多气流协同式果园V形防飘喷雾装置设计与试验
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山东省农业重大应用技术创新项目(SD2019NJ001)、山东省园艺机械与装备重点实验室项目(YYJX-2019-07)和山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2018MC017)


Design and Experiment of V-shaped Orchard Anti-drift Spray Device with Multi-airflow Cooperation
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    摘要:

    为提高果园风送式喷雾靶标区域沉积量,减少果树行间雾滴飘移,在常规气流辅助喷雾基础上,设计了一种多气流协同式V形防飘喷雾装置,通过CFD仿真验证其防飘效果。以V形风场风速、横风风速、喷雾压力为因素,分别进行单因素和三因素三水平的苹果树冠层雾滴飘移沉积试验,探析多气流V形风场对雾滴冠层沉积效果的影响规律。结果表明,当横风风速为3m/s时,多气流协同作用的雾滴沉积密度、沉积量较单一气流分别提高了28.7%、17.4%,飘移量降低了21.8%;且3种因素对雾滴沉积特性都有显著影响,由大到小依次为:V形风场风速、横风风速、喷雾压力。通过响应面建立了雾滴沉积量预测优化模型,当横风风速为2m/s、喷雾压力为0.52MPa、V形风场风速为21.8m/s时,雾滴沉积量最优值为4.81μL/cm2,田间试验结果为4.72μL/cm2,与雾滴沉积模型预测基本一致。

    Abstract:

    In order to improve the deposition in the target area of orchard wind-fed spray and reduce the drift of fog drops between rows, a V-shaped anti-drift spray device with multi-airflow cooperation was designed on the basis of conventional airflow assisted spray. CFD simulation was used to verify the anti-flapping effect. The simulation results showed that the droplet deposition area of multi-airflow was more concentrated than that of single air flow, and the droplet escape rate was reduced by 40.3%. The feasibility of anti-drift and droplet uniformity test under multi-airflow and single airflow were carried out. The results showed that the droplet drift rate, quality center distance and droplet deposition distribution coefficient of variation were reduced by 29.2%, 25.2% and 30.2% compared with single airflow, respectively. The wind speed in the V-shape wind field, the wind speed in the crosswind and the spray pressure were taken as factors. Single-factor and three-factor and three-level fog droplet drift deposition experiments were carried out in apple tree canopy. The influence law of multi-ariflow V-shaped wind field on fog drop canopy deposition was analyzed. The results showed that when the crosswind speed was 3m/s, the deposition density and deposition amount of fog droplets under the synergistic action of multiple flows were increased by 28.7% and 17.4%, and the drift amount was decreased by 21.8%, respectively, compared with single ariflow. The three factors had significant influence on the droplet deposition characteristics. The influence degree from large to small was the wind speed in V-shaped wind field, the wind speed in crosswind, and spray pressure. The optimal model for predicting droplet deposition was established by response surface. When the crosswind speed was 2m/s, the spray pressure was 0.52MPa, the wind speed was 21.8m/s in the V-shaped wind field, the optimal value of fog droplet deposition was 4.81μL/cm2. The result of field experiment was 4.72μL/cm2, which was consistent with the prediction of fog droplet deposition model.

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樊桂菊,牛成强,张震明,王东伟,毛文华,姜红花.多气流协同式果园V形防飘喷雾装置设计与试验[J].农业机械学报,2022,53(3):138-147. FAN Guiju, NIU Chengqiang, ZHANG Zhenming, WANG Dongwei, MAO Wenhua, JIANG Honghua. Design and Experiment of V-shaped Orchard Anti-drift Spray Device with Multi-airflow Cooperation[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2022,53(3):138-147.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-08-04
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  • 在线发布日期: 2022-03-10
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