Aiming at the operation of driven stubble breaking and blocking no-tillage planter in Southwest China, due to poor flatness caused by the large slope, no-tillage surface straw and stubble, stubble breaking and blocking operation of the machine produced vibration as a whole, which resulted in poor performance of the fertilizer discharger and fertilizer guide tube, based on the principle of spiral conveying, a shaftless spiral fertilizer discharging and fertilizer conveying device was designed. Through the calculation of shaftless spiral conveying volume per unit time, the factors affecting the device discharge volume were analyzed. According to agronomic requirements, the amount of fertilizer required per unit time was calculated. And through the critical conveying speed and flow characteristics of material, the working parameters of shaftless spiral fertilizer conveying and fertilizer transfer device range were determined. Then the optimal size of the spiral blade fertilizer filling as well as the range of rotational speeds was obtained. The quadratic regression orthogonal rotation test was carried out by using EDEM simulation, and the response surface method was used to analyze the working parameters of the shaftless spiral fertilizer discharge and transfer device. Then the optimal parameters were obtained as follows: the shaftless radius was 3mm, the radius of the spiral outer axis was 12.8mm, the rotational speed of the blade was 319r/min, and the rotational pitch of the spiral was 24.5mm. Based on data above, the device was manufactured and its field performance was tested. The results showed that when the average value of the surface flatness was 8.9cm and the slope of the surface was 16.1°, the fertilizer discharge performance of the shaftless spiral fertilizer transfer device was better than that of the external grooved wheel fertilizer discharger, and the error of fertilizer application accuracy and the coefficient of variation of uniformity were 1.87% and 2.52%, respectively, under the operating speed of 1.5m/s. At 0.5m/s and 1m/s operation speed, the fertilizer application precision error and uniformity coefficient of variation all met the national fertilizer application standard. The designed shaftless spiral fertilizer discharging and conveying device met the requirements of no-tillage sowing and fertilizer application, and it can provide reference for the design and improvement of fertilizer discharging device and fertilizer conduit under the conditions of poor surface flatness and long-distance fertilizer conveying.