In order to solve the problem that artificial transplanting of Salvia miltiorrhiza with disadvantage of low efficiency and quality，high labor intensity, and the existing transplanter is not suitable for transplanting nudeseedlings of Salvia miltiorrhiza, and to ensure the erectness rate of mechanized transplanting nakedseedlings of Salvia miltiorrhiza，a kind of fivebar Salvia miltiorrhiza transplanting mechanism was designed，on the basis of establishing the workingconditions constraint and free movement constraint condition of fivebar mechanism and combining the kinematic model，the visual auxiliary interface of the humancomputer interaction was established by using Matlab (Matrix Laboratory). With the help of the auxiliary interface， trajectory location method was used to study the regional trajectory distribution characteristics of the implant endpoint and the influence of the mechanism parameters on the trajectory，according to the trajectory requirements of mechanism, the parameters of fivebar mechanism was got to meet the transplanting requirements of Salvia miltiorrhiza through the numerical cycle comparison method. LA-S series plant image analysis system was used to measure the morphological parameters of Salvia miltiorrhiza，the parameters of duckbill transplanter was designed according to it. Prototype test showed that the transplanting mechanism of Salvia miltiorrhiza based on the fivebar mechanism could meet the requirements of transplanting Salvia miltiorrhiza which can ensure the highlift trajectory，the operation quality and seedling rate of Salvia miltiorrhiza，the seedling qualified rate was 97.3%，the excellent seedling rate was 94%，the leakage rate was 2.5%，the plant spacing variation coefficient was 65%，and the planting depth qualified rate was 94.6%.