基于EDEM的玉米精播高位投种着床位置影响因素研究
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山东省重大科技创新工程项目(2019JZZY010732)和现代农业产业技术体系专项(CARS-02)


Influencing Factors of Corn Implantation Distribution for High-height Planting Based on EDEM
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    摘要:

    玉米精量播种机多采用高位投种,种子着床过程弹跳移位,粒距一致性变差的问题突出。为了探明高位投种着床位置影响因素,利用三维激光绝对臂测量机,扫描真实种沟外形,通过逆向建模方法构建种沟三维数字模型,采用正向测量和逆向验证组合标定种子与土壤接触参数:滚动摩擦因数0.22,滑动摩擦因数0.727,碰撞恢复系数0.16。基于标定参数的仿真试验与真实试验相比,着床种子与导种管出口距离误差为4.7%,仿真种子着床过程与真实过程接近。以播种作业速度、粒距和投种角为因素,以种子着床点与第1落点的纵向偏移量为指标,基于种沟三维数字模型,开展单因素仿真试验和两因素四水平仿真试验,单因素试验结果表明:高位投种过程中,粒距对种子纵向偏移量影响不显著(P>0.05),投种角和作业速度对种子纵向偏移量有显著影响(P<0.01);两因素四水平试验表明:相同投种角条件下,纵向偏移量随着作业速度的增大而增大;相同作业速度条件下,纵向偏移量随投种角的增大而增大;着床时种子与种床的纵向速度(种子速度沿作业方向的分量)与纵向偏移量呈线性相关关系,作业速度和投种角通过影响种子与种床的纵向速度影响种子着床分布。田间试验表明:随纵向速度增加,粒距合格指数先增大后减小,变异系数先减小后增加;粒距合格指数最大值出现在纵向速度为0.14m/s时,粒距变异系数最小值出现在纵向速度-0.18m/s时,说明纵向速度越接近零,播种效果越好,进一步验证了仿真试验结论。

    Abstract:

    Seedmeter is highheight installed by many precision planters. Seeds go through tube and get a high speed before implantation in those planters. Shift caused by a collision in high speed leads to bad uniformity of seed distance. To explore the law of seed implantation distribution based on highheight planting, an absolute arm with threedimensional (3D) laser was used to scan the soil surface profile of seed furrow, a 3D digital model of seed furrow was constructed, contact parameters between seeds and soil were calibrated. Coefficient of rolling friction, coefficient of sliding friction and collision recovery coefficient were 0.22, 0.727 and 0.16, respectively. Compared with the real test results, the distance error between implanted seed and outlet of seed tube by simulation was 4.7%. Operating speed, spacing in the rows and seed throwing angle were taken into account. Longitudinal offset of seed implantation point and the first landing point were taken as the indexes. A single factor test and a 2×4 full factor test were carried out. Singlefactor test results showed that spacing in the row had no significant effect on longitudinal offset (P>0.05), while seed throwing angle and operation speed had significant effect on the longitudinal offset of seeds (P<0.01). Full factor test result indicated that longitudinal offset was increased with the increase of operation speed under same seed throwing angle; longitudinal offset was increased with the increase of seed throwing angle under the condition of same operating speed. There was a linear correlation between longitudinal (along operation direction) velocity and longitudinal offset. Operation speed and seed throwing angle affected seed implantation distribution by influencing the longitudinal velocity between seed and seedbed. Field trials were conducted, results showed that with the increase of longitudinal velocity, the qualified index of spacing in the row first was increased and then decreased, and the coefficient of variation was firstly decreased and then increased, which further verified the conclusion of simulation test.

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颜丙新,武广伟,付卫强,高娜娜,孟志军,朱鹏.基于EDEM的玉米精播高位投种着床位置影响因素研究[J].农业机械学报,2020,51(s2):47-54. YAN Bingxin, WU Guangwei, FU Weiqiang, GAO Nana, MENG Zhijun, ZHU Peng. Influencing Factors of Corn Implantation Distribution for High-height Planting Based on EDEM[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2020,51(s2):47-54.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-08-09
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  • 在线发布日期: 2020-12-10
  • 出版日期: 2020-12-10