Aiming to the bad performance of pricking hole with liquid fertilizer applicator for deep-into type, and explore the changing rule of dynamics of pricking hole mechanism with deformation elliptical gears in the working parameters, equation of gear pitch curves of pricking hole mechanism with deformation gears was built, the simulation software of kinematics analysis was compiled, which was written for pricking hole mechanism with deformation elliptical gears based on Visual Basic 6.0 development platform, some parameters like the semi-major axis, eccentricity ratio and deformation coefficient of deformation elliptical gears were adjusted, and the optimal parameters were obtained. Bench of dynamics test of pricking hole mechanism with deformation elliptical gears was also set up. Scheme of test design of rotation center composite was used, with speed of planet frame and forward speed of bench car as test factors, and torque of sun shaft and tension and pressure of spray fertilizer needle into the soil as the test optimizing index. The torque of sun shaft and tension and pressure of spray fertilizer needle into the soil were measured by using torque sensor, signal acquisition instrument and DASP-10 processing software on the test bench, the regression equation and diagram of response surface were obtained, experimental data was analyzed by using Design-Expert 8.0.10. Test results showed that when the speed of planet frame was 64.4r/min, the forward speed was 0.61m/s, the torque of sun shaft was 5.05N·m, tension and pressure of spray fertilizer needle was 20.03N, the dynamics performance of mechanism was optimal under above conditions. The test was verified by applying these parameters to validate its rationality. The research results can guarantee pricking hole mechanism to have a good pricking hole performance under many working parameters and provide theoretical reference for structure optimization design.