In the process of structure design of drum-type no-till planter mechanism, many parameters are involved, interaction is complicated, calculation is large, calculation method is tedious, design period is long, and the optimization design of mechanism is not easy to complete. An interactive design platform was studied. Through man-machine interaction, the design cycle was shortened and the mechanism was optimized. Based on the kinematics analysis of the core mechanism composed of duckbill drum seeding device and drum driven by its duckbill, the mathematical models of the driving angle, aiding angle, angular velocity and the angular velocity of roller were established. With plant spacing, return amount and sowing depth as design parameters, objective function and constraint conditions were constructed, optimization algorithm was determined, and structural parameters which met the design requirements were obtained, including the basic structural parameters of roller radius, drum radius, duckbill height and duckbill number, and auxiliary structural parameters of the booster angle, driving angle, number of holes and length of hole. According to the optimization algorithm, the program was written by using Matlab, and the optimized structure parameters were obtained directly through the Matlab graphical user interface. Through the secondary development under the environment of CATIA, the parameterized model was established by using the association design method, and the optimized structural parameters were used to drive the model. According to the structural parameters obtained from the system, the structure test prototype of the drumtype notill planter mechanism was processed and the functional test of the prototype was carried out. The interactive optimal design system can quickly generate various structural parameters under different requirements, get the optimal parameter combination accurately, generate the required model, shorten the designer’s design time to the maximum extent, and improve the design efficiency and accuracy. At the same time, it provided a general method for the study of this kind of problems.