With the development of power electronics and energy storage technology, electrification of power equipment has become an important direction of global vehicle development. It has been successfully applied in the field of new energy vehicles, and has taken the lead in establishing a complete industrial foundation in China. At present, the global electric agricultural equipment is in its infancy, mostly based on theoretical research, and there is no mass-produced electric agricultural equipment product. The development of electric agricultural equipment has industrial advantages. The key components and software platforms of electric agricultural equipment were briefly analyzed, and a comprehensive review of the research status of electric tractors, electric micro-tillers, electric transplanters, electric orchard machines, and electric seeders at home and abroad were focused on. The performance comparison of electric agricultural equipment and traditional agricultural equipment was carried out, and the advantages and disadvantages of different agricultural equipment were obtained. It can provide support for the application scenario analysis of agricultural equipment. According to the agronomic characteristics of different agricultural equipment and the characteristics of key components of electrification, the application scenarios of different forms of agricultural equipment were expounded. Combined with the current development status of electric vehicles and the operation characteristics of agricultural equipment, the bottlenecks of the development of different electric agricultural equipment were analyzed, and the direction for the development of electric agricultural equipment was pointed out. It was hoped that the research result can serve as a valuable reference for the development of electric agricultural machinery in China.