The seeds of Ning-guo Radix peucedani are light, heterogeneous and irregular with problems of poor mobility and easy breakage. Based on the seed physical parameters and agronomic requirements of Ning-guo Radix peucedani seeds, a horseshoe wheel strip planter was designed. Analysis of the seed filling process showed that horseshoe holes can improve seed mobility and reduce seed damage. Single factor test was done by using Rocky Dem discrete element simulation software. Analysis of collision energy between seeds and seed dispenser wheels was carried out by using the Particle Energy Spectra module to predict seed breakage. A quadratic regression orthogonal rotational combination test was carried out with seed discharge wheel speed and seed guide tilt as test factors. Parameters were optimized by using regression models. The results showed that when the seed discharge wheel speed was 31.75r/min and the seed guide tilt was 31.05°, the seed discharge performance was optimal with a coefficient of variation of 11.37% for seed discharge uniformity and 1.02% for discharge stability. Bench experiments were conducted to verify the effect of different rounding radii of the type hole on seed breakage. The results were in agreement with the simulation test results, which proved the feasibility of the method. The results of the field test of the seed disperser were consistent with the bench tests and met the agronomic requirements for growing Ning-guo Radix peucedani. A prediction method was proposed for the effect of different factors on seed breakage.