In order to study the influence of the core process of rapeseed pelletizing on the pellet quality, the contact mechanics of rapeseed pelletizing process were analyzed, a simulation model of the pelletizing process was constructed, validation tests were conducted and the rapeseed pelletizing process was optimized. The contact force analysis results led to the following conclusions: the tangential velocity was less than the threshold value, and no sliding friction occurred, which was the premise of bonding and coating. A larger normal contact force can increase the maximum static friction force, compact the pellet bonding, and promote the quality of pellets. Increasing the tangential contact force and reducing the normal contact force of pellets-pellets and powder-powder were beneficial to reduce the occurrence of problems such as multiple seeds, empty seeds, and deformation. The simulation analysis results showed 〖JP3〗that when the rotating speed was 1200r/min, the average speed of seed pellets and powder was 0.22m/s, creating static bonding conditions; the standard deviation of the speed distribution of seed pellets and powder was 0.42m/s and 0.52m/s; the average velocity of pellets-pellets, powder-powder, affected multiple seeds and empty seeds production. The powder supply speed affected the ratio of seeds to powder in the core bonding area. Too much powder formed empty seeds and wastes powder, and insufficient powder reduced the coating efficiency. The results of the orthogonal test showed that the powder-to-liquid ratio was the most important factor affecting the quality of pelletizing. The optimal parameters of the pelletizing rapeseed processing technology were obtained as follows: when the rotating speed was 1200r/min, the powder-to-liquid ratio was 2.1, and the powder supply speed was 24g/min, the qualified pellet rate was 95.7%, the single-seed rate was 94.9%, and the efficiency of pelletizing was 1.8kg/h. The research revealed the mechanism of seed pelletization and formed the process of rape seed pelletization, which was beneficial to promote the improvement of rapeseed seed processing level.