Aiming at the problems that low working efficiency and energy loss of liquid fertilizer of distributor for deep-fertilization liquid fertilizer applicator，the differential-type bidirectional distribution device for fertilizer supply that matched pricking hole mechanism for oblique type was designed. In order to avoid the winding of connecting hoses between the differential-type bidirectional distribution device for fertilizer supply and pricking hole mechanism for oblique type, the mechanism transmission principle that consisted of double planetary gears and annular gear was employed, and the transmission ratio of differential-type bidirectional distribution device for fertilizer supply was obtained based on the movement characteristics of spray fertilizer needle hoses couler of pricking hole mechanism for oblique type;the space-cam of differential-type bidirectional distribution device for fertilizer supply was designed to meet the characteristic that spray fertilizer needle sprayed liquid fertilizer, and the structure parameters of device were obtained, i.e., the upon movement angle of space-cam was 31.8°, the down movement angle of space-cam was 25.6°, base circle radius of space-cam was 100mm and the maximum value of space-cam stroke was 6mm. The kinematics of double planetary gears was analyzed, and the motion trajectory equation of planetary gears was obtained. The performance experiment of differential-type bidirectional distribution device for fertilizer supply was done. The hose status was recorded between differential-type bidirectional distribution device for fertilizer supply and pricking hole mechanism for oblique type when the device worked at each time interval of 45°rotation, the connecting hoses that did not twine were verified;the pressure of hydraulic pump as the influence factor, the amounts of liquid fertilizer were measured per 5s at different levels, the flow velocity of injection needle and hydraulic pump outlet were obtained, the rule of energy loss, value of energy loss for the device and the higher efficiency to spray liquid fertilizer of the device were obtained.