 MB, the inference time was reduced by 24.1%, and the floating-point operations per second was compressed by 54.03%. It was shown that the performance of model can be improved by pruning. In order to verify the performance of the model, the model was compared with Faster R-CNN, Tiny-YOLO v2, YOLO v3, SSD and YOLO v4. The results showed that the mean average precision (mAP) of the model was 96.42%, the detection speed was 78.49 f/s, and the model size was 20.75 MB. The mean average precision was 11.2, 11.5, 5.65 and 10.78 percentage points higher than that of the other four algorithms and 2.1 percentage point lower than that of the YOLO v4 algorithm. The detection speed met the practical needs, and it can be applied to post-harvest potato impurity removal. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 25

Main heading: Image enhancement

Controlled terms: Digital arithmetic? - ?Removal

Uncontrolled terms: Computational costs? - ?Detection accuracy? - ?Detection methods? - ?Detection models? - ?Floating point operations per seconds? - ?Impurity removal? - ?Percentage points? - ?Pruning algorithms

Classification code: 721.1 Computer Theory, Includes Formal Logic, Automata Theory, Switching Theory, Programming Theory

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 2.41e+01%, Percentage 5.40e+01%, Percentage 9.44e+01%, Percentage 9.64e+01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.08.024

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

24. Spatial Stratification Mode and Differentiation Evaluation for Accuracy Assessment of Remote Sensing Classification

Accession number: 20213410814848

Title of translation:

Authors: Wu, Ya’nan (1); Dong, Shiwei (2, 3); Xiao, Cong (2, 3); Li, Xican (1); Pan, Yuchun (2, 3); Niu, Chong (4)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an; 271018, China; (2) Beijing Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing; 100097, China; (3) National Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing; 100097, China; (4) Geological Surveying and Mapping Institute of Shandong Province, Ji’nan; 250014, China

Corresponding author: Dong, Shiwei(dshiwei2006@163.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 8

Issue date: August 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 147-153

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to evaluate the sampling accuracy of remote sensing classification, taking Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei remote sensing data products with different spatial resolutions as an example, the internal and boundary objects of remote sensing image were firstly divided based on land use types, and different spatial stratification modes were constructed, including without considering internal and boundary objects, considering boundary objects, considering internal objects, both considering internal and boundary objects. Secondly, direct land use types, image eight-neighborhoods algorithm, multi-scale spatial differentiation method, coupling method of image eight-neighborhoods and multi-scale spatial differentiation were adopted for spatial stratification, respectively. Finally, a comparative experiment of K-means clustering method was set up, and the differentiation effects of different spatial stratification modes were quantitatively evaluated based on geographic detector. The results suggested that the mean and standard deviation of q of the corresponding five groups of sampling sites for the spatial stratification modes of without considering internal and boundary (6 strata), considering boundary (12 strata), considering internal (18 strata), both considering internal and boundary objects (24 strata), K-means (12, 18, 24 strata) in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei regions were 0.252±0.022 66, 0.259±0.022 45, 0.321±0.019 01, 0.318±0.018 06, 0.269±0.006 98, 0.304±0.010 56, and 0.317±0.011 25, respectively. Internal objects played a leading role for spatial stratification differentiation and boundary objects slightly improved spatial stratification differentiation, and the number of strata also affected the differentiation of spatial stratification. The research results can better understand the contributions of internal and boundary objects on improving spatial stratification differentiation, and had a certain research value and guiding significance for developing spatial stratification methods with high differentiation. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 28

Main heading: Remote sensing

Controlled terms: Cluster analysis? - ?K-means clustering? - ?Land use

Uncontrolled terms: Beijing-tianjin-hebei regions? - ?Comparative experiments? - ?K-means clustering method? - ?Mean and standard deviations? - ?Remote sensing classification? - ?Remote sensing images? - ?Spatial differentiation? - ?Spatial stratifications

Classification code: 403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development? - ?723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.08.014

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

25. Preparation of Curcumin Fat-emulsion by Enzyme-assisted Emulsification

Accession number: 20213410814916

Title of translation:

Authors: Jiang, Lianzhou (1); Sun, Mingyue (1); Tong, Xiaohong (1); Cheng, Xiaoyi (1); Cui, Wenyu (1); Wang, Huan (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China

Corresponding author: Wang, Huan(whname@neau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 8

Issue date: August 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 346-354

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Fat-emulsions were prepared with alkaline protease assistance of soybean extrudate powders. Protein and phospholipid produced by enzymatic hydrolysis of the soybean extrudate powders were used as emulsifier to prepare natural curcumin fat-emulsion. The particle size, Zeta potential and microstructure of protein in fat-emulsion were characterized by measuring hydrodynamic radius and its distribution, confocal laser scanning microscope and fluorescence spectrum were used for the fluorescence intensity assays. The stability of fat emulsion loaded curcumin and the loading effect of curcumin were evaluated by oxidation stability, encapsulation efficiency and bioavailability. The results revealed that with the increase of addition of curcumin, the average particle size of fat-emulsions was increased first and then got stability. When the curcumin was added at 0.6%, the max absolute value of Zeta potential was 38.67 mV and the particle size of fat-emulsion was only 1 127.42 nm. The subsequent increase in average particle size were not significant. The laser confocal scanning microscope observed that the oil droplets and protein in the emulsion were more evenly distributed, forming well-wrapped droplet. The POV value was only 3.15 mmol/kg, and the TBARS value was 0.56 mmol/kg, exhibited excellent stability after 21 days storage. The encapsulation efficiency of the fat-emulsion and the bioavailability after the intestinal conditions of curcumin was respectively as high as 72.58% and 55.22% at 0.6%. Fluorescence spectroscopy showed that the fluorescence intensity of protein in fat-emulsions was reduced because of excess curcumin. Therefore, when the amount of curcumin was 0.6%, the novel fat-emulsions with high stability and great transport effect can be prepared by the enzymatic assisted method. These findings may be helpful for designing delivery emulsions to improve the bioavailability of lipophilic substances. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 33

Main heading: Emulsification

Controlled terms: Biochemistry? - ?Drops? - ?Efficiency? - ?Enzymatic hydrolysis? - ?Fluorescence? - ?Fluorescence spectroscopy? - ?Ostwald ripening? - ?Particle size? - ?Phospholipids? - ?Powders ? - ?Stability? - ?Zeta potential

Uncontrolled terms: Average particle size? - ?Confocal laser scanning microscope? - ?Encapsulation efficiency? - ?Fluorescence intensities? - ?Fluorescence spectra? - ?Hydrodynamic Radius? - ?Laser Confocal Scanning microscopes? - ?Oxidation stability

Classification code: 741.1 Light/Optics? - ?741.3 Optical Devices and Systems? - ?801.2 Biochemistry? - ?801.3 Colloid Chemistry? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations? - ?804.1 Organic Compounds? - ?913.1 Production Engineering

Numerical data indexing: Age 5.75e-02yr, Molality 3.15e-03mol/kg, Molality 5.60e-04mol/kg, Percentage 5.52e+01%, Percentage 6.00e-01%, Percentage 7.26e+01%, Size 1.27e-07m, Voltage 3.87e-02V

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.08.036

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

26. Structural Design and Performance Analysis of Thermal Insulation Layer and Heat Storage Medium for Greenhouse Heat Storage

Accession number: 20213410814899

Title of translation:

Authors: Li, Jianming (1, 2); Wang, Hao (1, 2); Hu, Yixin (1, 2); Song, Lei (1, 2); Wang, Qingxia (1, 2); Xiao, Jinxin (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; 712100, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Northwest Facility Horticulture Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling; 712100, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 8

Issue date: August 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 329-337

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Aiming to realize the span-time heat storage of the greenhouse heat storage device and release the heat slowly, the design of thermal insulation materials outside the hot water storage tank and the structure of the water tank were optimized, the relationship between the combination of phase change materials inside the water tank and heat storage and release were studied. Experiments showed that the combination of thermal insulation coating+aerogel+rubber-plastic thermal insulation cotton had a better thermal insulation effect. It reduced heat dissipation by 0.367 MJ per unit time compared with a single thermal insulation material. And it was better to set the thickness of the water tank insulation material in the range of 80~120 mm. The volume of the greenhouse heat storage device was 6~10 m3 and the cylindrical water tank with a height-to-diameter ratio of 1:1 had low cost and good heat storage effect. The composite phase change material combination increased the heat storage of water tank, the heat release process was optimized and the effect of slow heat release in stages was realized. A calculation model for the actual heat storage of the water tank was established with the size of the water tank and the phase change filling volume. Applying this model, the hot water storage tank was configured according to the heat load of different regions and the heat storage time of the water tank. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 23

Main heading: Thermal insulation

Controlled terms: Aerogels? - ?Greenhouse effect? - ?Greenhouses? - ?Heat pump systems? - ?Heat storage? - ?Phase change materials? - ?Rubber? - ?Storage (materials)? - ?Structural design? - ?Thermal insulating materials ? - ?Virtual storage? - ?Water? - ?Water tanks

Uncontrolled terms: Composite phase change materials? - ?Height-to-diameter ratio? - ?Hot water storage tanks? - ?Insulation materials? - ?Performance analysis? - ?Thermal insulation coatings? - ?Thermal insulation layer? - ?Thermal insulation materials

Classification code: 408.1 Structural Design, General? - ?413.2 Heat Insulating Materials? - ?446.1 Water Supply Systems? - ?451 Air Pollution? - ?616.1 Heat Exchange Equipment and Components? - ?694.4 Storage? - ?722.1 Data Storage, Equipment and Techniques? - ?801.3 Colloid Chemistry? - ?818.1 Natural Rubber? - ?821.6 Farm Buildings and Other Structures

Numerical data indexing: Energy 3.67e+05J, Size 8.00e-02m to 1.20e-01m, Volume 6.00e+00m3 to 1.00e+01m3

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.08.034

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

27. Design and Experiment on Side Deep and Layered Fertilizing and Seeding Components of No-tillage Planter

Accession number: 20213410814934

Title of translation:

Authors: Zhao, Yanzhong (1); Wang, Yong (1); Gong, Zhenping (2); Yang, Yueqian (1); Zhao, Shuhong (1); Gou, Jinbao (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China; (2) College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China

Corresponding author: Zhao, Shuhong(shhzh091@sina.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 8

Issue date: August 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 40-50

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Aiming at the problems of straw stubble distribution inhomogeneity, inconsistent soil compaction on both sides of the seeding belt due to side deep fertilizing, which causes the problems of lateral instability and ridge-dropping of the no-tillage planter, at the same time, in order to lessen the number of times the topdressing equipment enters the ground and maximize the fertilizer utilization rate, the side deep and layered fertilizing and seeding components of no-tillage planter was designed, which could apply the base fertilizer laterally and deeply and distribute the seed manure vertically. Also, the field experiments were carried out on the parameters that affected the lateral stability of the no-tillage planter and the operating quality. The influence factors of the field experiments included the disc diameter, disc angle and disc dipping of staggered double disc fertilizer ditch opener. Evaluation indices included the forward resistance, lateral force and ditching depth stability coefficient. The results showed that when the disc diameter was 352 mm, the disc angle was 14°, and the disc dipping was 7.5°, the forward resistance of the staggered double disc fertilizer ditch opener was 585.96 N, the lateral force of the staggered double disc fertilizer ditch opener was 181.95 N, and the ditching depth stability coefficient was 91.46%. The prototype performance experiment results showed that the seed fertilizer vertical distance qualification rate was 91.7%, the seed fertilizer lateral distance qualification rate was 92.4%, the sowing depth variation coefficient was 10.7%, and the sowing width variation coefficient was 28.4%, which could satisfy the side deep fertilizing and sowing quality requirements. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 36

Main heading: Fertilizers

Controlled terms: Seed? - ?Soil mechanics? - ?Stability

Uncontrolled terms: Lateral instability? - ?Lateral stability? - ?No-tillage planter? - ?Performance experiment? - ?Quality requirements? - ?Stability coefficient? - ?Utilization rates? - ?Variation coefficient

Classification code: 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?804 Chemical Products Generally? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products

Numerical data indexing: Force 1.82e+02N, Force 5.86e+02N, Percentage 1.07e+01%, Percentage 2.84e+01%, Percentage 9.15e+01%, Percentage 9.17e+01%, Percentage 9.24e+01%, Size 3.52e-01m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.08.004

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

28. Permanent Basic Farmland Delineation Model Based on Multi-objective Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm

Accession number: 20213410815030

Title of translation:

Authors: Wang, Hua (1); Chen, Mengqi (1); Cai, Enxiang (2); Liu, Dianfeng (3); Chen, Xueye (4)

Author affiliation: (1) Henan Key Laboratory of Food Safety Data Intelligence, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou; 450002, China; (2) College of Resource and Environment Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou; 450002, China; (3) College of Resource and Environment Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan; 430079, China; (4) Key Laboratory of Urban Land Resources Monitoring and Simulation, Ministry of Natural Resources, Shenzhen; 518034, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 8

Issue date: August 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 138-146 and 171

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: The problem of delimiting permanent basic farmland is essentially a multi-objective optimization problem. The traditional delimitation method can not take into account the quality and continuity of permanent basic farmland, and it can not balance the relationship between agriculture and urban development. A multi-objective permanent basic definition model was proposed based on particle swarm optimization algorithm. This model defined the general rules for delineating permanent basic farmland, the formal expression of delineation goals and constraints, and extracted three sub-goals-land suitability, land continuity, and land stability. At the same time, the model took into account four types of constraints, including the total area of permanent basic farmland, land use, terrain basic conditions, and town boundaries. It also described the coding and initialization methods of the algorithm, the particle position and speed update mechanism, the fitness function design, and the overall process. Finally, Xun County, Henan Province, was selected as the research area, and set up control experiments according to different target preferences. The results showed that the model was operable in the study of the delineation of permanent basic farmland, which can effectively reduce the subjectivity and arbitrariness in the delineation process, making the delineation of permanent basic farmland more scientific and reasonable. This would be conducive to improving the quality and production capacity of cultivated land, thereby ensuring national food security and ecological security. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 25

Main heading: Farms

Controlled terms: Agricultural robots? - ?Food supply? - ?Land use? - ?Multiobjective optimization? - ?Particle swarm optimization (PSO)? - ?Urban growth

Uncontrolled terms: Control experiments? - ?Ecological security? - ?Fitness function designs? - ?Initialization methods? - ?Multi-objective optimization problem? - ?Multi-objective particle swarm optimization algorithms? - ?Particle swarm optimization algorithm? - ?Production capacity

Classification code: 403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development? - ?403.1 Urban Planning and Development? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control? - ?822.3 Food Products? - ?921.5 Optimization Techniques

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.08.013

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

29. Design and Experiment of Driving Stubble Cutter for Corn Strip with Less Tillage Operation

Accession number: 20213410814878

Title of translation:

Authors: Wang, Jiayi (1); Zhao, Shuhong (1); Yang, Zhijie (1); Gao, Lianlong (1); Yang, Yueqian (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China

Corresponding author: Zhao, Shuhong(shhzh091@sina.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 8

Issue date: August 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 51-61

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Aiming at the phenomenon such as large amount of soil tillage, low rainfall in spring and high resistance to tillage, a strip-type operation method with less tillage was proposed, and a driving stubble cutter was designed. By analyzing the working condition of the driven stubble cutter, the tillage resistance of the stubble cutter can be reduced when the sliding angle of the stubble cutter was greater than or equal to the friction angle of the stubble or soil in contact with it. Combined with the measurement of sliding friction angle between stubble and soil and the speed of stubble cutter, the curve equation of blade edge was determined. The stress state of the stubble was further analyzed and the friction angle between materials was measured, and the radius of the driven stubble cutter was 230 mm. Finally, the driven stubble cutter was obtained by determining the geometric size, cutter shaft and cutter head of the blade. Then, the finite element simulation model was used to verify the stability and performance of stubble cutter, and the discrete element simulation experiment was used to compare the performance and effect of stubble cutter operation. The results of the analysis and verification of the finite element simulation modal showed that the driven stubble cutter met the design requirements. The experimental results of discrete element simulation showed that the tillage resistance of the driven stubble cutter was 19.78% lower than that of the driven disc cutter, and the amount of soil throwing was 13.95% lower than that of the driven disc cutter. Therefore, the performance of driven stubble cutter in tillage resistance and soil moving capacity was better. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 39

Main heading: Finite element method

Controlled terms: Agriculture? - ?Friction? - ?Soils

Uncontrolled terms: Analysis and verifications? - ?Discrete element simulation? - ?Finite element simulation model? - ?Finite element simulations? - ?Friction angles? - ?Geometric sizes? - ?Operation methods? - ?Sliding friction

Classification code: 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control? - ?921.6 Numerical Methods

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.39e+01%, Percentage 1.98e+01%, Size 2.30e-01m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.08.005

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

30. Apple Quality Detection Based on Photon Transmission Simulation and Convolutional Neural Network

Accession number: 20213410815054

Title of translation:

Authors: Xu, Huanliang (1); Sun, Yunxiao (1); Cao, Xuelian (1); Ji, Chengming (1); Chen, Long (1); Wang, Haoyun (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Artificial Intelligence, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing; 210095, China

Corresponding author: Wang, Haoyun(wanghy@njau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 8

Issue date: August 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 338-345

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Aiming at the problem of large detection errors caused by insufficient sample quantity in traditional fruit and vegetable quality detection methods, an apple quality detection method based on photon transmission simulation under surface light source was proposed. Taking apples as the research object, Monte Carlo method was used to simulate the motion trajectory of photons on the apple double-layer flat model, totally 20 000 apple tissue surface brightness distribution maps were quickly obtained, optical parameters were used as labels, and input convolutional neural network training was used to obtain the model. The fine-tuning migration was applied to a small number of data sets of measured apple spectral images to realize the inversion of optical characteristic parameters. Finally, the output result of the fully connected layer of the network model was associated with the quality of the apple, so as to realize the non-destructive testing of the sugar content and hardness of the apple. The final result was that the inversion accuracy of pulp absorption coefficient μa2 was 93.24%, and the inversion accuracy of pulp scattering coefficient μs2 was 92.54%. The prediction accuracy of sugar content and hardness of the quality classification model were improved by 5.87 and 6.48 percentage points compared with that of the traditional method. The determination coefficient of sugar content and hardness of the quality regression model was improved by 0.139 7 and 0.088 compared with that of the traditional method. Compared with the pre-trained model based on point light source, it also achieved better results. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 27

Main heading: Convolutional neural networks

Controlled terms: Convolution? - ?Fruits? - ?Hardness? - ?Light? - ?Light sources? - ?Light transmission? - ?Monte Carlo methods? - ?Multilayer neural networks? - ?Network layers? - ?Nondestructive examination ? - ?Photons? - ?Regression analysis? - ?Spectroscopy

Uncontrolled terms: Absorption co-efficient? - ?Determination coefficients? - ?Fruit and vegetables? - ?Non destructive testing? - ?Optical characteristic parameters? - ?Photon transmission? - ?Quality classification? - ?Scattering co-efficient

Classification code: 716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing? - ?723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications? - ?741.1 Light/Optics? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics? - ?931.3 Atomic and Molecular Physics? - ?951 Materials Science

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 9.25e+01%, Percentage 9.32e+01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.08.035

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

31. Intelligent Design System and Evaluation Method of Potato Harvester Excavator

Accession number: 20213410814904

Title of translation:

Authors: Wang, Fenghua (1); Xiong, Haihui (1); Lai, Qinghui (1); Liu, Zhiying (1); Chen, Kefan (1); Lu, Chaoyu (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Agricultural and Food, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming; 650500, China

Corresponding author: Lai, Qinghui(laiqinghui007@163.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 8

Issue date: August 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 86-97

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Aiming at the problems of low design efficiency and difficult to acquire and apply design knowledge efficiently, an intelligent design system for excavating device of potato harvester was constructed. Based on the collection of mining shovel design rules, the knowledge of mining device design was expressed and stored by production, frame and mixed knowledge representation methods, and the knowledge base of intelligent design system was established. Visual Studio software was used to build a knowledge management system to realize the management of rule class and instance class knowledge. The reasoning mechanism of intelligent design system was discussed by using the method of rule-based and case-based forward reasoning. Based on SolidWorks secondary development technology, parametric modeling of mining device was realized. Based on excavating resistance analysis and RecurDyn-EDEM co-simulation test, the working performance evaluation system of excavating device was constructed. With Visual Studio as the development platform, VB.NET as the development language, SolidWorks API interface technology and MySQL data management method were applied to realize the integration and joint application of design knowledge base, knowledge management system, inference machine, parametric model base and evaluation system, and an intelligent design system for excavating device of potato harvester was established. An example of excavating shovel was designed with the system, and its performance was evaluated and analyzed. The results showed that the traction force required by the excavating shovel example was 856.24 N, and the traction resistance of the simulation test was 724.81 N, the exposture rate and the damaged rate were 97.22% and 1.43%, and the excavating shovel example met the design requirements. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 29

Main heading: Knowledge representation

Controlled terms: Application programming interfaces (API)? - ?Case based reasoning? - ?Excavators? - ?Harvesters? - ?Knowledge acquisition? - ?Knowledge based systems? - ?Knowledge management? - ?Shovels? - ?Studios? - ?Visual languages

Uncontrolled terms: Development platform? - ?Intelligent design systems? - ?Interface technology? - ?Knowledge management system? - ?Knowledge representation method? - ?Reasoning mechanism? - ?Resistance analysis? - ?Secondary development

Classification code: 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications? - ?821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment

Numerical data indexing: Force 7.25e+02N, Force 8.56e+02N, Percentage 1.43e+00%, Percentage 9.72e+01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.08.008

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

32. Preparation, Characterization and Physicochemical Properties of β-carotene Emulsion Gel Microspheres

Accession number: 20213410814844

Title of translation: β-

Authors: Jiang, Lianzhou (1); Liao, Peilong (1); Lian, Ziteng (1); Tian, Tian (1); Yan, Ren (1); Wang, Huan (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China

Corresponding author: Wang, Huan(whname@neau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 8

Issue date: August 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 355-362

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: As an important biologically active substance, β-carotene has poor stability and low bioavailability, which greatly limits its application in food. Soybean protein isolate (SPI) was used as water phase, corn oil as oil phase to form a multilayer emulsion with chitosan and sodium alginate, which was cross-linked with Ca2+ to prepare β-carotene microspheres. The effects of mass fractions of chitosan and sodium alginate on the stability and β-carotene release characteristics of emulsion and gel microspheres were studied by analyzing the particle size, ζ-potential, emulsification stability, interfacial protein adsorption capacity, embedding rate of β-carotene, scanning electron microscope, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and in vitro release. The results showed that when the mass fractions of chitosan was 2.0%, the stability of the secondary emulsion was the best, and the embedding rate of β-carotene was up to (64.82±0.31)%, when the mass fractions of of sodium alginate reached 2.0%, the embedding efficiency of β-carotene in the three-layer emulsion was significantly increased, with the value of (86.75±2.00)%. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) indicated the electrostatic interaction between sodium alginate and chitosan. The dried gel microspheres were spherical and the structure of gel microspheres became more compact with the increase of sodium alginate concentration. In addition, in vitro release experiments showed that the gel microspheres had the function of continuous release. Emulsion gel microspheres can be used as a potential sustained-release system for β-carotene. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 39

Main heading: Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

Controlled terms: Biochemistry? - ?Chitosan? - ?Embeddings? - ?Emulsification? - ?Microspheres? - ?Multilayers? - ?Particle size? - ?Physicochemical properties? - ?Proteins? - ?Scanning electron microscopy ? - ?Sodium? - ?Sodium alginate? - ?Sodium metallography? - ?Soybean oil? - ?Stability

Uncontrolled terms: Biologically active substances? - ?Embedding efficiency? - ?ITS applications? - ?Protein adsorption capacity? - ?Release characteristics? - ?Soybean protein isolates (SPI)? - ?Structure of gel? - ?Sustained release

Classification code: 549.1 Alkali Metals? - ?801 Chemistry? - ?801.2 Biochemistry? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations? - ?804.1 Organic Compounds

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 2.00e+00%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.08.037

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

33. Rice Panicle Detection Method Based on Improved Faster R-CNN

Accession number: 20213410814791

Title of translation: Faster R-CNN

Authors: Zhang, Yuanqin (1); Xiao, Deqin (1); Chen, Huankun (1); Liu, Youfu (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Mathematics and Informatics, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou; 510642, China

Corresponding author: Xiao, Deqin(deqinx@scau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 8

Issue date: August 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 231-240

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Rice panicle detection is the core research basis of automatic rice panicle counting and rice yield estimation. Due to the density and small size of rice panicle, the size of rice panicle varies greatly at different growth stages, which brings great challenges to the effective and accurate detection of rice panicle. In order to quickly and accurately count the number of rice panicle in the video monitoring area, a rice panicle detection method based on improved Faster R-CNN was proposed. In order to deal with the problem of small target of rice panicle, dilated convolution was introducedon the basis of Inception_ResNet-v2 to optimize the solution. For the problem that rice panicle size varied greatly in different growing periods, K-means clustering aiming at the scale of label box was designed, so as to provide prior knowledge for region proposal network and improve the detection accuracy. In addition, in view of the particularity of the detection target, ROIAlign was used instead of ROIPooling to improve the extraction accuracy of ROI. Using the Faster R-CNN as the basic network and combining the above optimization strategy, a method was proposed for rice panicle detection based on the improved Faster R-CNN. During the experimental test, three data sets were made based on the differences in phenotypic characteristics of rice panicle at different developmental stages, and selected 10 as the best cluster number feasible in practice according to the experimental results. A large number of results showed that the rice panicle detection mAP of this algorithm reached 80.3%, which was 2.4 percentage points higher than that of the original Faster R-CNN model without improved strategy. And compared with SSD and YOLO series model, it had a greater improvement. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 26

Main heading: Convolutional neural networks

Controlled terms: K-means clustering

Uncontrolled terms: Detection accuracy? - ?Detection methods? - ?Detection targets? - ?Developmental stage? - ?Different growth stages? - ?Experimental test? - ?Extraction accuracy? - ?Optimization strategy

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 8.03e+01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.08.023

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

34. Design and Test of Key Components of Ploughshare Potato Field Cultivator in Sandy Loam

Accession number: 20213410814928

Title of translation:

Authors: Lü, Jinqing (1); Liu, Qihui (1); Yang, Deqiu (2); Li, Jicheng (1); Liu, Zhongyuan (1); Yu, Jing (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China; (2) Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Sciences, Beijing; 100083, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 8

Issue date: August 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 27-39

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to solve the problems of serious soil backflow and poor ridge consistency after the potato field cultivator operation in the early stage of potato emergence in the sandy loam environment, a type of ploughshare potato field cultivator was designed, and its main structure and working principle were described. The structural parameters of the shaping device on the potato field cultivator were designed, and the main factors affecting the effect of potato field cultivation were determined by analyzing the soil particle dynamics through the physical properties of sandy loam soil. Using EDEM simulation test, the distance between the soil plow and the soil cultivator on the ploughshare potato field cultivator and the operating speed of the potato field cultivator were used as the experimental factors, the soil return amount and the fit of the ridge shape after the simulation operation were used as the evaluation index, and the second orthogonal rotation test was carried out. According to the simulation test results, the test factors were optimized and analyzed. The results showed that when the distance between the potato field cultivator plow and the soil cultivator was 600 mm, and the field cultivator’s operating speed was 1.3 m/s, the soil return amount was 12.3%, and the ridge shape was fitted. The degree was 0.024. Field experiments on the optimized data showed that the ploughshare potato field cultivator developed had soil return amount of 12.5%, soil ridge consistency of 98.3%, the soil disturbance coefficient was 67%, soil crushing rate of 94.7%, and soil cultivation height of 8.4 cm, the fuel consumption was 14.6 kg/hm2, which met the requirements of potato field cultivation. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 34

Main heading: Agricultural machinery

Controlled terms: Cultivation? - ?Soil conditioners? - ?Soil surveys? - ?Soil testing? - ?Soils

Uncontrolled terms: Evaluation index? - ?Experimental factors? - ?Field cultivation? - ?Field cultivators? - ?Field experiment? - ?Orthogonal rotations? - ?Soil disturbances? - ?Structural parameter

Classification code: 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.23e+01%, Percentage 1.25e+01%, Percentage 6.70e+01%, Percentage 9.47e+01%, Percentage 9.83e+01%, Size 6.00e-01m, Size 8.40e-02m, Velocity 1.30e+00m/s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.08.003

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

35. Design and Experiment of Single Motor Reciprocating Grape Pruning Machine

Accession number: 20213410814857

Title of translation:

Authors: Zhang, Jiaxi (1); Huang, Tao (1); Wang, Maobo (2)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi; 830052, China; (2) Urumqi Yunik Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Urumqi; 830052, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 8

Issue date: August 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 106-116

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Aiming at the problems of low pruning rate and large stubble area in grape stalk pruning process, a kind of single motor reciprocating grape pruning machine was designed. The machine was composed of shearing device, obstacle avoidance device and hydraulic control system. The structure and working principle of reciprocating grape pruning machine were introduced, the shearing process was analyzed through the force analysis of the causes of the stem missing shear and the Matlab software was used to analyze the causes of stubble. The cutting speed, advancing speed, tool clearance were analyzed and calculated, and the value range was determined. The cutting speed range was 1.14~2.02 m/s, the feed rate range was 0.83~1.63 m/s, and the tool clearance was 0.3~0.7 mm. The effects of various factors on the stalk shear effect were studied by orthogonal test, a multiple quadratic regression model was established with the response values of shear rate and stubble rate. The results showed that when the cutting speed was 1.66 m/s, the feed speed was 1.46 m/s and the tool clearance was 0.47 mm, the stalk shear net rate and the pruning rate were 91.71% and 3.70% of stubble area, respectively. Verification tests were carried out under this condition, and the net shear rate and pruning rate were 90.66% and 4.71% of stubble area, respectively, which were close to the predicted value, indicating that the established model was reasonable. The order of the influence of the factors on the net shear rate was: cutting speed, tool clearance, and advancing speed; the order of the factors on pruning rate was: advancing speed, cutting speed, and tool clearance. The research results can provide a theoretical basis for the subsequent structural improvement and performance improvement of the reciprocating grape pruning machine. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 25

Main heading: Shearing machines

Controlled terms: MATLAB? - ?Regression analysis? - ?Shear deformation? - ?Shear flow? - ?Shearing? - ?Speed

Uncontrolled terms: Hydraulic control systems? - ?Matlab- software? - ?Orthogonal test? - ?Quadratic regression? - ?Research results? - ?Shearing process? - ?Structural improvements? - ?Verification tests

Classification code: 603.1 Machine Tools, General? - ?604.1 Metal Cutting? - ?631.1 Fluid Flow, General? - ?921 Mathematics? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 3.70e+00%, Percentage 4.71e+00%, Percentage 9.07e+01%, Percentage 9.17e+01%, Size 3.00e-04m to 7.00e-04m, Size 4.70e-04m, Velocity 1.14e+00m/s to 2.02e+00m/s, Velocity 1.46e+00m/s, Velocity 1.66e+00m/s, Velocity 8.30e-01m/s to 1.63e+00m/s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.08.010

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

36. Dynamic Modeling with Joint Friction of 3-PRS Parallel Mechanism

Accession number: 20213410814806

Title of translation: 3-PRS

Authors: Chen, Guoqiang (1); Zhou, Hongpeng (1); Huang, Junjie (1); Dai, Jun (1); Bai, Bingxin (1); Liu, Mengchao (1)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo; 454000, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 8

Issue date: August 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 416-426

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to research the influence of friction on the operation of the parallel mechanism, the dynamic analysis of the 3-PRS parallel mechanism based on joint friction was carried out. Firstly, the ideal terminal motion trajectory of the 3-PRS parallel mechanism was planned, and the mechanism had three degrees of freedom (DOFs), including two rotation DOFs and one movement DOFs. The vector motion was used to analyze the kinematics of the mechanism, and the velocity and acceleration of each component were analyzed. Secondly, three joint friction models, including Coulomb friction model, Coulomb-viscous friction model and Coulomb-viscous-static friction model were proposed. Under the condition of applying friction between joints, the dynamic modeling of the components and the overall structure of the 3-PRS parallel mechanism was established based on the Newton-Euler method. Finally, the influence of load on the friction of each joint was analyzed. The specified ideal motion trajectory was applied to the terminal of the mechanism. According to the inverse dynamics, the influence of joint friction on the slider driving force was analyzed and the maximum errors of the three slider driving forces were 1.40%, 1.51% and 1.49%, respectively. The three slider driving forces from the inverse dynamics were taken as the main driving forces of the 3-PRS parallel mechanism, and the influence on the terminal motion trajectory caused by the different friction models between joints was analyzed through forward dynamics. The research results showed that the terminal motion trajectory of the 3-PRS parallel mechanism had great impact under different joint friction models. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 26

Main heading: Mechanisms

Controlled terms: Degrees of freedom (mechanics)? - ?Stiction? - ?Trajectories

Uncontrolled terms: Coulomb friction models? - ?Motion trajectories? - ?Newton-Euler methods? - ?Parallel mechanisms? - ?Research results? - ?Static friction models? - ?Three degrees of freedom? - ?Viscous friction

Classification code: 601.3 Mechanisms? - ?931.1 Mechanics

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.40e+00%, Percentage 1.49e+00%, Percentage 1.51e+00%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.08.043

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

37. Inter-line Pose Estimation and Fruit Tree Location Method for Orchard Robot

Accession number: 20213410814808

Title of translation:

Authors: Bi, Song (1); Wang, Yuhao (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Electrical and Control Engineering, North China University of Technology, Beijing; 100041, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 8

Issue date: August 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 16-26 and 39

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Because the monocular camera lacks of depth information, it was difficult to use this kind of camera to estimate robot pose in the line of fruit tree and measure distance accurately. Under this research background, a method was proposed to calculate yaw angle, lateral offset, and fruit tree position based on instance segmentation neural network. Firstly, based on the Mask R-CNN model, the road and tree trunks were detected, and their masks were extracted. Secondly, to calculate the vanishing point, the boundary equations were identified based on convex hull and Hough transform, and the vanishing point coordinates were calculated by solving the equation. Finally, according to the established pose-road imaging geometric model, the yaw angle, lateral offset and relative position of the fruit tree were calculated. The experimental results showed that the boundary regression accuracy of the improved Mask R-CNN model was 0.564, the segmentation accuracy was 0.559, and the average inference time was 110 ms. Based on the method, the yaw angle estimation error was 2.91%, and the lateral offset error was 4.82%. For fruit tree positioning, the lateral error was 3.80% and the longitudinal error was 2.65%. At various data collection sites, the method could stably extract road and fruit tree masks, calculate vanishing point coordinates and boundary equations, in addition, the yaw angle, lateral displacement and relative position of fruit trees could be estimated more accurately. Under orchard conditions, it could further improve the visual navigation effect and the intelligent level of agricultural equipment. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 24

Main heading: Orchards

Controlled terms: Agricultural robots? - ?Cameras? - ?Convolutional neural networks? - ?Errors? - ?Forestry? - ?Fruits? - ?Hough transforms? - ?Roads and streets? - ?Robots? - ?Trees (mathematics)

Uncontrolled terms: Agricultural equipment? - ?Boundary equations? - ?Geometric modeling? - ?Lateral displacements? - ?Monocular cameras? - ?Relative positions? - ?Segmentation accuracy? - ?Yaw angle estimation errors

Classification code: 406.2 Roads and Streets? - ?731.5 Robotics? - ?742.2 Photographic Equipment? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?921.3 Mathematical Transformations? - ?921.4 Combinatorial Mathematics, Includes Graph Theory, Set Theory

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 2.65e+00%, Percentage 2.91e+00%, Percentage 3.80e+00%, Percentage 4.82e+00%, Time 1.10e-01s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.08.002

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

38. Abandonment Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Cultivated Land Abandonment in Major Crop-producing Areas

Accession number: 20213410814871

Title of translation:

Authors: Zhou, Dingyang (1); Wu, Jianqiao (1); Wen, Wen (2); Jiang, Guanghui (1); Li, Yuling (1); Li, Guangyong (3)

Author affiliation: (1) Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing; 100875, China; (2) Henan Land Consolidation and Rehabilitation, Zhengzhou; 450016, China; (3) National Geomatics Center of China, Beijing; 100830, China

Corresponding author: Jiang, Guanghui(macrophage@bnu.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 8

Issue date: August 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 127-137

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Accurately grasping the characteristics and influencing factors of cultivated land abandonment in major grain producing areas is significant for ensuring food security and strengthening cultivated land protection. Henan Province was taken as the research area. Based on the identification of the distribution of abandoned farmland, an abandonment degree index was proposed to describe the overall characteristics and spatial distribution of abandoned land. At the same time, the Geodetector model was used to reveal the formation mechanism of farmland abandonment at the county scale. Results showed that in 2015, the abandoned land area in Henan Province was 174 419.46 hm2, and the overall abandoned rate was about 2.15%. There were different degrees of abandoned land in 158 counties of the province. The spatial distribution of abandoned farmland was generally in an inverted “T” pattern. The cultivated land abandonment in Henan Province was affected by many factors, among which the outflow of population was the direct factor, the fragmentation of cultivated land was the indirect factor, and the low income of agricultural production was the fundamental factor. According to the characteristics of abandoned land, the research area was classified into three types: population constrained area, production condition constrained area, and economic condition constrained area. It was necessary to adopt orderly measures to promote the transfer of agricultural land according to local conditions, strengthen construction of high-standard farmland, and implement economic incentives. Thus the rational and effective use of cultivated land could be promoted. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 39

Main heading: Farms

Controlled terms: Agricultural robots? - ?Food supply? - ?Land use? - ?Spatial distribution

Uncontrolled terms: Abandoned farmland? - ?Agricultural land? - ?Agricultural productions? - ?Economic condition? - ?Economic incentive? - ?Formation mechanism? - ?Indirect factors? - ?Overall characteristics

Classification code: 403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control? - ?822.3 Food Products? - ?921 Mathematics

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 2.15e+00%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.08.012

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

39. High Precision Identification of Apple Leaf Diseases Based on Asymmetric Shuffle Convolution

Accession number: 20213410814940

Title of translation:

Authors: He, Zifen (1); Huang, Junxuan (1); Liu, Qiang (1); Zhang, Yinhui (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming; 650500, China

Corresponding author: Zhang, Yinhui(yinhui_z@163.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 8

Issue date: August 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 221-230

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Aiming at the problems of low accuracy and poor generalization ability caused by the imbalance of samples between data sets, shooting angles, light changes and other actual imaging and environmental factors caused by apple leaf diseases, a type of asymmetric shuffle convolution neural network ASNet was proposed. Firstly, by adding an improved scSE attention mechanism module to the ResNeXt backbone network to enhance the network feature extraction; secondly, for the relatively scattered feature distribution of most leaf diseases, the asymmetric shuffle convolution module was used to replace the original residual module to expand the receptive field of the convolution kernel and the enhanced feature extraction ability, thereby improving the recognition accuracy and generalization ability of the model; finally, the use of channel squeeze and channel shuffling in the asymmetric shuffle convolution module made up for the grouping convolution. The defect of insufficient correlation between channels reduced the problem of low recognition accuracy of traditional network models caused by the imbalance between leaf diseases. Under the COCO data set evaluation index, the experimental results showed that compared with the Mask R-CNN whose backbone network was ResNeXt-50, the average test accuracy of this model reached 96.8%, which was increased by 5.2 percentage points, and the model size was reduced to 321 MB, a decrease of 170 MB. Tested by 240 field-collected and AI Challanger crop disease identification challenge apple leaf images, the test results showed that the average segmentation accuracy of the proposed model ASNet for apple black rot, rust, scab and healthy leaves reached 94.7%. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 28

Main heading: Convolution

Controlled terms: Extraction? - ?Feature extraction? - ?Fruits? - ?Image segmentation? - ?Plants (botany)? - ?Statistical tests

Uncontrolled terms: Attention mechanisms? - ?Convolution kernel? - ?Convolution neural network? - ?Environmental factors? - ?Feature distribution? - ?Generalization ability? - ?Recognition accuracy? - ?Segmentation accuracy

Classification code: 716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 9.47e+01%, Percentage 9.68e+01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.08.022

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

40. Minimum Irrigation Quota of Winter Wheat Based on SISM Model and Border Irrigation Technology

Accession number: 20213410814908

Title of translation: SISM

Authors: Shi, Yuan (1); Bai, Meijian (1); Li, Yinong (1); Zhang, Shaohui (1); Li, Yifan (1); Dai, Wei (1)

Author affiliation: (1) State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing; 100038, China

Corresponding author: Bai, Meijian(baimj@iwhr.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 8

Issue date: August 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 278-286

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: The irrigation process under different combinations of border irrigation technology elements was simulated to obtain the corresponding border irrigation performance index values, and determine the minimum irrigation quota under different combinations of border irrigation technology elements in North China Plain. Combined with the current situation of border irrigation in North China Plain, the border length, slope, field leveling accuracy, micro-topography spatial distribution difference and border unit width flow were taken into account, including 53 088 border irrigation technology elements in total. The whole field was covered with the surface irrigation water, the minimum irrigation depth Zmin>0 was taken as the control condition, and the SISM model was taken to simulate the irrigation process under the combination of different technology elements, analyze the corresponding relationship between border irrigation technology elements and irrigation performance index values, and by combining with the test results of border irrigation numerical simulation and relevant regulations of surface irrigation, the recommended range of border irrigation elements under three representative lengths of border field 50 m, 100 m and 150 m (such as field leveling accuracy Sd, slope Sp, and unit width flow q) was proposed. The minimum irrigation quota of three representative border lengths should not be lower than 84 mm, 117 mm and 148 mm under normal conditions, and the minimum irrigation quota of three representative border lengths should not be lower than 71 mm, 75 mm, and 79 mm under the optimized conditions. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 29

Main heading: Irrigation

Controlled terms: Topography

Uncontrolled terms: Border irrigation? - ?Current situation? - ?Irrigation performance? - ?Irrigation quotas? - ?North China Plain? - ?Optimized conditions? - ?Surface irrigation? - ?Technology element

Classification code: 821.3 Agricultural Methods? - ?951 Materials Science

Numerical data indexing: Size 1.00e+02m, Size 1.17e-01m, Size 1.48e-01m, Size 1.50e+02m, Size 5.00e+01m, Size 7.10e-02m, Size 7.50e-02m, Size 7.90e-02m, Size 8.40e-02m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.08.029

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

41. Estimation of Chlorophyll Content in Winter Wheat Based on Wavelet Transform and Fractional Differential

Accession number: 20213410814764

Title of translation:

Authors: Li, Changchun (1); Shi, Jinjin (1); Ma, Chunyan (1); Cui, Yingqi (1); Wang, Yilin (1); Li, Yacong (1)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Surveying and Land Information Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo; 454000, China

Corresponding author: Shi, Jinjin(2393747940@qq.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 8

Issue date: August 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 172-182

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Chlorophyll content is the main biochemical parameter of winter wheat, and its changes directly represent the photosynthetic capacity of winter wheat. Therefore, monitoring the chlorophyll content of winter wheat is of great significance for analyzing the photosynthetic capacity and growth status of winter wheat. Based on the canopy hyperspectral data and measured chlorophyll content of winter wheat on the ground, the correlation analysis between the measured chlorophyll content and the wavelet energy coefficient obtained from the original spectrum, fractional differential spectrum and original spectrum through continuous wavelet transform was carried out, and then the fractional differential spectrum and wavelet energy coefficient with good correlation were selected and combined with stepwise regression analysis the estimation model of chlorophyll content of winter wheat was established by using the methods of support vector machine and artificial neural network. The results showed that: at the jointing stage, booting stage, flowering stage and full growth stage, the results of continuous wavelet transform-artificial neural network modeling were the best, R2 of modeling and verification were 0.93 and 0.90 at jointing stage, 0.93 and 0.90 respectively at booting stage, and 0.93 and 0.90 respectively at flowering stage, 0.86 and 0.85 at full growth stage respectively; at the filling stage, the results of fractional differential-artificial neural network were the best, R2 of modeling and verification were 0.97 and 0.90, respectively, which provided technical scheme for remote sensing estimation of crop chlorophyll content. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 34

Main heading: Neural networks

Controlled terms: Chlorophyll? - ?Crops? - ?Remote sensing? - ?Spectrum analysis? - ?Support vector machines? - ?Support vector regression? - ?Wavelet transforms

Uncontrolled terms: Artificial neural network modeling? - ?Continuous Wavelet Transform? - ?Fractional differential? - ?Modeling and verifications? - ?Photosynthetic capacity? - ?Remote sensing estimations? - ?Stepwise regression analysis? - ?Wavelet energy coefficients

Classification code: 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications? - ?804.1 Organic Compounds? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?921.3 Mathematical Transformations

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.08.017

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

42. Topological Coupling-reducing Based Design of 3T1R Parallel Mechanism and Kinematics Performances Analysis

Accession number: 20213410814789

Title of translation: 3T1R

Authors: Shen, Huiping (1); Gu, Xiaoyang (1); Li, Ju (1); Deng, Jiaming (1)

Author affiliation: (1) Research Center of Advanced Mechanism, Changzhou University, Changzhou; 213016, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 8

Issue date: August 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 406-415

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: According to the theory and method of topological structure design of parallel mechanism (PM) based on position and orientation characteristic (POC) equation, firstly, a low coupling parallel mechanism of three translation and one rotation (3T1R) was designed, and its topological structures were analyzed, including POC, degrees of freedom and coupling degree. It was shown that the PM had partial motion decoupling, but the coupling degree of the PM was one (k=1). That meant only the numerical solutions of direct position solution can be obtained, which was not conducive to the subsequent scale optimization, error analysis and dynamic analysis. Therefore, the topology decoupling optimization design was carried out, that was, the coupling degree k=0 and the symbolic direct position solution can be obtained under the condition that the basic functions (DOF, POC) and partial motion decoupling remained unchanged. Secondly, using the kinematics modeling principle based on topology characteristics, the symbolic direct position solution of the optimal mechanism was solved. Furthermore, based on the derived Jacobian, the conditions for singularity of the mechanism were analyzed. Finally, based on the inverse position solution and the direct position solution, the workspace of the mechanism was solved. It showed that the workspace analysis based on the direct position solution had the advantages of simple calculation process and less calculation amount. The work can lay a foundation for the subsequent scale optimization, error analysis and dynamic analysis of the mechanism. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 25

Main heading: Structural design

Controlled terms: Degrees of freedom (mechanics)? - ?Error analysis? - ?Kinematics? - ?Mechanisms? - ?Topology

Uncontrolled terms: Calculation process? - ?Kinematics modeling? - ?Kinematics performance? - ?Optimization design? - ?Parallel mechanisms? - ?Position and orientations? - ?Topological structure? - ?Topology characteristics

Classification code: 408.1 Structural Design, General? - ?601.3 Mechanisms? - ?921.4 Combinatorial Mathematics, Includes Graph Theory, Set Theory? - ?931.1 Mechanics

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.08.042

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

43. Development and Prospect of Agricultural Machinery Chassis Technology

Accession number: 20213410814873

Title of translation:

Authors: Wang, Weiwei (1, 2); Chen, Liqing (1, 3); Yang, Yang (1, 2); Liu, Lichao (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Engineering, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei; 230036, China; (2) Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Agricultural Machinery and Equipment, Hefei; 230036, China; (3) Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei; 230036, China

Corresponding author: Chen, Liqing(lqchen@ahau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 52

Issue: 8

Issue date: August 25, 2021

Publication year: 2021

Pages: 1-15

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Agricultural machinery chassis is an important part of agricultural equipment, and its technological development reflects the degree of mechanization and intelligent development of agricultural equipment. Based on the analysis of the agricultural machinery chassis technology development world-widely, the chassis of transmission system, driving system, steering system, braking system and chassis remote controlling were proposed. The latest researches on agricultural machinery chassis in four-wheel drive, continuously variable transmission, adjustable wheelbase, air suspension and suspension drive axle, steer-by-wire, braking and anti-skid were summarized. Meanwhile, the basic principles and characteristics of the relevant technologies of each system were expounded combining with the agricultural machinery chassis of different application environments. Finally, considering the research progress and application demand of agricultural machinery chassis technology in China, the future research emphasis and development direction were as following aspects: strengthening basic theoretical research and key parts performance optimization, enhancing chassis platform and lightweight design, and realizing chassis intelligent control and information management. ? 2021, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 119

Main heading: Chassis

Controlled terms: Agricultural machinery? - ?Agricultural robots? - ?Agriculture? - ?Braking? - ?Information management? - ?Machine design? - ?Remote control? - ?Research and development management? - ?Transmissions

Uncontrolled terms: Agricultural equipment? - ?Application environment? - ?Continuously variable transmission? - ?Development directions? - ?Performance optimizations? - ?Technological development? - ?Theoretical research? - ?Transmission systems

Classification code: 601 Mechanical Design? - ?602 Mechanical Drives and Transmissions? - ?602.2 Mechanical Transmissions? - ?662.4 Automobile and Smaller Vehicle Components? - ?731.1 Control Systems? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control? - ?821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment? - ?901.3 Engineering Research

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.08.001

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village