香蕉低压过热蒸汽-真空组合干燥研究
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广东省重点领域研发计划项目(2018B020241003)


rying of Banana Using Combined Low-pressure Superheated Steam and Vacuum Drying
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    摘要:

    针对低压过热蒸汽干燥香蕉时高干燥速率与高品质难以同时保证的问题,提出了低压过热蒸汽-真空组合干燥方法,以提高干燥速率、降低物料温度,实现提高产品品质的目的。通过第一降速阶段和全阶段计算的香蕉逆转点温度分别为88.75℃和89.06℃。在高于逆转点的90℃进行低压过热蒸汽-真空组合干燥研究,结果表明:低压过热蒸汽-真空组合干燥香蕉最高温度比低压过热蒸汽干燥降低8.5℃,干燥时间比真空干燥降低30min。相比低压过热蒸汽干燥和真空干燥,第1次断裂衰减量分别下降了7.37%和36.03%,峰个数分别增加了38.27%和41.77%,香蕉干制品的脆性及脆性层次感增强,干制品的孔隙结构丰富。组合干燥的维生素C保留率达到67.9%,比低压过热蒸汽干燥和真空干燥分别提高了255%和191%。

    Abstract:

    Aiming at the problem that it is difficult to guarantee higher drying rate and the quality of banana dried by low-pressure superheated steam. A method of combined low-pressure superheated steam and vacuum drying was proposed to increase the drying rate and reduce the temperature of banana to improve the product quality. The inversion temperatures of banana investigated by the falling rate period and the whole drying period were 88.75℃ and 89.06℃, respectively. The drying kinetics and product quality were studied at 90℃ for combined low-pressure superheated steam and vacuum drying. The results showed that the maximum temperature of samples of combined low-pressure superheated steam and vacuum drying was 8.5℃ lower than that of low-pressure superheated steam drying and the drying time was 30min lower than that of vacuum drying. Compared with low-pressure superheated steam drying and vacuum drying, the number of peaks was increased by 38.27% and 41.77%, and the first fracture attenuation was reduced by 7.37% and 36.03%, respectively. Therefore, the crispness of dried banana slices of combined low-pressure superheated steam and vacuum drying was enhanced. In addition, the pore structure of dried banana slices was rich. The color quality of combined low-pressure superheated steam and vacuum drying was better than that of low-pressure superheated steam drying and vacuum drying. The VC retention was 67.9%, which was increased by 255% and 191% respectively than thta of low-pressure superheated steam drying and vacuum drying.

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王瑞芳,王竟成,赵东海,徐庆,肖波,吕黄珍.香蕉低压过热蒸汽-真空组合干燥研究[J].农业机械学报,2022,53(3):392-399. WANG Ruifang, WANG Jingcheng, ZHAO Donghai, XU Qing, XIAO Bo, Lü Huangzhen. rying of Banana Using Combined Low-pressure Superheated Steam and Vacuum Drying[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2022,53(3):392-399.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-02-06
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  • 在线发布日期: 2022-03-10
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