A hydrogen fueled constant volume combustion simulation apparatus was designed. By means of Schlieren method, combustion characteristics of hydrogen-air pre-mixture were studied in the apparatus on the condition of no adaptor and built-in one. The result showed that it was able to simulate the auto-ignition of the pre-mixture. Under the experimental conditions, there was a jet of flames on both sides of the spherical flame respectively in the test with no adaptor; the auto-ignition of unburned gas appeared firstly in the angle between the spherical flame front and the chamber wall. In the test with built-in adaptor, it could achieve auto-ignition through both plans. The second plan can effectively prevent the flame propagation from the upper chamber to the lower one, and the unburned gas was auto-ignited.