2019年第7期共收录46篇

1. Design and Experiment on Combined Cutting and Throwing Longitudinal Axial Flow Threshing and Separating Device of Rape Combine Harvester

Accession number: 20194307589106

Title of translation:

Authors: Liao, Qingxi (1, 2); Xu, Yang (1, 2); Yuan, Jiacheng (1, 2); Wan, Xingyu (1, 2); Jiang, Yajun (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan; 430070, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment in Mid-lower Yangtze Rive, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan; 430070, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 7

Issue date: July 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 140-150

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: A combined cutting and throwing longitudinal axial flow threshing and separating device was designed to solve the problems like long transport distance and high probability of blockage in threshing device due to the low adaptability of the chain conveyor to rape with high and thick stems in traditional rape combine harvester. The functions of forced feeding, cutting, throwing, threshing and separating were combined, and the key parts of the rape combine harvester were all hydraulically driven to ensure their stepless speed regulation and smooth operation. The structural and working parameters of feeding roller, cutting cylinder and threshing cylinder were determined based on kinematics and dynamics analysis of stem. The orthogonal experiment of cutting cylinder speed, threshing cylinder speed and threshing clearance were carried out while the entrainment loss ratio and power consumption were used as indexes. The results of orthogonal experiment showed that the optimal parameters were 450 r/min for the cutting cylinder speed, 450 r/min for the threshing cylinder speed and 30 mm for the threshing clearance. Under this combination of parameters, the total loss ratio was 0.415%, the mass percentages of short stems in the threshing outlets was 10.43%,the total power consumption for cutting cylinder and threshing cylinder was 4.16 kW and the average length of the stems discharged from the outlet of stems was 134.8 mm. In addition, the loss ratio and cleaning ratio of cyclone separation cleaning system were 6.13% and 91.97%, respectively. The field experiment showed that the combined cutting and throwing longitudinal axial flow threshing and separating device could realize the uniform continuous conveying, threshing and separating of materials from the header to the threshing device and it could meet the operation demand of the rape combine harvester. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 26

Main heading: Combines

Controlled terms: Agriculture? - ?Axial flow? - ?Chain conveyors? - ?Cylinders (shapes)? - ?Electric power utilization? - ?Harvesters? - ?Speed

Uncontrolled terms: Combine harvesters? - ?Combined cutting and throwing? - ?Kinematics and dynamics analysis? - ?Longitudinal axial threshing device? - ?Orthogonal experiment? - ?Rape? - ?Threshing and separating? - ?Total power consumption

Classification code: 631.1 Fluid Flow, General? - ?692.1 Conveyors? - ?706.1 Electric Power Systems? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control? - ?821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.07.014

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

2. Optimization Experiment on Cleaning Device Parameters of Corn Kernel Harvester

Accession number: 20194307589016

Title of translation:

Authors: Cheng, Chao (1, 2); Fu, Jun (1, 2); Chen, Zhi (2); Hao, Fuping (3); Cui, Shoubo (4); Ren, Luquan (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun; 130025, China; (2) College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun; 130025, China; (3) Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Sciences, Beijing; 100083, China; (4) Shandong Juming Machinery Co., Ltd., Zibo; 256400, China

Corresponding author: Fu, Jun(fu_jun@jlu.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 7

Issue date: July 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 151-158

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Cleaning is one of the most important working processes of corn kernel harvester. However, high loss and high impurity seriously restrict the effect of cleaning process. The impurity rate and loss rate were directly affected by working parameters of cleaning devices. So working parameters optimization experiment of cleaning devices was carried out by using corn kernel harvester. Fan speed, vibration frequency and opening degree of upper screen were selected as experiment factors. The better levels of three experiment factors were obtained by single factor experiment. The better levels of fan speed were ranged from 800 r/min to 1 000 r/min. The better levels of vibration frequency were ranged from 6 Hz to 8 Hz. The better levels of opening degree of upper screen was ranged from 15 mm to 25 mm. Based on single factor experiment results, the optimal combination of three test factors and regression model were obtained by orthogonal experiment. The optimal factor combination of cleaning impurity rate was fan speed of 1 000 r/min, vibration frequency of 7 Hz, and opening degree of upper screen of 20 mm. The optimal factors combination of cleaning loss rate was fan speed of 900 r/min, vibration frequency of 6 Hz, and opening degree of upper screen of 20 mm. The optimal factor combination of cleaning comprehensive weighted index was fan speed of 900 r/min, vibration frequency of 7 Hz, and opening degree of upper screen of 20 mm. Three regression models were verified by field test. The relative error of regression model of cleaning impurity rate was 5.56%. The relative error of regression model of cleaning loss rate was 5.10%. The relative error of regression model of cleaning comprehensive weighted index was 4.60%. The results showed that three regression models were reliable. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 21

Main heading: Cleaning

Controlled terms: Errors? - ?Harvesters? - ?Regression analysis? - ?Speed

Uncontrolled terms: Cleaning devices? - ?Corn? - ?Optimal combination? - ?Orthogonal experiment? - ?Regression model? - ?Single-factor experiments? - ?Vibration frequency? - ?Working parameters

Classification code: 802.3 Chemical Operations? - ?821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.07.015

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

3. Effect of Alfalfa on Water Consumption Process and Salt Changes in Fields

Accession number: 20194307589105

Title of translation:

Authors: Tian, Delong (1); Hou, Chenli (1, 2); Xu, Bing (1); Li, Xianyue (2); Ren, Jie (1)

Author affiliation: (1) Institute of Water Resources for Pastoral Area, Ministry of Water Resources, Huhhot; 010020, China; (2) College of Water Conservation and Civil Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot; 010018, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 7

Issue date: July 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 291-301

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: It is significant to explore planting alfalfa on process of the water consumption and salt changes in fields. Taking alfalfa field as the research object and the corn field as the control, the variation of leakage, groundwater recharge, evaporation and transpiration in fields of alfalfa was analyzed. Stable hydrogen and oxygen isotope was used to analyze of the contribution rate of each potential water source, and the changes of salt in the soil was analyzed. The results showed that the total water consumption of alfalfa fields was increased by 20.17%, evapotranspiration ratio was decreased by 66.64% on average. among which the evaporation was decreased by 6.21%, the transpiration rate was increased by 35.80%, the variation of soil water storage was decreased by 8.08%, the leakage was reduced by 39.68% and the supply of groundwater to crops was increased by 153.45%. Relative to corn field, the change of soil volumetric water content was divided into severe fluctuation phase and linear decline phase in 0~100 cm soil layers during the growing period. In July, alfalfa field change of soil volume and water content in 0~60 cm presented a “U” shape, and the change of soil water content in 0~60 cm soil of corn field showed type of “V”. The average soil moisture of 0~30 cm in alfalfa field was more evenly distributed than that in corn field during the growing period. There was no clear bias in the absorption, utilization of soil water, irrigation water and groundwater in alfalfa field. However, the water use of maize farmland was biased, and the soil water in soil layer of 0~40 cm was mainly used in each potential water sources. By studying soil water in soil layer of 0~100 cm at different times, it was flexible to use soil water in a certain soil layer of 0~40 cm in the different periods of alfalfa farmland. The corn farmland mainly used water in 30~40 cm soil. During the growing period, the average desalting rates of 0~100 cm in alfalfa field and corn field were 53.90% and 12.43%, respectively. The absolute difference values of soil salt were 0~0.06 mS/cm and 0~0.13 mS/cm of soil conductivity in 10~30 cm and 30~60 cm in the alfalfa field and corn field respectively. The soil conductivity of 10~60 cm in the alfalfa field was relatively concentrated and more evenly distributed compared with the corn field. In May, except for 0~10 cm and 30~40 cm soil layers of the alfalfa field were in a state of salt accumulation and the average rate of change of soil storage salt was smaller than that of corn farmland. From June to August, the soil conductivity of 0~100 cm in alfalfa field was larger than that in corn farmland, which was in the state of salt accumulation. In September, the overall soil salinity of different soil layers in the alfalfa field was in a desalted state, and the maximum salt storage rate of the soil was -15.31%. As the depth increase, the change of soil salinity was increased first, and then tended to be stable. However, the overall soil salinity of the corn field was in a salt accumulation state. The change rate of soil salinity was the largest in 80~100 cm soil. Therefore, replanting alfalfa was beneficial to enhancing the groundwater use, reducing evapotranspiration ratio, and inhibiting soil salinity. Changing and increasing forage yield (feeding) and developing alfalfa planting was beneficial to the local salinization of fields. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 26

Main heading: Water absorption

Controlled terms: Desalination? - ?Evapotranspiration? - ?Farms? - ?Grain (agricultural product)? - ?Groundwater? - ?Irrigation? - ?Soil moisture? - ?Transpiration? - ?Water supply

Uncontrolled terms: Alfalfa? - ?Contribution rate? - ?Soil salinity? - ?Water consumption? - ?Water source

Classification code: 444.2 Groundwater? - ?445.1 Water Treatment Techniques? - ?446.1 Water Supply Systems? - ?461.9 Biology? - ?483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.07.032

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

4. Design and Experiment of Centralized Belt Type Soybean Seed-metering Device

Accession number: 20194307589132

Title of translation:

Authors: Wang, Yecheng (1); Sun, Hao (1); Li, Baoquan (1); Han, Xing (1); Chen, Haitao (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 7

Issue date: July 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 74-83

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to simplify the structure of seeding monomer, improve the quality of planting, and meet the agricultural requirements of narrow row of soy closely planting on planter, a centralized belt type soybean seed-metering device was designed. The method of circulating flow seed filling and vibrating seed cleaning of the seed-metering device was described. The key structural parameters, such as supporting wheel, vibration bench for clearing seed, seed conveyor belt, position of air inlet and sealing device were determined through theoretical analysis and simulation analysis. The mechanical model of seed filling process and seed cleaning process was established, and the basic structure and working principle of the seed-metering device were introduced. The experiment was employed through the method of quadratic orthogonal rotating center combination of three factors and five levels according to national standard (GB 6973-2005). In test, soybean seed Heinong 38 was selected as experimental material. Combining with extensive pre-experiment and theoretical analysis, the air pressure, working speed and clear vibration frequency were taken as the main influencing factors, and seed qualified index, multiple index and missing index were taken as the response index, the experimental research was carried out. The optimal combination of parameters were clear vibration frequency of 44.6 Hz, air pressure value of 4.4 kPa and working speed of 10.5 km/h, and under the optimal combinations, the qualified index was 90.65%, the multiple index was 1.97%, and the missing index was 7.38%, the verification test was repeated five times, the results indicated that the actual test results were in agreement with the optimization results. This seed-metering device could meet the seeding requirements well. The research results provided a reference for the research of centralized precision seed-meter device. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 21

Main heading: Seed

Controlled terms: Atmospheric pressure? - ?Belt conveyors? - ?Cleaning? - ?Design? - ?Experiments? - ?Pneumatic materials handling equipment? - ?Structural design? - ?Vibration analysis

Uncontrolled terms: Analysis and simulation? - ?Centralized belt type? - ?Experimental materials? - ?Experimental research? - ?Seed metering devices? - ?Soybean? - ?Structural parameter? - ?Vibration frequency

Classification code: 408.1 Structural Design, General? - ?443.1 Atmospheric Properties? - ?632.4 Pneumatic Equipment and Machinery? - ?692.1 Conveyors? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?901.3 Engineering Research

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.07.007

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

5. Design and Experiment of Microtopography Measuring Device for Agricultural Cultivation Based on LiDAR

Accession number: 20194307589175

Title of translation:

Authors: Liu, Lichao (1, 2); Wei, Guoliang (1, 2); Zhang, Qingsong (1, 2); Xiao, Wenli (1, 2); Sun, Wencheng (1, 2); Liao, Qingxi (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan; 430070, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment in Mid-lower Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan; 430070, China

Corresponding author: Liao, Qingxi(liaoqx@mail.hzau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 7

Issue date: July 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 84-92

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Aiming at the fact that the existing surface microtopography measuring device is difficult to achieve the accuracy and efficiency of surface measurement simultaneously after mechanical cultivation operations, a non-contact surface microtopography measuring device composed of LiDAR, linear guide, portable computer and bracket was developed. The stepping motor drive controller based on STM32 single-chip microcomputer was developed, and a complete acquisition system was built up combined with the upper computer software. The system can realize precise positioning of the LiDAR and quickly obtain the three-dimensional coordinates of the surface. The typical resolution of the device was 3.8~10 mm in the LiDAR scanning direction, the vertical scanning direction can be arbitrarily set within the millimeter precision range, the ranging resolution was 1 mm; the coverage area was 6.8 m2 typically, when the vertical scanning direction resolution was 10 mm, the single measurement time was less than 2.5 min. By analyzing the source of measurement error, the system error compensation model was established. Under the condition of 15 mean filtering, the maximum absolute error of the device was 2.7 mm and the maximum average absolute error was 0.9 mm. The device was investigated on rapeseed surface area after direct seeding of the crop. Test results revealed that the surface three-dimensional model generated by Matlab can accurately reconstruct the original microtopography surface features, and the measurement results were consistent with the actual surface height fluctuation. The statistical analysis showed that for attaining stable results, the root mean square height and the correlation length in the fixed size area needed to be sampled 16 times and 64 times, respectively. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 29

Main heading: Optical radar

Controlled terms: Cultivation? - ?Electric drives? - ?Error compensation? - ?MATLAB? - ?Microcomputers? - ?Profilometry? - ?Scanning? - ?Stepping motors? - ?Surface roughness? - ?Three dimensional computer graphics

Uncontrolled terms: Agricultural cultivation? - ?Average absolute error? - ?Micro topography? - ?Motor drive controllers? - ?Single chip microcomputers? - ?Surface microtopography? - ?Three dimensional coordinate? - ?Three-dimensional model

Classification code: 705.3 Electric Motors? - ?716.2 Radar Systems and Equipment? - ?722.4 Digital Computers and Systems? - ?723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods? - ?921 Mathematics? - ?931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.07.008

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

6. Discrimination of Fresh and Frozen-thawed Beef Based on Ultrasound Imaging

Accession number: 20194307589093

Title of translation:

Authors: Sun, Zongbao (1); Wang, Tianzhen (1); Zou, Xiaobo (1); Yan, Xiaojing (1); Liang, Liming (1); Liu, Xiaoyu (1)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang; 212013, China

Corresponding author: Zou, Xiaobo(zou_xiaobo@ujs.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 7

Issue date: July 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 349-354 and 166

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Fresh beef is more expensive than frozen-thawed beef for its good quality and taste. Some unscrupulous traders labeled frozen-thawed beef as fresh beef for sale. The feasibility of using ultrasonic imaging technology to analyze and identify fresh and frozen-thawed beef was studied. Firstly, the texture, microstructure and some physical and chemical indexes of the fresh and frozen-thawed beef were collected to analyze their differences. Secondly, a total of 60 ultrasound images of fresh and frozen-thawed beef were collected by ultrasound imaging system. Twenty common texture characteristic values defined by grey level cooccurrence matrix were collected. Then, principal component analysis (PCA) for data dimension reduction was used, and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and support vector machine (SVM) were used to discriminate the samples. The result showed that there were significant differences (P* and cooking loss between fresh and frozen-thawed beef. These differences combined with microstructural images showed that the tissue structure of frozen-thawed beef was damaged and the internal texture of frozen-thawed beef was poor. The ultrasound images of fresh and frozen-thawed beef showed significant differences, which could be well explained by the above studies. The texture features of the ultrasound image of fresh and frozen-thawed beef were significantly different (P ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 27

Main heading: Beef

Controlled terms: Chemical analysis? - ?Discriminant analysis? - ?Image texture? - ?Imaging systems? - ?Principal component analysis? - ?Support vector machines? - ?Textures? - ?Thawing? - ?Ultrasonic imaging

Uncontrolled terms: Data dimension reduction? - ?Discriminative models? - ?Frozen-thawed? - ?Grey level co-occurrence matrixes? - ?Linear discriminant analysis? - ?Ultrasonic imaging technology? - ?Ultrasound imaging? - ?Ultrasound imaging systems

Classification code: 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications? - ?723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing? - ?746 Imaging Techniques? - ?822.3 Food Products? - ?922 Statistical Methods? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.07.038

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

7. Optimization Design and Performance Analysis of Single Coil Radial Flow Magnetorheological Valve

Accession number: 20194307589056

Title of translation:

Authors: Hu, Guoliang (1); Li, Linsen (1); Hu, Anqi (1); Yu, Lifan (1)

Author affiliation: (1) Key Laboratory of Conveyance and Equipment, Ministry of Education, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang; 330013, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 7

Issue date: July 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 417-426

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Magnetorheological (MR) valves are widely used in hydraulic systems due to their fast response speed and stable pressure regulation. It is easy to increase the valve dimension size and block the fluid flow channel by changing the valve’s internal structure to improve the pressure drop. The multi-objective optimization of pressure drop and adjustable coefficient of the single coil radial flow MR valve was carried out. A single coil radial flow MR valve with magnetic isolation sleeve was designed. The working principle was expounded, and the mathematical model of pressure drop was also deduced based on Bingham model. Simulation model was established by using the finite element method, and the constraint conditions were established to analyze the influence of the dimension size on shear yield stress and pressure drop. The optimization of geometrical parameters of MR valve was carried out by using ANSYS zero-order and first-order optimization tools. The average magnetic flux density and pressure drop at the effective damping gap were simulated and compared. The pressure drop performance of MR valve was tested on the dynamic performance test rig. The experimental results showed that the pressure drop of the MR valve before optimization was 1.84 MPa at the applied current of 1.8 A, while after optimization was 2.58 MPa, the increment was 40.22%. At the same time, the adjustable coefficient of pressure drop was 7.94 before optimization and 10.07 after optimization, which was increased by 26.83%. Moreover, the load cases had no influence on the pressure drop. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 21

Main heading: Pressure drop

Controlled terms: Channel flow? - ?Drops? - ?Geometry? - ?Hydraulic equipment? - ?Multiobjective optimization? - ?Radial flow? - ?Yield stress

Uncontrolled terms: Adjustable coefficient? - ?Constraint conditions? - ?Dynamic performance tests? - ?Magneto-rheological? - ?Magnetorheological valve? - ?Optimal design? - ?Optimization design? - ?Performance analysis

Classification code: 631.1 Fluid Flow, General? - ?632.2 Hydraulic Equipment and Machinery? - ?921 Mathematics? - ?921.5 Optimization Techniques? - ?951 Materials Science

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.07.046

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

8. Development of Advanced Design Technology and Its Application in Agricultural Equipment

Accession number: 20194307589041

Title of translation:

Authors: Liu, Hongxin (1); Wang, Dengyu (1); Guo, Lifeng (1); Liu, Wenwu (1); Zhang, Guangfu (1); Sun, Wei (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 7

Issue date: July 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 1-18

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: The competitiveness of modern equipment enterprises and their products largely depends on whether they can provide products to meet the market demand at the fastest speed, that is, whether they have advanced design methods to support the efficient research and development process. Aiming at the problem in low integral level of agricultural machinery research and development in China, as well as various types and significant regional differences result in a variety of professional knowledge, structural forms, practical experience and so on, making it difficult for individual designers to fully grasp, unable to guarantee the quality of research and development, and severely restricting the industrial development and independent innovation ability, thus the development process of design methods was comprehensively reviewed, the characteristics of times at each stage and the generation rules of advanced design methods were analyzed, the advanced design methods and development direction suitable for agricultural equipment was discussed, and the realization of the strategic goals set for agricultural equipment in major national development plans such as “Made in China 2025” was supported. The research showed that the trend of intelligent design based on digital technology was obvious, which represented the development direction and the highest level of advanced design by combining the current technological level and social background, making full use of the advantages of 3D-CAD virtual reality and the development results of computer technology. Intelligent design was characterized by knowledge reuse, based on digital model resource, carried by product data management (PDM) and product lifecycle management (PLM) platform, and organized and connected upstream and downstream design-related research links such as scheme reasoning, digital mockup (DMU), computer aided engineering (CAE), computer aided process planning (CAPP) by the generalized computer aided design concept. In this way, intelligent design can implement the high integration of CAX, which was the practical application of artificial intelligence (AI) in the field of design. The development ideas of current advanced design were clarified, basic theory and system architecture for the establishment of equipment intelligent design system were provided, and it had significant theoretical value and practical guiding significance for fully integrating industry resources, highly sharing achievements and professional knowledge, greatly improving research and development efficiency and level, and significantly enhancing the core competitiveness of Chinese equipment enterprises and their products. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 108

Main heading: Computer aided design

Controlled terms: Agriculture? - ?Competition? - ?Computer aided engineering? - ?Computer aided process planning? - ?Computer resource management? - ?Industrial research? - ?Information management? - ?Knowledge engineering? - ?Life cycle? - ?Machine design ? - ?Product design? - ?Research and development management? - ?Virtual reality

Uncontrolled terms: Advanced designs? - ?Agricultural equipment? - ?Digital designs? - ?Intelligent designs? - ?Resource re use

Classification code: 601 Mechanical Design? - ?723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control? - ?901.3 Engineering Research? - ?911.2 Industrial Economics? - ?913.1 Production Engineering

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.07.001

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

9. Effects of Microwave Treatment on Structure of Egg White and IgG Binding Capacity

Accession number: 20194307589144

Title of translation: IgG

Authors: Chen, Hongbing (1, 2); Yang, Hao (1, 3); Gao, Jinyan (3); Tong, Ping (1)

Author affiliation: (1) State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang; 330047, China; (2) Sino-German Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang; 330047, China; (3) College of Food Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang; 330031, China

Corresponding author: Tong, Ping(tongping@ncu.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 7

Issue date: July 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 355-361

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Aiming to explore a new way to reduce the allergenicity of egg allergens. The influence of different microwave treatments on egg white was demonstrated by SDS-PAGE, circular dichroism spectroscopy, ultraviolet spectroscopy, exogenous fluorescence spectroscopy and indirect ELISA to analyze molecular weight changes, secondary structure, tertiary structure, hydrophobic changes and changes in IgG binding capacity, respectively. Results showed that the microwave treatment reduced the potential allergenicity of egg white proteins, and the IgG binding capacity of egg white was the lowest when it was treated under 400 W for 30 s. The secondary and tertiary structure of protein were obviously changed by microwave treatment. Under 80 W, the structure of egg white proteins was folded, however, when treatment time was more than 30 s, the structure of egg white proteins was unfolded again. When the power of microwave treatment was increased to 640 W, part of egg white proteins was aggregated. Changes in the structure could induce changes in potential allergenicity of egg white proteins, however, the relationship of structure and potential allergenicity of egg white proteins under microwave treatment should be further analyzed. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 22

Main heading: Microwaves

Controlled terms: Circular dichroism spectroscopy? - ?Dichroism? - ?Fluorescence spectroscopy? - ?Microwave heating? - ?Proteins? - ?Ultraviolet spectroscopy

Uncontrolled terms: Allergenicity? - ?Binding capacities? - ?Egg white? - ?Egg white proteins? - ?Microwave treatment? - ?Secondary and tertiary structures? - ?Secondary structures? - ?Tertiary structures

Classification code: 711 Electromagnetic Waves? - ?711.1 Electromagnetic Waves in Different Media? - ?741.1 Light/Optics? - ?741.3 Optical Devices and Systems? - ?804.1 Organic Compounds

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.07.039

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

10. Design and Experiment of Seed-clearing Device for Cup-belt Type Patato Seed-metering Device

Accession number: 20194307589143

Title of translation:

Authors: Lü, Jinqing (1, 2); Wang, Pengrong (1); Yang, Xiaohan (1); Li, Zihui (1); Li, Jicheng (1); Yi, Shujuan (2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China; (2) College of Engineering, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing; 163319, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 7

Issue date: July 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 51-60

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Aiming at the problem that uneven vibration frequency, uneven amplitude adjustment and unreasonable structure of the seed dressing device, the seedlings had high weight loss rate and high damage rate. Breeding device for potato seeder seed metering device was designed. Through the kinematics and dynamics analysis of the cleaning operation process, the main factors affecting the seed cleaning effect were determined, and the structure of the seed cleaning device was designed. This plank can also reduce the horizontal velocity of potato seed to decrease the distance of potato drop into furrow. The eccentricity, the main driving wheel speed of the conveyor belt and the height of the seed layer were used as experimental factors. The field experiment was carried out with the re-broadcast rate and the missed-air rate as test indicators. The test results showed that the elastic-guided clean-up parts can effectively remove the seed potatoes between the spoons, and the vibration-cleaning device can effectively remove the excess seed potatoes in the spoon, which was significantly improved. When the eccentricity was 1.9 mm, the main drive wheel speed of the conveyor belt was 40.61 r/min, and the seed layer height was 33 cm, the replay index was 3.04%, and the missed broadcast index was 2.01%. The index was better than standard of China. According to industry standards, the effect of seed cleaning was significantly improved. The device provided a theoretical reference for improving the design of the seeding device of the scoop potato planter. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 25

Main heading: Cleaning

Controlled terms: Belt conveyors? - ?Pneumatic materials handling equipment? - ?Wheels

Uncontrolled terms: Amplitude adjustment? - ?Cleaning operations? - ?Experimental factors? - ?Horizontal velocity? - ?Kinematics and dynamics analysis? - ?Potato? - ?Seed metering devices? - ?Vibration frequency

Classification code: 601.2 Machine Components? - ?632.4 Pneumatic Equipment and Machinery? - ?692.1 Conveyors? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.07.005

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

11. Design and Experiment of Wheat Seeding Control System in Plot Seeder

Accession number: 20194307589076

Title of translation:

Authors: Cheng, Xiupei (1, 2); Li, Hongwen (1, 2); Wang, Qingjie (1, 2); He, Jin (1, 2); Lu, Caiyun (1, 2); Yang, Wei (3)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Agricultural Science Observation and Experiment Station of Arable Land Conservation (Northern Hebei Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (3) Menoble Co., Ltd., Beijing; 100083, China

Corresponding author: Li, Hongwen(lhwen@cau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 7

Issue date: July 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 30-38

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: As a special machinery for field breeding experiments, the plot seeder has a very important role in improving efficiency of breeding, reducing labor intensity and costs, as well as ensuring scientific nature and accuracy of test results. In order to improve the mechanization and automation level of the plot seeder and solve the problem that it is difficult to adjust the operating parameters, a wheat plot seeding control system based on STM32 was developed. The system was mainly composed of an Android mobile phone terminal, main controller of STM32, lifting system of storage cylinder, control system of cone compartment tray for seed meter, and control system of seed dispenser. The stepper motor and direct current motor speed control model were established. And human-computer interaction interface was designed, which was used to set working parameters. For checking up the performance of wheat plot seeding control system in plot seeder and gaining better combination of parameters, indoor tests were carried out at three cone compartment tray rotation speed of 4 r/min, 6 r/min and 8 r/min, and four seed dispenser rotation speed of 1 100 r/min, 1 250 r/min, 1 400 r/min and 1 550 r/min. Test results showed that the cone compartment tray rotation speed, seed dispenser rotation speed, and the interaction of them had a very significant effect on the uniformity between rows by the analysis of variance. With the increase of rotating speed of the cone compartment tray, the variation coefficient of the uniformity between rows was increased. With the change of rotating speed of seed dispenser at 1 100~1 550 r/min, the variation coefficient of the seed uniformity was reduced firstly and then increased. When the rotating speed of the cone compartment tray and seed dispenser was 4 r/min and 1 250 r/min respectively, the variation coefficient of uniformity between rows was 4.53%, of which the uniformity between rows was better and the grain damage rate was smaller. This control system could provide a research basis for the automation and intelligent control of plot seeding. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 24

Main heading: Speed

Controlled terms: Control systems? - ?DC motors? - ?Dispensers? - ?Human computer interaction? - ?Rotating machinery? - ?Rotation? - ?Stepping motors

Uncontrolled terms: Direct current motors? - ?Human computer interaction interface? - ?Improving efficiency? - ?Operating parameters? - ?Plot seeder? - ?Uniformity between rows? - ?Variation coefficient? - ?Wheat

Classification code: 601.1 Mechanical Devices? - ?705.3 Electric Motors? - ?705.3.2 DC Motors? - ?731.1 Control Systems? - ?931.1 Mechanics

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.07.003

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

12. Kinematics Analysis of Novel 3T1R Parallel Manipulator with Full Rotational Capability

Accession number: 20194307589072

Title of translation: 3T1R

Authors: Chang, Boyan (1, 2); Li, Xiaoning (1); Jin, Guoguang (1, 2); Zhang, Zhuan (1); Yang, Shuai (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin; 300387, China; (2) Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Mechatronics Equipment Technology, Tianjin; 300387, China

Corresponding author: Jin, Guoguang(jinguoguang@tjpu.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 7

Issue date: July 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 406-416

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: There is a wide range of industrial application for the 4-DOF parallel mechanism (PM) which can achieve SCARA type output motion (i.e., three translations and one rotation). However, due to the constraints of kinematic chains, most of them have small rotational capacity and cannot meet the actual demand sometimes. A type of 3T1R PM which can realize full cycle rotary motion was proposed. Firstly, a two-dimensional moving unit which consisted of revolute joint only was constructed. According to the mechanisms and machine theory, modular principle of the pantograph mechanism for scaling two-dimensional planar graph was explained as the mechanism can be divided into three types of modules which were all derived from the two-dimensional moving unit. And then a 3T1R PM with four legs was designed by taking the obtained pantograph mechanisms as sub-chains. Secondly, the structure coupling-reducing optimization design for this PM was performed, whose POC and DOF were unchanged with lower coupling degree (k=1).Finally, the modeling method and the numerical solutions for forward and inverse position equations of the PM were established based on ordered single-open-chain (SOC) units. The working space and the rotational ability of this parallel mechanism were obtained and the rotational capacity map was drawn by using the inverse position equations. According to the map, the range of workspace that can realize the full rotational capability was selected which can be treated as a theoretical basis for the design and applications for this mechanism. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 21

Main heading: Kinematics

Controlled terms: Graph theory? - ?Manipulators? - ?Mechanisms? - ?Numerical methods? - ?Pantographs? - ?Robotic arms? - ?Steel beams and girders? - ?Structural optimization

Uncontrolled terms: Design and application? - ?Kinematics analysis? - ?Parallel manipulators? - ?Parallel mechanisms? - ?Rotational capability? - ?Rotational capacity? - ?Single open chains (SOC)? - ?Workspace

Classification code: 408.2 Structural Members and Shapes? - ?601.3 Mechanisms? - ?731.5 Robotics? - ?921 Mathematics? - ?931.1 Mechanics

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.07.045

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

13. Effects of Compound Microbial Organic Fertilizer with Water-saving Irrigation on Photosynthetic and Yield of Rice

Accession number: 20194307589008

Title of translation:

Authors: Zhang, Zhongxue (1, 2); Feng, Zijia (1, 2); Qi, Zhijuan (1, 2); Zheng, Ennan (1, 2); Yang, Hua (1, 2); Chen, Peng (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China; (2) Key Laboratory of High Efficiency Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China

Corresponding author: Qi, Zhijuan(zhijuan.qi@neau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 7

Issue date: July 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 313-321

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to study the effects of the compound microbial organic fertilizer on photosynthetic characteristics and yield of rice under water-saving irrigation conditions in cold region and black glebe, experiment with four compound microbial organic fertilizer application levels, which were 20 kg/hm2 (OF20), 40 kg/hm2 (OF40), 60 kg/hm2 (OF60) and 80 kg/hm2 (OF80) were carried out under the water-saving irrigation regime, meanwhile the inorganic fertilizer was taken as control treatment (CK). The photosynthetic characteristics and yield were studied. The results demonstrated that the net photosynthetic rate (Pn), the maximum photochemical quantum efficiency (Fv/Fm), the reaction center potential activity (Fv/Fo) and the excitation energy capture efficiency (F’v/F’m) were increased firstly and then decreased with the increase of compound microbial organ fertilizer at each stage, so did the actual photochemical quantum efficiency (ΦPS) and photochemical fluorescence quenching coefficient (qP) at heading and milky stage, and approaching the best values in OF60 plot. However, the stomatal limit value (Ls) was decreased firstly and then increased with the increase of compound microbial organic fertilizer, which was less than CK. Across all treatments, for the non-photochemical quenching coefficient (qN), no significant difference was found at 5% level. Among the different treatments, the highest yield was obtained in OF60 plot as well as the rice quality was better. Therefore, under OF60 regime was the best. It could provide a theoretical basis and reference for the application compound microbial organic fertilizer under water-saving irrigation conditions in cold region and black glebe. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 31

Main heading: Fertilizers

Controlled terms: Image quality? - ?Irrigation? - ?Photosynthesis? - ?Plants (botany)? - ?Quantum efficiency? - ?Quenching? - ?Water conservation

Uncontrolled terms: Organic fertilizers? - ?Photosynthetic? - ?Rice? - ?Water-saving irrigation? - ?Yield

Classification code: 444 Water Resources? - ?537.1 Heat Treatment Processes? - ?741.1 Light/Optics? - ?804 Chemical Products Generally? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods? - ?931.4 Quantum Theory; Quantum Mechanics

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.07.034

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

14. Image Detection Method for Broccoli Seedlings in Field Based on Faster R-CNN

Accession number: 20194307589068

Title of translation: Faster R-CNN

Authors: Sun, Zhe (1); Zhang, Chunlong (1); Ge, Luzhen (1); Zhang, Ming (1); Li, Wei (1); Tan, Yuzhi (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China

Corresponding author: Tan, Yuzhi(yztan@cau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 7

Issue date: July 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 216-221

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Traditional methods of image processing for crop detection under agricultural natural environment are easily affected by small samples and subjective judgment, so they have many disadvantages such as low recognition rate and low robustness. Deep learning can self-study according to data set, and has a strong ability to express feature. Therefore, a new broccoli seedlings detection approach based on Faster R-CNN model was proposed. Data acquisition was the first step to build deep learning model, and the diversity of data can improve the generalization ability of the model. According to the characteristics of field environment, broccoli seedlings images with different light intensities, different ground moisture contents and different weed densities were collected. The sample size was expanded by images rotation and noise enhancement, and data set was transformed as PASCAL VOC format. And then the Faster R-CNN model was trained by using data set. Contrast experiment was designed on ResNet101, ResNet50 and VGG16 networks. The results showed that ResNet101 network with the deepest network layer and smaller parameter space was the best feature extraction network. The average detection accuracy was 90.89%, and the average time-consuming was 249 ms. Based on that, the network super-parameters were optimized and the average accuracy of model detection reached 91.73%, when Dropout value was 0.6. The results showed that this approach can effectively detect broccoli seedlings in agricultural natural environment, and provided a hopeful solution for crop detection in the field of agriculture. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 26

Main heading: Image enhancement

Controlled terms: Crops? - ?Data acquisition? - ?Deep learning? - ?Deep neural networks? - ?Network layers? - ?Neural networks

Uncontrolled terms: Broccoli seedlings? - ?Contrast experiment? - ?Convolutional neural network? - ?Crop recognition? - ?Faster R-CNN? - ?Generalization ability? - ?Image detection method? - ?Natural environments

Classification code: 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications? - ?723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.07.023

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

15. Design and Test of Pneumatic Downforce Control System for Planting

Accession number: 20194307589032

Title of translation:

Authors: Gao, Yuanyuan (1, 2); Wang, Xiu (2, 3); Yang, Shuo (1, 2); Zhao, Xueguan (2); Dou, Hanjie (2); Zhao, Chunjiang (1, 3)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Beijing Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture, Beijing; 100097, China; (3) National Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing; 100097, China

Corresponding author: Zhao, Chunjiang(zhaocj@nercita.org.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 7

Issue date: July 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 19-29 and 83

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: An adequate and consistent depth positioning of seeds is vital for uniform crop germination to achieve the optimum yield of agricultural crops. However, the downforce variations from the row units will affect the stability of sowing depth because of the irregular and inconsistent soil resistance of the seedbed. Therefore, controlling the seeding downforce to compensate for changes in soil resistance can improve seeding quality. At present, most of the downforce control methods are driven by hydraulic pressure, which requires a high level for the tractor hydraulic system. In addition, previous studies have found that the existing downforce detection methods have problems of low sensitivity and lack of fast and precise control model, which can not achieve real-time accurate downforce control. To solve the problems, a new downforce control method based on the air-spring pressure and the four-link angle was proposed, and a corresponding pneumatic downforce control system was designed. The system consisted of pneumatic driving device, tilt sensor for profiling mechanism, pressure sensor for air-spring, downforce sensor for gauge-wheel, date acquisition and control module, and an upper computer. The pneumatic driving device, which mainly included air-spring, electric-gas proportional valve, air pump, gas tank and oil separation filter, was used to provide the necessary downforce on the profiling mechanism to ensure the optimum and consistency of sowing depth. The downforce sensor and tilt sensor were applied to generate downforce and the four-link angle signals in real time. After first-order low-pass filtering and model calculation by the upper computer, these actual downforce was displayed on the interface programmed by LabVIEW and the control signals were sent to the electrical-gas proportional valve through the date acquisition and control module based on RS485 communication. A modeling experiment was conducted to establish the relationship between the sensor values and the actual downforce under different air-spring pressures and four-link angles. Regression analysis showed that the model fitted the best, being 0.974 3 in adjusted determination coefficient (RAdj2) and 49.41 N in root mean square error (RMSE). The verification test showed that the predicted root mean square error (PRMSE) was 39.51 N, which showed that the model had better control accuracy for downforce. Further, an air-spring response test and a field test were carried out respectively to test system control performance. The results showed that the air-spring inflation step response average overshoot was 3.83%, the average steady state error was 0.005 2 MPa, and the average adjustment time was 0.42 s when the pressure was set in the range of 0.1~0.6 MPa. The field tests indicated that the system had stable and reliable control performance for sowing depth in the speed range of 6~10 km/h. Within the industry standard error range of 10 mm, the qualified rate of sowing depth of the system was not less than 98.91%. Especially when the speed of the planter was over 10 km/h, the standard deviation (SD) of sowing depth was 3.46 mm and the coefficient of variation (CV) was 6.97%, which was significantly better than the passive downforce control system with the SD of 6.70 mm and the CV of 13.07% respectively. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 24

Main heading: Quality control

Controlled terms: Computer control systems? - ?Crops? - ?Depth profiling? - ?Errors? - ?Hydraulic equipment? - ?Low pass filters? - ?Mean square error? - ?Phase interfaces? - ?Pneumatic drives? - ?Pneumatics ? - ?Regression analysis? - ?Seed? - ?Sensors? - ?Springs (components)? - ?Testing

Uncontrolled terms: Adjusted determination coefficient? - ?Coefficient of variation? - ?Downforce? - ?Monitoring and control? - ?Precision planting? - ?Root mean square errors? - ?RS485 communications? - ?Sowing depth

Classification code: 601.2 Machine Components? - ?632 Hydraulics, Pneumatics and Related Equipment, and Fluidics? - ?703.2 Electric Filters? - ?723.5 Computer Applications? - ?801 Chemistry? - ?801.4 Physical Chemistry? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?913.3 Quality Assurance and Control? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.07.002

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

16. 3D Reconstruction of Maize Plants Based on Consumer Depth Camera

Accession number: 20194307589146

Title of translation:

Authors: Lao, Cailian (1, 2); Yang, Han (1); Li, Peng (1); Feng, Yu (1)

Author affiliation: (1) Key Laboratory of Modern Precision Agriculture System Integration Research, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Agricultural Information Acquisition Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 7

Issue date: July 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 222-228

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: The 3D structure reconstruction of plants is one of the important methods to realize the no-destructive measurement of plant morphological structure. Consumer depth cameras are widely used to acquire 3D spatial information because of their advantages of non-contact, quick acquisition of data and low cost. In 3D reconstruction, feature points were usually extracted from the point cloud, then paired with feature points, and the registration matrix T was calculated. However, it was difficult to extract the characteristic points of plants because of their slender body. According to the need of plant phenotypic analysis for 3D reconstruction and aiming at the problem that it was difficult to extract plant feature points which resulted in a bad 3D reconstruction, a 3D reconstruction method based on depth camera was proposed. Firstly, the depth camera was calibrated internally and the depth value distortion was corrected by which the accurate depth value can be obtained. Then the relative position of the camera and the turntable were fixed, and the matrix T corresponding to a fixed angle θ of turntable was accurately calculated. The matrix T was calculated in the coordinate space of the current depth camera with the help of a chessboard. After obtaining the matrix T, the turntable was rotated at an interval of θ to get a series of point clouds which were registered as a whole one with the help of transformation matrix T to complete 3D reconstruction. By comparing the reconstruction results of commercial software Skanect, this method needs only one registration, and has higher reductive degree, better efficiency and robustness, which meets the needs of plant morphology measurement. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 31

Main heading: Image reconstruction

Controlled terms: Cameras? - ?Linear transformations? - ?Plant extracts

Uncontrolled terms: 3D reconstruction? - ?Characteristic point? - ?Depth camera? - ?Destructive measurements? - ?Maize plants? - ?Registration? - ?Spatial informations? - ?Transformation matrices

Classification code: 461.9 Biology? - ?742.2 Photographic Equipment? - ?921.3 Mathematical Transformations

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.07.024

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

17. Design and Experiment of Infrared Inspection System for Pig Body Temperature in Facility Farm

Accession number: 20194307589073

Title of translation:

Authors: Xiao, Deqin (1, 2); Liu, Qin (1); Chen, Li (3); Yang, Qiumei (1); Guo, Aixia (1); Lin, Sicong (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Mathematics and Informatics, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou; 510642, China; (2) Guangdong Province Agricultural Data Engineering Research Center, Guangzhou; 510642, China; (3) Wens Foodstuff Group Co., Ltd., Yunfu; 527300, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 7

Issue date: July 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 194-200

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Considering the difficulties of obtaining the body temperature of pigs timely in the process of large-scale pig breeding, an inspection system based on infrared technology was designed to realize the rapid monitoring of body temperature in the facility pig farm. The hardware of system included an infrared mobile acquisition device, a system control device, and the power supply device. The infrared mobile acquisition device was comprised of a slide rail, a mobile car, an infrared thermal imager, and a protective shell; the system control device was comprised of a HP MINI microcomputer, a XP2-18R/RT integrated controller, and a DM542 digital motor driver; the power supply included cables and cable blocks. The control system of equipment integrated infrared image acquisition, storage control, mobile car operation control and data communication with remote server, etc. The equipment was deployed and experimented in the limit bar pig farm for 28 days. The experiment showed that the system worked stably and the average loss rate of infrared images in the inspection process was 1.12%, which could effectively collect the infrared images of pigs in the limit bar pig farm. The ear roots area was selected as the temperature sensitive area in the experiment. According to the statistics, the periodic inspection accuracy of the ear roots area of pigs was over 90%, which can effectively monitor the temperature of the ear roots area of pigs. The experiment also monitored the maximum temperature of the ear roots region of No.3 to No.6 pigs for five consecutive days and counted their daily mean value. The analysis verified the scientific value of temperature, which could provide effective monitoring information for the breeding personnel, and was of great significance for the health monitoring and epidemic prevention of pigs in the field of pig breeding. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 22

Main heading: Mammals

Controlled terms: Cables? - ?Controllers? - ?Data communication equipment? - ?Digital storage? - ?Electric power system control? - ?Infrared imaging? - ?Infrared radiation? - ?Inspection? - ?Inspection equipment? - ?Physiology

Uncontrolled terms: Body temperature? - ?Infra-red cameras? - ?Infrared inspections? - ?Infrared thermal imager? - ?Integrated controllers? - ?Monitoring information? - ?Power supply devices? - ?Temperature sensitive

Classification code: 461.9 Biology? - ?706.1 Electric Power Systems? - ?722.1 Data Storage, Equipment and Techniques? - ?732.1 Control Equipment? - ?741.1 Light/Optics? - ?746 Imaging Techniques? - ?913.3.1 Inspection

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.07.020

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

18. Bionic Design and Experiment of Threshing Tooth Based on Structure of Cattle Apex Tongue Filiform Papillae

Accession number: 20194307589130

Title of translation:

Authors: Fu, Jun (1, 2); Zhang, Yichen (1, 3); Chen, Zhi (1, 2); Ren, Luquan (1, 3); Cheng, Chao (1, 3)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun; 130022, China; (2) Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Sciences, Beijing; 100083, China; (3) Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun; 130022, China

Corresponding author: Chen, Zhi(caamschen@126.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 7

Issue date: July 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 167-176

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Threshing is an important working operation in wheat harvesting process. However, low threshed rate is an important problem restricting threshing operation, so it is urgent to innovate threshing mechanism and improve threshing parts. Cattles were typical ruminants and their tongues provided a natural biological model for bionic threshing. The filiform papillae was observed on the surface of the tongue tip of cattle by scanning electronic microscope. The distribution density of filiform papillae was large, and its structural characteristics were obvious. Its outline was conical, and its tip was hemispherical. The filiform papillae was inclined and the inclination angle was 35°~40°. The “papillae-material” contact working interface was constructed, including four working steps of complete separation, initial contact, papillae-material insertion and complete contact. Based on structural characteristic parameters of filiform papillae, the bionic tooth model was constructed and the simulation test of bionic tooth threshing was carried out. The optimal combination of parameters for bionic tooth threshing was obtained. The optimal combination was 2.5 times magnify ratio, 15 mm/s movement speed, 38° inclination angle, contact position for 0.2 times the height of tooth form the whole place, Q345 material. The bionic tooth threshing bench test was carried out and the threshing process was analyzed by camera. The regression model and response surfaces were established by orthogonal test. Response surface analysis showed that the threshing performance of bionic tooth was good, and the threshed rate was ranged from 97.5% to 99.5%. The optimal structure parameter combination of bionic tooth was obtained. The magnify times was 2.565, the inclination angle was 39.8°, and the threshing clearance was 9.11 mm. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 31

Main heading: Agriculture

Controlled terms: Bionics? - ?Electronic tongues? - ?Mammals? - ?Regression analysis? - ?Structural optimization? - ?Surface analysis? - ?Surface properties

Uncontrolled terms: Distribution density? - ?Filiform papillae? - ?Mechanical threshing? - ?Response surface analysis? - ?Scanning electronic microscopes? - ?Structural characteristics? - ?Tongue apex of cattle? - ?Wheat

Classification code: 461.1 Biomedical Engineering? - ?801 Chemistry? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control? - ?921.5 Optimization Techniques? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics? - ?951 Materials Science

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.07.017

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

19. Design and Experiment of Active Attitude Adjustment System for Hilly Area Tractors

Accession number: 20194307589110

Title of translation:

Authors: Qi, Wenchao (1); Li, Yanming (1); Tao, Jianfeng (1); Qin, Chengjin (1); Liu, Chengliang (1); Zhong, Kun (2)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai; 200240, China; (2) Shandong Wuzheng Group, Rizhao; 276800, China

Corresponding author: Li, Yanming(ymli@sjtu.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 7

Issue date: July 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 381-388

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: To ensure safe operation, enhance productivity and improve operation comfort for the tractors in hill area, a dual-closed-loop-PID-based active attitude adjustment system was designed. Based on the special requirements for operation in mountainous regions, an active attitude adjustment system was designed, which included pose regulation mechanism, hydraulic actuation system and the corresponding control system. Then the system dynamic model was proposed along with the dual-closed-loop PID algorithm, which were verified numerically. Numerous experiments were conducted on a tractor system designed by Shandong Wuzheng Group. The experimental results showed that the proposed active pose regulator can achieve regaining of horizontal pose in 7.5 s with a maximum angular error of 0.5° and the difference of the absolute rotation angle of both rear wheel rotary mechanism was in the range of ±1°, which satisfied the application requirement. Additionally, when the tractor system was operated at first-gear speed (1.98 km/h) on slopes with relatively large variation in height, the slope angle of the tractor system can be conttrolled with in ±3°, and the absolute difference of the sway angle of the wheels on both sides were within ±5°. In conclusion, the proposed active pose regulator system design can adapt to the harsh application requirement. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 21

Main heading: Tractors (agricultural)

Controlled terms: Systems analysis? - ?Tractors (truck)? - ?Wheels

Uncontrolled terms: Active attitude adjustment system? - ?Application requirements? - ?Dual closed loops? - ?Hydraulic actuation systems? - ?Mountainous area? - ?Mountainous regions? - ?Regulation mechanisms? - ?System dynamic models

Classification code: 601.2 Machine Components? - ?663.1 Heavy Duty Motor Vehicles? - ?961 Systems Science

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.07.042

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

20. Hierarchical Ecological Network Structure Based on Complex Network Analysis

Accession number: 20194307589082

Title of translation:

Authors: Wang, Ge (1); Yu, Qiang (1); Yang, Di (2); Zhang, Qibin (1); Yue, Depeng (1); Liu, Jianhua (1)

Author affiliation: (1) Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Department of Geography, University of Florida, Gainesville; FL; 32611, United States

Corresponding author: Yu, Qiang(yuqiang@bjfu.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 7

Issue date: July 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 258-266 and 312

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Baotou is a typical semi-arid city in Northwest China. The hierarchical ecological network model was used to construct the hierarchical ecological network of Baotou City. Based on the complex network theory, the static characteristic index and spatial robustness index were calculated, and the topological structure of the complex hierarchical ecological network was analyzed. The results showed that the first, second and third ecological sources and the first, second and third ecological corridors were extracted by using the hierarchical ecological network model, and the important ecological nodes were identified. The number of ecological sources in the first, second and third layers was 8, 31 and 123, the number of ecological corridors was 8, 35 and 151, and the number of important ecological nodes was 7, 28 and 47, respectively. The first layer of ecological network had the lowest connectivity and two cores. Its structure was simple but its importance was the highest. The stability of the first layer of ecological network affected the stability of the whole region’s hierarchical ecological network. The second layer of ecological network can increase the small-scale ecological stability by increasing the ecological nodes with low connectivity, and had no obvious effect on the stability improvement of the large-scale ecological network. The third layer had four cores, and the highest connectivity structure of the ecological network was complex. Malicious attacks were more destructive than random attacks. The number of source nodes in the second layer and the third layer ecological network was large, but the proportion of low-level source sites was high, and the anti-attack ability and recovery ability of the network were not obviously enhanced. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 30

Main heading: Complex networks

Controlled terms: Ecology? - ?Network layers? - ?Stability? - ?Topology

Uncontrolled terms: Baotou City? - ?Connectivity structures? - ?Ecological networks? - ?Ecological stability? - ?Stability improvement? - ?Static characteristic? - ?Structural robustness? - ?Topological structure

Classification code: 454.3 Ecology and Ecosystems? - ?722 Computer Systems and Equipment? - ?723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications? - ?921.4 Combinatorial Mathematics, Includes Graph Theory, Set Theory

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.07.028

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

21. Recognition Method of Cow Estrus Behavior Based on Convolutional Neural Network

Accession number: 20194307589026

Title of translation:

Authors: Liu, Zhongchao (1, 2); He, Dongjian (1, 3)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China; (2) School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang; 473000, China; (3) Key Laboratory of Agricultural Internet of Things, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China

Corresponding author: He, Dongjian(hdj168@nwsuaf.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 7

Issue date: July 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 186-193

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Timely monitoring of cow estrus is very important in dairy cow breeding. At present, artificial estrus monitoring of dairy cows is time-consuming and laborious. Pedometer contact monitoring can easily cause stress discomfort to cows. Aiming at the problems existing in cow estrus monitoring, according to cows span behavior characteristics during oestrus, a method of cow’s oestrus behavior recognition based on convolutional neural network (CNN) was proposed. The convolution neural network was constructed to improve the network training speed by batch normalization. Max-pooling was used as the down sampling, rectified linear units (ReLU) was used as the activation function, and softmax regression classifier was used as the output layer. Through the theoretical analysis and experimental verification, the network structure and parameters of 32×32-20c-2s-50c-2s-200c-2 were designed. Through video surveillance of dairy cow activity area, 150 video segments with oestrus span behavior were extracted from 50 cows behavior videos within 6 months. The network training data of 23 000 frames and the test data of 7 000 frames were randomly selected from selected video segments, which were used to train and test the CNN. The results showed that the recognition accuracy of estrus behavior in dairy cows was 98.25%, the missed detection rate was 5.80%, the false recognition rate was 1.75%, and the average recognition time of single frame image detection was 0.257 s. It proved that the method could realize the contactless real-time monitoring of the cow’s estrus span behavior and had a high recognition rate for cow estrus. It can significantly improve the management efficiency of large-scale farming, and had a good application prospect. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 32

Main heading: Behavioral research

Controlled terms: Convolution? - ?Deep learning? - ?Deep neural networks? - ?Image recognition? - ?Image segmentation? - ?Neural networks? - ?Security systems

Uncontrolled terms: Behavior characteristic? - ?Convolution neural network? - ?Convolutional neural network? - ?Estrus? - ?Experimental verification? - ?False recognition rate? - ?Management efficiency? - ?Span behavior

Classification code: 716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing? - ?914.1 Accidents and Accident Prevention? - ?971 Social Sciences

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.07.019

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

22. Inversion of Light Response Curve Characteristic Parameters of Maize Based on Cellphone Images

Accession number: 20194307589089

Title of translation:

Authors: Jia, Biao (1); He, Zheng (1)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan; 750021, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 7

Issue date: July 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 229-236

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: The characteristic parameters of light response can indicate the process of photosynthesis, capacity of photosynthesis, and response of adversity stress in crops. In order to explore the feasibility of using cellphone photos to predict the light response characteristic parameters of maize, canopy images at the big flare stage of the drip irrigation maize under different nitrogen levels were obtained by the self-developed portable image acquisition device. Feature parameters were extracted from the canopy image, and the photosynthetic physiological characteristics parameters were calculated, such as apparent quantum efficiency (α), dark respiration rate (Rd), light compensation point (LCP) and maximum net photosynthesis rate (Pnmax). A normalized canopy cover factor (CC) was highly correlated with the light response characteristic parameters, as an independent variable was used to predict these parameters. The optimal model was selected according to the model evaluation indicators such as R2, RMSE and nRMSE. The results showed that the optimal model of CC and α was the rational function model, the optimal model of Pnmax was the power function model, the optimal model of LCP was the exponential function model and the optimal model of Rd was the quadratic polynomial model. The R2 values of each model were greater than 0.876, the values of RMSE were between 0.002 μmol/(m2?s) and 3.673 μmol/(m2?s), and the nRMSE was no more than 9.071%. Meanwhile, the R2 values of each model validation set were greater than 0.833, the RMSE values were less than 5.989 μmol/(m2?s), and the nRMSE values were no more than 9.659%. Combining the digital image feature parameters with the maize light response curve characteristic parameters method, it was recommended to quickly acquire characteristic parameters of maize light response curve, which provided a theoretical basis for the light response. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 32

Main heading: Physiological models

Controlled terms: Exponential functions? - ?Grain (agricultural product)? - ?Irrigation? - ?Photosynthesis? - ?Rational functions? - ?Telephone sets

Uncontrolled terms: Canopy cover? - ?Cell phone? - ?Light response curves? - ?Maize? - ?Normalized

Classification code: 718.1 Telephone Systems and Equipment? - ?741.1 Light/Optics? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?921 Mathematics

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.07.025

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

23. Effects of Working Height of Single-rotor Unmanned Aerial Vehicle on Drift and Droplets Deposition Distribution of Areca Tree

Accession number: 20194307589109

Title of translation:

Authors: Wang, Juan (1, 2); Lan, Yubin (1, 3); Yao, Weixiang (1, 3); Chen, Pengchao (1, 3); Lin, Jinli (1, 3); Yan, Yingbin (1, 3)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou; 510642, China; (2) Mechanical and Electrical Engineering College, Hainan University, Haikou; 570228, China; (3) National Center for International Collaboration Research on Precision Agricultural Aviation Pesticides Spraying Technology (NPAAC), Guangzhou; 510642, China

Corresponding author: Lan, Yubin(ylan@scau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 7

Issue date: July 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 109-119

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Aiming to elucidate the effects of 3WQF120-12 single-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) on the effect of droplet, deposition distribution, ground loss droplets, drift, and applicability when spraying areca palm. The impact of different working heights of UAV on the spraying effect of areca palm canopy was mainly studied. In this experiment, the red stain aqueous solution with a mass fraction of 0.5% was selected and instead of pesticides. The droplets were collected on coated paper and analyzed by an image processing software (DepositScan). The results showed that when the operation height was 12.09 m, 11.46 m and 10.40 m, respectively, the operation height had no significant influence on the droplets deposition amount of the sampling points in each layer of the areca palm. Meanwhile, the deposition level in the upper canopy could reach 53.27%, that of the lower canopy and fruit layer can reach 59.19% and 27.91% of the upper canopy. The results of the droplets deposition at the ground loss sampling points showed that the droplets deposition of the three column sampling points on the ground was significantly affected by different operation heights. When the operation height was 10.40 m, the droplets loss on the ground was the least, and the average deposition level was about 19.9%. The data of the drift area showed that the three working heights had no significant influence on the droplets deposition of the sampling points in the drift line. When the working height was 12.09 m, the drift line sample location measured the largest amount of drift and the working height of 10.40 m had the smallest. At the same time, it was found that the downwind distance corresponding to 90% drift accumulation could reach as far as 36.35 m. Therefore, sufficient safety distance must be left for practical operation. The areca aerial spraying was very different from that of conventional crops, mainly in working speed and height. The speed of areca aerial spraying was about 1.5 m/s, which was much lower than usual speed (3~5 m/s), and the working height can usually be more than 10 m. The wake vortices were mainly influenced by working height, as the working height increased, the amount of droplets deposition was decreased, especially in the upper layer of the areas’ canopy. Due to the operation speed was slow, the acting time of the rotor wind field was relatively long. The combined action of downwash airflow and crosswind in the rotor wind field can significantly improve the penetration of droplets. In this experiment, there were three different working heights, and the droplet volume median diameter (VMD) of droplets in each layer was changed significantly with the working heights. With the increase of crosswind and working height, the droplet volume median diameter (VMD) of droplets in each layer was decreased, and the mean deposition and percent area coverage rate in the fruit layer could increase by up to 53.75% and 62.20%, respectively. In actual operations, appropriate operation parameters can be selected according to the growing period and the occurrence part of diseases and pests. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 34

Main heading: Drops

Controlled terms: Antennas? - ?Deposition? - ?Fruits? - ?Image processing? - ?Spraying? - ?Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)? - ?Wakes

Uncontrolled terms: Area coverage rate? - ?Areca? - ?Deposition distribution? - ?Deposition levels? - ?Drift law? - ?Image-processing software? - ?Operation parameters? - ?Safety distances

Classification code: 631.1 Fluid Flow, General? - ?652.1 Aircraft, General? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.07.011

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

24. Design and Test of Double-layer Non-parallel Vibrating Screens

Accession number: 20194307589176

Title of translation:

Authors: Wang, Lijun (1); Li, Rui (1); Yu, Yongtao (1); Shen, Baoshan (2); Liu, Tianhua (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China; (2) The 852 Farm of Heilongjiang Agricultural Reclamation, Shuangyashan; 155600, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 7

Issue date: July 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 130-139

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Most of cleaning devices in maize harvester are parallel-mounted double screen. In order to improve the screening performance of the double screens, a four DOF double-layer non-parallel vibrating screen mechanism and test bench were designed by using the bias crank slider mechanism. The mathematical model of mechanism motion was obtained by using matrix analysis method. The results showed that the sieve movement was non-harmonic periodic motion. The factors were the installation spacing of double screens, the mounting inclination of upper screen, and the transverse amplitude of screen. The indexes were the loss and impurity rate of maize. The test data were analyzed by the response surface method and the regression mathematical models were multi-objectively optimized by using Design-Expert software. When the mounting inclination of lower screen was 3.5°, the optimal parameters were the installation spacing of double screens of 292.99 mm, mounting inclination of upper screen of 3.04°, and transverse amplitude of screen of 5.55 mm. Test of driving mechanism size was done based on optimized parameter adjustment. Under the condition of the normal feed quantity of maize mixture of 5.05 kg/s, the loss rate of grain was 1.61% and the impurity rate of grain was 2.17% after screening, which can meet the performance requirement of maize harvester. Compared with the traditional double plane reciprocating vibrating screen cleaning device, the loss rate of grain was reduced by 1.59 percentage points. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 24

Main heading: Vibrating screens

Controlled terms: Cleaning? - ?Harvesters? - ?Mountings? - ?Software testing

Uncontrolled terms: Cleaning devices? - ?Crank slider mechanisms? - ?Driving mechanism? - ?Optimized parameter? - ?Performance requirements? - ?Response surface method? - ?Screening performance? - ?Vibration screen

Classification code: 601.2 Machine Components? - ?605.1 Small Tools, Powered? - ?723.5 Computer Applications? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations? - ?821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.07.013

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

25. Rice Planthopper Image Classification Method Based on Transfer Learning and Mask R-CNN

Accession number: 20194307589005

Title of translation: Mask R-CNN

Authors: Lin, Xiangze (1); Zhu, Saihua (1); Zhang, Junyuan (1); Liu, Deying (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing; 210031, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 7

Issue date: July 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 201-207

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to deal with the problem of low automation and low recognition accuracy in the current rice planthopper image recognition research, an image classification algorithm based on transfer learning and Mask R-CNN was proposed. Firstly, according to biological characteristics of rice planthopper, the self-developed wild insect image collection device was utilized to obtain insect images automatically. Then, the dataset was divided into two categories: rice planthopper and non-rice planthopper by the image label tool VIA, and was trained in the ResNet50 framework with transfer learning. Finally, the Mask R-CNN image classification experiments were carried out based on rice planthopper images, non-rice planthopper images, insect images with disturbances and those images which were adhesive and overlapping, respectively. Moreover, experiments were compared with SVM, BP neural network, which were traditional image classification algorithms, and Faster R-CNN algorithm. Experiment results showed that the method based on transfer learning and Mask R-CNN could distinguish the rice planthopper and non-rice planthopper images effectively and the average classification accuracy reached 0.923 under the same sample conditions, which could provide information support for the prevention and early warning of rice planthoppers. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 21

Main heading: Image classification

Controlled terms: Adhesives? - ?Animals? - ?Classification (of information)? - ?Image recognition? - ?Neural networks? - ?Support vector machines

Uncontrolled terms: Biological characteristic? - ?Classification accuracy? - ?Classification methods? - ?Image classification algorithms? - ?Information support? - ?Recognition accuracy? - ?Rice planthopper? - ?Transfer learning

Classification code: 716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing? - ?723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.07.021

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

26. Design and Reuse Technology of Mechanical Soybean Seed-metering Device Based on CBR

Accession number: 20194307589027

Title of translation: CBR

Authors: Liu, Hongxin (1); Zhou, Xingyu (1); Jia, Ru (1); Fu, Lulu (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 7

Issue date: July 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 39-50

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to reuse the design knowledge of mechanical soybean seed metering device, shorten the design cycle and reduce the design cost, the design reuse technology of mechanical soybean metering device was studied. It’s difficult to describe the design knowledge qualitatively and quantitatively of the traditional knowledge representation method of case-based reasoning (CBR), such as frame representation, semantic network representation, predicate logic representation and so on. In order to realize the visualization, standardization and unification of design knowledge, the product design knowledge was described in the form of case matter element which contained case name, characteristic attribute and measure value. The method was beneficial to the effective use of design knowledge. In order to facilitate case storage and retrieval, the organization structure and case creation method of the design reuse were studied, Classification of basic hierarchy by seed-metering device category, and a case base was constructed which case model was corresponding to the case matter element, and some case relational matter elements were contained in the case base. This kind of organization structure was beneficial to the retrieval and reuse of examples, which made the restorage of cases follow the rules and provided convenience for the management and maintenance of the case library. At the same time, the components of the products were no longer isolated individuals, which fully reflected the overall characteristics of the products. In order to quickly retrieve the instance that met the design requirements from the case library, the characteristic property parameters of the instance were divided into basic parameters, matching parameters and evaluation parameters. The retrieval range can be reduced to a specific type and operation speed of seed metering device for retrieval by the selection of basic parameters. Similarity of cases was calculated by using improved nearest neighbor algorithm. The weight of the attributes of an instance can be determined by expert scoring or analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method, which can reduce the amount of computation and improve the efficiency and accuracy of retrieval. In order to meet the specific design requirements of the user, the quantitative relationship between the design requirements and the structural parameters of the instance was established by using the method of rule association, and the rapid revision of the case was realized by modifying the key parts of the case-parameterized model. An example of mechanical soybean seed metering device design reuse was given, the case library was constructed by using Access and computer aided three-dimensional interactive application (CATIA), and the retrieval, evaluation and correction system of metering device was developed by Visual Basic. According to the current job object, the feasibility of the similar metering device was verified by using engineering discrete element method (EDEM) software and the modification suggestions were put forward. Finally, the simulation and prototype test of the revised metering device were carried out. The results showed that the improved metering device can meet the current requirements. The feasibility and effectiveness of the design reuse technology was validated. At the same time, it can also provide technical reference for intelligent design of other types of mechanical equipment. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 32

Main heading: Case based reasoning

Controlled terms: Analytic hierarchy process? - ?Computation theory? - ?Knowledge management? - ?Knowledge representation? - ?Pneumatic materials handling equipment? - ?Product design? - ?Semantics? - ?Three dimensional computer graphics

Uncontrolled terms: Analytic hierarchy process (ahp)? - ?Casebased reasonings (CBR)? - ?Characteristic properties? - ?Design reuse? - ?EDEM simulation? - ?Matter elements? - ?Nearest neighbor algorithm? - ?Seed metering devices

Classification code: 632.4 Pneumatic Equipment and Machinery? - ?721.1 Computer Theory, Includes Formal Logic, Automata Theory, Switching Theory, Programming Theory? - ?723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications? - ?913.1 Production Engineering? - ?961 Systems Science

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.07.004

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

27. Design and Experiment for Tillage Soil Groove Measurement System

Accession number: 20194307589164

Title of translation:

Authors: Wang, Weiwei (1, 2); Li, Jun (1); Wang, Qingqing (1); Li, Zhaodong (1, 2); Wu, Yaoyao (1); Chen, Liqing (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei; 230036, China; (2) Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Agricultural Machinery and Equipment, Hefei; 230036, China

Corresponding author: Chen, Liqing(lqchen@ahau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 7

Issue date: July 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 93-99

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to solve the problem that the characteristic parameters of soil surface groove are difficult to be measured after the operation of soil tillage parts, the traditional measurement methods have problems in measurement efficiency and error. A tillage soil groove measurement system based on laser triangulation was designed, the system included portable hardware structure and an interactive software system. The hardware structure was mainly composed of X/Y axis electric guides, laser range finder, rotary encoders, portable computer, level and aluminium profile. The interactive software based on LabView can realize high-precision scanning and positioning of X/Y electric guides based on motion controller and rotary encoder signals, the interactive interface displayed the groove width, groove depth, real-time plotting of soil disturbance and groove contour curve. The acquired points cloud was obtained by a spatial interpolation and the surface fitting algorithm to obtain a grooved 3-dimensional digital model. The field experiments and precision, method comparison experiments were conducted. The results showed that the measurement errors of horizontal direction and vertical direction were 0.59 mm and 0.02 mm, respectively. Compared with image detection method, the average relative errors of RMSH and CL were reduced by 2.1% and 1.1%, respectively. The measured value tended to be stable with the increase of sampling times, which can be used as the true value of measurement, and the measurement error was decreased exponentially. The average measuring time and relative error of the system measurement were 3.37% and 0.72 m2, respectively. The measuring system had measuring accuracy and reliability, which can satisfy automatic measurement of furrow type after farmland soil tillage. The requirement of chemical measurement provided a new idea for the quality analysis of soil tillage components and evaluation of tillage machinery and equipment. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 27

Main heading: Soil surveys

Controlled terms: Agriculture? - ?Chemical analysis? - ?Chemical equipment? - ?Computer hardware? - ?Computer programming languages? - ?Machinery? - ?Measurement errors? - ?Microcomputers? - ?Portable equipment? - ?Quality control ? - ?Range finders? - ?Signal encoding? - ?Soils? - ?Surface fitting? - ?Triangulation

Uncontrolled terms: Automatic measurements? - ?Average relative error? - ?Grooved characteristics? - ?Image detection method? - ?Interactive interfaces? - ?Laser triangulation? - ?Measurement system? - ?Tillage

Classification code: 405.3 Surveying? - ?483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing? - ?722 Computer Systems and Equipment? - ?722.4 Digital Computers and Systems? - ?723.1.1 Computer Programming Languages? - ?802.1 Chemical Plants and Equipment? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control? - ?913.3 Quality Assurance and Control? - ?943.1 Mechanical Instruments

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.07.009

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

28. Design and Experiment of Two-dimensional Cartridge Water Pump Based on Mathematical Model

Accession number: 20194307589065

Title of translation:

Authors: Jin, Dingcan (1); Ruan, Jian (1); Xing, Tong (1); Wang, Lingfeng (2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou; 310014, China; (2) Beijing Aerospace Technology Institute, China Aerospace Science and Technology Flight Technology Research Institute, Beijing; 100074, China

Corresponding author: Ruan, Jian(ruanjiane@zjut.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 7

Issue date: July 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 177-185

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: The distribution of water resources and the application of seawater desalination pumps in China were analyzed. Based on the traditional water pump, a water pump named two-dimensional cartridge pump composed of some pairs of unit pumps was proposed. Depending on the basic components of the unit pump set, namely the combined characteristics of two unit pumps were studied. Through the theoretical analysis and comparison with the traditional axial piston pump and centrifugal pump for water, the working principle and potential advantages of the two-dimensional cartridge water pump were expounded. The advantages included structural force balance, large displacement, oil and water separation, no structural flow ripple and so on. In the meantime, the mathematical modeling and analysis of the contact surface between cam and roller were carried out. Being different from the method of obtaining contact points by taking points in two dimensions after compensation, the mathematical model of contacting surface was established based on the analysis of the spatial contacting relationship between the roller and cam. The mathematical model of contacting surface was more precise which offered theoretical basis for the further research. The correctness of the mathematical model of contact surface and the advantage of no structural flow pulsation in two-dimensional cartridge pump were verified by the experimental study of piston movement and flow characteristics of two unit pump set. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 25

Main heading: Pumps

Controlled terms: Desalination? - ?Mathematical models? - ?Pistons? - ?Projectiles? - ?Structural analysis? - ?Water resources

Uncontrolled terms: Axial piston pump? - ?Contacting surfaces? - ?Distribution of water? - ?Flow charac-teristics? - ?Flow ripple? - ?Large displacements? - ?Seawater desalination? - ?Water pump

Classification code: 408.1 Structural Design, General? - ?444 Water Resources? - ?445.1 Water Treatment Techniques? - ?612.1.1 Internal Combustion Engine Components? - ?618.2 Pumps

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.07.018

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

29. Virtual Environment Construction and Simulation Platform of Harvesting Machinery

Accession number: 20194307589161

Title of translation:

Authors: Chen, Yan (1, 2); Zeng, Zeqin (1, 2); Wang, Jie (1, 2); Zou, Xiangjun (1, 2); Jia, Chunyang (1, 2); Zhang, Po (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou; 510642, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Key Technology on Agriculture Machine and Equipment, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou; 510642, China

Corresponding author: Zou, Xiangjun(xjzou1@163.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 7

Issue date: July 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 159-166

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to realize the design innovation of harvesting equipment and the simulation test of the machine operation behavior and performance, the corn harvesting equipment was taken as an example, the 3D simulation model of harvesting equipment was built by Unity3D virtual platform. In order to simulate the deformation of the plant, according to the rheological properties, the plant model was constructed by connecting multiple cylinders with virtual springs and virtual walls. Then, establishment of behavioral models achieved interaction between harvesting equipment and plants. Finally, the harvesting simulation platform was used to verify the harvesting simulation test under different conditions, including the state change test of the plant under wind and rain, the harvesting behavior observation test of the harvesting process and the harvesting performance test of harvesting equipment with the traveling speed and planting density as factors. The result was that the fruit loss rate was decreased rapidly with the increase of speed, but the rate was decreased slowly when the speed exceeded 0.385 m/s. At the same time, the higher the planting density was, the slower the fruit loss rate was decreased. Further analysis of variance showed that both the traveling speed and the planting density had significant effects on the harvesting performance of the harvesting equipment (P ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 35

Main heading: Virtual reality

Controlled terms: 3D modeling? - ?Fruits? - ?Harvesters? - ?Harvesting? - ?Simulation platform

Uncontrolled terms: Behavior observation? - ?Combine harvesters? - ?Design innovations? - ?Environment constructions? - ?Machine operation? - ?Multiple cylinders? - ?Rheological property? - ?Simulation tests

Classification code: 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.07.016

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

30. Design and Experiment of Model-free Output-feedback Control for Vehicle Active Suspensions

Accession number: 20194307589134

Title of translation:

Authors: Wang, Gang (1); Zhou, Zhijin (1); Chen, Haihong (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical Engineering, Guizhou Institute of Technology, Guiyang; 550003, China

Corresponding author: Zhou, Zhijin(zhouzhijingit@163.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 7

Issue date: July 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 389-397

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: A practical output-feedback control strategy using saturated super-twisting algorithm was proposed for the model-free vibration control problem of vehicle active suspension systems. Sensor noises and perturbed unknown dynamics were considered in the control design, and a higher order sliding mode observer was employed to estimate the total disturbance term and system states. To achieve second-order sliding mode using continuous control on the chosen sliding surface in finite time, a novel saturated super-twisting algorithm was used to design the closed-loop regulator. The exact feedback linearization was no longer required, and only one sensor was used to measure the output variable so as to decrease the control cost and complexity in the proposed control scheme. The asymptotical stability and boundedness of the system could be guaranteed by tuning the controller gains. Finally, the experimental validation based on hardware-in-loop test was implemented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. The simulation and experimental results for different road excitations showed the proposed control could achieve better ride comfort than the traditional proportion-differentiation (PD) and linear quadratic regulator (LQR) control methods, and the vibration damping performance was accomplished with less control chattering. The frequency response results showed that the maximum acceleration gain of passive control was 44.7 dB, and that of the LQR control was 29.4 dB, whereas that of the proposed control method was decreased to 13.5 dB, thus the ride comfort was significantly improved. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 22

Main heading: Suspensions (components)

Controlled terms: Active suspension systems? - ?Automobile suspensions? - ?Feedback control? - ?Feedback linearization? - ?Frequency response? - ?Linear control systems? - ?Sliding mode control? - ?Vehicles? - ?Vibration control? - ?Vibrations (mechanical)

Uncontrolled terms: Active suspension? - ?Exact feedback linearization? - ?Linear quadratic regulator control? - ?Output feedback controls? - ?Second order sliding modes? - ?Sliding mode observers? - ?Vehicle active suspension system? - ?Vehicle active suspensions

Classification code: 601.2 Machine Components? - ?662.4 Automobile and Smaller Vehicle Components? - ?731.1 Control Systems? - ?731.3 Specific Variables Control? - ?931.1 Mechanics

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.07.043

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

31. Chrysanthemum Petal Similarity Evaluation Based on Multi-probe Locality Sensitive Hashing

Accession number: 20194307589043

Title of translation: Multi-probe LSH

Authors: Yuan, Peisen (1); Zhai, Zhaoyu (2); Qian, Shuyun (1); Xu, Huanliang (1, 3)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing; 210095, China; (2) Superior School of Technical Engineering and Telecommunication Systems, Technical University of Madrid, Madrid; 28040, Spain; (3) National Engineering and Technology Center for Agriculture, Nanjing; 210095, China

Corresponding author: Xu, Huanliang(huanliangxu@njau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 7

Issue date: July 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 208-215

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Plant phenotyping is an important research topic in the field of botany. The similarity of plant phenotypes is widely used in plant taxonomy, ecology and digital agriculture etc. It is one of the important contents of plant phenotype research. Chrysanthemum is an important plant in China as well as in the world, and the phenotype similarity evaluation of chrysanthemum plays an important role in chrysanthemum classification and phenotypic research. The feature of high-dimension of massive chrysanthemum data brings great challenge for chrysanthemum phenotype analysis, from this point of view, the chrysanthemum phenotypic similarity query and evaluation were studied based on multi-probe locality sensitive hashing technique. For evaluating the similarity of chrysanthemum image, the SIFT features of the chrysanthemum images were extracted and clustered based on the K-means method. Hereafter, the bag of visual words (BoVW) model was built. Due to the high-dimensional nature of the image features, especially for the massive chrysanthemum images, the computing efficiency of the query was a big challenge for the high dimensional problem. The multi-probe locality sensitive hashing (LSH) was applied for chrysanthemum phenotype similarity computing. The multi-probe locality sensitive hashing technique was an optimization technique for high-dimensional data similarity query. By means of the technique, a hash data structure of chrysanthemum image data was constructed, which improved query efficiency in chrysanthemum similarity query and ensured the query result quality. The theory of the multi-probe locality sensitive hashing was analyzed, in addition to this, extensive experiments were conducted and important results were gained as well. Experiments showed that compared with linear scanning, the average success probability of the query can reach above 0.90, and the average acceleration ratio was 3.3~19.8, furthermore, it was also compared with the typical method in the aspects of query quality and query efficiency, and the results demonstrated that the method was better than the entropy based LSH in quality and performance. The experimental results revealed that the query quality and query efficiency could be tuned flexibly through the parameter settings of hash function number and the hash tables, which provided an elastic way for the choice for tuning the quality and efficiency. In addition, it can provide technical reference for massive chrysanthemum phenotypic similarity calculation. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 31

Main heading: Query processing

Controlled terms: Computation theory? - ?Data structures? - ?Efficiency? - ?Hash functions? - ?Image enhancement? - ?K-means clustering? - ?Petroleum reservoir evaluation? - ?Plants (botany)? - ?Probes

Uncontrolled terms: Chrysanthemum? - ?Locality sensitive hashing? - ?Multiprobes? - ?Petal similarity? - ?Phenotyping

Classification code: 512.1.2 Petroleum Deposits : Development Operations? - ?721.1 Computer Theory, Includes Formal Logic, Automata Theory, Switching Theory, Programming Theory? - ?723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing? - ?913.1 Production Engineering

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.07.022

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

32. Estimation of Maize Yield Based on Random Forest Regression

Accession number: 20194307589159

Title of translation:

Authors: Wang, Pengxin (1, 2); Qi, Xuan (1, 2); Li, Li (2, 3); Wang, Lei (1, 2); Xu, Lianxiang (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing for Agri-Hazards, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing; 100083, China; (3) College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 7

Issue date: July 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 237-245

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Dynamic monitoring of crop growth and accurate estimation of crop yield can provide effective support for agricultural operators’ field management and national food policy formulation. In order to improve the estimation accuracy of maize yield, a study was carried out in central plain of Hebei Province, including Baoding City, Shijiazhuang City, Cangzhou City, Hengshui City and Langfang City, from 2010 to 2018. The experiment was characterized by remotely sensed vegetation temperature condition index (VTCI) and Savitzky-Golay filtered leaf area index (LAI), which were closely related to maize growth and yield. Because the effects of water stress on maize yield at different growth stages were different, the weights of VTCI and LAI in the main growth stages (seedling-jointing, jointing-booting, booting-milking, milking-mature) of maize were determined by using the random forest regression method. The results showed that the weights based on the random forest regression were consistent with the actual growth of maize. Based on the determined weights, the weighted VTCI and LAI at the main growth stages of maize in each county (district) were calculated, and the univariate and bivariate estimation models of weighted VTCI and LAI with maize yield in 2010-2016 (except 2012) were constructed. The results showed that the accuracy of the bivariate estimation model (R2=0.303) was higher than that of the univariate estimation models, and the bivariate model reached a very significant level (P2. In order to further verify the accuracy of the bivariate estimation model, a linear regression analysis model between actual yield and estimated yield of maize in 2012 was established. It could be seen that there was a significant positive correlation between estimated yield and actual yield (P2 reached 0.540, further indicating that the accuracy of the bivariate estimation model based on random forest regression was high. The bivariate estimation model based on the random forest regression was used to estimate the yield of maize in the region from 2010 to 2018. The results showed that the spatial distribution of maize yield was the highest in the western region of the plain, the next was in the north and south regions, and the lowest was in the eastern region. The distribution in time was characterized by a tendency to decrease first in the fluctuations and then increase. This was consistent with the actual spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of maize yield. The research result can provide reference for maize growth monitoring and yield estimation. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 27

Main heading: Yield stress

Controlled terms: Crops? - ?Decision trees? - ?Mean square error? - ?Regression analysis? - ?Vegetation

Uncontrolled terms: Average relative error? - ?Different growth stages? - ?Leaf Area Index? - ?Maize? - ?Random forests? - ?Root mean square errors? - ?Spatial and temporal distribution? - ?Vegetation temperature condition index

Classification code: 821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics? - ?951 Materials Science? - ?961 Systems Science

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.07.026

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

33. Design and Experiment of Pneumatic Precision Seed-metering Device with Single Seed-metering Plate for Double-row

Accession number: 20194307589187

Title of translation:

Authors: Li, Yuhuan (1); Yang, Li (1, 2); Zhang, Dongxing (1, 2); Cui, Tao (1, 2); Ding, Li (1); Wei, Ya’nan (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Soil-Machine-Plant System Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing; 100083, China

Corresponding author: Yang, Li(yangli@cau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 7

Issue date: July 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 61-73

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Under the narrow-row-dense planting mode of beans, it is difficult to achieve high-speed precision seeding. However, a pneumatic precision seed-metering device with single seed-metering plate for double-row was developed, which used single-channel and single-row seeding tray to realize double-row seeding operation. The basic structure and working principle were expounded. The working area of the seeding device was divided, the structural form of the seeding tray was determined, the key parameters of the main structure were analyzed and the mathematical model was determined. The experiment was employed through the method of Box-Behnken orthogonal rotating center combination of three factors and three levels according to the GB 6973-2005 national standard. In test, soybean seed Zhonghuang 37 was selected as experimental material. Combining with extensive pre-experiment and theoretical analysis, hole diameter, vacuum degree, forward speed were taken as main influencing factors, the seed qualified index and missing index were taken as response index. The results showed that the order of contribution rates on the effect of inner qualified index was the vacuum degree, hole diameter and forward speed, the order of contribution rates on the effect of inner missing rate was vacuum degree, forward speed and hole diameter, the order of contribution rates on the effect of outer eligible rate was vacuum degree, forward speed and hole diameter, the order of contribution rates on the effect of outer qualified index was hole diameter, vacuum degree and forward speed. The optimal combination of parameters was as follows: the hole diameter was 4.5 mm, the vacuum degree was 4.5 kPa, the working speed was 10 km/h, and under the optimal combinations, the inner eligible rate was 97.83%, the inner missing index was 0.62%, the outer eligible rate was 98.24%, the outer missing rate was 0.47%. The verification test was repeated 10 times, the results indicated that the actual test results were in agreement with the optimization results. Then, a speed single factor test was carried out. The results showed that the inner and outer eligible rate were more than 93%, the inner and outer missing rate were not more than 5%, and the inner and outer multiple rate were not more than 2%. At last, the adaptation tests of peas, mung beans and adzuki beans were carried out. The results showed that the inner and outer circle eligible rate were more than 97%, the inner and outer missing rate were not more than 1%, and the inner and outer multiple rate were not more than 3%. The results of the research laid a foundation for the development of pneumatic precision seed-metering device for bean, and provided a reference for the research of bean narrow-row and flat-dense planter. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 27

Main heading: Seed

Controlled terms: Plates (structural components)? - ?Pneumatic materials handling equipment? - ?Pneumatics? - ?Speed? - ?Testing

Uncontrolled terms: Experimental materials? - ?Narrow-row-dense planting? - ?Optimal combination? - ?Precision seed-metering devices? - ?Precision seeding? - ?Seed metering devices? - ?Single seeds? - ?Verification tests

Classification code: 408.2 Structural Members and Shapes? - ?632.3 Pneumatics? - ?632.4 Pneumatic Equipment and Machinery? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.07.006

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

34. Digital Close Range Photogrammetry System for Soil Erosion

Accession number: 20194307588995

Title of translation:

Authors: Jiang, Yanmin (1, 2); Guo, Minghang (1, 3); Zhao, Jun (1, 3); Wen, Zhongming (1, 4); Lin, Qi (5); Shi, Haijing (1, 3)

Author affiliation: (1) Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China; (2) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100049, China; (3) Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China; (4) College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China; (5) Xi’an Dunrui Surveying Technology Co., Ltd., Xi’an; 710065, China

Corresponding author: Shi, Haijing(shihaijingcn@nwafu.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 7

Issue date: July 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 281-290

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Observing soil erosion process at fine spatial and temporal scale is of great significance to the study of soil erosion mechanism. A digital close range photogrammetric observation system based on wireless networking technique was explored and established. The evolution of soil surface topography was dynamically monitored by instantaneous image acquisition at different time intervals during ongoing rainfall. Noises on the images such as raindrops was removed by K-means clustering, digital point clouds were calculated and digital elevation model (DEM) was then generated. The results showed that the measurement precision of the established system could reach a sub-millimeter level, and the minimum measurement error was 0.006 2 mm. The maximum relative error between the measured value and the actual value was -2.968 3%. According to the experimental observations, the average relative error of soil loss was -1.73%, and the accuracy of single observation was up to 99.26%. The established digital photogrammetric observation system could accurately calculate the digital point cloud from the underlying surface with 1 min time interval and 2 mm spatial resolution. The observation methods explored provided a reliable way to monitor soil erosion processes, especially under rainfall conditions, which was of great importance in understanding soil erosion mechanisms. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 38

Main heading: Surveying

Controlled terms: Erosion? - ?Errors? - ?K-means clustering? - ?Photogrammetry? - ?Rain? - ?Soils? - ?Topography

Uncontrolled terms: Accuracy evaluation? - ?Camera calibration? - ?Digital close range photogrammetry? - ?Point cloud? - ?Soil erosion

Classification code: 405.3 Surveying? - ?443.3 Precipitation? - ?483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?951 Materials Science

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.07.031

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

35. Online Calculation Method of Fruit Trees Canopy Volume for Precision Spray

Accession number: 20194307589178

Title of translation:

Authors: Jiang, Honghua (1); Liu, Limin (2); Liu, Pingzeng (1); Wang, Jinyu (1); Zhang, Xiaohui (2); Gao, Dongsheng (3)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian; 271018, China; (2) College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian; 271018, China; (3) College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian; 271018, China

Corresponding author: Zhang, Xiaohui(zhangxh@sdau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 7

Issue date: July 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 120-129

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to solve the problem of synthetic void pre-judgment and anti-leakage spray, a new canopy partied volume method of fruit tree was developed based on void pre-judgment. The measurement sensors required were NU40F15TR-2M non-contact ultrasonic ranging sensor and SICK-DT35 non-contact laser ranging sensor, which were fixed on caterpillar self-propelled orchard sprayer. When information of fruits was collected, the vehicle’s traveling speed was 1.0 m/s, and the sensor was 1.4 m away from the tree trunk. Firstly, NU40F15TR-2M non-contact ultrasonic ranging sensor and SICK-DT35 non-contact laser ranging sensor were used to obtain orchard information point cloud pictures, ahead of nozzle 46 cm distance, which were distances between ranging sensor and fruits canopy. Continuous canopy width was calculated based on point cloud picture, and canopy width calculation formula was designed. At the same time, fruits void was reasoned by the formulas, and the abnormal data point was chosen with a negative canopy width value and replaced with data points of zero. Secondly, length of discrete canopy volume model was determined by E6B2-CWZ10C speed, because speed of caterpillar self-propelled orchard sprayer was nonuniform motion in actual travelling. Thus caterpillar self-propelled orchard sprayer travelling distance of a certain period time was calculated by uniform speed of caterpillar self-propelled orchard sprayer and variable rate spraying decision time. And variable spraying decision time was designed by a required time formula, which was satisfied with responsing time, effective spray time of the actuator and the real-time requirement of variable spray. Pulse number of E6B2-CWZ10C speed encoder was calculated based on the principle of itself and caterpillar self-propelled orchard sprayer driving distance of a certain period time. Thus discrete canopy length was obtained by E6B2-CWZ10C speed encoder and variable rate spraying decision time. Finally, fruits void and fruits canopy were judged by a model, which was used to distinguish fruits void, fruits canopy and the mixture of fruits void and fruits canopy. There were fruits void, when the average width was less than one tenth of the maximum width in the distance of discrete canopy length. Therefore, the discrete canopy width value was got and fruit tree canopy volume model was partied. This anti-leakage spray decision was made by designing logic operation. The testing results showed that the fusing sensor array and the blowout prevention strategy were the best. But there was the problem of overspray. By improving the fusion sensor array and testing, compared with the conventional fusion sensor array, the number of droplets in the upper, middle and lower canopy of the continuous dense orchard was decreased by 6.95%, 3.85%, and increased by 4.40%, respectively; the deposition amount was decreased by 11.11%, 8.33% and 3.57%, respectively. The number of droplets in the upper, middle and lower canopy of the spindle-type sparse orchard was decreased by 27.08%, 30.37% and 18.55%, respectively; the sedimentation was decreased by 64.71%, 60.87% and 40.38%, respectively. The number of droplets in the upper, middle and lower canopy of the single plant type sparse orchard was decreased by 18.44%, 26.26% and 15.54% respectively; the sedimentation was decreased by 40%, 42.43% and 41.46%, respectively. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 25

Main heading: Fruits

Controlled terms: Blowout prevention? - ?Drops? - ?Forestry? - ?Orchards? - ?Signal encoding? - ?Speed

Uncontrolled terms: Canopy volume? - ?Fruit trees? - ?Online calculations? - ?Point cloud? - ?Void prejudgement

Classification code: 716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?914.1 Accidents and Accident Prevention

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.07.012

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

36. Design and Test of Clipping-plug Type Transplanting Mechanism of Rice Plug-seedling

Accession number: 20194307589168

Title of translation:

Authors: Yu, Gaohong (1, 2); Jin, Ye (1, 2); Chang, Shushu (1, 2); Ye, Bingliang (1, 2); Gu, Jinbo (3); Zhao, Xiong (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou; 310018, China; (2) Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Transplanting Equipment and Technology, Hangzhou; 310018, China; (3) Zhejiang Xiaojing Machinery Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Shaoxing; 312000, China

Corresponding author: Ye, Bingliang(zist_ybl@zstu.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 7

Issue date: July 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 100-108

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to solve the problem of failure on clipping-seedling type transplanting mechanism of rice plug-seedling during seedling pick-up and not fully push-pull pushing that affect the upright degree of seedling, according to the design requirement of rice plug-seedling transplanting mechanism, a kind of clipping-plug type transplanting mechanism of rice plug-seedling was proposed. Firstly, according to the kinematic model of transplanting mechanism, an auxiliary analysis and optimization software of this kind of rice potted-seedling transplanting mechanism was independently developed with Visual Basic 6.0, and the influence of main parameters on the transplanting trajectory was also analyzed by the software. With the method of human-computer interaction based on visualization, a set of structural parameters satisfying the transplanting requirements was carried out. Then, according to the optimized parameters of mechanism, the overall structural design of the transplanting mechanism was completed. The correctness of the theoretical model and design of the transplanting mechanism was verified by the virtual simulation analysis of the transplanting mechanism. Finally, the test-bed for rice plug-seedling transplanting was designed, on which the seedling experiment of the transplanting mechanism was carried out. When the rotational speed of the transplanting mechanism was 50 r/min, the average success rate of seedling pick-up was 93.06%, which was decreased with the increase of rotational speed. When the rotational speed was 80 r/min, the average success rate of seedling pick-up dropped to 88.89%. It was showed that the mechanism had high seedling transplanting efficiency and high seedling success rate, so it can be applied to rice plug-seedling transplanting machine. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 20

Main heading: Visual BASIC

Controlled terms: Human computer interaction? - ?Kinematics? - ?Pickups? - ?Structural design? - ?Testing

Uncontrolled terms: Clipping-plug? - ?Optimization software? - ?Plug seedling? - ?Rice potted seedling? - ?Seedling transplanting? - ?Structural parameter? - ?Theoretical modeling? - ?Transplanting mechanisms

Classification code: 408.1 Structural Design, General? - ?723.1.1 Computer Programming Languages? - ?931.1 Mechanics

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.07.010

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

37. Structure Design and Characteristic Analysis of Nonlinear Double-end Fixed Trapezoidal Beam Piezoelectric Energy Harvester

Accession number: 20194307589155

Title of translation:

Authors: Gao, Shiqiao (1); Yan, Li (1); Jin, Lei (1); Zhang, Xiyang (1); Zhang, Guangyi (2)

Author affiliation: (1) State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing; 100081, China; (2) Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo; 315201, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 7

Issue date: July 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 398-405

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: A kind of nonlinear double-end fixed trapezoidal beam piezoelectric energy harvester (PEH) was designed to collect the vibration energy in the environment, piezoelectric energy harvester can transform vibration energy to electricity to supply for miniature electronic components. The vibration frequency of vibration sources was mostly below 100 Hz in natural environment, in order to reduce the resonant frequency, widen bandwidth and improve output performance of the piezoelectric energy harvester, the non-contact magnetic force was introduced. On the basis of theoretical analysis, Matlab/Simulink simulation model was established and experiment was carried out to compare the resonant frequency, bandwidth and output performance of linear and nonlinear double-end fixed trapezoidal beam piezoelectric energy harvester. Meanwhile, the response of output performance when three parameters (the space d between fixed magnet and mass block magnet, external load resistance R and the external excitation acceleration a) change was studied. The results of simulation and experiment showed that the introduction of non-contact magnetic force can reduce the resonant frequency of the piezoelectric energy harvester by 9 Hz, widen its bandwidth by 20% and increase its output power by 7.5%. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 22

Main heading: Piezoelectricity

Controlled terms: Bandwidth? - ?Computer simulation? - ?Energy harvesting? - ?Magnets? - ?Mathematical transformations? - ?MATLAB? - ?Natural frequencies? - ?Piezoelectric devices

Uncontrolled terms: Characteristic analysis? - ?Matlab/Simulink simulation? - ?Miniature electronics? - ?Natural environments? - ?Nonlinear? - ?Output performance? - ?Piezoelectric energy harvesters? - ?Vibration frequency

Classification code: 525.5 Energy Conversion Issues? - ?701.1 Electricity: Basic Concepts and Phenomena? - ?716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing? - ?723.5 Computer Applications? - ?921.3 Mathematical Transformations

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.07.044

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

38. Preparation and Performance Characterization of Boron Sustained-release Super Absorbent Resin

Accession number: 20194307589140

Title of translation:

Authors: Wang, Yuxin (1); Li, Xueyuan (1); Zhao, Ya’nan (1); Wang, Pingzhi (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 7

Issue date: July 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 340-348

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Diglyceride borate was successfully prepared from boric acid and glycerol by clean and efficient microwave esterification. Then glycerol propylene borate was synthesized successfully from glycerol borate and acryloyl chloride. Boron sustained-release super absorbent resin with hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) as the framework was successfully prepared using propylene glycerol borate as the functional monomer containing boron. At the same time, the water absorption ratio, water absorption rate, water holding capacity, structure and morphology of the product were characterized. From the results of infrared spectra, it can be seen that glycerol propylene borate with double bond structure was successfully prepared and boron-containing super absorbent resin was successfully synthesized by graft copolymerization. The results showed that with the increase of boron-containing functional monomers, the absorption ratio of boron-containing HPMC superabsorbent resin was decreased gradually. When the addition of boron-containing functional monomers was 1% of the mass of acrylic acid, the water absorption ratio of HPMC boron-containing super absorbent resin was 344.06 g/g and the salt absorption ratio was 44.71 g/g. When the amount of boron-containing functional monomers was 5% of the mass of acrylic acid, the water absorption ratio of HPMC boron-containing super absorbent resin was decreased to 213.69 g/g and the salt absorption ratio was decreased to 26.03 g/g. The super absorbent resin had good water retention and could hold water for more than 72 h at 35. The super absorbent resin had good water retention. The water retention rate could still reach 23.46% after 72 h of water absorption to saturation at 35. The super absorbent resin had good reusability. After 6 times of reuse, the repetitive absorbent water could still reach more than 60% and the repetitive salt absorption rate could still reach more than 40%. The super absorbent resin had good sustained-release property of boron, and it could sustainably release boron in deionized water for 10 d. The sustained release amount of boron reached 182.77 μg. It could sustainably release boron in seedling matrix for more than 25 d. When the addition amount was 0.5% of the quality of seedling matrix, boron leaching from mixed substrates was 0.80 μg/g more than that from common substrates. In addition, HPMC boron-containing super absorbent resin also had good thermal stability, and its morphological characteristics were conducive to promoting the absorption of liquids. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 29

Main heading: Water absorption

Controlled terms: Acrylic monomers? - ?Boric acid? - ?Boron? - ?Carboxylic acids? - ?Chlorine compounds? - ?Deionized water? - ?Glycerol? - ?Grafting (chemical)? - ?Organic polymers? - ?Propylene ? - ?Resins? - ?Reusability? - ?Water conservation

Uncontrolled terms: Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose? - ?Microwave esterifications? - ?Morphological characteristic? - ?Performance characterization? - ?Preparation? - ?Structure and morphology? - ?Superabsorbent resin? - ?Sustained release

Classification code: 444 Water Resources? - ?445.1 Water Treatment Techniques? - ?549.3 Nonferrous Metals and Alloys excluding Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals? - ?802.2 Chemical Reactions? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations? - ?804.1 Organic Compounds? - ?804.2 Inorganic Compounds? - ?815.1.1 Organic Polymers

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.07.037

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

39. Effect of Mulched Drip Irrigation with Brackish Saline Water on Soil Water Repellency Characteristics of Saline-Alkali Field

Accession number: 20194307589186

Title of translation:

Authors: Zhou, Lifeng (1, 2); Yang, Rong (1, 2); Feng, Hao (3)

Author affiliation: (1) Linze Inland River Basin Research Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou; 730000, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Eco-hydrology of Inland River Basin, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou; 730000, China; (3) Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China

Corresponding author: Feng, Hao(nercwsi@vip.sina.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 7

Issue date: July 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 322-332

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: A two-year field experiment was conducted to investigate soil electric conductivity (EC1:5), soil pH value, and soil water repellency (SWR) in response to mulching method (M1: fully mulched, M2: partially mulched) and dripped irrigation frequency with brackish saline water in the Hetao Irrigation District under arid growing conditions. SWR was assessed by using the water drop penetration time (WDPT) method, and soil-water repellency characteristic curves (SWRCC) were built. Results demonstrated that SWR and EC1:5 showed a significant positive correlation in mulched drip irrigated saline-alkali field; while it was not so obvious between SWR and soil pH value. Under the experiment condition with weak alkaline and brackish irrigation water, WDPTs of the soil near drip emitters were decreased on the 7th day after each drip irrigation at low irrigation frequency; whereas, WDPTs of the soil away from drip emitters were increased on the 7th day after a single irrigation. WDPTs were overall decreased after high frequency irrigation (once every three days). SWRCC in mulched drip irrigated saline-alkali soil can be well fitted by Gaussian and Lorentzian equations. The SWRCC curves showed that drip irrigation showed no effect (Pm (the volumetric soil moisture when WDPT was maximum), whereas significantly changed θc (the volumetric soil moisture when WDPT was less than 5 s). Lorentzian equations showed better performance for SWRCC regression than Gaussian equations, and θm and θc can be obtained from Lorentzian curve. The research result can provide assistance for utilization of drip irrigation with brackish saline water and water repellent soil. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 46

Main heading: Saline water

Controlled terms: Alkalinity? - ?Drops? - ?pH? - ?Soil moisture? - ?Subirrigation

Uncontrolled terms: Hetao irrigation districts? - ?High frequency irrigation? - ?Mulched drip irrigations? - ?Positive correlations? - ?Saline-alkali soils? - ?Soil water repellency? - ?Volumetric soil moistures? - ?Water drop penetration time

Classification code: 444 Water Resources? - ?483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?801.1 Chemistry, General? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.07.035

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

40. Correction of Crop Production Potential Index in Mountainous Area Based on Geodetector

Accession number: 20194307589002

Title of translation:

Authors: Yang, Yongxia (1, 2); Zhang, Han (1); Guo, Yaping (1); Zhang, Lihong (1); Sang, Jing (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Key Laboratory for Agricultural Land Quality, Monitoring and Control, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing; 100035, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 7

Issue date: July 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 267-274

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: The cultivated land quality grading results are an important reference for the implementation of the trinity protection of cultivated land quantity, quality and ecology. Crop production potential index is one of the most important parameters in the evaluation of cultivated land quality, and its accuracy determines the scientific nature of the survey results of cultivated land quality grades in China. By using the method of geodetector, a total of 70 counties, including Ping’an county and its surrounding counties were used as research objects to detect the interpretation of production potential index by different stratification methods of topography and meteorological factors, and revise the production potential index of appointment crop. The key results were as follows: in the study area, the factors that significantly affected the crop production potential index were altitude and annual average rainfall; the stratification method of altitude with the highest explanatory power for crop light temperature production potential index was based on 1 100 m, and 200 m as interval; the stratification method of annual average rainfall with the highest explanatory power for crop light temperature production potential index was based on 0 mm, and 100 mm as interval; for the climate production potential index, the stratification method of altitude with the highest explanatory power was based on 1 100 m, and 200 m as interval, and the stratification method of annual average rainfall was based on 25 mm, and 50 mm as interval. According to the correction result of Ping’an county, the crop light temperature production potential index was reduced to a different extent compared with the light temperature production potential index used in cultivated land quality grade survey and evaluation; while the climate production potential index was generally rose. Using the model proposed, natural grade of non-irrigated cultivated land was rose overall, but natural grade of irrigated cultivated land was reduced in different extents. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 30

Main heading: Crops

Controlled terms: Cultivation? - ?Grading? - ?Land use? - ?Object detection? - ?Quality control? - ?Rain? - ?Surveys? - ?Topography

Uncontrolled terms: Climate production? - ?Crop production? - ?Cultivated land qualities? - ?Cultivated lands? - ?Explanatory power? - ?Geodetector? - ?Meteorological factors? - ?Mountainous area

Classification code: 403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development? - ?443.3 Precipitation? - ?723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?913.3 Quality Assurance and Control? - ?951 Materials Science

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.07.029

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

41. Retrieving Soil Moisture Content in Field Maize Root Zone Based on UAV Multispectral Remote Sensing

Accession number: 20194307589100

Title of translation:

Authors: Zhang, Zhitao (1, 2); Tan, Chengxuan (1, 2); Xu, Chonghao (1, 2); Chen, Shuobo (1, 2); Han, Wenting (1, 3); Li, Yu (2)

Author affiliation: (1) Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China; (2) College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China; (3) College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 7

Issue date: July 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 246-257

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Rapid acquisition of soil moisture content (SMC) in crop root zone is the key to drought supervision and precision irrigation. The relationship between the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) multispectral remote sensing and SMC was mainly studied based on the field maize data of experimental station in Zhaojun Town, Dalate Qi, Inner Mongolia. The canopy images of field maize with five irrigation treatments were obtained at different growth stages (vegetative stage, reproductive stage and maturation stage) through the six-rotor UAV equipped with 5-band multispectral camera, and the SMC values at corresponding time was acquired by drying method on the field at five soil depth (10 cm, 20 cm, 30 cm, 45 cm and 60 cm). Then the spectral reflectance of field maize canopy was extracted to calculate a number of vegetation indexes (VIs). Firstly, data was adopted to analyze the grey relationships between SMC and the selected typical VIs, and the selected typical VIs were used to determine the sensitivity of different VIs to SMC at different growth stages. Secondly, machine learning models of Cubist, back propagation neural network (BPNN) and support vector machine regression (SVR) were constructed and verified. The result showed that the three machine learning models showed good performance on modeling and prediction at different growth stages. The effectiveness of the SVR model was optimal among the three machine methods. The effect of the BPNN model followed, and the Cubist model was relatively the worst. The optimal model was the SVR model at M stage, the modeling R2 and validation R2 for the SVR model were 0.851 and 0.875, and the root mean square error (RMSE) both were 0.7%, and the normalized root mean square error (nRMSE) were 8.17% and 8.32%, respectively. The inversion accuracy of the SVR model at R stage performed badly, the modeling R2 and validation R2 for the SVR model were 0.619 and 0.517, respectively. The research result was of great significance to monitor the soil moisture content in root area of crops and meaningful to precision irrigation. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 52

Main heading: Remote sensing

Controlled terms: Antennas? - ?Backpropagation? - ?Crops? - ?Irrigation? - ?Learning systems? - ?Machine learning? - ?Mean square error? - ?Moisture control? - ?Moisture determination? - ?Neural networks ? - ?Soil moisture? - ?Support vector machines? - ?Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)? - ?Vegetation

Uncontrolled terms: Back-propagation neural networks? - ?Maize? - ?Modeling and predictions? - ?Multispectral remote sensing? - ?Root mean square errors? - ?Support vector machine regression (SVR)? - ?UAV remote sensing? - ?Vegetation index

Classification code: 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?652.1 Aircraft, General? - ?723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications? - ?723.4 Artificial Intelligence? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics? - ?944.2 Moisture Measurements

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.07.027

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

42. Microbial Diversity in Composting of Two Formulated Waste Sticks

Accession number: 20194307589046

Title of translation:

Authors: Dai, Xiaohang (1, 2); Wei, Chao (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) Analysis and Testing Cente, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu; 610066, China; (2) Security Risk Assessment Laboratory (Chengdu), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu; 610066, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 7

Issue date: July 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 275-280 and 321

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Based on the high-throughput DNA sequencing of Illumina, the microbial community composition of the compost ofmushroom residue added with cow dung and turf as the nitrogen source was entirely clarified, respectively. The results showed that the biodiversity of organic manure produced by “cow dung + mushroom residue” was higher than that of “turf + mushroom residue”, and the fungal difference was greater than that of bacteria; compared with the compost of “turf + mushroom residue”, the compost of “cow dung + mushroom residue” had 10 dominant bacteria and six dominant fungi at genus level, at the same time, the compost of “turf + mushroom residue” had 14 dominant genus and four dominant fungal genus relative to “cattle manure + fungus”. Therefore, the microbial communities had no significant difference between two formula composts. At the same time, it was found that a variety of functional bacteria with agricultural value can provide a scientific basis for the development and utilization of functional microorganisms in the future, such as Chaetomium. In addition, some potential hazard factors, such as Aspergillus_ flavus and Aspergillus_subversicolor were found to be highly abundant in the “cow dung + mushroom residue” organic fertilizer, which produced the toxin was likely to cause crop pollution. Agricultural producers and related management departments should pay attention to the risks. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 24

Main heading: Bacteria

Controlled terms: Agriculture? - ?Biodiversity? - ?Composting? - ?DNA sequences? - ?Fertilizers? - ?Gene encoding? - ?Manures? - ?Waste treatment

Uncontrolled terms: Development and utilizations? - ?DNA Sequencing? - ?Functional bacteria? - ?Microbial? - ?Microbial communities? - ?Microbial community composition? - ?Microbial diversity? - ?Mushroom residue

Classification code: 452.4 Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal? - ?454 Environmental Engineering? - ?461.2 Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering? - ?461.9 Biology? - ?804 Chemical Products Generally? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control? - ?821.5 Agricultural Wastes

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.07.030

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

43. Effects of Straw Mulching and Tillage on Soil Water Characteristics

Accession number: 20194307589114

Title of translation:

Authors: Liu, Jilong (1); Li, Jiawen (1); Zhou, Yan (1); Fu, Qiang (1); Zhang, Lingling (2); Liu, Lu (1)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China; (2) School of Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China

Corresponding author: Zhou, Yan(zhouyan_neau@126.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 7

Issue date: July 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 333-339

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: By analyzing the effects of different straw mulching amounts and tillage methods on the soil porosity, soil water retention property, soil water supply capacity and soil water effectiveness in 0~20 cm, 20~40 cm and 40~60 cm soil layers, the mechanism of straw mulching and tillage methods on soil water characteristics in black soil region was revealed. The result showed that soil water retention property, soil water supply capacity and soil water effectiveness were closely related to soil porosity. Under conventional tillage treatment, the soil total porosity, soil capillary porosity, soil water content under the same soil water suction, specific water capacity and available water content under straw mulching treatment were higher than those under bare soil in 0~20 cm, 20~40 cm and 40~60 cm soil layers. Under straw mulching treatment, the soil total porosity, soil capillary porosity, soil water content under the same soil water suction, specific water capacity and available water content under no-tillage treatment were higher than those under conventional tillage treatment in 0~20 cm, 20~40 cm and 40~60 cm soil layers. No-tillage with straw mulching treatment affected soil porosity, soil water retention property, soil water supply capacity and soil water effectiveness. Under no-tillage treatment, soil total porosity, soil capillary porosity, soil water content under the same soil water suction, specific water capacity and available water content were increased with the increase of straw mulching. Soil porosity, soil water retention property and soil water supply capacity were decreased gradually with soil depth. The most suitable straw mulching and tillage method in the study area was no-tillage with 150% straw mulching. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 27

Main heading: Soil moisture

Controlled terms: Agriculture? - ?Porosity? - ?Textile blends? - ?Water supply

Uncontrolled terms: Soil Porosity? - ?Soil water? - ?Soil-water retention properties? - ?Straw mulching? - ?Supply capacity? - ?Tillage methods

Classification code: 446.1 Water Supply Systems? - ?483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?819.5 Textile Products and Processing? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control? - ?931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.07.036

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

44. Influences of Biochar on Soil Fertility and Soybean Yield and Its Prediction

Accession number: 20194307589081

Title of translation:

Authors: Wei, Yongxia (1, 2); Wang, He (1); Liu, Hui (2, 3); Wu, Yu (4, 5)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China; (2) Key Laboratory of High Efficiency Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China; (3) School of Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China; (4) Heilongjiang Agricultural Reclamation Survey and Research Institute, Harbin; 150090, China; (5) College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin; 150040, China

Corresponding author: Liu, Hui(xiaolaida@163.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 7

Issue date: July 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 302-312

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to investigate the prolonged actions of biochar on soil fertility and soybean yield in sloping farm land of the black soil region of Northeast China, an experiment about the prolonged actions of biochar in sloping farm land with three typical slope gradients was conducted in 2016-2018. The prolonged affects of biochar on soil agglomeration and its stability, soil nutrients, soybean yield and its components were analyzed, and the soybean yield was predicted based on an improved grey theory prediction model. And then the affecting period of biochar on yield increasing after one-time application was clarified. The results showed that the contents of soil aggregates with diameter of d0.25 mm were significantly decreased and increased, respectively. The application of biochar made the water-stable aggregate content ratio R0.25, the average mass diameter (MWD) and the geometric mean diameter (GMD) all increased and the soil unstable group LT grain index (ELT) decreased, that was the stability of soil aggregates was decreased with the increase of land slope gradients and prolonged period after biochar application. Biochar made the pH value, ammonium nitrogen, available potassium and organic matter content increased significantly(P ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 38

Main heading: Soils

Controlled terms: Agglomeration? - ?Aggregates? - ?Forecasting? - ?Nutrients? - ?pH effects? - ?Slope stability

Uncontrolled terms: Bio chars? - ?Grey prediction? - ?Prolonged effect? - ?Soil fertility? - ?Soybean yield? - ?Wet-stabilized agglomerates

Classification code: 406 Highway Engineering? - ?406.2 Roads and Streets? - ?483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?801.1 Chemistry, General? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.07.033

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

45. Design and Test of Pilot Pulsed Vacuum Infrared Drying Equipment for Poria cocos

Accession number: 20194307589040

Title of translation:

Authors: Zhang, Weipeng (1); Zheng, Zhian (2); Chen, Chang (3); Pan, Zhongli (3)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Material and Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing; 100048, China; (2) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (3) Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of California at Davis, Davis; CA; 95616, United States

Corresponding author: Zheng, Zhian(zhengza@cau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 7

Issue date: July 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 362-371

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to solve the problem of long drying time and high breakage rate of Poria cocos cubes during industrial drying process, the infrared drying technology of carbon fibers was combined with the vacuum pulsating drying technology, and a pulsed vacuum drying equipment was designed based on characteristic carbon fibers infrared plate. The pilot-scale drying equipment consisted of drying chamber, vacuum system, single-layer drying unit and control system. For convenience of analysis, the actual vacuum pulsed process was divided into four stages: vacuum stage, vacuum holding stage, breaking stage and atmospheric pressure holding stage. The touch screen was connected with the slave controllers by RS232/485 to form a network, and communicated with each other through the MODBUS protocol. Based on the monitoring of vacuum degree in drying chamber, the continuous conversion from vacuum to atmospheric pressure in drying chamber was realized by time sequence control. Based on the monitoring of the temperature of carbon fiber infrared board and the feedback of the drying temperature, the drying temperature can be effectively controlled. Poria cocos cubes with size of 12 mm×12 mm×12 mm was used as experimental material to verify the results. The results showed that the design and control scheme of the drying equipment were reliable, and the continuous pulsation of vacuum-atmospheric pressure can be realized, and the material can be dried effectively. The shortest drying time was about 480 min when the vacuum duration time and atmospheric pressure duration time were 5 min and 4 min, respectively. Compared with continuous hot air drying, the breakage rate of pulsed vacuum drying was obviously reduced. The drying equipments and results can be applied to the drying of Poria cocos cubes, which can provide theoretical basis for the combined application of infrared drying technology and pulsed vacuum drying technology. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 28

Main heading: Infrared drying

Controlled terms: Atmospheric pressure? - ?Carbon fibers? - ?Controllers? - ?Drying? - ?Geometry? - ?Infrared radiation? - ?Touch screens

Uncontrolled terms: Design and control? - ?Drying temperature? - ?Experimental materials? - ?Poria cocos cubes? - ?Pulsed vacuum? - ?Single-layer drying? - ?Slave controllers? - ?Time sequence control

Classification code: 443.1 Atmospheric Properties? - ?722.2 Computer Peripheral Equipment? - ?732.1 Control Equipment? - ?741.1 Light/Optics? - ?804 Chemical Products Generally? - ?921 Mathematics

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.07.040

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

46. Effects of Irradiation on Structure and Physicochemical Properties of Soluble Dietary Fiber of Bean Dregs

Accession number: 20194307589025

Title of translation:

Authors: Li, Yang (1); Chen, Fanfan (1); Yang, Shuo (1); Guo, Zengwang (1); Wang, Zhongjiang (1); Teng, Fei (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China

Corresponding author: Teng, Fei(tengfei-5730@sina.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 50

Issue: 7

Issue date: July 25, 2019

Publication year: 2019

Pages: 372-380

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: The soluble dietary fiber (SDF) was extracted after pretreatment of bean dregs by irradiation technology. The microstructure, crystallinity and basic structure were observed by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and infrared spectroscopy to analyze the effects of irradiation technology for SDF. The yield and water holding capacity of SDF, expansion force, cation exchange capacity, combined hydraulic power, α-glucosidase activity and antioxidant activity were obtained to explore the effect of irradiation technology on its physical and chemical properties. The results showed that the microstructure, the crystallinity, the physical and chemical properties of irradiated SDF were significantly improved compared with the unirradiated bean dreg SDF. The microstructure of irradiated SDF was finer and fluffy, and the crystallinity was improved by 3.78 percentage points. And the extraction rate was improved from 2.36% to 4.15%, the expansion force was increased from 4.24 mL/g to 5.36 mL/g, the combined hydraulic power was increased from 2.93 g/g to 3.21 g/g, the water holding capacity was increased by 0.52 g/g, the antioxidant capacity was increased by 1.23 mmol/g, cation exchange capacity and α-glucosidase activity were also significantly increased. Irradiation affected the physical and chemical properties of the bean dregs by changing the structure of the SDF. This experiment provided a theoretical basis for the study of the mechanism of irradiation on bean dregs SDF and the technology of bean dregs storage, and also provided a method for the extraction of soluble dietary fiber. ? 2019, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 56

Main heading: Irradiation

Controlled terms: Antioxidants? - ?Chemical properties? - ?Crystallinity? - ?Extraction? - ?Fibers? - ?Infrared spectroscopy? - ?Microstructure? - ?Physicochemical properties? - ?Plants (botany)? - ?Positive ions ? - ?Radiation? - ?Scanning electron microscopy? - ?X ray diffraction

Uncontrolled terms: Anti-oxidant activities? - ?Antioxidant capacity? - ?Cation exchange capacities? - ?Extraction of soluble dietary fibers? - ?Irradiation technology? - ?Physical and chemical properties? - ?Soluble dietary fiber? - ?Water holding capacity

Classification code: 801 Chemistry? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations? - ?803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals? - ?804 Chemical Products Generally? - ?951 Materials Science

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.07.041

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village