Taking the mixture of vegetable wastes and cow manure as the raw materials and using aerobic fermentation process for fermentation tests, the experiment was conducted and optimized to analyze the effects of the ratio of raw materials, aeration time and fermentation time on the solid residues of vegetables. The pH value of fermentation liquid was real-time monitored and the TKN, NH+4-N, NO-3-N, NO-2-N and TP of 9 treatments were measured after optimized. Then the nutrient contents of fermentation liquid were investigated. Through the comprehensive range analysis and principal components analysis of 9 treatments, the optimal fermentation results were obtained with 3∶1 raw materials (mass ratio), 2 h/d aeration time and 40 d fermentation time.