Aiming at the poor portability of devices, high cost of the existing traceability methods for agricultural products quality and safety, an agricultural products quality and safety traceability system based on two-dimension barcode recognition of mobile phones was developed. The architecture and main function design of the system were illustrated in detail. Through the tests of the best recognition distance, recognition time, recognition rate and accuracy rate on the system using three types of mobile phones from Nokia in the case of the mobile phone cameras various distances away from the barcodes, the average identification time for barcodes of food wrappers and tagboards was 7.3s and 5.1s respectively, average recognition rate was 67.8% and 75.6% respectively，and accuracy rate were to 100%. The best recognition distance was about 10cm，identification time for barcodes of food wrappers and tagboards was only 6.4s and 3.4s respectively. The test results show that users can recognize two-dimension barcode labels attached on products quickly and conveniently through the system, and it will provide a new traceability means.