Aiming at the blockage problem in the material conveying of the single longitudinal axial flow wheat combine harvester, the conveying process of the wheat in the screw conveyor, indined conveyor and threshing drum screw feed head was theoretically analyzed, and the main factors affecting the conveying performance of wheat and the optimal parameter range were determined. The EDEM software was used to establish discrete element model of wheat plants during harvest, and the EDEM-Recurdyn coupling method was used to construct a simulation system for the conveying system of wheat from the screw conveyor, through the indined conveyor, to the threshing drum, and wheat migration law, axial velocity and local material mass flow rate changes were analyzed during continuous conveying. Then the feed quantity, screw conveyor speed, indined conveyor drive shaft speed and threshing drum speed were taken as the experiment factors, and the material conveying time was taken as the experiment index, the quadrature orthogonal rotation center combination experiment with four factors and five levels was carried out. The results showed that the influence of various factors on the conveying time from large to small were feed rate, speed of threshing drum, screw conveyor speed, and indined conveyor driving shaft speed. The results showed that when the feed rate was 7.52kg/s, the screw conveyor speed was 308r/min, the indined conveyor driving shaft speed was 369r/min, and the threshing drum speed was 1083r/min, the conveying time was 6.37s, and the conveying time was the shortest. Finally, the highspeed photography technology was used to verify the conveying performance. The results showed that the error between the experiment and the simulation was 4.08%, which verified the reliability of the numerical simulation results and provided a theoretical basis for solving the problem of blockage in the conveying system of the single longitudinal axial flow combine.