The real-time, synchronous, and suitable-frequency acquisition of working condition parameters of tractor field operation is of great significance for reliability analysis and optimization. A tractor-operating condition parameter testing system based on the NI-C DAQ controller was developed, the required sensors were selected, designed, and installed, and the detection software and remote monitoring platform were developed with the LabVIEW platform. The system consisted of sensors, data acquisition controllers, and data acquisition and monitoring platforms, which can realize the parameter measurement of various mechanisms such as engines, wheels, axles, suspension systems, and implements. In addition, the system can be remotely controlled and monitored in real-time via a portable touch screen. To verify the accuracy and stability of the testing system, signal error tests, and typical parameter field tests were carried out. The results of the signal error test showed that the acquisition error, packet loss rate, and initial error of all types of signals can meet the requirements of the parameter testing system. In the field test, the maximum relative error between the measured tractor wheel speed and the actual speed was 3.1%. The maximum relative error between the calculated and measured values of the horizontal traction force of the suspension system was 4.5%. The accuracy of recognizing the field operation ground type based on the measured wheel acceleration was 96%. The R2 for fitting the tillage depth according to the suspension position was 0.99156. Finally, a 24h continuous operation test of the testing system for field operation was carried out, and the system was able to maintain stable operation and accurate data at all times. Compared with similar systems, the tractor operating condition information testing system developed by this system collected more parameters, which was more convenient to operate, and provided an effective means of data acquisition for reliability analysis and optimization.