A field information acquisition instrument for positioning, rapid and simultaneous measurement of soil moisture content and compaction was designed. Based on the measurement theory and the software and hardware design of the instrument, the accuracy of measurement was analyzed. 30 soil samples were taken from a tree nursery with the sampling interval of 5 m×5 m. The soil moisture content was measured by the field information acquisition instrument and drying method, respectively. The correlation analysis of the measurement values was carried out and the correlation coefficient is 0.9179. In the same way, 30 samplings of soil compaction in deeps of 10cm and 20cm were measured by the field information acquisition instrument and SC900 digital soil compactness instrument. The correlation analysis to the measurement values of tow depths by both methods was carried out and the correlation coefficients were 0.8267 and 0.9245, respectively. The test results showed that the measurement accuracy of acquisition instrument for the soil moisture content and compaction in field satisfied the requirement of agriculture production.