In response to the problems of complex mechanical structures and dead zones in loading, as well as a single-function collection system that cannot evaluate traction performance in real-time for traditional agricultural vehicles, an electric-driven agricultural vehicle traction load vehicle was developed. Combining the targeted design of a maximum loading traction force of 150kN with a force analysis of the driving wheel, key components of the load vehicle were selected and designed. An integrated engine-electric bridge electric drive system was used as the core unit, and a steering traction frame was innovatively used to achieve automatic steering of the front platform. Based on the LabVIEW RIO architecture, a high-performance measurement and control system was built using FPGA, enabling the collection, wireless transmission, and storage of multiple information, such as electric current, voltage, traction force, and fuel consumption. The fuzzy adaptive PID control algorithm was used for closed-loop control of traction force loading. Finally, the load vehicle was subjected to performance verification testing, achieving a range of 0~150kN load loading, with maximum response time of 3.6s, maximum overshoot of 1.61%, and maximum error of 4.5% between actual and targeted traction forces. The test results showed that the load vehicle had good traction load performance and the measurement and control system can accurately monitor multiple parameters of traction performance in real-time, providing comprehensive evaluation of agricultural vehicle traction performance.