Agricultural machinery is the most important equipment and factor of agricultural production. To study main influencing factors of economic benefit and development strategies of agricultural mechanization in China based on vegetables mechanized production, this paper studies agricultural mechanization status and problems of vegetable production in typical region according to questionnaire survey and on-the-spot investigation, and analyzes vegetable cost-benefit based on statistical data from 1998 to 2012. The results show that selling price and labor cost are the main influencing factors on vegetables net profit per unit area, influencing factors range from higher to lower are as follows: selling price, labor cost, which demonstrates that improving vegetable market mechanisms by policy support is helpful to protect the plant benefits. It also shows that pesticide input and agricultural film input are the main influencing factors on vegetable yield, influencing factors range from higher to lower are as follows: pesticide input, agricultural film input. Input in agricultural mechanization is the main influencing factor on vegetable output value, which demonstrates that the marginal utility of chemical agriculture decreases gradually and agricultural machinery has been playing an increasingly prominent role. The main vegetable varieties are classified into greenhouse solanaceous vegetables, outdoor solanaceous vegetables, and outdoor leaf vegetables according to the input-output indicators. The mechanization needs urgent degrees range from higher to lower are as follows: outdoor solanaceous vegetables, greenhouse solanaceous vegetables and outdoor leaf vegetables. Vegetable comprehensive mechanization level is very low in China, which is different for different operation links, different regional conditions and different species. Meanwhile, policy input, extension system and technology innovation have significant impact on vegetable mechanization technology development. It is important to explore agricultural mechanization technology mode, which combines agricultural machinery with agronomy according to local conditions. The research is meaningful for raising lab productivity and reducing vegetable production cost using labor saving vegetable mechanization production technology.