Biomass carbonization forming technology is one of the main utilization technologies of biomass energy, which is of great significance to achieve the sustainable development of energy. The biochar prepared from Camellia oleifera shell pyrolysis as raw materials was molded by using universal testing machine, with cellulose and oxidized starch as additives. By analyzing the relax density, specific energy consumption and compressive strength of molding fuel, the effects of different conditions of molding on physical quality of molding fuel were made sure. The results showed that the fuel quality was the best at molding temperature of 60~100℃, molding pressure of 6~8kN, moisture content of 15%~20%. The combustion characteristics of the fuel were studied by thermogravimetric analysis. The results showed that the addition of cellulose and oxidized starch decreased the ignition temperature of Camellia oleifera shell carbon powder, the ignition temperature was decreased to 362.5℃ and 324.5℃, respectively. The combustion stability index and comprehensive combustion characteristic index of fuel with oxidized starch additive were better than those of pure carbon powder and cellulose additive fuel. But the heat value of cellulose added fuel was reduced even less. The significance of the research was to optimize the parameters of the molding process, provide theoretical basis for the preparation of biomass carbon molded fuel with excellent performance and convenient storage.