Grilled mutton chops are traditional meat products, and the quality is greatly influenced by the final core temperature. However, the core temperature of mutton chops during grilling is difficult to monitor. To predict the core temperature of mutton chops during grilling accurately and conveniently, a mathematical model based on grilling time and shapes of mutton chops was established. Mutton chops with different cross-sectional areas of lean meat from 7cm2 to 15cm2 were grilled in an electric heat oven at 120℃ or 220℃. Fifteen samples were grilled independently at each temperature until the core temperature reached 75℃ and the temperature-time curves were recorded. Seven thermal probes were inserted into the different points of the mutton chops during grilling and the lowest temperature was taken as the core temperature. The model for predicting core temperature with grilling time and cross-sectional areas of lean meat was built with regression method, which was used to evaluate the quality of grilled mutton chops. The results showed that the established model could well predict the temperature changes of grilled mutton chops and the relative errors between simulated and measured results were lower than 6%. Different quality characteristics of mutton chops were formed under different grilling temperature based on the application of the model. The mathematical model could provide a convenient and timely method for predicting the core temperature of mutton chops during grilling. 