The potato planting areas are widely distributed, and the basic conditions of natural resources, planting scale, industrialization basis and industrial comparative advantage are different. To study the present situation of potato mechanization production in Northwest China comprehensively, the typical whole mechanized production process of potato in those regions were summarized through the method of field investigation and questionnaire, which included seed potato treatment and field mechanization. The field mechanization operation technology consisted of ploughing or deep loosening, land preparation, fertilization, ridging, film mulching, planting, soil cultivation, weeding, plant protection, killing seedling, harvesting, and film recycling. At the same time, the evaluation indexes of each operation link were listed with reference to relevant standards or technical specifications. It could provide a reference for grasping and evaluating the potato mechanized production technology systematically. Besides, the differences between the mechanization levels of potatoes in Northwest China were studied by using nested ANOVA method and paired comparison test to analyze the mechanization levels in 2008—2018. The results showed that the overall nested ANOVA model（P<0.001）was significant, and the level of mechanization in four provinces (regions) was various. The essential reasons for the difference were diverse as well. Therefore, the research emphatically expounded that governments should select appropriate planting technology in combination with the actual conditions of local potato production, adopt the whole mechanization production mode and reduce the differences between provinces (regions) in the promotion of potato technology in Northwest China.