Aiming to address the limitations in plant spacing adjustment capability and the issues of low seeding precision and poor uniformity caused by high-speed slippage in traditional ground-wheel-driven potato planters, an intelligent precision seeding control system for potatoes was developed. The system replaced the mechanical ground-wheel drive with a hydraulic motor drive, achieving independent control of two seeding units through a dual-circuit hydraulic integrated valve block. A PLC controller integrating a fuzzy PID algorithm was developed, establishing a closed-loop speed regulation system based on dual feedback signals from the travel speed and hydraulic motor speed. Parameters were dynamically adjusted according to the error value (e) and the error change rate (ec), significantly enhancing plant spacing uniformity and enabling stepless adjustment capability. AMESim-Simulink co-simulation results demonstrated that: under step signal input (70r/min) and sudden load application (100N·m) conditions, the system exhibited excellent synchronization between the dual motors (with no overshoot), a response time under 0.5s, and a rotational speed fluctuation amplitude below 1.5%, converging within 0.3s. Laboratory bench tests and field trials indicated that: across a plant spacing range of 0.16~0.24m and operational speeds of 2~8km/h, the actual seeding plant spacing exhibited a relative deviation not exceeding 8%, with a qualification rate reaching or exceeding 92%. These performance metrics complied with relevant industry standards and fulfilled the high-reliability requirements for precision seeding under diverse operating conditions.