2024年第4期

2024年第4期

2024年第4期共收录45篇

1. Lightweight Network for Tea Leaf Blight Detection in UAV Remote Sensing Images

Accession number: 20242016103989

Title of translation: 基于轻量型网络的无人机遥感图像中茶叶枯病检测方法

Authors: Hu, Gensheng (1); Xie, Yifan (1); Bao, Wenxia (1); Liang, Dong (1)

Author affiliation: (1) National Engineering Research Center for Agro-Ecological Big Data Analysis and Application, Anhui University, Hefei; 230601, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 55

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 2024

Publication year: 2024

Pages: 165-175

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Aiming at the problems of large differenees in disease spots and high similarity between disease spots and background in tea leaf blight (TLB) disease images collected by UAV, a lightweight network LiTLBNet for the accurate and real-time detection of TLB disease in UAV images of tea gardens in the field was designed. A lightweight M - Backbone was used to extract the distinguishing features of the TLB spots, which reduced missed detections caused by the large differences in the scales, colors, and shapes of the disease spots in the images. The SE and EC A modules were introduced into the LNeck of LiTLBNet to help the network learn more comprehensive features in the channel dimension and reduce false detections caused by the similarities between disease spots and backgrounds. The largest feature maps were deleted to reduce the calculations and the network size, and furthermore, the training samples were also augmented by rotating them by different angles, adding noise to the images, and constructing synthetic images to improve the generalization of LiTLBNet by using a small number of samples. Experimental results showed that the precision of LiTLBNet was 75. 1%, and the mAP was 78. 5%, which was similar to that of YOLO v5s. However, the size of LiTLBNet was only 2.0 MB, which was 13. 9% of the size of YOLO v5s. The proposed method can be effectively used for the real-time and accurate UAV remote sensing monitoring of TLB disease in tea gardens with a relatively large area. ? 2024 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 37

Main heading: Object detection

Controlled terms: Aircraft detection? - ?Feature extraction? - ?Image enhancement? - ?Remote sensing? - ?Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)

Uncontrolled terms: Leaf blights? - ?Lightweight network? - ?LiTLBNet? - ?Objects detection? - ?Real-time detection? - ?Remote sensing images? - ?Tea disease? - ?Tea gardens? - ?Tea-leaves? - ?UAV remote sensing

Classification code: 652.1 Aircraft, General? - ?716.2 Radar Systems and Equipment? - ?723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.00E00%, Percentage 5.00E+00%, Percentage 9.00E+00%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2024.04.016

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

2. Topology and Dimension Synchronization Design Method for Parallel Mechanisms Based on Structural Similarity

Accession number: 20242116113134

Title of translation: 基于结构相似性的并联机构拓扑与尺寸同步设计方法

Authors: Wang, Meng (1); Lin, Wenqi (1); Cui, Qingchun (1); Song, Yimin (2); Sun, Tao (2)

Author affiliation: (1) Northwest Institute of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Xianyang; 712099, China; (2) School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin; 300350, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 55

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 2024

Publication year: 2024

Pages: 431-439

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Parallel mechanisms have the advantages of strong reconfigurability, excellent dynamic performance, and high accuracy, and have been widely used in aerospace and other fields. As an important branch of parallel mechanism research, design has significant value and development prospects, so many researchers have made great efforts and achieved many results in this area. However, with the continuous advancement of parallel mechanisms, from single-dimension and topology designs to their integration, synchronous design methods based on topology superposition and full-variable orthogonal design have undergone extensive research and application. Nonetheless, these methods exhibit notable drawbacks, such as low design efficiency. To address these concerns, a method for designing parallel mechanisms that synchronizes topology and dimension was presented based on structural similarity. The method used slight variations in dimensional parameters while maintaining the same mass retention ratio during topology optimization as the starting point. It then employed topology parameterization scaling and stiffness — mass metamodels construction to efficiently synchronize dimension and topology for parallel mechanisms. Using a typical 3 — PRS parallel mechanism as an instance, numerical verification and a comparative analysis were conducted. The findings demonstrated that under the same mass conditions, the proposed design method obtained greater isotropic stiffness compared with traditional dimension design methods. In summary, topology optimization made the material distribution of RS links more reasonable. This research not only offerred beneficial guidance for producing physical 3 — PRS parallel mechanism prototypes, but also established a theoretical basis for designing other parallel mechanisms. ? 2024 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 29

Main heading: Topology

Controlled terms: Design? - ?Stiffness

Uncontrolled terms: Design method? - ?Dimension design? - ?Dynamic performance? - ?High-accuracy? - ?Mechanism-based? - ?Parallel mechanisms? - ?Reconfigurability? - ?Structural similarity? - ?Synchronization design? - ?Topology optimisation

Classification code: 921.4 Combinatorial Mathematics, Includes Graph Theory, Set Theory? - ?951 Materials Science

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2024.04.043

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

3. Design of Automated Yellowing Equipment for Yellow Tea and Investigation on Temperature and Humidity Control Methods

Accession number: 20242016103973

Title of translation: 黄茶自动化闷黄装备设计与温湿度控制方法研究

Authors: Yang, Bo (1); Song, Yan (1, 2); Wei, Yuming (3); Ning, Jingming (3)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Engineering, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei; 230036, China; (2) Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Agricultural Machinery, Hefei; 230036, China; (3) State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei; 230036, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 55

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 2024

Publication year: 2024

Pages: 376-384

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Yellowing is a distinctive process in yellow tea production. Currently, there is a lack of special continuous and automatic equipment for yellowing in the yellow tea processing industry. To address these issues, a dedicated equipment designed specifically for the yellowing process of yellow tea was presented. Considering the requirements for continuous processing, the mechanical structure of the equipment for yellowing was meticulously designed. Furthermore, the required heating power and steam flow rate of the equipment were calculated, and the relevant components were carefully selected and integrated into the construction of a functional prototype. An innovative temperature and humidity control method based on interval type-2 fuzzy theory was proposed to overcome the challenges in temperature and humidity control. The test results of the temperature and humidity control system showed that the interval type-2 fuzzy control algorithm accurately controlled temperature and humidity parameters, with stronger disturbance suppression capability and smaller control error compared with the type-1 fuzzy control algorithm. Production test results demonstrated that the equipment achieved maximum root mean square error of 0.439\ °C for temperature and 1.226 2% for humidity. Sensory evaluation confirmed that the products processed by this equipment met the quality requirements of western Anhui yellow tea. ? 2024 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 21

Main heading: Mean square error

Controlled terms: Construction equipment? - ?Fuzzy control? - ?Humidity control? - ?Quality control

Uncontrolled terms: Control methods? - ?Interval type-2 fuzzy? - ?Interval type-2 fuzzy system? - ?Processing equipment? - ?Tea processing? - ?Tea processing equipment? - ?Temperature and humidity control? - ?Type-2 fuzzy systems? - ?Yellow teas? - ?Yellowing process

Classification code: 405.1 Construction Equipment? - ?731 Automatic Control Principles and Applications? - ?913.3 Quality Assurance and Control? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 2.00E+00%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2024.04.037

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

4. Dimensional Design of 2PRU&1PRS-XY Hybrid Robot Based on Multi-objective Equilibrium Optimization

Accession number: 20242116112908

Title of translation: 基于多目标均衡优化的2PRU&1PRS-XY型混联机器人尺度设计方法

Authors: Tang, Tengfei (1); Shen, Yifeng (1); Ye, Wei (1); Zhang, Jun (2)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou; 310018, China; (2) School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou; 350116, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 55

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 2024

Publication year: 2024

Pages: 440-451

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: A 2PRU&1PRS - XY hybrid robot was proposed for the design requirements of robotie machining equipment for complex structural components. In order to apply the new hybrid robot to high-performance 5-axis machining, it is necessary to realize the dimensional design that takes into account the balanced optimization of multi kinematics performance. Therefore, in addition to analyzing the working space, motion/force transmission and dexterity indicators of hybrid robot, the difference index of transfer stability and accuracy was also proposed, and a scale design method based on the idea of multi-objective equilibrium optimization was designed. This method adopted standardized method to simplify the multiparameter design space, applied response surface methodology to improve the efficiency of solving complex functional functions, and the optimization solution efficiency was improved by the principal component analysis method. Combined with subjective and objective combinatorial empowerment method and TOPSIS-based Pareto frontier method, multi-index comprehensive performance scoring was carried out. Using the proposed method, four dimensional parameter design schemes were obtained that balanced optimization efficiency and multi-objective equilibrium optimization. The optimization design of the main dimensional parameters of the hybrid robot was achieved, providing designers with multi-objective equilibrium decision-making references with different engineering design preferences. ? 2024 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 27

Main heading: Multiobjective optimization

Controlled terms: Decision making? - ?Efficiency? - ?Industrial robots? - ?Kinematics? - ?Machine design? - ?Principal component analysis

Uncontrolled terms: Complex structural components? - ?Dimensional design? - ?Dimensional parameters? - ?Equilibrium optimizations? - ?Hybrid robots? - ?Kinematic performance? - ?Machining equipments? - ?Multi objective? - ?Multi-objectives optimization? - ?Performance

Classification code: 601 Mechanical Design? - ?731.6 Robot Applications? - ?912.2 Management? - ?913.1 Production Engineering? - ?921.5 Optimization Techniques? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics? - ?931.1 Mechanics

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2024.04.044

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

5. Driving Signal Design and Experiment of Inchworm Giant Magnetostrictive Rotary Actuator

Accession number: 20242116113041

Title of translation: 尺蠖型超磁致伸缩旋转驱动器驱动信号设计与试验

Authors: Zhou, Jingtao (1); He, Zhongbo (1); Liu, Guoping (1)

Author affiliation: (1) Shijiazhuang Campus, Army Engineering University of PLA, Shijiazhuang; 050003, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 55

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 2024

Publication year: 2024

Pages: 452-458

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to solve the problem that the signal generated by traditional “ signal generator + power amplifier” cannot meet the demand of multi-channel and square wave waveform of inchworm rotary driver, a signal controller was designed to generate multiple square waveforms by on - off of a Cmos control pulse module. The three driving signals obtained through this scheme were square wave current signals, which can avoid the occurrence of “frequency doubling” phenomenon in giant magnetostrictive materials. By setting the parameters such as the period, duty cycle and delay of the signal, the three-channel square wave driving signal with set timing can be output. According to the voltage law, the square wave was simplified to step wave. The current model of driving signal was established, and the parameters were identified. The current analytical formula can accurately represent the current signal within the operating frequency range. The experimental platform was built and tested, the experimental results showed that the square wave output by the signal controller was better than that by the traditional scheme in the working frequency range, and the set three-way signal can drive the inchworm rotary driver to generate step-by-step rotation motion. The angular displacement response of the rotating actuator was analyzed. By optimizing the timing of the driving signal, the maximum operating frequency of the rotary driver was increased from 160 Hz to 210 Hz. ? 2024 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 25

Main heading: Power amplifiers

Controlled terms: Actuators? - ?Frequency doublers? - ?Magnetostrictive devices? - ?Timing circuits

Uncontrolled terms: Current signal? - ?Driving signal? - ?Frequency ranges? - ?Giant magnetostriction? - ?Inchworm? - ?Rotary actuator? - ?Signal controller? - ?Signal design? - ?Signal timing? - ?Square-wave

Classification code: 713.1 Amplifiers? - ?713.4 Pulse Circuits? - ?713.5 Electronic Circuits Other Than Amplifiers, Oscillators, Modulators, Limiters, Discriminators or Mixers? - ?732.1 Control Equipment

Numerical data indexing: Frequency 1.60E+02Hz to 2.10E+02Hz

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2024.04.045

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

6. Visual Perception Method for Cotton-picking Robots Based on Fusion of Multi-view 3D Point Clouds

Accession number: 20242016104054

Title of translation: 基于多视角三维点云融合的采棉机器人视觉感知方法

Authors: Liu, Kun (1); Wang, Xiao (1); Zhu, Yifan (1)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Automation, Nanjing Institute of Technology, Nanjing; 211167, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 55

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 2024

Publication year: 2024

Pages: 74-81

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Traditional cotton-picking robots face visual perception challenges due to their reliance on single viewpoint and two-dimensional imagery. To address this, a multi-view 3D point cloud registration method was introduced, enhancing these robots’ real-time 3D visual perception. Four fixed-pose Realsense D435 depth cameras were utilized to capture point cloud data of the cotton from multiple viewpoints. To ensure the quality of fusion registration, each camera underwent rigorous imaging distortion calibration and depth error adjustment before operation. With the help of AprilTags algorithm, the relative pose between the RGB imaging modules of the cameras and their AprilTag labels was calibrated, which clarified the transformation relationship between the coordinate systems of the RGB and stereo imaging modules. As a result,the transformations of point cloud coordinates between cameras can be deduced, ensuring accurate fusion and alignment. The findings showed that this method had an average global alignment error of 0.93 cm and took 0.025 s on average, highlighting its accuracy and efficiency against the commonly used methods. To cater to the real-time demands of cotton-picking robots, processes for point cloud acquisition, background filtering, and fusion registration were also optimized. Impressively, the algorithm’s speed tops at 29. 85 f/s, meeting the real-time demands of the robot’s perception system. ? 2024 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 26

Main heading: Cameras

Controlled terms: Agricultural robots? - ?Cotton? - ?Stereo image processing? - ?Vision

Uncontrolled terms: 3D point cloud? - ?Apriltag algorithm? - ?Cotton picking? - ?Cotton-picking robot? - ?Multi-views? - ?Picking robot? - ?Point-clouds? - ?Real- time? - ?RGB imaging? - ?Visual perception

Classification code: 723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing? - ?731.5 Robotics? - ?742.2 Photographic Equipment? - ?821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products

Numerical data indexing: Size 9.30E-03m, Time 2.50E-02s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2024.04.007

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

7. Environmental Response and Physiological Regulation of Transpiration Water Consumption of Orange Trees in Dry-hot Valley

Accession number: 20242016103971

Title of translation: 干热河谷区橙子树蒸腾耗水环境响应与生理调节研究

Authors: Hou, Panpan (1); Zhu, Houlin (1); Chen, Dianyu (1); Hu, Xiaotao (1); Zhang, Jingying (1); Sun, Jun (1)

Author affiliation: (1) Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi, Yangling; 712100, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 55

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 2024

Publication year: 2024

Pages: 262-271

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to investigate the transpiration and water consumption mechanism of orange trees, a typical economic forest tree in dry-hot valley region of Southwest China was taken as object, and the thermal diffusion probe TDP, soil moisture sensor TDR, automatic weather station and canopy analyzer were used to obtain long-term data on transpiration, soil water content, and temperature, radiation, vapor pressure deficit, precipitation and leaf area index. Through a systematic study on the environmental control and physiological regulation of orange transpiration, the results showed that compared with the dry season and rainy season, the dry-hot season showed a more conservative water utilization mechanism, and the daily transpiration, canopy conductivity and decoupling coefficient were significantly lower than those of the other two seasons. In the dry season and rainy season, the transpiration of orange trees was alternately controlled by solar radiation and the vapor pressure deficit, while the transpiration in the dry-hot season was mainly affected by the vapor pressure deficit. There was a time lag effect between the intraday dynamic change characteristics of the canopy conductance and meteorological factors, and this effect varied in different weather and seasons. The vapor pressure deficit was negatively logarithmically correlated with canopy conductance as influenced by the leaf area index, and other environmental factors also were negatively logarithmically correlated with canopy conductance at leaf area indexes less than 4 m /m and quadratically correlated at greater than or equal to 4 m /m. Although the sensitivity of canopy conductance to saturated water vapor pressure difference varied under different environmental conditions, transpiration basically followed the isohydric regulation strategy under most environmental conditions, but there were individual environmental conditions presenting the risk of environmental stress imbalance. The results can provide a direct basis for the diagnosis of environmental stress in orange orchards in the dry-hot valley area, which was conducive to the scientific optimization of irrigation systems and the efficient formulation of water-saving regulation technology system. ? 2024 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 32

Main heading: Soil moisture

Controlled terms: Citrus fruits? - ?Drought? - ?Environmental management? - ?Environmental regulations? - ?Forestry? - ?Humidity control? - ?Hydrostatic pressure? - ?Landforms? - ?Plants (botany)? - ?Transpiration ? - ?Water conservation

Uncontrolled terms: Canopy conductance? - ?Dry seasons? - ?Dry-hot valleys? - ?Environmental conditions? - ?Leaf Area Index? - ?Orange tree? - ?Rainy seasons? - ?Transpiration water consumption? - ?Vapor pressure deficit? - ?Water consumption

Classification code: 443.3 Precipitation? - ?444 Water Resources? - ?454.1 Environmental Engineering, General? - ?454.2 Environmental Impact and Protection? - ?461.9 Biology? - ?481.1 Geology? - ?483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?631.1.1 Liquid Dynamics? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products

Numerical data indexing: Size 4.00E+00m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2024.04.026

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

8. Omnidirectional Leveling System of Crawler Machine Based on Sliding Mode Synchronous Position Control

Accession number: 20242016104074

Title of translation: 基于滑模同步控制的履带式作业机全向调平系统研究

Authors: Wang, Ruochen (1); Su, Zhaorui (1); Ding, Renkai (2); Sun, Zeyu (3); Jiang, Yu (1); Guo, Zhongyang (4)

Author affiliation: (1) School oj Automotive and Traffic Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang; 212013, China; (2) Automotive Engineering Research Institute, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang; 212013, China; (3) School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang; 212013, China; (4) Jiangsu Chaoli Electric Appliance Co., Ltd., Zhenjiang; 212300, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 55

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 2024

Publication year: 2024

Pages: 394-401

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Aiming at the problems that the chassis of crawler machine in hilly and mountainous areas is easy to roll over and the safety is poor, based on the developed structure scheme of “three-layer frame” crawler machine in hilly and mountainous areas, an interconnected omnidirectional hydraulic leveling system was designed to realize the pair-to-pair interconnection of four hydraulic cylinders in the upper frame that was horizontally levelled. The two hydraulic cylinders in the lower frame were connected in pairwise to realize longitudinal leveling. This system can make the center point of the crawler machine unchanged in horizontal leveling and longitudinal leveling. On this basis, a synchronization control strategy was proposed, which was based on the sliding mode synchronization control method based on disturbance observer. This method reduced the position error of single hydraulic cylinder and synchronous error of double hydraulic cylinder, and improved the stability of the system. The mechanical model of the crawler machine and the hydraulic model of the interconnected omnidirectional hydraulic leveling system were built in AMEsim, and the controller model was built in Simulink. The co-simulation results showed that the omnidirectional leveling system based on sliding mode synchronous position control was superior to the traditional PID control. In omnidirectional leveling, the 20° transverse leveling time can be reduced by 1.6 s, the 25° longitudinal leveling time can be reduced by 1. 8 s, the average rising time was shortened by 21. 8%, the average adjustment time was shortened by 35. 5%, and the synchronous position control error was kept within ± 6 X 10 m. On this basis, the real machine test of the solid prototype of the “three-layer frame” crawler in hilly and mountainous areas was carried out. The average error of the tilt angle of the omnidirectional levelling body was 2. 55%, and the average error of the hydraulic cylinder synchronization was 8.2%. The test results verified the feasibility and superiority of the designed omnidirectional levelling system of the crawler. ? 2024 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 18

Main heading: Synchronization

Controlled terms: Cylinders (shapes)? - ?Errors? - ?Hydraulic equipment? - ?Position control? - ?Simulink? - ?System stability? - ?Three term control systems

Uncontrolled terms: Crawler machine? - ?Disturbance observer? - ?Hilly and mountainous areas? - ?Hydraulic cylinders? - ?Levelings? - ?Omnidirectional leveling? - ?Positioning control? - ?Sliding mode synchronoi control? - ?Sliding modes? - ?Synchronous control

Classification code: 632.2 Hydraulic Equipment and Machinery? - ?723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing? - ?731.1 Control Systems? - ?731.3 Specific Variables Control? - ?961 Systems Science

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 5.00E+00%, Percentage 5.50E+01%, Percentage 8.00E+00%, Percentage 8.20E+00%, Size 1.00E+01m, Time 1.60E+00s, Time 8.00E+00s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2024.04.039

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

9. Path Planning of Green Walnut Picking Robotic Arm Based on HER-TD3 Algorithm

Accession number: 20242016100943

Title of translation: 基于HER-TD3算法的青皮核桃采摘机械臂路径规划

Authors: Yang, Shuhua (1, 2); Xie, Xiaobo (1); Bing, Zhenkai (1); Hao, Jianjun (1, 2); Zhang, Xiuhua (1, 2); Yuan, Dachao (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding; 071001, China; (2) Technology Innovation Center of Intelligent Agricultural Equipment of Hebei Province, Baoding; 071001, China

Corresponding author: Hao, Jianjun(hjjpaper@163.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 55

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 2024

Publication year: 2024

Pages: 113-123

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In response to the common problems of complex environments, large training tasks, and poor stability caused by the disorder growth of green walnut and tree branches, etc., a harvesting device based on synchronous belt module and manipulator was designed, and the path planning of harvesting manipulator was carried out by using the twin delayed deep deterministic policy gradient with hindsight experience replay (HER-TD3) algorithm. HER algorithm was used to improve the agent’s ability of exploration and alleviate the problem of sparse reward, and TD3 algorithm was used to improve the agent’s stability and reduce the oscillation in training. In order to demonstrate the feasibility and generalization ability of the HER-TD3 algorithm, TD3 and HER-DDPG algorithms were introduced for comparison. Three deep reinforcement learning agents were trained by using dimensionality reduction training methods. The results showed that the success rate of the HER-TD3 algorithm model in completing path planning tasks reached 98%, which was 4 percentage points higher than that of the HER-DDPG algorithm and 19 percentage points higher than that of TD3. The 3D model simulation environment was built in CoppeliaSim software, and the initial attitude and collision detection were designed, YOLO v4 was used to recognize green walnuts, and used this algorithm model to guide the virtual harvesting robotic arm to avoid tree branches and obstacles to reach the target position, completing collision free path planning. The success rates of path planning were 91% in the absence of obstacles and 86% in the presence of obstacles. In the experiment of picking green walnut using a physical prototype, the path planning task was still well completed. The success rate of path planning for harvesting without obstacles was 86.7%, with an average motion time of 12.8s, while the success rate in the presence of obstacles was 80.0%, with an average motion time of 13.6s. It was verified that HER-TD3 algorithm had good adaptability and stability to complex environment. ? 2024 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 37

Main heading: Motion planning

Controlled terms: 3D modeling? - ?Agricultural robots? - ?Deep learning? - ?Intelligent robots? - ?Manipulators? - ?Reinforcement learning? - ?Robot programming? - ?Robotic arms? - ?Software agents? - ?Three dimensional computer graphics

Uncontrolled terms: Algorithm model? - ?Complex environments? - ?Green walnut? - ?Harvesting devices? - ?HER-TD3 algorithm? - ?Path-planning tasks? - ?Percentage points? - ?Picking robot? - ?Poor stability? - ?Tree branches

Classification code: 461.4 Ergonomics and Human Factors Engineering? - ?723.1 Computer Programming? - ?723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing? - ?723.4 Artificial Intelligence? - ?723.5 Computer Applications? - ?731.5 Robotics? - ?731.6 Robot Applications? - ?821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 8.00E+01%, Percentage 8.60E+01%, Percentage 8.67E+01%, Percentage 9.10E+01%, Percentage 9.80E+01%, Time 1.28E+01s, Time 1.36E+01s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2024.04.011

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

10. Parameter Identification Method for Agricultural Tire Flexible Ring Model Based on Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm

Accession number: 20242116113102

Title of translation: 基于粒子群算法的农用轮胎柔性环模型参数辨识方法

Authors: Sun, Rui (1, 2); Wang, Yadong (1, 2); Li, Yining (3); He, Zhizhu (1, 2); Zhu, Zhongxiang (1, 2); Li, Zhen (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Agricultural Power Equipment, Beijing; 100083, China; (3) Technology Center, Cui Zhou Tyre Co., Ltd., Guiyang; 550201, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 55

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 2024

Publication year: 2024

Pages: 402-410

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: The tire flexible ring model can accurately express tire deformation, but the stiffness parameters of the model cannot be directly measured, so identifying the stiffness parameters of the model becomes the key in the modeling process. Based on the kinematic equation of the tire flexible ring model, the relationship between the natural frequency and stiffness parameters of agricultural tires was analyzed, and a method for identifying the stiffness parameters of the flexible ring model was proposed based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. Based on the kinematics equation of the flexible ring model tire, the relationship between the natural frequency and the stiffness parameters of the agricultural tire was analyzed, and a method for identifying the stiffness parameter of agricultural tire flexible ring model based on PSO algorithm was proposed. A tire testing platform was built, the natural frequency was obtained through tire modal testing, and PSO algorithm was used to identify the stiffness parameters of the flexible ring model. Using the average error between the experimental and predicted values of the natural frequency as the evaluation index, the identification results of PSO algorithm were compared with traditional methods and genetic algorithm (GA) . The results showed that PSO algorithm had the highest accuracy, with an average absolute error of 1. 67 Hz and an average relative error of 1. 66% . Compared with GA, the average relative error was decreased by 16. 16% and the computation time was decreased by 93. 19% . The correctness and accuracy of the stiffness parameter identification method was proved based on PSO algorithm. The grounding angle of agricultural tires was obtained through the contact patch test, and the vertical force on the tires was estimated based on the identified stiffness parameters. The experimental and predicted values of vertical force were compared, and the results showed that the parameter identification results obtained by the particle swarm algorithm had the highest accuracy. The average relative error of vertical load estimation was 1. 97%, which was reduced by 12. 05% compared with the genetic algorithm. ? 2024 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 26

Main heading: Tires

Controlled terms: Agriculture? - ?Errors? - ?Genetic algorithms? - ?Kinematics? - ?Modal analysis? - ?Natural frequencies? - ?Parameter estimation? - ?Particle swarm optimization (PSO)? - ?Stiffness

Uncontrolled terms: Agricultural tire? - ?Average relative error? - ?Flexible ring? - ?Flexible ring model? - ?Modal testings? - ?Parameter identification methods? - ?Parameters identification? - ?Particle swarm optimization algorithm? - ?Ring model? - ?Stiffness parameters

Classification code: 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications? - ?818.5 Rubber Products? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control? - ?921 Mathematics? - ?921.5 Optimization Techniques? - ?931.1 Mechanics? - ?951 Materials Science

Numerical data indexing: Frequency 6.70E+01Hz, Percentage 1.60E+01%, Percentage 1.90E+01%, Percentage 5.00E+00%, Percentage 6.60E+01%, Percentage 9.70E+01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2024.04.040

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

11. Effect of Discontinuous Light on Absorption of Inorganic Elements in Soilless Tomato Seedlings

Accession number: 20242016104042

Title of translation: 非连续光对无土栽培番茄苗期无机元素吸收的影响

Authors: Chen, Xiaoli (1); Liu, Yihan (1, 2); Xu, Fan (1); Wei, Xiaoming (1); Zheng, Wen’gang (1)

Author affiliation: (1) Intelligent Equipment Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing; 100097, China; (2) Horticultural and Landscape Architecture College, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin; 300384, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 55

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 2024

Publication year: 2024

Pages: 327-336 and 345

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Tomato plants were planted in rock wool in an artificial light plant factory and exposed to red background light with supplementary or substituted blue light. The nutrient element absorption by tomato plants and the spectral parameters of tomato leaves were analyzed. The results showed that compared with constant pure red light, both supplementary and substituted blue light decreased the content of K in tomato leaves but increased that in tomato stems, interventional blue light might inhibit the transport of K from stems to leaves; both supplementary and substituted blue light increased the content of Mg in the whole tomato plant by 8.93% ~ 13.63% while decreased that of Fe by 28% -48% and Mn by 3.93% ~ 21.24%. Among which, Mg content in tomato leaves was increased with the increase of supplemental blue light intensity. The content of Mg was higher in tomato plants treated with substituted blue light than that treated with supplementary blue light, while Fe content showed opposite trend. Substituted blue light seemed more conducive to the accumulation of Mg in tomato leaves as well as the inhibition of Fe in the whole plant. Compared with pure red light, the Hue and MCARI value of tomato leaves treated with interventional blue light was increased, while the Red/Green value was decreased; Hue and MCARI value was increased with the increase of supplemental blue light intensity. Hue and MCARI value were the highest under R/RBg0 treatment, which were respectively 4% and 124% higher than the control. In substituted blue light mode, Hue and MCARI value first increased and then decreased with the prolongation of blue light intermittent time, reaching the highest values under R/RB(lh) treatment, which were 6% and 215% higher than the control respectively. The reflectance of tomato leaves in the green light area was close to the change trend of Hue and MCARI value among treatments, while Mg content in tomato leaves showed a certain positive correlation with chlorophyll spectral parameters. Comparing with the spectral parameters of tomato leaves under the two modes of interventional blue light, it can be seen that substituted blue light was more conducive for the decomposition of carotenoid and the accumulation of chlorophyll in leaves than supplemental blue light on the basis of equal total light amount. The discontinuous light supply mode might regulate the absorption of inorganic elements in tomato plants, thereby affecting the formation of leaf pigments. The research result can provide some theoretical basis for the regulation of light environment in soilless tomato cultivation. ? 2024 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 20

Main heading: Chlorophyll

Controlled terms: Carotenoids? - ?Fruits? - ?Light emitting diodes? - ?Plants (botany)? - ?Seed

Uncontrolled terms: Blue light? - ?Discontinuous light? - ?Inorganic elements? - ?LED light supply mode? - ?LED lights? - ?Plant factory? - ?Supply modes? - ?Tomato leaf? - ?Tomato plants? - ?Tomato seedlings

Classification code: 714.2 Semiconductor Devices and Integrated Circuits? - ?804.1 Organic Compounds? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.24E+02%, Percentage 1.363E+01%, Percentage 2.124E+01%, Percentage 2.15E+02%, Percentage 2.80E+01% to 4.80E+01%, Percentage 3.93E+00%, Percentage 4.00E+00%, Percentage 6.00E+00%, Percentage 8.93E+00%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2024.04.032

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

12. Feature Analysis of Detection of Multiple Adulterants Simultaneously in Infant Milk Powder Using Hyperspectral Images

Accession number: 20242016104051

Title of translation: 婴幼儿奶粉中多种掺假物近红外高光谱图像检测方法

Authors: Zhao, Xin (1); Ma, Jingyi (1); Chen, Han (1); Jiang, Hongzhe (2); Chu, Xuan (3); Zhao, Zhilei (1, 4)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Quality and Technical Supervision, Hebei University, Baoding; 071002, China; (2) College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing; 210037, China; (3) College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou; 510225, China; (4) National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Metrology Instrument and System, Hebei University, Baoding; 071002, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 55

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 2024

Publication year: 2024

Pages: 368-375

Language: English

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Milk powder is the hardest hit area for food adulteration. Among them, infant formula milk powder is expensive and important, with quality being the focus of consumers, manufacturers, and law enforcement agencies. Near infrared - hyperspectral imaging (NIR - HSI) technology combined with ohemometrics and machine learning algorithms can detect the content of single adulterant in milk powder. The quantitative prediction of multiple adulterants (melamine, vanillin and starch) in different brands of infant milk powder was studied based on NIR - HSI technology. The hyperspectral images after pixel wise pretreatment were divided into regions of interest (ROI), and the ROI average spectra were extracted. The key variables for modeling were selected based on the classic filtering feature selection algorithms, i.e. Laplacian score (unsupervised) and ReliefF (supervised). Partial least squares (PLS) regression was adopted to establish prediction models. A one-dimensional convolutional neural network (1DCNN) model with a self-defined selection layer was developed. The self-defined layer determined the important wavelength variables according to the multiplicative weight parameters learned after modeling. The root mean square errors of prediction set of Laplacian score - PLS models to predict milk powder, melamine, vanillin and starch were 0.1ll 0%, 0.057 0%, 0.034 9% and 0.348 1%, respectively. The root mean square errors of prediction set of ReliefF - PLS models to predict milk powder, melamine, vanillin and starch were 0. 199 8%, 0.054 0%, 0.045 5% and 0. 182 3%, respectively. The root mean square errors of prediction set of 1DCNN models to predict milk powder, melamine, vanillin and starch were 0.856 1%, 0.091 1%, 0.064 4% and 0.294 2%, respectively. The first 15 important wavelengths selected by Laplacian score, ReliefF and self-defined selection layer were compared and analyzed. The characteristic wavelength subsets selected by different feature selection methods were different, but the wavelengths near 1 210 nm, 1 474 nm, 1 524 nm and 1 680 nm were selected in more than one method. The visualization results based on the ReliefF - PLS model demonstrated good predictive ability. ? 2024 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 30

Main heading: Mean square error

Controlled terms: Convolution? - ?Convolutional neural networks? - ?Errors? - ?Feature extraction? - ?Forecasting? - ?Fruits? - ?Hyperspectral imaging? - ?Infrared devices? - ?Laplace transforms? - ?Learning algorithms ? - ?Least squares approximations? - ?Multilayer neural networks? - ?Near infrared spectroscopy? - ?Starch

Uncontrolled terms: Convolutional neural network? - ?Laplacian score algorithm? - ?Laplacians? - ?Milk powder? - ?Milk powder adulteration? - ?Near-infrared hyperspectral imaging? - ?ReliefF? - ?Relieff algorithms? - ?Root-mean-square error of predictions? - ?Score algorithm

Classification code: 716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing? - ?723.4.2 Machine Learning? - ?746 Imaging Techniques? - ?804.1 Organic Compounds? - ?815.1.1 Organic Polymers? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?921.3 Mathematical Transformations? - ?921.6 Numerical Methods? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 0.00E00%, Percentage 1.00E00%, Percentage 2.00E+00%, Percentage 3.00E+00%, Percentage 4.00E+00%, Percentage 5.00E+00%, Percentage 8.00E+00%, Percentage 9.00E+00%, Size 2.10E-07m, Size 4.74E-07m, Size 5.24E-07m, Size 6.80E-07m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2024.04.036

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

13. Effects of Straw Returning on N2O Emission and Yield under Water-saving Irrigation in Black Soil Paddy Field

Accession number: 20242016104044

Title of translation: 节水灌溉下秸秆还田形式对黑土区稻田 N2O 排放与产量的影响

Authors: Xue, Li (1, 2); Zhang, Zhongxue (1, 2); Qi, Zhijuan (1, 2); Han, Yu (1, 2); Xu, Dan (2, 3); Zhang, Zuohe (4); Zhou, Xin (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China; (2) Key Laboratory oj Efficient Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China; (3) College of Arts and Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China; (4) College of Agriculture and Hydraulic Engineering, Suihua University, Suihua; 152061, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 55

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 2024

Publication year: 2024

Pages: 280-289

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to investigate the effect of different irrigation modes of straw return form on N2 0 emission and yield of paddy field in black soil area, a field experiment was conducted in 2023, which was set up with two irrigation modes, conventional irrigation (F) and controlled irrigation (C), and three types of straw return forms, namely, straw return to the field (S), straw charred to biochar return to the field (B), and straw return to the field through cow’s belly as organic fertilizer (0), and straw not returning (N) as a control group, with a total of eight treatments. The effects of straw return on N2O emission flux and rice yield under different irrigation modes were analyzed. The contents of ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, microbial nitrogen and pH value in paddy soil at different growth stages were determined, and the relationship between N2O emission, rice yield and soil environmental factors was analyzed. The results showed that except for the regreening period, the soil ammonium nitrogen content, nitrate nitrogen content and microbial nitrogen content of straw return and organic fertilizer return treatments were increased compared with that of straw non-return treatment. Under the same form of straw return, the average soil ammonium nitrogen content and nitrate nitrogen content during the fertility period of treatments under the controlled irrigation mode were 36.23% -60.82% and 14.16% ~ 19.61% higher than those under the conventional irrigation mode. At the same time, straw return and biochar return can improve the pH value of paddy soil. Under the same irrigation mode, compared with the straw non-return treatment, the total N2O emissions of straw return and organic fertilizer return treatments were increased by 14.44% -24.09% and 8.22% -14.44%, respectively, and the total N2O emissions of biochar return treatment were decreased by 14.31% -23.90%. Biochar return and organic fertilizer return increased rice yield by 3. 28% - 13. 07%, and the yield of biochar return treatment under controlled irrigation mode was the highest. In summary, CB treatment was the ultimate goal of water saving, yield increase and emission reduction. ? 2024 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 29

Main heading: Nitrates

Controlled terms: Irrigation? - ?Nitrogen fertilizers? - ?pH? - ?Soils? - ?Water conservation

Uncontrolled terms: Biochar? - ?Black soil? - ?Controlled irrigations? - ?Irrigation modes? - ?N2O emission? - ?Organic fertilizers? - ?Paddy field in black soil area? - ?Paddy fields? - ?Rice yield? - ?Straw returning form

Classification code: 444 Water Resources? - ?483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?801.1 Chemistry, General? - ?804 Chemical Products Generally? - ?804.2 Inorganic Compounds? - ?821.2 Agricultural Chemicals? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.416E+01%, Percentage 1.431E+01% to 2.39E+01%, Percentage 1.444E+01% to 2.409E+01%, Percentage 1.961E+01%, Percentage 2.80E+01%, Percentage 3.623E+01% to 6.082E+01%, Percentage 7.00E+00%, Percentage 8.22E+00% to 1.444E+01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2024.04.028

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

14. Soil Pore Evolution and Effect on Solute Transport with Straw Application

Accession number: 20242016103982

Title of translation: 秸秆还田下土壤孔隙演化及其对溶质穿透特征的影响机理分析

Authors: Duan, Zhengyu (1); Zhu, Chengli (1); Che, Zigang (2); Ji, Hongbo (2); Wang, Ce (1); Chen, Xiaoan (3)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing; 211100, China; (2) Department oj Radiology, Nanjing Tongren Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing; 211102, China; (3) Jiangxi Academy of Water Science and Engineering, Nanchang; 330029, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 55

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 2024

Publication year: 2024

Pages: 312-326

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: The evolution of pore strueture and the meehanism of its influence on both soil moisture and solute breakthrough during the straw decomposition process were experimentally investigated. Treatments with straw application rates of 0 t/hm, 5 t/hm, 10 t/hm, and 15 t/hm and decomposition time points of 0 d, 30 d, and 60 d were set up for the CT tomography and breakthrough experiment. CT tomography was employed to visually quantify the evolution of soil pore structure, and the breakthrough experiment was employed to analyze the evolution of moisture - solute transport preferential flow pattern. The results showed that at the early stage of straw decomposition, features of soil pore/throat pathways were modified, which inhibited the moisture - solute transport. Field capacity and soil moisture content were increased, solute breakthrough was slowed down, and the preferential flow pattern was restrained with straw incorporation. Soil moisture and fertilizer can be effectively retained, consequently. As straw was decomposed to 60 d, the pore/throat pathways were changed, and the preferential flow began to develop, but the soil moisture and fertilizer retention capacity were increased. At the initial stage of straw application of 5 t/hm, 10 t/hm, and 15 t/hm, compared with the CK group, the proportion of macropore volume was decreased by 7%, 14%, and 50%, the connected pore was decreased by 11%, 39%, and 66%, the surface moisture content was increased by 1 %, 3%, and 6%. After 60 d of decomposition, compared with group 0 d, the proportion of macropore volume was increased by 331%, 200%, and 357%, the connected pores was increased by 33%, 84%, and 195%, the surface moisture content was increased by 6%, 5%, and 5%, and the solute collected was decreased by 55%, 76%, and 67% when completed breakthrough, respectively. Based on the Green - Ampt model and the exponential decay model, models for the estimation of saturated hydraulic conductivity were proposed with different straw application rates at different decomposition time points. It indicated that the saturated hydraulic conductivity was decreased after straw application and increased with straw decomposition. The most significant novelty lied in the fact that the features of different stages of straw decomposition were revealed, providing a basis for controlling macropore flow and ineffective irrigation, which can further provide practical guidance for scientific straw application. ? 2024 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 59

Main heading: Pore structure

Controlled terms: Computerized tomography? - ?Fertilizers? - ?Flow patterns? - ?Groundwater flow? - ?Hydraulic conductivity? - ?Moisture determination? - ?Soil moisture? - ?Solute transport

Uncontrolled terms: Application rates? - ?Breakthrough curve? - ?Computed tomography? - ?Macropore preferential flow? - ?Macropores? - ?Pores structure? - ?Preferential flows? - ?Soil pores? - ?Straw decomposition? - ?Three-dimensional feature

Classification code: 444.2 Groundwater? - ?483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?631.1 Fluid Flow, General? - ?632.1 Hydraulics? - ?723.5 Computer Applications? - ?804 Chemical Products Generally? - ?821.2 Agricultural Chemicals? - ?931 Classical Physics; Quantum Theory; Relativity? - ?931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids? - ?944.2 Moisture Measurements

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.00E00%, Percentage 1.10E+01%, Percentage 1.40E+01%, Percentage 1.95E+02%, Percentage 2.00E+02%, Percentage 3.00E+00%, Percentage 3.30E+01%, Percentage 3.31E+02%, Percentage 3.57E+02%, Percentage 3.90E+01%, Percentage 5.00E+00%, Percentage 5.00E+01%, Percentage 5.50E+01%, Percentage 6.00E+00%, Percentage 6.60E+01%, Percentage 6.70E+01%, Percentage 7.00E+00%, Percentage 7.60E+01%, Percentage 8.40E+01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2024.04.031

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

15. Design and Experiment on Portable Device for Extraction and Detection of Oxytetrarycline in Soil

Accession number: 20242116113010

Title of translation: 便携式土壤土霉素提取-检测装置设计与试验

Authors: Zhang, Hang (1, 2); Gao, Xin (1, 2); Liu, Qian (1, 2); You, Tianyan (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang; 212013, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology, Ministry of Education, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang; 212013, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 55

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 2024

Publication year: 2024

Pages: 32-39

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Developing portable devices for extraction and detection of oxytetracycline (OTC) in soil, and developing accurate methods for on-site analysis of OTC in soil is of great importance to ensure the safety of agricultural environment and human health. The existing devices for OTC extraction require additional devices to meet the needs for on-site extraction, and the low sensitivity of the on-site detection method limits its application in accurate detection of trace OTC in soil. Integration circuits provide ideas of hardware integration design for soil OTC extraction - detection devices because of the advantages of simple circuitry, low failure rate, low power consumption, and high reliability; the photoelectrochemical (PEC) aptasensor is expected to achieve accurate detection of OTC for its high sensitivity, good selectivity, and easy portability. A portable device was developed for extraction and PEC detection of OTC in soil by designing an integrated hardware circuit. Firstly, a portable device for extraction of OTC in soil was designed and developed with STM32F103ZET6 as the control core. The extraction of OTC from soil was accomplished using the developed portable device and laboratory device, respectively, and the extraction precision was verified by using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography - mass spectrometry (UPLC - MS/MS). Subsequently, a portable PEC detection device was prepared by using integrated Bi2S3-C3N4 based screen-printed electrodes, low-power LEDs, and a miniaturized electrochemical workstation. The design of hardware circuit and light source darkroom had the function of controlling the timing switching of the LEDs during PEC detection and avoiding the interference of the external light source on the output PEC signal. Lastly, the portable extraction-PEC detection device was used for on-site analysis of OTC in soil. Results showed that the extraction precision of the developed portable device was accordance with that of the laboratory device; and the portable PEC detection device had a linear range of 1 xlO ~1 X 10 mol/L and a detection limit of 5. 33 X 10 mol/L was obtained for OTC detection; and the results of the on-site analytical method for OTC were basically agree with the results of the UPLC - MS/MS method. This work would realize the on-site analysis of OTC in soil and provide technological support for soil treatment. ? 2024 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 22

Main heading: Extraction

Controlled terms: Bismuth compounds? - ?Failure analysis? - ?High performance liquid chromatography? - ?Light emitting diodes? - ?Low power electronics? - ?Mass spectrometry? - ?Soils

Uncontrolled terms: Detection device? - ?Hardware circuits? - ?Laboratory devices? - ?On-site analysis? - ?On-site detection? - ?Oxytetracycline in soil? - ?Photoelectrochemical sensors? - ?Photoelectrochemicals? - ?Portable device? - ?UPLC-MS/MS

Classification code: 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?714.2 Semiconductor Devices and Integrated Circuits? - ?801 Chemistry? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations

Numerical data indexing: Molar concentration 1.00E+04mol/m3

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2024.04.003

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

16. Three-dimensional Reconstruction and Phenotype Parameters Acquisition of Seeding Vegetables Based on Neural Radiance Fields

Accession number: 20242016104032

Title of translation: 基于神经辐射场的苗期作物三维建模和表型参数获取

Authors: Zhu, Lei (1, 2); Jiang, Wei (1, 2); Sun, Boyan (1, 2); Chai, Mingtang (1, 2); Li, Saiju (1, 2); Ding, Yimin (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan; 750021, China; (2) Key Laboratory of the Internet of Water and Digital Water Covernance of the Yellow River, Ningxia University, Yinchuan; 750021, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 55

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 2024

Publication year: 2024

Pages: 184-192 and 230

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Accurate and efficient reconstruction of seedling crop structures is crucial for obtaining phenotype parameters. The traditional method for 3D reconstruction based on the structure from motion and multi-view stereo (SFM - MVS) algorithm, which had high reconstruction accuracy and high computional cost. It was difficult to meet the demand for rapid acquisition of phenotype parameters. A system for acquiring phenotype parameters and creating 3D models of seedling crops was proposed by using neural radiance fields (NeRF). The system utilized smart phone to capture RGB images of the objects from various viewpoints and constructed the 3D model through the NeRF algorithm. The algorithms of line fitting and region growing in point cloud library (PCL) were used to automatically segment the plants. Additionally, the algorithms of distance-minimum traversal, circle fitting, and triangulation were used to measure phenotype parameters such as plant height, stem diameter, and leaf area. To assess the reconstruction efficiency and accuracy of phenotype parameter measurement, seedling plants of pepper, tomato, strawberry and epipremnum aureum were selected as subjects. The reconstruction results were compared by using the NeRF and the SFM - MVS algorithm. The results indicated that both methods were capable of achieving superior reconstruction outcomes. The root mean square errors of the point-to-point distances of each seedlings were only 0.128 cm to 0.359 cm. But in terms of speed, this method improved the reconstruction speed by an average of 700% compared with the SFM - MVS method. The method used to extract plant height and stem diameter of chili pepper seedlings had a coefficient of determination (R) of 0.971 and 0.907, respectively. The root mean square error (RMSE) was 0. 86 cm and 0.017 cm, respectively. The R of the leaf area extracted from the plants at seedling stage ranged from 0.909 to 0.935, and the RMSE ranged from 0.75 cm to 3.22 cm, indicating a high level of accuracy in measurement. The proposed method can significantly speed up 3D reconstruction and acquisition of phenotype parameters. This would provide a more efficient technical means for vegetable breeding and seedling selection. ? 2024 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 42

Main heading: Crops

Controlled terms: 3D modeling? - ?Fruits? - ?Image reconstruction? - ?Mean square error? - ?Parameter estimation? - ?Plants (botany)? - ?Seed? - ?Smartphones? - ?Stereo image processing? - ?Three dimensional computer graphics

Uncontrolled terms: 3D reconstruction? - ?Leaf area? - ?Multi-view stereo? - ?Neural radiance field? - ?Phenotype parameter? - ?Root mean square errors? - ?Seedling crop? - ?Stereo algorithms? - ?Structure from motion? - ?Three-dimensional reconstruction

Classification code: 718.1 Telephone Systems and Equipment? - ?723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing? - ?723.5 Computer Applications? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 7.00E+02%, Size 1.28E-03m to 3.59E-03m, Size 1.70E-04m, Size 7.50E-03m to 3.22E-02m, Size 8.60E-01m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2024.04.018

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

17. Method for Counting Wheat Ears in UAV Images Based on FE-P2Pnet

Accession number: 20242016104047

Title of translation: 基于FE-P2Pnet的无人机小麦图像麦穗计数方法

Authors: Bao, Wenxia (1); Su, Biaobiao (1); Hu, Gensheng (1); Huang, Chengpei (1); Liang, Dong (1)

Author affiliation: (1) National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Agricultural Ecological Big Data Analysis and Application Technology, Anhui University, Hefei; 230601, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 55

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 2024

Publication year: 2024

Pages: 155-164 and 289

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Ear count is the committed step of wheat yield estimation. With the rapid development of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and computer vision technology, the problem of automatic counting of wheat ears can be solved more quickly and efficiently. An automatic counting method for UAV wheat ear images was proposed based on feature enhance - point to point (FE - P2Pnet) to address issues such as complex background, dense wheat, small wheat ear targets, and varying wheat ear sizes. Firstly, the brightness and contrast of the UAV image were enhanced to increase the difference between the wheat ear target and the background, and the influence of complex background factors such as leaves and stems were reduced. Secondly, a point annotated network P2Pnet was introduced as the baseline network to address the problem of dense wheat ears. At the same time, in response to the problem of limited feature information caused by small wheat ear targets, a Triplet module was added to the backbone network VGG16 of P2Pnet, which interacted with the information of C (channel), H (height), and W (width) dimensions, allowing the backbone network to extract more feature information related to the target. In response to the issue of varying wheat ear sizes, feature enhancement module (FEM) and squeeze excitation (SE) modules were added to feature pyramid networks (FPN), enabling this module to better process feature information and fuse multi-scale information. In order to better classify targets, Focal Loss function instead of cross entropy loss function was used. This loss function can carry out different weights on the background and target feature information to further highlight features. The experimental results showed that the mean absolute error (MAE), mean square error (MSE), and accuracy (ACC) indicators of wheat ear counting on the constructed unmanned aerial vehicle wheat image dataset (Wheat - ZWF) achieved 3. 77, 5.13, and 90. 87%, respectively. Compared with other target counting regression methods such as MCNN, CSRnet, and WHCNETs, the performance was the best. Compared with the baseline network P2Pnet, the MAE and MSE values were decreased by 23.2% and 16.6% respectively, and the ACC value was increased by 2. 67 percentage points. In order to further validate the effectiveness of the algorithm proposed, experiments were conducted on four other different wheat varieties (AK1009, AK1401, AK1706, and YKM222) collected. The experimental results showed that the average MAE and MSE values of wheat ear counting were 5. 10 and 6. 17, with ACC of 89. 69%. This indicated that the proposed model had good generalization performance. The research can provide certain support and assistance for related studies on wheat ear counting. ? 2024 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 26

Main heading: Mean square error

Controlled terms: Antennas? - ?Complex networks? - ?Finite element method? - ?Image enhancement? - ?Regression analysis? - ?Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)

Uncontrolled terms: Aerial vehicle? - ?Ear count of wheat? - ?FE-p2pnet? - ?Feature enhancement? - ?Feature enhancement module? - ?Feature information? - ?Mean absolute error? - ?Unmanned aerial vehicle image? - ?Vehicle images? - ?Wheat-ZWF dataset

Classification code: 652.1 Aircraft, General? - ?722 Computer Systems and Equipment? - ?921.6 Numerical Methods? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.66E+01%, Percentage 2.32E+01%, Percentage 6.90E+01%, Percentage 8.70E+01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2024.04.015

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

18. Optimization Design of Myring Streamlined Volume Sink Based on NSGA-Ⅱ Genetic Algorithm

Accession number: 20242016100948

Title of translation: 基于NSGA-Ⅱ遗传算法的Myring流线型量水槽体型优化设

Authors: Yang, Yang (1); Zhang, Kuandi (1, 2); Yao, Tiancheng (1); Li, Ke (1); Lu, Hongxing (1); Wang, Meng (1)

Author affiliation: (1) Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Northwest a and F University, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi, Yangling; 712100, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on Loess Plateau, Northwest a and F University, Shaanxi, Yangling; 712100, China

Corresponding author: Zhang, Kuandi(zhangkuandi428@126.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 55

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 2024

Publication year: 2024

Pages: 241-250

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to find a new type of quantitative tank with better hydraulic performance and broaden the research ideas in the field of quantitative tank, the obstruction state of the quantitative tank in the channel has certain similarities with the resistance of the submersible when diving, so based on the structural characteristics of Myring streamlined submersible, the body shape design of the measuring tank was carried out, and the better linear type and its hydraulic characteristics with the least hindered volume tank were explored. The length of contraction section, the sharpness factor of contraction section, the length of diffusion section and the departure angle of diffusion section were the variables, totally 40 sets of experimental schemes were designed for streamlined parameters by using the optimal Latin hypercube design method, and 40 sets of simulation data values were obtained based on FLOW -3D software. These data included percentage head loss and upstream Froude number, which were used to train RBF neural networks, and the coefficients of determination were 0. 989 16 and 0. 999 78, respectively, indicating that the neural network had high accuracy; the neural network was used as the fitness value of NSGA-E genetic algorithm, and then the Patero frontier solution evaluation and screening by TOPSIS method were used to obtain the comprehensive optimal individual; the contraction segment length was 45. 9 cm, the contraction section sharpness factor was 0.74, the diffusion segment length was 49.2 cm, and the diffusion angle was 14. 63°. The corresponding head loss and upstream Froude number simulation values were 13.00% and 0. 327, respectively, and the error of the prediction results did not exceed 5%. A total of six contraction ratios were obtained by equal scale scaling of the optimal individuals, and model experiments were carried out under nine groups of flow rates, and it was found that the Ferude number of upstream under different working conditions was less than 0. 5, which met the requirements of the flow measurement specification, and the hydraulic performance was better when the shrinkage ratio was in the range of 0. 58 ~ 0. 66. Based on the principles of critical flow measurement and dimensional analysis, the accuracy of the current measurement formula was high, and the average relative error was 2. 09% . The research result proved the feasibility of applying streamline to the field of quantitative sink research and optimization through neural networks and genetic algorithms. At the same time, it was shown that the optimized Myring streamlined water tank had good performance and high flow measurement accuracy, which had a wide application prospect in irrigation channels. ? 2024 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 38

Main heading: Flow measurement

Controlled terms: Computer software? - ?Diffusion? - ?Finite difference method? - ?Flowmeters? - ?Froude number? - ?Genetic algorithms? - ?Numerical methods? - ?Submersibles? - ?Tanks (containers)

Uncontrolled terms: Body shapes? - ?Head loss? - ?Hydraulic performance? - ?Neural-networks? - ?NSGA-E genetic algorithm? - ?Optimisations? - ?Optimization design? - ?Optimization of body shape? - ?Segment lengths? - ?Streamlined volume sink

Classification code: 619.2 Tanks? - ?631.1 Fluid Flow, General? - ?674.1 Small Marine Craft? - ?723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications? - ?921.6 Numerical Methods? - ?943.1 Mechanical Instruments? - ?943.2 Mechanical Variables Measurements

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.30E+01%, Percentage 5.00E+00%, Percentage 9.00E+00%, Size 4.92E-01m, Size 9.00E-02m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2024.04.024

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

19. Fusion of Res3D, BiLSTM and Attention Mechanism for Sheep Behavior Recognition Method

Accession number: 20242016104063

Title of translation: 融合Res3D、BiLSTM和注意力机制的羊只行为识别方法

Authors: Yuan, Hongbo (1); Cao, Runliu (1); Cheng, Man (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding; 071001, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 55

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 2024

Publication year: 2024

Pages: 221-230

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In intensive sheep farms, behavioral changes can map out whether there are abnormalities in the sheep’s body. For example, when sheep are sick, rumination and feeding time will produce significant changes, and behavioral observation is one of the ways to diagnose their health. Identifying animal behavior can provide a basis for disease prevention and rational feeding, thus improving the focus on animal health and welfare. Therefore, animal behavior recognition has always been a focus of attention for researchers and production managers. Traditional manual observation methods require continuous human monitoring, and the fatigue response from long hours of human work tends to cause subjective errors in the results. In addition, sensor detection methods that require direct contact with the animal’s body tend to stress the animal, affecting animal health and production performance. A deep learning network model AdRes3D - BiLSTM was proposed that incorporated a three dimensional residual convolutional neural network, a bi-directional long and short-term memory network, and an attention mechanism. The AdRes3D component introduced depth separable convolution, a technique instrumental in curtailing computational complexity and enhancing network efficiency. Furthermore, an actionnet attention mechanism based on motion principles was embedded within the AdRes3D section, directing the network’s focus toward discerning behavioral nuances. This augmentation amplified the model’s adeptness in extracting pivotal behavioral key points across consecutive video frames, thereby augmenting its capacity for feature extraction across both temporal and spatial dimensions. Subsequently, the feature vectors extracted from this process were inputted into the BiLSTM module, affording bidirectional filtering and updating for temporal features, and the final sheep behaviors were accurately recognized. A dataset comprising 6 000 distinct videos was amassed for training the proposed model. This dataset encompassed different sheep instances, spanning varying periods, lighting conditions, and poses. An additional set of 1 200 behavioral videos, distincting from those employed in training, was seleeted as the testing data. The experimental results showed the effieacy of the AdRes3D - BiLSTM model, as evidenced by an exceptional comprehensive recognition accuracy rate of 98. 72% across five fundamental sheep behaviors; standing, lying, feeding, walking, and ruminating. In contrast to five alternative network architectures- namely, C3D, R(2 + 1)D, Res3D, Res3D - LSTM, and Res3D - BiLSTM - the AdRes3D - BiLSTM model achieved notable improvements in recognition metrics. Specifically, relative to these network models, AdRes3D - BiLSTM exhibited a precision enhancement of 11.32 percentage points, 6.24 percentage points, 4.34 percentage points, 2.04 percentage points and 1.52 percentage points, respectively. The corresponding improvements in recognition recall stood at 11.78 percentage points, 6.38 percentage points, 4.38 percentage points, 2. 12 percentage points and 1.68 percentage points, while Fl-score improvements registered at 11.70 percentage points, 6.35 percentage points, 4.38 percentage points, 2.08 percentage points and 1.60 percentage points, and the augmentation in recognition accuracy was quantified at 11. 97 percentage points, 6. 33 percentage points, 4. 37 percentage points, 2. 32 percentage points and 2. 01 percentage points. Furthermore, the method elucidated boasted an impressive frame rate, attaining a remarkable 52. 79 frames per second (FPS). This recognition speed substantiated the model’s real-time processing capabilities, thereby satisfying operational demands. Additionally, a 24-hour uninterrupted video segment was randomly culled from the repository of collected videos, effectively validating the model’s efficacy in a real-world environment. This investigation ushers in novel methodologies and conceptual insights for animal behavior recognition based on video streams. The strides furnished fresh avenues for advancing the field, presenting innovative strategies and perspectives for further exploration and implementation. ? 2024 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 43

Main heading: Feeding

Controlled terms: Animals? - ?Behavioral research? - ?Convolution? - ?Convolutional neural networks? - ?Deep learning? - ?Farms? - ?Learning systems? - ?Network architecture? - ?Video streaming

Uncontrolled terms: Animal behaviour? - ?Attention mechanisms? - ?Attentional mechanism? - ?Behaviour recognition? - ?BiLSTM? - ?Percentage points? - ?Res3d? - ?Sheep? - ?Sheep behaviour? - ?Video-streaming

Classification code: 461.4 Ergonomics and Human Factors Engineering? - ?691.2 Materials Handling Methods? - ?716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control? - ?971 Social Sciences

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 7.20E+01%, Time 8.64E+04s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2024.04.022

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

20. Simulation of Effect of Controlled Drainage on Reducing Drainage and Nitrogen Output from High Standard Farmland in Rice and Wheat Rotation Area

Accession number: 20242016104027

Title of translation: 稻麦轮作高标准农田控制排水对排水与氮素输出削减效果模拟

Authors: Luo, Wan (1); Wang, Jiacheng (1); Jia, Zhonghua (1); Liu, Wenlong (1); Wei, Tonghui (1); Zou, Jiarong (1); Zhu, Mengyan (1); Wu, Hui (1); Peng, Jiawen (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Hydraulic Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou; 225009, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 55

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 2024

Publication year: 2024

Pages: 272-279 and 311

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In the high standard farmland construction in the plain river network areas, improving field drainage capacity for waterlogging reduction may increase drainage and the associated pollutants discharge to the receiving water bodies. So it is necessary to take controlled drainage (CD) measures to mitigate the adverse impact of crop production on the ecological environment. Based on a monitoring study on drainage and water quality processes conducted in the rice and wheat rotation fields in the Yanyun Irrigation District of Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province from 2021 to 2022, an analytical study by using the field hydrological model-DRAINMOD was presented to examine the impact of increasing drainage intensity and controlled drainage (CD) on rice field drainage, nitrogen losses, and irrigation demands based on long-term meteorological records. The simulation results showed that under the traditional drainage (TD) conditions, when the drainage spacing (L) was between 120 m and 20 m and the depth (D) was increased from 60 cm to 120 cm, the predicted drainage and total nitrogen (TN) losses were increased by 9. 0% ~ 22. 2%, the ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) loss was increased by 4. 0% ~ 16. 8%, and the irrigation demand was increased by 9. 6% -23. 4%. The increases in drainage, irrigation, and nitrogen losses were more pronounced when the drainage intensity was high. Considering the differences in drainage requirements during different periods of rice and wheat rotation, the aforementioned negative effects can be avoided with controlled drainage measures. Under the controlled drainage conditions, when the drainage spacing (L) was at 120 -20 m and the depth was at 60 cm, the predicted drainage and TN losses were decreased by 12.0% ~ 22.9%, NH3-N loss was decreased by 3.4% ~ 22.0%, and irrigation demand was decreased by 14.6% -28.5%. When the drainage depth was at 120 cm, the predicted drainage and TN losses were decreased by 19. 3% - 35. 3%, NH3-N loss was decreased by 7. 6% - 27. 2%, and irrigation demand was decreased by 22. 9% - 40. 0%. For smaller drainage spacing, the water-saving and nitrogen reduction effect of CD was more significant. The controlled drainage changed the proportion of surface drainage to subsurface drainage. By restricting subsurface drainage, CD reduced the amount of subsurface drainage by 14% and 23% drainage for drainage depth at 60 cm and 120 cm. The results showed that controlled drainage in the rice and wheat rotation fields had very positive effect on irrigation water-saving, drainage and nitrogen reduction, which can effectively alleviate the negative impact of increasing drainage intensity to improve field drainage capacity. Findings from this research can provide theoretical basis and technical support for the construction of high standard farmland and water environment protection in the rice and wheat rotation areas. ? 2024 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 37

Main heading: Nitrogen

Controlled terms: Agricultural pollution? - ?Ammonia? - ?Crop rotation? - ?Cultivation? - ?Drainage? - ?Farms? - ?Irrigation? - ?Quality control? - ?River pollution? - ?Rotation ? - ?Water conservation? - ?Water quality

Uncontrolled terms: Controlled-drainage? - ?DRAINMOD? - ?DRAINMOD model? - ?High standard farmland? - ?High standards? - ?N loss? - ?Nitrogen loss? - ?Rice? - ?Total nitrogen? - ?Wheat rotation field

Classification code: 444 Water Resources? - ?445.2 Water Analysis? - ?453 Water Pollution? - ?454.2 Environmental Impact and Protection? - ?804 Chemical Products Generally? - ?804.2 Inorganic Compounds? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods? - ?913.3 Quality Assurance and Control? - ?931.1 Mechanics

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 0.00E00%, Percentage 1.20E+01%, Percentage 1.40E+01%, Percentage 1.46E+01% to 2.85E+01%, Percentage 2.00E+00%, Percentage 2.20E+01%, Percentage 2.29E+01%, Percentage 2.30E+01%, Percentage 3.00E+00%, Percentage 3.40E+00%, Percentage 4.00E+00%, Percentage 6.00E+00%, Percentage 8.00E+00%, Percentage 9.00E+00%, Size 1.20E+00m, Size 1.20E+02m to 2.00E+01m, Size 6.00E-01m to 1.20E+00m, Size 6.00E-01m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2024.04.027

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

21. Intelligent Scheduling Simulation Evaluation of Tractor Mixed-model Assembly Based on Digital Twin

Accession number: 20242016104036

Title of translation: 基于数字孪生的拖拉机混流装配智能排产仿真评价

Authors: Wang, Jizhang (1); Liu, Zhe (1); Gao, Zhiheng (1); Wang, Tao (1)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang; 212013, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 55

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 2024

Publication year: 2024

Pages: 385-393

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Workshop scheduling is very important to improve the efficiency of the workshop. Intelligent scheduling can greatly improve the level of automation and intelligence of processing. However, in the traditional production process, most of the fixed man-hour data were used to estimate the operation time of the production line, while the mixed flow assembly of tractors was dominated by workers, and the operation time of workers was not fixed or even quite different. In order to meet the requirements of intelligent scheduling, it was proposed to simulate and evaluate the production plan through the digital twin workshop to enhance the interaction and feedback with the actual workshop. A digital twin 3D model scene and human-computer interaction interface consistent with the on-site tractor assembly line were built. According to the passing point information in the MES system, the real-time drive of the assembly line model was realized, and a digital twin system with strong expansibility and flexible reusability was established. The evaluation index of production plan was analyzed, and the interactive feedback between production plan management system and twin assembly line was proposed to realize the simulation operation and evaluation of production plan based on digital twin assembly line. Through the actual working hours collected by the digital twin assembly line, the production plan can be simulated and the optimized production plan can be obtained. The actual production plans of low-yield months, normal months and high-yield months within 5 days each were compared with the plans generated by the system. The results showed that the production plan obtained after the simulation evaluation of the system was superior. ? 2024 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 34

Main heading: Reusability

Controlled terms: 3D modeling? - ?Assembly? - ?Assembly machines? - ?Digital storage? - ?Human computer interaction? - ?Production control? - ?Tractors (agricultural)? - ?Tractors (truck)

Uncontrolled terms: Assembly line? - ?Intelligent scheduling? - ?Operation time? - ?Production plans? - ?Real- time? - ?Real-time driving? - ?Simulation evaluation? - ?Time drivings? - ?Tractor assembly? - ?Tractor assembly line

Classification code: 601.1 Mechanical Devices? - ?663.1 Heavy Duty Motor Vehicles? - ?722.1 Data Storage, Equipment and Techniques? - ?723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing? - ?821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment? - ?913.2 Production Control

Numerical data indexing: Age 1.37E-02yr

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2024.04.038

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

22. Adaptive RBF Neural Networks for Appointed-time Performance Control of Quadcopter UAVs with Model Uncertainty

Accession number: 20242116113050

Title of translation: 基于自适应RBF神经网络具有模型不确定性的四旋翼无人机指定时间预设性能控制方法

Authors: Zhang, Yuan (1, 2); Zheng, Hongji (1, 3); Liu, Haitao (3); Wei, Lijiao (1, 4); Shen, Dezhan (1, 5); Zhao, Zhenhua (1, 5)

Author affiliation: (1) Agricultural Machinery Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang; 524091, China; (2) Cuangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Precision Emission Control for Agricultural Particulates, Zhanjiang; 524000, China; (3) School of Mechanical Engineering, Cuangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang; 524091, China; (4) Zhanjiang Key Laboratory of Dynamics and Precision Emission Control for Particulates, Zhanjiang; 524091, China; (5) Key Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment for Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhanjiang; 524091, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 55

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 2024

Publication year: 2024

Pages: 64-73

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Quadrotor UAVs are characterized by strong coupling and underdrive, and are easily affected by external interference during flight, which in turn affects the stability and accuracy of the whole UAV system. Aiming at this problem, a specified-time preset performance constraint control policy based on RBF neural network was proposed. Firstly, in view of the difficulty of establishing an accurate mathematical model for the uncertain mathematical model of the quadrotor UAV and the existence of external unknown disturbances during the execution of the mission, a control method based on the specified time preset performance constraints was proposed, and the trajectory tracking problem of the quadrotor UAV was transformed into the desired command tracking problem for the position subsystem and the attitude subsystem; in view of the design of the controller, in order to solve the problem of the “ position subsystem “, the RBF neural network was used to design the controller. Secondly, a compensation system was introduced to solve the filter error caused by the “ differential explosion” problem during the controller design process. Finally, the unknown external perturbations were compensated by RBF neural network approximation and the predicted results were compensated to the controller to improve the robustness. Finally, the simulation method is used to verify the stability and performance advantages of UAV control system, flight tests were conducted to verify that the actual flight trajectory in a breeze gathering environment tended to be consistent with the simulation results. The deviation of the autonomous trajectory tracking takeoff and landing position was less than 1 cm, demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. ? 2024 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 24

Main heading: Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)

Controlled terms: Aircraft control? - ?Aircraft detection? - ?Controllers? - ?Error compensation? - ?Flight control systems? - ?Flight simulators? - ?Radial basis function networks? - ?System stability? - ?Trajectories? - ?Uncertainty analysis

Uncontrolled terms: Modeling uncertainties? - ?Performance constraints? - ?Performance control? - ?Prescribed performance? - ?Prescribed performance control? - ?Quad rotors? - ?Quadrotor UAV? - ?RBF Neural Network? - ?Strong-coupling? - ?Trajectory tracking control

Classification code: 652 Aircraft and Avionics? - ?652.1 Aircraft, General? - ?652.3 Aircraft Instruments and Equipment? - ?716.2 Radar Systems and Equipment? - ?731.1 Control Systems? - ?732.1 Control Equipment? - ?922.1 Probability Theory? - ?961 Systems Science

Numerical data indexing: Size 1.00E-02m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2024.04.006

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

23. Prediction of Photosynthetic Rate of Greenhouse Tomatoes Based on Multi-model Fusion Strategy

Accession number: 20242016103990

Title of translation: 基于多模型融合策略的温室番茄光合速率预测方法

Authors: Liu, Tan (1, 2); Zhu, Hongrui (1); Yuan, Qingyun (1); Wang, Yonggang (1); Zhang, Dapeng (1); Ding, Xiaoming (3)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Information and Electrical Engineering, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang; 110866, China; (2) Liaoning Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Shenyang; 110866, China; (3) Academy of Agricultural Planning and Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing; 100125, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 55

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 2024

Publication year: 2024

Pages: 337-345

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Accurately predicting the photosynthetic rate of greenhouse tomatoes is crucial for evaluating their growth and yield. However, due to the complexity and variability of the greenhouse environments, traditional photosynthetic rate prediction models often fail to meet the demand of precise prediction. To address this issue and enhance the accuracy and stability of prediction model, a multi-model fusion strategy for predicting the photosynthetic rate of greenhouse tomatoes was proposed. Initially, the photosynthetic rate of tomato was collected under various combinations of temperature, humidity, light intensity, and carbon dioxide concentration, and a sample set was constructed. The data was preprocessed by using five-fold cross - validation method. Based on preprocessed data, prediction models for tomato photosynthetic rate were established by using particle swarm optimization - support vector regression (PSO - SVR), cuckoo search optimization - extreme learning machine (CS - ELM), and northern goshawk optimization - Gaussian process regression (NGO - GPR) algorithms, and preliminary predictions were made. Next, the Stacking algorithm was used to combine the predictions of the basic models through training an ensemble tree meta-model (XGBoost), thereby achieving multi-model fusion.The results of simulation analysis demonstrated that compared with a single prediction model, the photosynthetic rate prediction model based on multi-model fusion effectively utilized the advantages of the basic models, enhancing the accuracy and stability of predicting photosynthetic rate. The MAE of the validation set for the model was 0. 569 7 pJmol/(m ? s), and the RMSE was 0. 721 4 p,mol/(m ? s). Therefore, the method proposed had significant advantages in predicting the photosynthetic rate of greenhouse crops, and can provide theoretical basis and technical support for the management and control of the light environment of greenhouse tomatoes and other crops. ? 2024 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 37

Main heading: Forecasting

Controlled terms: Carbon dioxide? - ?Crops? - ?Fruits? - ?Gaussian distribution? - ?Gaussian noise (electronic)? - ?Greenhouses? - ?Knowledge acquisition? - ?Machine learning? - ?Particle swarm optimization (PSO)

Uncontrolled terms: Extreme learning machine? - ?Gaussian process regression? - ?Learning machines? - ?Multi-model fusion? - ?Photosynthetic rate? - ?Photosynthetic rate prediction? - ?Prediction modelling? - ?Rate predictions? - ?Tomato

Classification code: 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications? - ?723.4 Artificial Intelligence? - ?804.2 Inorganic Compounds? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?821.6 Farm Buildings and Other Structures? - ?921.5 Optimization Techniques? - ?922.1 Probability Theory? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2024.04.033

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

24. Research and Experiment of Direct Seeding Rape Laser Seedling System Based on YOLO v5

Accession number: 20242016104041

Title of translation: 基于YOLO v5的直播油菜激光间苗系统设计与试验

Authors: Zhang, Changsong (1); Li, Wei (1)

Author affiliation: (1) Department of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Shaanxi University Science and Technology, Xi’an; 710021, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 55

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 2024

Publication year: 2024

Pages: 40-52

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Seedling is a key technieal measure to ensure the increase of direct canola yield, based on the deep learning algorithm YOLO v5 detection platform, a visual seedling system was developed, which can visualize the planting density of seedlings and help growers grasp the situation of reasonable dense planting. An interseedling algorithm with spacing and seedling leaf spread as the evaluation criteria was developed, which can standardize the seedling spacing and meet the horticultural requirements of seedlings to remove inferiority and store excellent seedlings. The genetic algorithm was used to plan the travel path of seedlings to improve the efficiency of seedlings. Compared with unplanned routes, the travel distance can be shortened by more than 50%. Rapeseed seeds were selected as experimental materials, and set different threshold values a for the experiment. The results showed that with the increase of the threshold a of inter-seedlings, the number of inter-seedlings was also increased, and the average density of the identified area was decreased, and the leaf spread length of the inter-seedlings was classified and counted, the ladder distribution of the leaf length of the seedlings proved that the seedling extension algorithm had the function of eliminating inferiority and preserving excellence. The execution stage of the seedlings accounted for more than 90% of the total time spent in the seedling operation. The three-factor three-level orthogonal test was carried out with the laser trace range, laser power, distance threshold, as the test factors. The performance verification test was carried out under the parameters of the optimal interseedling L of 30 mm, the laser power P of 7. 5 W, and the inter-seedling threshold a of 250 mm, reducing the accidental injury rate of seedlings and the time consumption of seedlings. The experiment showed that the average mortality rate of laser seedlings was 93. 29%, the average false injury rate was 5. 19%, the average total time spent was 15. 19 min. The research result provided a theoretical basis for automatic seedlings and provided equipment support for agricultural industrial planting. ? 2024 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 19

Main heading: Genetic algorithms

Controlled terms: Deep learning? - ?Industrial research? - ?Oilseeds

Uncontrolled terms: Automatic seedling? - ?Direct-seeding? - ?Evaluation criteria? - ?Injury rate? - ?Laser power? - ?Planting density? - ?Plantings? - ?Rape? - ?Time-spent? - ?YOLO v5

Classification code: 461.4 Ergonomics and Human Factors Engineering? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?901.3 Engineering Research? - ?912.1 Industrial Engineering

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.90E+01%, Percentage 2.90E+01%, Percentage 5.00E+01%, Percentage 9.00E+01%, Power 5.00E+00W, Size 2.50E-01m, Size 3.00E-02m, Time 1.14E+03s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2024.04.004

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

25. Analysis of Effects of Proteases on Volatile Flavor of Soybean Meal Based on HS-GC-IMS and HS-SPME-GC-MS

Accession number: 20242116113177

Title of translation: 基于HS-GC-IMS和HS-SPME-GC-MS的蛋白酶对豆粕挥发性风味的影响分析

Authors: Qi, Baokun (1); Liu, Yuwen (1); Yao, Yuxue (1); Wu, Siyu (1); Sun, Shukun (1, 2); Chen, Hao (2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China; (2) Heilongjiang Green Food Science Research Institute, Harbin; 150028, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 55

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 2024

Publication year: 2024

Pages: 352-367 and 410

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: To investigate the effect of enzymatic digestion of different proteases on the volatile flavor components of soybean meal, four proteases (alkaline protease, neutral protease, papain, flavor protease) were selected to enzyme soybean meal, using a headspace - gas chromatography - ion mobility spectroscopy (HS - GC - IMS) and headspace solid phase microextraction - gas chromatography - mass spectrometry (HS - SPME - GC - MS) to analyze volatile flavor composition of different soybean meal hydrolysates (SMH), combined with the principal component analysis (PCA), heatmap clustering, and orthogonal partial least squares - discriminant analysis (OPLS - DA) to analyze the different SMH. The results showed that the volatile flavor components of alkaline protease, neutral protease, papain and flavor protease were quite different. HS - GC - IMS identified 84 volatile components, and screened 33 differential flavor substances, which found that the content of ketones and aldehyde, alcohols and esters were increased significantly after enzymatic digestion. The PCA results indicated significant differences in flavor between different SMH. Finally, volatile compounds with large contributions were selected by OPLS - DA, and reliable models used to identify SMH were constructed. HS - SPME - GC - MS detected 103 different flavor substances that could be used to distinguish different SMH. The volatile compounds such as aldehyde, alcohols, and ketones made major contributions to the formation of SMH flavor, which clarified the reasons for the formation of some flavor compounds. PCA and cluster heat map results showed that the enzyme digestion of different proteases had a significant influence on the type and content of volatile flavor substances of soybean meal, among which, flavor protease and papain showed the most significant flavor improvement of soybean meal. ? 2024 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 35

Main heading: Principal component analysis

Controlled terms: Aldehydes? - ?Chromatographic analysis? - ?Discriminant analysis? - ?Extraction? - ?Flavor compounds? - ?Gas chromatography? - ?Gases? - ?Ion chromatography? - ?Ion mobility spectrometers? - ?Ketones ? - ?Least squares approximations? - ?Mass spectrometry? - ?Volatile organic compounds

Uncontrolled terms: Gaschromatography-mass spectrometry? - ?Head-space solid-phase microextraction? - ?Headspace gas chromatography? - ?Headspace solid phase microextraction? - ?Headspace solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography- mass spectrometry? - ?Headspace-gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry? - ?HS-SPME/GC-MS? - ?Hydrolysate digestion? - ?Ion mobility spectrometry? - ?Soybean meal

Classification code: 741.3 Optical Devices and Systems? - ?801 Chemistry? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations? - ?804.1 Organic Compounds? - ?822.3 Food Products? - ?903.1 Information Sources and Analysis? - ?921.6 Numerical Methods? - ?922 Statistical Methods? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics? - ?943.3 Special Purpose Instruments

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2024.04.035

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

26. Design and Experiment of Simple Harmonic Disturbance Separation Device for Potato Harvester

Accession number: 20242016100944

Title of translation: 马铃薯收获机扰动分离装置设计与试验

Authors: Wang, Xinehuan (1); Wei, Zhonecai (1, 2); Su, Guoliang (3, 4); Meng, Pengxiang (3, 4); Wang, Famine (3, 4); Zhang, Xianecai (1); Wang, Xianliane (1); Cheng, Xiupei (1); Li, Zhihe (1); Jin, Chengqian (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo; 255091, China; (2) Nanjing Research Institute for Agricultural Mechanization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing; 210014, China; (3) Shandong Star Agricultural Equipment Co., Ltd., Dezhou; 253600, China; (4) Shandong Provincial Intelligent Engineering and Technology Research Center for Potato Production Equipment, Dezhou; 253600, China

Corresponding author: Wei, Zhonecai(weizc@sdut.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 55

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 2024

Publication year: 2024

Pages: 101-112

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Combined with the harvesting mode and frequently-used rod-type separation devices in the main potato production areas of northern China, a disturbance separation device for potato harvester was designed to solve the problems of the poor soil fragmentation efficiency and harvest quality which existed in small-scale potato harvesters. On the basis of explaining the overall structure and working principle, combined with the analysis of the collision characteristics of potatoes and the fragmentating process of soil, the main factors which affected the the damage of potatoes and soil fragmentating were obtained. A simulation model was built through EDEM-RecurDyn coupling. The optimal number of disturbance rods obtained from single factor experiments was 4. The experimental factors were disturbance depth, eccentric wheel rotary speed, and eccentricity, and the collision force of potatoes and soil fragmentation rate were used as evaluation indicators. The method of Box-Behnken central combination design was used to conduct simulation experiments and work at the variance analysis on the experimental results. The response surface methodology was used to analyze the influence of various interaction factors on the experimental indicators. The optimum value of the influencing factors was determined based on actual operating conditions. The experiment showed that when the operating speed of the separating sieve of the harvester was 0.7m/s, the disturbance depth was 51.5mm, the rotary speed of the eccentric wheel was 2.3r/s set by the governor and the eccentricity was 31mm, the fragmentation rate of soil was 60.7%, and the average of the peak impact acceleration values collected by the impact recording device was 790.66m/s2. Both were below the critical damage threshold of potatoes. ? 2024 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 34

Main heading: Soils

Controlled terms: Acceleration? - ?Harvesters? - ?Wheels

Uncontrolled terms: Coupling simulation? - ?Disturbance separation device? - ?Eccentric wheels? - ?Harmonics disturbance? - ?Potato harvesters? - ?Potato soil separation device? - ?Rotary speed? - ?Separation devices? - ?Simple++

Classification code: 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?601.2 Machine Components? - ?821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment

Numerical data indexing: Acceleration 7.9066E+02m/s2, Percentage 6.07E+01%, Size 3.10E-02m, Size 5.15E-02m, Velocity 7.00E-01m/s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2024.04.010

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

27. Camellia oleifera Fruit Static and Dynamic Detection Counting Based on Improved COF-YOLO v8n

Accession number: 20242016104052

Title of translation: 基于改进COF-YOLO v8n的油茶果静态与动态检测计数方法

Authors: Wang, Jinpeng (1); He, Meng (1); Zhen, Qianguang (1); Zhou, Hongping (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing; 210037, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 55

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 2024

Publication year: 2024

Pages: 193-203

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Aiming at the problems of severe occlusion, close view and small target Camellia oleifera in Camellia oleifera fruit, the original YOLO v8n network was selected to improve the phenomenon of low detection accuracy and serious missed detection phenomenon by using the original YOLO network. MPDIOU was used as the loss function of YOLO v8n to effectively solve the problem of missed detection caused by fruit overlap. Adjusting the network and adding a small target detection layer to it, so that the network can pay attention to small target Camellia oleifera and Camellia oleifera obscured by leaves; SCConv was used to replace the C2f in the original YOLO v8n, so that the network can balance both detection accuracy and detection speed. The P, R and mAP of the improved COF - YOLO v8n network reached 97.7%, 97% and 99% respectively, which were 3.2 percentages, 4. 8 percentages and 2.4 percentages higher than P, R and mAP of the unimproved YOLO v8n, among which the P, R and mAP of Camellia oleifera reached 95. 9%, 95% and 98. 5% under severe occlusion, respectively, which was 4. 0 percentages, 9. 1 percentages and 4. 6 percentages higher than that of the original YOLO v8n. The COF - YOLO v8n network can significantly improve the recognition accuracy of Camellia oleifera under the conditions of severe occlusion, close vie, and small targets. In addition, the model can realize the counting of Camellia oleifera under dynamic and static input conditions. Dynamic counting draws on the multi-target tracking idea of DeepSORT algorithm, and took the recognition output of COF - YOLO v8n as the input of DeepSORT to realize the recognition and counting of Camellia oleifera fruits, and used the reduced resolution Camellia oleifera data to simulate the target situation in the field environment and restored the real picking environment. The resulting improved model had good robustness and simple model can be embedded in the robotic arm, which can not only be used to guide future automated harvesting, but also for yield estimation of orchards, providing reliable reference for orchard logistics distribution. ? 2024 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 31

Main heading: Computer vision

Controlled terms: Agricultural robots? - ?Fruits? - ?Target tracking

Uncontrolled terms: Camellia oleifera? - ?Camellia oleifera fruits? - ?COF - YOLO v8n? - ?Count? - ?Detection accuracy? - ?Machine-vision? - ?Missed detections? - ?Production estimate? - ?Severe occlusions? - ?Small targets

Classification code: 723.5 Computer Applications? - ?731.5 Robotics? - ?741.2 Vision? - ?821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 5.00E+00%, Percentage 9.00E+00%, Percentage 9.50E+01%, Percentage 9.70E+01%, Percentage 9.77E+01%, Percentage 9.90E+01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2024.04.019

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

28. Design and Experiment of Star-tooth Spherical Disc Soil-covering Device for Planter

Accession number: 20242016103972

Title of translation: 播种机星齿球面盘式覆土装置设计与试验

Authors: Lu, Qi (1, 2); Liu, Lijing (1, 2); Liu, Zhongjun (1, 2); Jin, Wenting (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Sciences Group Co., Ltd., Beijing; 100083, China; (2) National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment Technology, Beijing; 100083, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 55

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 2024

Publication year: 2024

Pages: 23-31 and 73

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In view of the unreliable operation of the V-type extrusion soil-eovering device under clay conditions, the seed furrow is not tightly closed, which is easy to cause the actual production problems of seed “overhead” and “seed drying”. A star-toothed spherical disc soil-covering device was designed to improve the soil covering quality of the planter. The working principle of the star-tooth spherical disc soil-covering device was analyzed. Through the kinematic analysis of soil particle in the process of soil covering operation, the main structural parameters affecting the quality of soil covering operation were determined, and the main structural parameters and installation parameters of the star-tooth spherical soil-covering disc were designed. The interaction model between soil and soil-covering device was established by using EDEM. The single factor and Box - Behnken tests were carried out with the installation inclination angle, installation distance and penetration depth of the star-tooth spherical disc as the test factors, and the weight of the covering soil and the coefficient of variation of the covering soil weight as the evaluation index. The optimal structural parameter combination of the star-tooth spherical soil-covering disc was determined as installation inclination angle of 25.03°, installation distance of 196.66 mm, and penetration depth of 77. 65 mm. A field validation test was conducted under this parameter combination. The field validation test was carried out by taking the installation inclination angle of 25°, installation distance of 197 mm, and penetration depth of 77 mm. The test results showed that the average weight of covering soil was 241.46 g, which was consistent with the simulation results, and the relative error was 5. 12%. The coefficient of variation of the covering soil weight was 3. 71%. The weight of covering soil was uniform and the operation quality was good. The seed sowing depth met the agronomic requirements after the soil covering operation. The star-tooth spherical disc soil-covering device can effectively improve the soil-covering performance of the planter. ? 2024 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 17

Main heading: Soils

Controlled terms: Installation? - ?Quality control? - ?Seed? - ?Spheres? - ?Stars? - ?Structural optimization

Uncontrolled terms: Coefficients of variations? - ?EDEM simulation? - ?Inclination angles? - ?Planter? - ?Soil coverings? - ?Soil weight? - ?Soil-covering device? - ?Spherical discs? - ?Star-tooth spherical disk? - ?Structural parameter

Classification code: 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?657.2 Extraterrestrial Physics and Stellar Phenomena? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?913.3 Quality Assurance and Control? - ?921.5 Optimization Techniques

Numerical data indexing: Mass 2.4146E-01kg, Percentage 1.20E+01%, Percentage 7.10E+01%, Size 1.9666E-01m, Size 1.97E-01m, Size 6.50E-02m, Size 7.70E-02m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2024.04.002

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

29. Spindle Speed Control Method of Straw Picking Compactor

Accession number: 20242016103997

Title of translation: 基于GPC-ILC的秸秆捡拾致密成型机主轴转速控制方法研究

Authors: Wang, Wei (1); Ji, Dong (1); Gong, Yuanjuan (1); Bai, Xuewei (1); Li, Ning (2); Li, Hongyu (2)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Engineering, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang; 110866, China; (2) Liaoning Ningyue Agricultural Machinery Equipment Co., Ltd., Jinzhou; 121400, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 55

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 2024

Publication year: 2024

Pages: 82-90 and 135

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to solve the problem of automatic control of spindle rotation speed of straw picking compactor and facilitate the full mechanization of the compactor, the mathematical model and rotation speed prediction model of the electro-hydraulic control system were designed. The spindle rotation speed control method based on GPC - ILC for straw compactor was proposed. By collecting input and output data during the previous operation of the straw compactor, using the least square method with forgetting factors to identify the parameter model of generalized predictive control and calculate the predictive output value. By correcting the predictive output value based on historical model errors, and deriving an iterative learning control law, new control quantities were calculated online and real-time to achieve spindle speed control. Under the proposed algorithm, a field harvest experiment was conducted. When increasing the load, the maximum dynamic deviation of the rotational speed was 3.21 r/min, the deviation from the target value was 2. 6%, and the maximum margin was 1. 23 r/min. During load shedding, the maximum dynamic deviation was 2. 23 r/min, the deviation from the target value was 2. 47%, and the maximum margin was 0. 89 r/min. The time for increasing or decreasing the load speed to reach stability was less than 5s, and the overshoot was less than 3%. Field experiments showed that the maximum dynamic deviation was 3.75 r/min, the deviation from the target value was 3.47%, and the maximum margin was 1. 79 r/min, which met the needs of field operation of the molding machine. GPC - ILC algorithm can timely correct the uncertainty of rotational speed control caused by model mismatch and interference. ? 2024 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 27

Main heading: Least squares approximations

Controlled terms: Agricultural machinery? - ?Automation? - ?Control theory? - ?Iterative methods? - ?Model predictive control? - ?Predictive control systems? - ?Rotation? - ?Speed control? - ?Two term control systems

Uncontrolled terms: Control methods? - ?Dynamic deviations? - ?Iterative control? - ?Maximum margin? - ?Predictive control? - ?Rotation speed? - ?Spindle rotation? - ?Spindle speed? - ?Straw picking compactor? - ?Target values

Classification code: 731 Automatic Control Principles and Applications? - ?731.1 Control Systems? - ?731.3 Specific Variables Control? - ?821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment? - ?921.6 Numerical Methods? - ?931.1 Mechanics

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 6.00E+00%, Time 5.00E+00s, Angular velocity 1.3193E+00rad/s, Angular velocity 1.4863E+00rad/s, Angular velocity 3.841E-01rad/s, Angular velocity 5.3607E-02rad/s, Angular velocity 6.2625E-02rad/s, Percentage 3.00E+00%, Percentage 3.47E+00%, Percentage 4.70E+01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2024.04.008

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

30. Soil Salt Inversion of Typical Improvement Demonstration Area of South Bank of Yellow River Based on Sentinel-2 Images

Accession number: 20242016104039

Title of translation: 基于Sentinel-2影像的黄河南岸典型改良示范区土壤含盐量反演模型

Authors: Wang, Yuxuan (1); Qu, Zhongyi (2); Bai, Yanying (1); Liu, Xia (1); Liu, Quanming (1); Liu, Qi (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Water Conservation and Civil Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot; 010018, China; (2) School of Energy and Environment, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou; 014010, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 55

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 2024

Publication year: 2024

Pages: 290-299 and 439

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Soil salinization seriously restricts the circular development of farmland economic production, and it is of great significance to monitor the dynamic change of soil salinity efficiently and accurately for the improvement and utilization of saline-alkali land. To timely and effectively monitor saline content in four typical salinized farmland improvement demonstration areas on the south bank of the Yellow River in Inner Mongolia, for example, using Sentinel - 2 multispectral remote sensing image, synchronous collecting the surface soil salt data, screening sensitive spectral index through correlation analysis, based on three simple machine learning models of PLSR, SR and RR and Transformer deep learning model, finally precision evaluation and optimization of the best salt inversion model was carried out. The results showed that the visible light, red edge, and near-red band reflectance values of soil reflectivity in the demonstration area were positively correlated with soil salt content. The reflectivity values of the shortwave infrared band were negatively correlated with soil salt content. Introducing spectral index can effectively improve the correlation between Sentinel - 2 remote sensing images and the salt content of the surface soil in the demonstration area (I r I > 0. 32). A comparison of different models found that the Transformer deep learning model outperformed the simple machine learning model, and the R and RMSE of the validation set were 0. 546 and 2. 687 g/kg; the salt inversion results were consistent with the field results, which provided a reference for more accurate inversion and improvement of the salinization degree in the south bank of the Yellow River in Inner Mongolia. ? 2024 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 43

Main heading: Remote sensing

Controlled terms: Deep learning? - ?Demonstrations? - ?Farms? - ?Image enhancement? - ?Learning systems? - ?Reflection? - ?Soils

Uncontrolled terms: Inner Mongolia? - ?Remote-sensing? - ?Salt inversion? - ?Sentinel - 2? - ?Soil salinization? - ?Soil salts? - ?Spectral indices? - ?Surface soil? - ?Transformer? - ?Yellow river

Classification code: 461.4 Ergonomics and Human Factors Engineering? - ?483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control

Numerical data indexing: Mass 6.87E-01kg

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2024.04.029

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

31. Simulation of N2O Emission from Sloped Peanut Field on Red Soil Based on DNDC Model

Accession number: 20242016103980

Title of translation: 基于DNDC模型的红壤旱坡花生地N2O排放模拟研究

Authors: Zhao, Liwen (1, 2); Zuo, Jichao (1); Nie, Xiaofei (1); Liu, Shiyu (2); Xiao, Guobin (3); Zheng, Haijin (1)

Author affiliation: (1) Jiangxi Academy of Water Science and Engineering, Nanchang; 330029, China; (2) College of National Territorial Resources and Environment, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang; 330045, China; (3) Jiangxi Institute of Red Soil and Cermplasm Resources, Nanchang; 330046, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 55

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 2024

Publication year: 2024

Pages: 300-311

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: To explore the applicability of the DNDC model in simulating N2O emission from red soil slope farmland, two tillage treatments (conventional tillage and no-tillage) were set up for peanut field in northern Jiangxi Province. Field in-situ observation experiments of N2O emission were carried out for three consecutive years (2019-2021) by static box - gas chromatography to study the characteristics of N2O emission and the simulation effect of DNDC model under different tillage treatments. The results showed that the DNDC model had a good simulation effect on soil temperature in 0 ~ 10 cm (the correlation coefficient r was 0. 86 ~ 0. 87) and crop yield (r was 0. 90) under different tillage treatments. The model could effectively simulate the fluctuation of N2O emission which caused by fertilization and rainfall during peanut season, as well as the peak of N2O emission under conventional tillage. However, this model would underestimate the N2O emission peak and its total amount to some extent under no-tillage, and had a smaller response to rainfall which was below 16 mm. Soil pH value and fertilization amount had the greatest impact on N2O emissions from sloped peanut field on red soil. Rainfall, soil organic carbon and clay content were also important factors affecting N2O emissions. According to simulate N2O emission and peanut yield under different amount of fertilizer application in 2019, it was found that the application amount of nitrogen fertilizer should not be less than 76. 54 kg/hm, and should not exceed 106. 78 kg/hm. The research results can provide theoretical basis for optimizing crop planting and reducing agricultural greenhouse gas emission in red soil slope farmland. ? 2024 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 41

Main heading: Organic carbon

Controlled terms: Crops? - ?Farms? - ?Gas chromatography? - ?Gas emissions? - ?Greenhouse gases? - ?Nitrogen fertilizers? - ?Oilseeds? - ?Rain? - ?Soils

Uncontrolled terms: Conventional tillage? - ?DNDC models? - ?Fertilisation? - ?No tillage? - ?Peanut fields? - ?Red soils? - ?Simulation effects? - ?Sloped peanut field on red soil? - ?Soil slopes? - ?Tillage treatment

Classification code: 443.3 Precipitation? - ?451.1 Air Pollution Sources? - ?483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations? - ?804 Chemical Products Generally? - ?804.1 Organic Compounds? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control? - ?821.2 Agricultural Chemicals? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products

Numerical data indexing: Mass 5.40E+01kg, Mass 7.80E+01kg, Size 0.00E00m to 1.00E-01m, Size 1.60E-02m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2024.04.030

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

32. Image Recognition of Apple Leaf Disease Based on CycleGAN-IA Method and M-ConvNext Network

Accession number: 20242116112946

Title of translation: 基于CycleGAN-IA方法和M-ConvNext网络的苹果叶片病害图像识别

Authors: Li, Yunhong (1); Zhang, Leitao (1); Li, Limin (1); Su, Xueping (1); Xie, Rongrong (1); Shi, Hanchi (1)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Electronics and Information, Xi’an Polytechnic University, Xi’an; 710048, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 55

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 2024

Publication year: 2024

Pages: 204-212

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Aiming at the problems of difficult dataset acquisition, insufficient samples, and low recognition accuracy in apple leaf disease image recognition, a disease recognition network based on multi-scale feature extraction ConvNext (M - ConvNext) model was proposed. A data enhancement method combining improved CycleGAN and affine transformation (CycleGAN - IA) was used. Firstly, the CycleGAN network structure was optimized by using a convolutional kernel with a smaller sensory field and a residual attention module, and a binary cross-entropy loss function instead of the mean-variance loss function of CycleGAN network, in order to generate high-quality sample images and improve the complexity of sample features; then affine transformation was applied to the generated images to improve the spatial complexity of the data samples, which solved the problem of insufficient data samples, and was used to assist the subsequent disease recognition model. Secondly, the M - ConvNext network was constructed, which was designed with the G - RFB module to acquire and fuse the feature information of each scale, and the GELU activation function enhanced the feature expression ability of the network to improve the accuracy of apple leaf disease image recognition. Finally, the experimental results showed that the CycleGAN - IA data enhancement method can play a good role in expanding the dataset, and it was verified on the commonly used network that the enhanced dataset can effectively improve the accuracy of apple leaf disease image recognition; through the ablation and comparison experiments, the recognition accuracy of M - ConvNex can be up to 99. 18%, which was 0. 41 percentage points more than the original ConvNext network, and 3. 78 percentage points, 7. 35 percentage points, 4. 07 percentage points higher than that of ResNet50, MobileNetV3, and EfficientNetV2 networks, respectively, which provided an idea and laid a foundation for the subsequent recognition of crop diseases. ? 2024 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 26

Main heading: Feature extraction

Controlled terms: Complex networks? - ?Extraction? - ?Fruits? - ?Generative adversarial networks? - ?Image enhancement? - ?Image recognition? - ?Metadata

Uncontrolled terms: Affine transformations? - ?Apple leaf? - ?Data enhancement? - ?Disease identification? - ?Features extraction? - ?Leaf disease? - ?Multi-scale feature extraction? - ?Multi-scale features? - ?Percentage points? - ?Recognition accuracy

Classification code: 722 Computer Systems and Equipment? - ?723.4 Artificial Intelligence? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.80E+01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2024.04.020

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

33. Simulation and Experiment on Interaction Process between Seed Corn and Corn Husking Mechanism

Accession number: 20242116112905

Title of translation: 制种玉米与剥皮机构互作过程仿真与试验

Authors: Chen, Junzhi (1); Shi, Ruijie (1); Dai, Fei (1); Zhao, Wuyun (1); Zhao, Yiming (1); Xin, Shanglong (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou; 730070, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 55

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 2024

Publication year: 2024

Pages: 91-100

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In view of the phenomenon of large grain loss in corn production using field corn husker, the collision and friction between corn ear and husker mechanism in the process of husking was theoretically analyzed, the main factors affecting the husker effect was obtained, and the discrete element and multi-body dynamic flexible model of corn ear - husker mechanism system was established. DEM - MBD co-simulation technology was used to simulate the interaction process between seed making corn and husking mechanism. Box - Behnken test design principle was adopted, with the distance between the press-feed device and the husking roller, the speed of the husking roller and the gap between the husking roller as test factors, and the average forward speed and maximum force of the fruit ear as test indexes, three-factor and three-level tests were carried out. Finally, bench test and field test were carried out. The results of theoretical analysis showed that the advance speed of corn ears along the peeling roller line and the applied force during the peeling process could represent the stripping rate of bracts and grain loss rate respectively. The test results showed that the optimum working parameter combination of corn husking mechanism was as follows; the distance between the press feeder and the peeling roller was 32 mm, the rotating speed of the peeling roller was 430 r/min, and the gap between the peeling roller was -0. 3 mm. In this case, the husk stripping rate was 93. 33%, the kernel shedding rate was 1. 802%, and the kernel breakage rate was 1. 203%. The error between the field test and bench test results was less than 3%. The roller used in the experiment can meet the performance requirements of corn husking, and the method used can provide some reference for the improvement of corn husking mechanism. ? 2024 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 27

Main heading: Presses (machine tools)

Controlled terms: Grain (agricultural product)? - ?Rollers (machine components)

Uncontrolled terms: Bench tests? - ?Cosimulation? - ?DEM - MBD co-simulation? - ?Field test? - ?Flexible model? - ?Grain loss? - ?Husking mechanism? - ?Interaction process? - ?Seed corns? - ?Stripping rate

Classification code: 601.2 Machine Components? - ?603.1 Machine Tools, General? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products

Numerical data indexing: Angular velocity 7.181E+00rad/s, Percentage 2.03E+02%, Percentage 3.00E+00%, Percentage 3.30E+01%, Percentage 8.02E+02%, Size 3.00E-03m, Size 3.20E-02m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2024.04.009

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

34. Yield Estimation of Mulched Winter Wheat Based on UAV Remote Sensing Optimized by Vegetation Index

Accession number: 20242016104008

Title of translation: 基于无人机遥感植被指数优选的覆膜冬小麦估产研究

Authors: Wei, Chunyu (1); Du, Yadan (1); Cheng, Zhikai (1); Zhou, Zhihui (1); Gu, Xiaobo (1)

Author affiliation: (1) Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi, Yangling; 712100, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 55

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 2024

Publication year: 2024

Pages: 146-154 and 175

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to further improve the accuracy of UAV remote sensing yield estimation, taking the mulched winter wheat from 2021 to 2022 as the research object, the coating background of the multispectral images at the greening stage, jointing stage, ear pumping stage and filling stage was removed, and the best remote sensing window period was selected, and a mulched winter wheat yield estimation model was constructed based on the optimal vegetation index. The results showed that the canopy reflectivity was closer to the true value after removing the coating background by the support vector machine supervised classification method, and the yield estimation accuracy of the ear stage and the grouting stage was higher. The correlation analysis between vegetation index and yield at different growth stages showed that the best remote sensing window period was the ear extraction period. When the optimal vegetation index was selected based on stepwise regression and full subset regression, it was found that the yield inversion model had the highest accuracy when the screening variables were MCARI, MSR, EVI2, NDRE, VARI, NDGI, NGBDI, ExG based on stepwise regression. In addition, among the yield inversion models constructed by three machine learning methods, partial least squares, artificial neural network and random forest, the random forest model based on stepwise regression method had the highest inversion accuracy, with an R of 0. 82 and an RMSE of 0. 84 t/hm. The research result can provide technical support for improving the accuracy of remote sensing yield estimation and realizing the fine management of agricultural production. ? 2024 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 38

Main heading: Remote sensing

Controlled terms: Coatings? - ?Crops? - ?Feature Selection? - ?Forestry? - ?Image enhancement? - ?Learning systems? - ?Least squares approximations? - ?Neural networks? - ?Regression analysis? - ?Support vector machines ? - ?Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)? - ?Vegetation

Uncontrolled terms: Features selection? - ?Machine-learning? - ?Mulched winter wheat? - ?Remote-sensing? - ?Sensing windows? - ?UAV remote sensing? - ?Vegetation index? - ?Window period? - ?Winter wheat? - ?Yield estimation

Classification code: 652.1 Aircraft, General? - ?723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications? - ?813.2 Coating Materials? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?921.6 Numerical Methods? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2024.04.014

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

35. Behavior Recognition of Domesticated Sheep Based on Improved YOLO v5n

Accession number: 20242016101011

Title of translation: 基于改进YOLO v5n的舍养绵羊行为识别方法

Authors: Zhai, Yahong (1); Wang, Jie (1); Xu, Longyan (1); Zhu, Lan (1); Yuan, Hongguang (2); Zhao, Yifan (1)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hubei University of Automotive Technology, Shiyan; 442002, China; (2) Qinyang Beisheng Pastoral Industry Co., Ltd., Qinyang; 454550, China

Corresponding author: Xu, Longyan(xuly_dy@huat.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 55

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 2024

Publication year: 2024

Pages: 231-240

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Daily behavior is an important manifestation of the health status of livestock. In traditional behavior recognition methods, livestock usually need to be observed manually or rely on additional tools. In order to solve the above problems, an efficient sheep behavior recognition method was proposed based on the YOLO v5n model, which used the target recognition algorithm to recognize the feeding, lying and standing behaviors of domesticated sheep from the video sequence above the sheepflod. Firstly, the daily behavior images of sheep in the farm were collected by cameras, and the data set of sheep behavior was constructed. Secondly, SE attention mechanism was introduced into the Backbone feature extraction network of YOLO v5n to enhance the global information interaction and expression capability and improve the detection performance. The GIoU loss function was utilized to reduce the computational cost and improve the convergence speed of the model. Finally, GhostConv convolution was integrated into Backbone network, which effectively reduced the calculation and parameter number of the model. The experimental results showed that the parameter number of GS-YOLO v5n object detection method proposed was only 1. 52 X 10, which was reduced by 15% compared with the original model YOLO v5n. The FLOPs was 3. 3 X 10, which was 30% less than the original model. The average accuracy achieved 95. 8%, which was 4. 6 percentage points higher than that of the original model. Compared with the current mainstream YOLO series of object detection models, the improved model significantly reduced the computational and parameter complexity of the model, while also achieved higher detection accuracy. It was deployed on edge devices and met the standard of real-time detection. It can accurately and quickly locate and detect sheep, providing ideas and support for intelligent sheep breeding. ? 2024 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 26

Main heading: Object detection

Controlled terms: Behavioral research? - ?Farms? - ?Feature extraction? - ?Object recognition

Uncontrolled terms: Attention mechanisms? - ?Behaviour recognition? - ?Daily behaviors? - ?Domesticated sheep? - ?Intelligent farming? - ?Original model? - ?Recognition methods? - ?Sheep behaviour? - ?Sheep data? - ?YOLO v5n

Classification code: 461.4 Ergonomics and Human Factors Engineering? - ?723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control? - ?971 Social Sciences

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.50E+01%, Percentage 3.00E+01%, Percentage 8.00E+00%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2024.04.023

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

36. Complex Wear of Micro Centrifugal Pump under Deformable Wear Model

Accession number: 20242016104071

Title of translation: 可变形磨损模型下微型离心泵复合磨损研究

Authors: Wang, Tiantian (1); Li, Junhong (2); Nan, Lingbo (1); Chen, Diyi (1); Cao, Dongliang (3); Han, Wei (4)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&E University, Shaanxi, Yangling; 712100, China; (2) School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou; 510275, China; (3) Haier Group, Qingdao; 266101, China; (4) School of Energy and Power Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou; 730050, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 55

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 2024

Publication year: 2024

Pages: 136-145

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Micro centrifugal pump has a wide range of applications in the field of medical and chemical sewage treatment, but it often faces the problem of wear in use. In order to explore the compound wear type and wear change of micro centrifugal pump under different particle volume fractions, based on the method of computational fluid dynamics and discrete element coupling, and the deformable abrasive wear Archard model and the deformable erosion wear Oka model, the particle-component collision ratio, wear distribution and evolution of centrifugal pumps under different particle volume fractions (2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, 10%, 12%) were studied. The results showed that when the particle volume fraction was near 4%, the impact ratio between impeller blade and volute showed different trends. The wear in centrifugal pump was mainly abrasive wear, and the parts with the most serious wear in the abrasive wear accounted for 68. 5% of the total abrasive wear. With the increase of particle volume fraction, the abrasive wear at the volute changed from section VII to section I, and the front and back ends of the volute wear successively. The high wear area of erosion wear was mainly concentrated in the impeller blade, accounting for 95. 83% of the total erosion wear. The evolution law of erosion wear section at the volute was similar to the change law of abrasive wear, but the back end of the volute was worn first. The particle volume fraction had more influence on the abrasive wear deformation of volute, and the abrasive wear deformation of volute and impeller had a similar change trend to the erosion wear deformation. ? 2024 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 26

Main heading: Centrifugal pumps

Controlled terms: Abrasion? - ?Abrasives? - ?Computational fluid dynamics? - ?Erosion? - ?Impellers? - ?Volume fraction

Uncontrolled terms: Archard’s models? - ?CFD-DEM? - ?Deformable wear? - ?Discrete elements? - ?Dynamic elements? - ?Erosion wear? - ?Impeller blades? - ?Micro centrifugal pump? - ?Particle volume fractions? - ?Wear model

Classification code: 601.2 Machine Components? - ?606.1 Abrasive Materials? - ?618.2 Pumps? - ?641.1 Thermodynamics? - ?723.5 Computer Applications? - ?931.1 Mechanics? - ?951 Materials Science

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.00E+01%, Percentage 1.20E+01%, Percentage 2.00E+00%, Percentage 4.00E+00%, Percentage 5.00E+00%, Percentage 6.00E+00%, Percentage 8.00E+00%, Percentage 8.30E+01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2024.04.013

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

37. Design and Experiment of Citrus Picking Robot in Hilly Orchard Natural Environment

Accession number: 20242016104040

Title of translation: 丘陵果园自然环境下柑橘采摘机器人设计与试验

Authors: Bao, Xiulan (1, 2); Ma, Zhitao (1); Ma, Xiaojie (1); Li, Yishu (1); Ren, Mengtao (1); Li, Shanjun (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan; 430070, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment in Mid-lower Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan; 430070, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 55

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 2024

Publication year: 2024

Pages: 124-135

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In the future development of orchard industry, intelligent orchard is an important development trend. In order to realize the intelligent orchard, intelligent fruit picking is one of the key bottlenecks. In order to achieve the goal of intelligent fruit picking, a citrus picking robot system suitable for hilly dwarf cultivation of fruit trees was built. Aiming at the uneven ground between ridges in hilly orchards and the terrain inclination angle of 0° -20°, an adaptive leveling platform was designed to keep the base level of the manipulator. The visual system used the depth camera to obtain the point cloud image to establish the three-dimensional model of the fruit tree, and realize the acquisition of the position information of the fruit to be picked. In order to avoid damage to the fruit during the picking process, an integrated end-effector for shearing and clamping was designed, which protected the fruit from damage while picking the fruit by shearing and clamping. The main interference factors in the orchard in the natural environment were light and wind. The light and wind were graded, and 10 foot control experiments were set up. The results showed that under low light or normal light conditions, the average fruit positioning accuracy was 82. 5%, the end-effector clamping success rate was 87. 5%, and the average fruit picking time was 12. 3 s/piece. The average fruit positioning accuracy under high light conditions was 72%, the success rate of end-effector clamping was 80%, and the average time of fruit picking was 12. 5 s/piece. The research result can provide a reference for the study of fruit picking in hilly terrain. ? 2024 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 31

Main heading: End effectors

Controlled terms: 3D modeling? - ?Citrus fruits? - ?Cultivation? - ?Intelligent robots? - ?Orchards

Uncontrolled terms: 3d point cloud models? - ?Adaptive platform? - ?Citrus? - ?Development trends? - ?Fruit trees? - ?Light conditions? - ?Natural environments? - ?Picking robot? - ?Positioning accuracy? - ?Robots system

Classification code: 723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing? - ?731.5 Robotics? - ?731.6 Robot Applications? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 5.00E+00%, Percentage 7.20E+01%, Percentage 8.00E+01%, Size 3.05E+00m, Time 3.00E+00s, Time 5.00E+00s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2024.04.012

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

38. Research Progress on Autonomous Navigation Technology for Orchard Intelligent Equipment

Accession number: 20242016104022

Title of translation: 果园智能化作业装备自主导航技术研究进展

Authors: Dou, Hanjie (1, 2); Chen, Zhenyu (1, 3); Zhai, Changyuan (1, 3); Zou, Wei (1, 2); Song, Jian (1, 2); Feng, Fan (1); Zhang, Yanlong (1); Wang, Xiu (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) Intelligent Equipment Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing; 100097, China; (2) National Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture, Beijing; 100097, China; (3) College of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang; 212013, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 55

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 2024

Publication year: 2024

Pages: 1-22

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Orchard production management mainly includes spraying, fertilizing, mowing, pruning, pollination, flower thinning and harvest grading and other operations, which requires a lot of manpower investment. As China’s population ages, there is an urgent need to transform and upgrade orchard production management from mechanization to intelligence. Autonomous navigation technology is the key technology for realizing intelligentization of orchard mechanized equipment. Focusing on the navigation control requirements of orchard intelligent equipment, and combining with the current research status at home and abroad, the orchard operation scene perception technology, including navigation positioning information and obstacle information, navigation map construction, navigation path extraction and path planning methods, walking chassis kinematic model construction, motion control, multi-machine collaborative control technology, remote interactive control and other technologies respectively explained. With the development of smart agriculture, smart orchards have become the future development direction of orchards. Intelligent orchard operating equipment is an indispensable key link in the construction of smart orchards. On this basis, the problems faced by the development of autonomous navigation technology for intelligent operation equipment in China’s orchards were summarized, such as insufficient environmental sensing ability, unstable path extraction, inflexible local path planning, lack of environmental adaptability of navigation system, immature multi-machine cooperation and remote control, etc. The future development directions were summarized, such as multi-sensor fusion of environmental sensing and path extraction, complete path planning, strong generality of orchard navigation, and multi-machine cooperation and remote operation in multi operation links of large-scale orchards. The research result can provide a reference for accelerating the research and development of orchard intelligent equipment and promote the transformation of China’s orchard production management from mechanization to intelligence. ? 2024 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 163

Main heading: Grading

Controlled terms: Construction equipment? - ?Environmental technology? - ?Extraction? - ?Kinematics? - ?Motion planning? - ?Navigation systems? - ?Orchards? - ?Remote control

Uncontrolled terms: Autonomous navigation? - ?Development directions? - ?Environmental sensing? - ?Intelligent equipment? - ?Mechanisation? - ?Multi-machines? - ?Navigation technology? - ?Operational equipment? - ?Production management? - ?Smart orchard

Classification code: 405.1 Construction Equipment? - ?454 Environmental Engineering? - ?731.1 Control Systems? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods? - ?931.1 Mechanics

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2024.04.001

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

39. Jujube Variety Recognition Method Based on Multi-organ Feature Fusion

Accession number: 20242016103968

Title of translation: 基于多器官特征融合的枣品种识别方法

Authors: Xu, Nan (1); Yuan, Yingehun (1); Lei, Hao (1); Meng, Xi (2); He, Zhenxue (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Information Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding; 071001, China; (2) College of Future Information Technology, Shijiazhuang University, Shijiazhuang; 050035, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 55

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 2024

Publication year: 2024

Pages: 213-220 and 240

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Aiming at the problem of jujube variety identification in natural scenes, machine vision technology with jujube fruit as the research object has become one of the mainstream methods for accurate identification of jujube varieties. However, due to the small inter-class difference and large intra-class difference of jujube varieties, it is difficult for a single organ to fully express the different characteristics of jujube varieties. A method of jujube varieties recognition based on multi-organ feature fusion was proposed. Firstly, the YOLO v3 detection algorithm was used to segment and extract the jujube fruit and leaf organs in the collected natural scene images, and a multi-sample dataset of jujube varieties based on Cartesian product was proposed to construct two organ combination pairs, and then based on the EfficientNetV2 network model, a fusion strategy that can fully learn the correlation between the characteristics of the two organs was designed to improve the model performance, and a stepwise transfer training method was introduced to improve the recognition efficiency of jujube varieties. Finally, a large number of experiments were carried out on the constructed dataset containing 20 jujube varieties, and the recognition accuracy of 97.04% was obtained, which was significantly better than that of the existing research results, and the training time and convergence speed of the proposed method were also improved. The results showed that this method can effectively integrate the characteristic information of jujube fruit and leaf organs of jujube cultivars, which can provide valuable reference for other variety identification research. ? 2024 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 25

Main heading: Fruits

Controlled terms: Image enhancement? - ?Image segmentation? - ?Large datasets? - ?Set theory

Uncontrolled terms: Cartesian Products? - ?Features fusions? - ?Jujube variety recognition? - ?Machine vision technologies? - ?Natural scenes? - ?Recognition methods? - ?Transfer learning? - ?Varieties identifications? - ?Variety recognition? - ?YOLO v3

Classification code: 723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?921.4 Combinatorial Mathematics, Includes Graph Theory, Set Theory

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 9.704E+01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2024.04.021

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

40. Trajectory Planning of 4-RR-(SS)2 Parallel Robot Based on 345 - Corrected Trapezoidal Motion Law

Accession number: 20242016103984

Title of translation: 基于345-修正梯形运动规律的4-RR-(SS)2并联机器人运动轨迹规划

Authors: Lai, Haibin (1); Wang, Manxin (1); Liu, Songtao (2); Huang, Junpeng (3); Zhang, Yuxuan (1)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing; 210094, China; (2) Chenxing (Tianjin) Automation Equipment Co., Ltd., Tianjin; 300450, China; (3) Lianyungang Screws Robot Technology Co., Ltd., Lianyungang; 222000, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 55

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 2024

Publication year: 2024

Pages: 411-420

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: A novel trajectory planning method for4-DOF high-speed parallel robot was studied. The robot had a single action platform structure to reduce the weight of the end platform, so it had good acceleration and deceleration performance. The inverse kinematics model of the mechanism was established. By combining the advantages of the 345 polynomial and the trapezoidal motion law, a 345 - corrected trapezoidal motion law was constructed that can take into account both the movement duration and the motion stability. On this basis, the right-angle part of the traditional gate-shaped trajectory was transitioned through the interpolation superposition trajectory. Meanwhile, the shortest total motion duration and the minimum angular acceleration peak value were considered as the goal to optimize the timing of the interpolation and superposition. Finally, the motion frequency experiment was carried out on the prototype. Results showed that the motion frequency of the three-stage fusion path prototype can be increased to 218 times/min and its work efficiency was 55. 7% higher than that obtained by using the traditional Adept gate-shaped path. This research was of great significance as it could enhance the efficiency of parallel robots in capturing lightweight and scattered materials in production lines across various industries such as consumer electronics, chemical engineering, food processing and pharmaceuticals. The effectiveness of the parallel robots in grasping delicate materials that were scattered was significantly boosted, resulting in improved production output. ? 2024 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 24

Main heading: Trajectories

Controlled terms: Agricultural robots? - ?Efficiency? - ?Food processing? - ?Interpolation? - ?Inverse kinematics? - ?Robot programming

Uncontrolled terms: 345 -corrected trapezoidal motion? - ?Acceleration and deceleration? - ?High Speed? - ?High-speed parallel robot? - ?Motion frequency? - ?Motion law? - ?Parallel robots? - ?Performance? - ?Trajectory Planning? - ?Trajectory planning method

Classification code: 723.1 Computer Programming? - ?731.5 Robotics? - ?821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment? - ?822.2 Food Processing Operations? - ?913.1 Production Engineering? - ?921.6 Numerical Methods? - ?931.1 Mechanics

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 7.00E+00%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2024.04.041

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

41. Drying Characteristics and Quality of Paddy under Low Temperatures and Far-infrared Drying Conditions of Graphene

Accession number: 20242016103996

Title of translation: 石墨烯低温远红外辐射干燥稻谷干燥特性与品质研究

Authors: Chen, Kunjie (1); Wang, Shuo (1); Yan, Jianchun (1); Abdulaziz, Nuhu Jibril (1); Sun, Jie (2); Yu, Haiming (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing; 210031, China; (2) Yancheng Yanhai Tractor Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Yancheng; 224007, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 55

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 2024

Publication year: 2024

Pages: 346-351 and 384

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to study the graphene low temperature far-infrared drying characteristics of paddy and its influence on the drying quality of rice, the IR temperatures, grain flow and dehumidification air volume were used as influencing factors, and the head rice rate and additional stress crack index were used as evaluation indexes. A self-made circulating graphene low temperature far-infrared drying machine was used to carry out paddy drying tests. The effect of low temperature far-infrared drying on paddy drying quality and the optimization of process parameters were analyzed. The results showed that the most important factors affecting the drying characteristics and quality of paddy were IR temperature, followed by grain flow and dehumidifying air volume. With the increase of IR temperature, the drying rate and additional stress crack index of paddy were increased gradually, while the percentage of head rice was decreased gradually. Compared with hot air drying at the same temperature, the average drying rate and drying quality of graphene low temperature far-infrared drying were significantly improved. After optimization, the optimal low temperature far-infrared drying conditions for paddy were as follows; IR temperature was 43^, grain flow rate was 4 kg/min, dehumidification air volume was 193 mVh, stress crack index increment was 9, head rice rate was 79. 75%, and paddy drying quality was the best. The results showed that using graphene to dry paddy at low temperature and far-infrared can significantly increase the drying rate and improve the drying quality of paddy. ? 2024 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 23

Main heading: Graphene

Controlled terms: Drying? - ?Grain (agricultural product)? - ?Heat transfer? - ?Humidity control? - ?Infrared radiation? - ?Temperature

Uncontrolled terms: Drying characteristics? - ?Drying quality? - ?Far infrared? - ?Far-infrared radiation? - ?Far-infrared radiation drying? - ?Grain flow? - ?IR temperature? - ?Low-temperature drying? - ?Lows-temperatures? - ?Paddy

Classification code: 641.1 Thermodynamics? - ?641.2 Heat Transfer? - ?741.1 Light/Optics? - ?761 Nanotechnology? - ?804 Chemical Products Generally? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products

Numerical data indexing: Mass flow rate 6.68E-02kg/s, Percentage 7.50E+01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2024.04.034

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

42. Simulation Model of Varied-discharge Border Irrigation Based on Gradually Varied Unsteady Flow and Rapidly Varied Unsteady Flow Equations

Accession number: 20242016104004

Title of translation: 基于非恒定渐变流-急变流方程的变流量畦灌数值模型

Authors: Liu, Kaihua (1); Li, Jiang (2); Lu, Yuping (3); Jiao, Xiyun (2); Guo, Weihua (2); Gu, Zhe (2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing; 210098, China; (2) College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing; 210098, China; (3) College of Water Resources Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou; 225009, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 55

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 2024

Publication year: 2024

Pages: 251-261

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Traditional surface irrigation simulation models are based solely on the one-dimensional long wave equations, irrespective of the hydraulic performance under the varied-discharge irrigation system. The movement process of surface water flow in varied-discharge border irrigation system was analyzed, which was divided into five stages according to different boundary conditions; constant inflow stage, variable inflow stage, border head recession stage, field surface recession stage 1, and field surface recession stage 2. A numerical simulation model for varied-discharge border irrigation was developed by simulating the border irrigation system of rapidly varied discharge based on the continuity equation and the momentum equation of rapidly varied flow. The proposed model was validated by field experiments with two sets of constant-discharge border irrigation and four sets of varied-discharge border irrigation, as well as two of sets border irrigation experimental data in the literature. It was observed that in all border irrigation experiments, the proposed model reasonably agreed with field measurements. The coefficients of determination values were all greater than 0. 96 for the simulated advance times, and greater than 0. 90 for the simulated recession times. Compared with the commonly used WinSRFR model, the proposed model had similar accuracy in simulating constant-discharge border irrigation and higher accuracy in simulating varied-discharge border irrigation. The proposed model accurately simulated the inflow movement of varied-discharge border irrigation, thus providing a guarantee for optimizing the design of varied-discharge border irrigation system. ? 2024 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 45

Main heading: Surface waters

Controlled terms: Flow of water? - ?Irrigation? - ?Numerical models? - ?Wave equations

Uncontrolled terms: Border irrigation? - ?Constant discharge? - ?Flow advance? - ?Inflow rate? - ?Irrigation systems? - ?Rapidly varied unsteady flow? - ?Recession process? - ?Simulation model? - ?Surface recession? - ?Variable inflow rate

Classification code: 444.1 Surface Water? - ?631.1.1 Liquid Dynamics? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods? - ?921 Mathematics? - ?921.2 Calculus

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2024.04.025

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

43. Adaptive Fusion of Gas Spectral Bimodal Information for Peanut Origin Traceability

Accession number: 20242016104055

Title of translation: 自适应融合气体-光谱双模态信息花生产地溯源方法

Authors: Shi, Yan (1); Ren, Yuqi (1); Wang, Siyuan (1); Yin, Chongbo (2); Men, Hong (1)

Author affiliation: (1) School oj Automation Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin; 132012, China; (2) School of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing; 400044, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 55

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 2024

Publication year: 2024

Pages: 176-183 and 203

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: The quality difference of peanuts from different origins is significant, and it is common to see inferior peanuts being sold with high-quality labels. Therefore, it is crucial to provide a peanut origin traceability method. A bimodal fusion feature attention (DFFA) was proposed based on electronic nose and hyperspectral system for non-destructive detection, and DFFA - Net was designed to achieve peanut quality identification. Firstly, the gas information and spectral information of peanuts from seven different origins were obtained by using an electronic nose and hyperspectral system. The gas information from the inside out of peanuts can characterize their overall macroscopic quality, while the spectral information differences of different chemical bonds and functional groups can characterize their overall microscopic quality. Then, DFFA was proposed to adaptively fuse the gas-spectral dual-modal information and focus on important features that affected classification performance. The necessity of fusing dual-modal information was verified through ablation experiments. Finally, based on the proposed DFFA module, DFFA ^ Net was designed with optimized network structure to achieve effective identification of peanut quality from different origins. Through ablation analysis and comparison of classification performance with multiple attention mechanisms, DFFA - Net achieved the best classification performance; accuracy of 98. 10%, precision of 98. 15%, and recall of 97. 88%. The effectiveness of DFFA - Net in peanut origin identification research was validated. In conclusion, the proposed DFFA -Net, combining electronic nose and hyperspectral system, effectively realized the quality identification of peanuts from different origins and provided an effective technical method for quality supervision in the peanut market. ? 2024 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 25

Main heading: Electronic nose

Controlled terms: Ablation? - ?Bond strength (chemical)? - ?Classification (of information)? - ?Oilseeds

Uncontrolled terms: Adaptive fusion? - ?Classification performance? - ?Different origins? - ?High quality? - ?HyperSpectral? - ?Peanut? - ?Quality identifications? - ?Quality labels? - ?Region recognition? - ?Spectral information

Classification code: 641.2 Heat Transfer? - ?716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing? - ?801 Chemistry? - ?801.4 Physical Chemistry? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?903.1 Information Sources and Analysis? - ?942.1 Electric and Electronic Instruments

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.00E+01%, Percentage 1.50E+01%, Percentage 8.80E+01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2024.04.017

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

44. Design and Experiment of Rotary-cutting Device for Corn Seed Production Detasseling UAV

Accession number: 20242116132912

Title of translation: 制种玉米去雄无人机旋切装置设计与试验

Authors: Chen, Liping (1, 2); Ou, Hong (1, 2); Zhang, Ruirui (2); Ding, Chenchen (2); Yi, Tongchuan (2); Hai, Jinhui (2)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Mechanical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning; 530004, China; (2) Intelligent Equipment Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing; 100097, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 55

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 2024

Publication year: 2024

Pages: 53-63

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: A rotary-cutting device suitable for a four-rotor UAV was proposed to address the problems of missing tassels after ground detasseling machine and lacking of mechanized filling and detasseling equipment of female tassel detasseling for corn seed production. Based on the operation characteristics and stability influencing factors of the detasseling UAV, the force of the cutting tool when cutting the tassel and its influence on the anti-torsional torque of the UAV were analyzed, and the overall structure of the rotary-cutting device was designed. The rotary-cutting range of the rotary-cutting device was 44 ~ 150 mm,the folding range was 541 ~ 1 318 mm, and the total mass was 4. 03 kg. Through the cutting modeling and simulation of the rotary-cutting part, the rotary-cutting method of the vertical feed cutting was selected, and the optimal parameter combination when the cutting anti-torsion torque of the rotary-cutting device was the smallest was obtained by the bench experiment. On the basis of the above, a field experiment was carried out by integrating the rotary-cutting device with the UAV. The results showed that the unit cutting force was 10. 54 MPa when the rotary-cutting speed of the rotary-cutting device was 3 954 r/min, the vertical feed speed was 5. 9 mm/s, and the cutting tool edge angle was 32°, and the rotary-cutting device could remove the tassel comprehensively. The damage rate of leaves for detasseling UAV in the field was 14. 58%, and the fluctuation rate of height was 1. 88%, which could meet the requirements of detasseling for corn seed production. ? 2024 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 19

Main heading: Cutting

Controlled terms: Cutting tools? - ?Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)

Uncontrolled terms: Corn seed production? - ?Corn seeds? - ?Detasseling? - ?Feed cutting? - ?Foldings? - ?Operation characteristic? - ?Operation stability? - ?Rotary-cutting device? - ?Seed production? - ?Torsional torques

Classification code: 603.2 Machine Tool Accessories? - ?652.1 Aircraft, General

Numerical data indexing: Angular velocity 1.59318E+01rad/s, Mass 3.00E+00kg, Percentage 5.80E+01%, Percentage 8.80E+01%, Pressure 5.40E+07Pa, Size 3.18E-01m, Size 4.40E-02m to 1.50E-01m, Velocity 9.00E-03m/s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2024.04.005

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village

45. Topological Design and Analysis for Parallel Mechanisms with Motion Decoupling and Larger Workspace

Accession number: 20242116113053

Title of translation: 运动解耦且大工作空间三平移机构拓扑设计

Authors: Shen, Huiping (1); Pan, Haiyue (1); Ding, Wenqin (2); Li, Ju (1); Du, Zhongqiu (1); Li, Tao (1)

Author affiliation: (1) Research Center for Advanced Mechanisms Theory, Changzhou University, Changzhou; 213164, China; (2) Nanjing Institute of Agricultural Mechanization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing; 210014, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 55

Issue: 4

Issue date: April 2024

Publication year: 2024

Pages: 421-430

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: According to the topological design method of parallel mechanism based on position and orientation characteristics (POC) equation and the principle of motion decoupling, a three-translation parallel mechanism (PM) with single loop and full motion decoupling was proposed and analyzed. On the basis of this single-loop PM, a third branch chain was added, and then a class of four three-translation (3T) parallel mechanisms with symbolic forward position solutions and partial motion decoupling as well as large working space was designed. Their topological characteristics were analyzed, and the main topological characteristics such as POC, degree of freedom (DOF), coupling degree (k) and motion decoupling property were obtained. The kinematics and dynamics performance of one of the PMs were analyzed, including the symbolic forward and inverse position solutions according to the principle of kinematic modeling based on topological characteristics. The velocity and acceleration curves were also obtained. Based on the derived Jacobian matrix, the conditions of mechanism singularity were analyzed. According to the deduced inverse position solution formula, the workspace of the PM was analyzed. According to the virtual work principle based on sequence single-open-chains, the dynamic modeling and analysis were carried out to solve the driving force of the PM. The correctness of the dynamic equation was verified by Matlab numerical calculation and ADAMS simulation. The three-translation PMs can be used in industrial space grasping, machining, three-dimensional error compensation and so on. ? 2024 Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All rights reserved.

Number of references: 23

Main heading: Jacobian matrices

Controlled terms: Degrees of freedom (mechanics)? - ?Design? - ?Dynamics? - ?Error compensation? - ?Inverse problems? - ?Kinematics? - ?MATLAB? - ?Topology

Uncontrolled terms: Driving forces? - ?Motion decoupling? - ?Parallel mechanisms? - ?Position and orientations? - ?Single loop? - ?Singularity? - ?Topological characteristics? - ?Topological design? - ?Topology design? - ?Working space

Classification code: 723.5 Computer Applications? - ?921 Mathematics? - ?921.1 Algebra? - ?921.4 Combinatorial Mathematics, Includes Graph Theory, Set Theory? - ?931.1 Mechanics

Numerical data indexing: Magnetic flux density 3.00E+00T

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2024.04.042

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Data Provider: Engineering Village