The surface and the section geometrical structure features of the foreleg’s tarsal claw of the oriental mole cricket (Gryllotalpa orientalis Burmeister) were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was found that there exists a hollow structure in the tarsal claw and the material of the section displays samdwich structure. The hollow structure of the foreleg’s tarsal claw was modeled using the slice method. The hardness and elastic modulus of the foreleg’s tarsal claw of the oriental mole cricket (Gryllotalpa orientalis Burmeister) were obtained by nanomechanical test system. The results show that the hardness and elastic modulus of the tergal cuticle material of the tarsal claw of the foreleg were higher than its front cuticle material. It was found through comparison that the hardness of the foreleg’s tarsal claw of the oriental mole cricket (Gryllotalpa orientalis Burmeister) is higher than that of the tibia cuticle material of Copris ochus Motschulsky, Geotrupes stercorarius Linnaeus and Holotrichia sichotana Brenske, and higher than the hardness of the hoof wall materials of cattle, sheep and pig as well.