Oat is a kind of grain and forage crop, which is an important substitute for planting structure adjustment and an important variety to improve dietary structure in China. In view of the low level of mechanization of oat production, uneven development of various links, backward basic research and low degree of industrialization in China, which affect the development of oat industry. The current situation of oat industry in the world and China was expounded, and the weak links in the whole-process mechanization of oat production was analyzed from the perspective of the whole-process mechanization technology system. The development status of oat field breeding mechanization technology and equipment, mechanized tillage technology and equipment, mechanized sowing technology and equipment, mechanized field management technology and equipment, mechanized harvesting technology and equipment at home and abroad were summarized and analyzed. In view of the shortcomings in the development of the whole-process mechanization of oat production in China at the present stage, it was suggested to conduct in-depth research on basic research, diversified technology and equipment development, new technology promotion, standard formulation, industrial economic benefits, automation and intelligent equipment, so as to boost the mechanization process of oat industry and promote the standardization and industrialization of oat industry. It was expected to provide reference for the development of oat industry in China.