In order to build an industrial recirculating aquaculture pond with good hydrodynamic performance and high space utilization, the hydrodynamic characteristics and comprehensive performance of aquaculture ponds with six types of structures were compared and studied, including square, hexagon, octagon, circle, square with chamfer and square with fillet. On the basis of verifying the effectiveness of the numerical method, the influence of different structures on the velocity distribution, flow uniformity, vorticity distribution, water mixing uniformity and purification efficiency of the flow field were studied. The comprehensive performances of recirculating aquaculture ponds with different structures were evaluated from the aspects of fishing suitability, utilization rate of circulating water and space utilization rate. The results showed that with the increase of the chamfering distance and fillet radius, the water velocity distribution became more uniform, the underflow velocity was increased, and the flow uniformity, eddy current intensity and secondary flow intensity were increased gradually, which was conducive to improve the water mixing and self-purification efficiency but reduce the space utilization rate. With the decrease of the chamfering distance and fillet radius, the average velocity of the aquaculture water was gradually decreased, and the utilization efficiency of input energy of the jet was decreased. To maintain the appropriate speed range, it was necessary to increase the jet velocity, so as to produce more wastewater and reduce the utilization efficiency of the circulating water. Regular hexagon, square corner pond with k1 from 0.4396 to 0.5858 and square fillet pond with k2 from 0.6667 to 0.8333 had higher comprehensive performance. The research result could provide a theoretical basis and reference for the optimal design of recirculating aquaculture ponds, and had application value and scientific significance.