In order to meet the requirement of high-speed and precision sowing operation of soybean, a spoon seed metering device was proposed, and its basic structure and working principle were analyzed. The numerical calculation method was used to design the plate and partition of the seed metering device. The diameter of the plate was designed as 260mm, the number and radius of spoon were inversely proportional, and the angle of the mouth on the partition was from 5° to 90°. The optimal ranges of the radius and the inclination angle of the scoop were determined by single factor tests, which were obtained through simulation experiment by EDEM. The structure of the scoop edge was optimized through simulation experiment, and the optimal seeding performance was obtained when the scoop edge was inclined to both sides. The quadratic orthogonal rotation combination test was designed and the experimental data was processed by the Design-Expert 8.0 software. The regression model was established for the radius and inclination angle of the spoon about the qualified index and missing index. The optimal parameters of the scoop were radius of 6.8mm, inclination angle of -9.4°, thickness of 2.2mm and length of 14.1mm, with the qualified index of 95.1% and the missing index of 0.6%. The physical prototype was processed according to the optimal parameters and the bench test was carried out with results in accordance with simulation tests. The qualified index of the seeder was above 93% and the missing index was less than 3% when the speed of the planter was in the range of 6km/h to 12km/h, which satisfied the requirement of high-speed and precision sowing.