Dry anaerobic fermentation is one of the important technologies to improve the efficiency of agricultural and rural waste treatment and resource recycling. Previously, due to the problems of low methane production efficiency and uneven mass and heat transfer of this technology, the micro-aerobic synchronous pre-heating dry fermentation technology was proposed, supporting equipment was designed, and pilot and pilot tests were carried out, and the methane production efficiency was improved. In order to further improve the practical application quality of amplification equipment, based on the optimization of key components such as sealing, feed inlet and outlet, and spray circulation system of fermentation equipment, the optimal aeration rate and the material transformation characteristics of micro-aerobic pre-heating stage in practical application were further explored, the relationship between microbial ecological network was revealed, and the actual operation effect was evaluated. The results showed that the optimization of key components significantly improved the operational stability of the equipment. The optimal aeration rate was 10L/min and the volume gas production rate reached 1.20m3/(m3·d) in the micro-aerobic synchronous preheating stage. At the 40th hour, the material temperature of each layer in the aerated group was increased by 45.54%, 32.46% and 52.06% compared with that in the nonaerated group. The simultaneous pre-heating promoted the degradation of cellulose and hemicellulose in each layer of the material, improved the acidification efficiency, and increased the concentration of organic acids by 59.83%, 50.69% and 20.85%, respectively. The gas production potential of the material was increased by 34.9%. The relationship between microbial network and changes in fermentation environmental factors was investigated. It was found that the abundance of SBR1031, Synergistales and Gaiellales, which had synergistic effects in microaerobic preheating stage, were increased by 57.67%, 15.88% and 68.59%, respectively.