In order to study the influence of tractor rotation tillage load on power take-off driveline, the system dynamics modeling, bench experiment verification, field test and simulation analysis were used. Firstly, based on the structure analysis of the power output driveline, a torsional vibration coupled spatial dynamics model was established to describe the load transfer mechanism. In this model, transverse and vertical transmission effects of gear meshing were considered in detail. Secondly, the tractor power take-off (PTO) loading experiment bench was used to verify the simulation results of the model. The verification results showed that the maximum lateral and vertical mesh frequency errors were 4.24% and 5.12%, respectively, which met the modeling requirements. Then, the data acquisition system composed of wireless torque sensor and BeiDou positioning system was built, and the data of rotary tillage operation in the field under L1 (2.07km/h), L2 (3.10km/h) and L3 (5.29km/h) were collected respectively. The results of the field test showed that the load level and fluctuation range of rotary tillage were increased with the increase of gear and driving speed. Finally, the influence of PTO load on gear transfer characteristics was simulated by using the established dynamic model. The results showed that the higher the tractor gear for rotary tillage operation, the greater the vibration displacement of power takeoff driveline caused by the fluctuation of PTO load, which was mainly reflected in the lateral vibration. The above research provided theoretical model and data reference for durability design and load spectrum loading experiment of tractor power takeoff driveline.