Aiming at the problems such as high digging resistance, high power consumption and easy soil blockage in the soil layer of residual film recovery equipment, the residual film-soil-straw excavating and conveying device with vibrating chain tooth bar is designed, in which the rotary tillage excavating mechanism reduces the excavation resistance and solves the soil blockage problem, and the vibrating chain tooth conveying mechanism improves the residual film-soil-straw conveying efficiency. The force model of the material particles on the surface of the conveyor chain is established, the relationship between the forward speed and the speed of the conveyor chain is analyzed, and the speed of the shaking wheel and the conveyor chain is calculated. The content and distribution of residual film and straw in soil profile are measured and a virtual simulated soil tank is established to simulate the content and distribution characteristics of residual film and straw in cotton soil. The simulation model of excavating and conveying device is built and set the depth of excavation shovel to 150mm in EDEM. Under different forward speed (0.75m/s, 1m/s, 1.25m/s), rotary blade speed (210r/min, 230r/min, 250r/min), conveyor chain speed（65r/min, 85r/min, 105r/min） combination conditions, simulation of soil backwater effect and particle velocity variation in the process of excavating and conveying residual film-soil-straw. According to the simulation results, it can be seen that the blockage problem is easy to occur under the condition that the forward speed of the excavating and conveying device is high, and the motion speed of the residual film of soil layer, soil and straw particles is less than 5m/s. The results of the field test are basically the same as those of the simulation test. Under the conditions of different combination of factors, the height of the soil blockage measured in the field test ranges from 71mm to 246mm. The field test shows that when the height of soil blockage is less than 90mm, the problem of excavation resistance and stoppage will not occur. The excavating and conveying device and the operation effect analysis method designed in this paper can provide reference for designing a new type device of excavating and conveying residual film-soil-straw.