To solve the problems of high working intensity, high technical difficulty, and shortage of cutting workers of natural rubber in China, a profiling progressive natural rubber tapping machine was designed. Through the analysis of the tapping trajectory equation, the lead screw transmission implemented vertical movement and the cylindrical gear meshing transmission were used to achieve the compound movement of the elliptic motion for the tapping movement way. When the whole machine was working, it was fixed on the rubber tree through the adjustable binding mechanism; the Arduino development board was used to control the motor's action sequence, Dc motor rod was used to control the knife in and out of the cutting machine, decelerating stepper motor was used to complete the compound cutting machine's rubber cutting movement, and the stepping motor was used to complete the displacement action. To verify the performance of the machine for forest test, Design-Expert software was used to design and test. The results showed that when the rubber tapping machine was at a motor speed of 21r/min, a cutter angle of 25° and a tension spring preload of 20N, the quality of rubber tapping was the best and the power consumption was the lowest, with a discharge volume of 6.29mL in the first five minutes and average power consumption of 1.07W·h. The research result can provide a reference for the subsequent development of mechanized and intelligent rubber tapping equipment.