In order to solve the problem of uneven fertilizer discharge flow of screw fertilizer feeder affecting precision control fertilization, the reason for uneven discharge of fertilizer is determined based on the simulation analysis of fertilizer movement during the discharge process，the structure design of oblique opening fertilizer discharge port is adopted to improve the uniformity of fertilizer discharge. Using EDEM to establish simulation model of oblique opening screw fertilizer distribution apparatus. Taking the length of oblique opening x1, angle of oblique opening x2, width of opening x3 as the test factors, and the coefficient of variation of fertilizer discharge as the test index, a secondary general rotary combination design experiment was conducted. The test results showed that the order of influence of test factors on test indexes was x3、x2、x1, and when x1 was 105mm, x2 was within range of 30°~44°, x3 was within range of 40.05~55.00mm, the variation coefficient of fertilizer discharge discharge was less than 15%, and the uniformity of fertilizer discharge was better. The bench test was used to compare the traditional and oblique opening screw fertilizer distribution apparatus. The results showed that the coefficient of variation of fertilizer discharge of the oblique opening screw fertilizer distribution apparatus was 13.59% at speed of 60r/min, which was consistent with the theoretical optimization value, and the oblique opening screw fertilizer distribution apparatus were better than the traditional screw fertilizer distribution apparatus. At the same time, based on the measured fertilizer discharge speed flow curve of the fertilizer discharger, a fertilizer discharge controller was developed and bench test was carried out. The results showed that it can achieve precise fertilization. The research result can provide some reference for improving the design of screw fertilizer distribution apparatus.