A transient heat conduction equation under slip condition was established based on Bingham model and heat transfer theory firstly. Then, numerical simulation and experimental study were conducted to analyze the temperature distribution in both axial and radial directions as well as the effects of slip power and gap size on the temperature field. The results showed that there existed a temperature difference among the radial gaps, and the temperature gradually decreased from the inner gap to the outer gap. Moreover, the temperature difference between the radial gaps increased with the slip time. Surface temperature distribution of magneto-rheological fluid remained basically the same at various times. The maximum temperature appeared in the central of the working gap. The temperature of magneto-rheological fluid increased linearly with the slip time. Meanwhile, the temperature rise rate accelerated with the increment of the slip power, while it declined with the increase of the gap size. 