An experimental apparatus was designed to analyze the mechanics parameter of shovel and excavationof the lunar soil. The test bed was consisted of two parts: shovel device and excavating device, which could realize linear shovel movement and rotational excavating movement. The shovel test with this experimental apparatus proved that shovel speed had very little effect on the force of shovel while different compaction status of lunar soil and angle of shovel affected a lot of force of shovel. In the excavation experiment, with the increasing of revolving speed, the peak torque would also increase. The experiment initially confirmed the parameters of properties of soil mechanics of sampling machine on the surface layer. It could supply significant reference to the study of mechanical property of the interactions between the sampler and lunar soil.