The transplanting mechanism with planetary deformed elliptic gears was proposed and the kinematics equations of transplanting tip were established. The kinematics simulation software of this mechanism was compiled. A group of mechanical parameters were optimized and obtained by using this software and comprehensively taking into account the factors of hole shape, return trajectory of transplanting tip, pose of transplanting tip while catching and transplanting seedlings, relative velocity of transplanting tip while catching seedlings and so on. Then the test-bed of this transplanting mechanism was developed to test the kinematics parameters such as trajectory and velocity of the transplanting tip. Through the comparison between test result and kinematics analysis results, the correctness of kinematics model and analysis results were verified. Compared with the transplanting mechanism with planetary elliptic gears, the proposed transplanting mechanism had higher verticality rate of seedling and lower injury rate of seedling. 