A split and combined vibration seeding and leveling device was designed to address the problem of poor seeding performance of the vibrating seed metering device in the super rice seedling cultivation and sowing process that made it difficult to achieve precision seeding, and a vibration seed leveling control method based on image recognition was proposed. The single factor discrete element simulation analysis of the key structural parameters of the vibration plate was carried out. The results showed that the variation coefficient of the uniformity of the vibration plate and the variation coefficient of the supply uniformity at the exit of the vibration plate was increased with the increase of depth of box. With the increase of angle of steering groove, the depth of the seed storage box and the angle of the steering groove were determined to be 12mm and 48°, respectively. A seed stream image detection and control system was designed and built. The test of piezoelectric vibration monomer and homogenizing unit image detection and rectification showed that when the proportion of white low pixels in the detected image was less than 20%, after rectification, the proportion of white pixels could meet the design requirements. The results showed that the qualified rate was not less than 93.47% and the missed rate was not more than 1.00% when the operating voltage was 150~200V. The qualified sowing rate of the three rice seeds was not less than 94.17%, and the missing sowing rate was not more than 0.67%. The device can meet the requirements of precision sowing of super rice and had good adaptability to different super rice seeds.