打结器支架精铸毛坯误差分析与五轴数控加工方法
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国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0701700)和江苏高校优势学科建设工程项目(苏政办发[2014]37号)


Error Analysis and Five Axis NC Machining Method of Precision Casting Blank of Knotter Bracket
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    摘要:

    针对打结器支架铸造毛坯存在误差、支架结构复杂、难以加工成型等问题,为了减小支架毛坯铸造误差对加工质量的影响,基于三维扫描技术对打结器支架毛坯进行逆向检测与分析,得到同一批次铸造支架毛坯的误差分布规律。通过推导不同空间坐标系下的轴孔中心坐标变换规律,提出一种支架轴孔加工位置偏离理想位置的调整方法。针对打结器支架的5个空间交错轴孔和1个凸轮曲面,设计了打结器支架的专用夹具,制定了五轴数控加工工序,通过一次装夹可完成5个空间交错的轴孔和凸轮曲面的加工。将加工成型的支架和其他零部件组装成打结器,进行了方草捆打结试验,结果表明,打结器支架上各轴孔的相对位置与角度关系准确,打结动作精准、可靠,支架加工成品率为99%,方草捆成结率为100%。

    Abstract:

    The knotter bracket supports a series of executive parts of the knotter, and its quality directly affects the knotters knot rate. In order to eliminate the influence of casting deviation of bracket blank on machining quality, based on threedimensional scanning technology, the deviation distribution rule and deviation size of the same batch of casting bracket blank were obtained. A method of adjusting the machining position of bracket axle hole deviated from the ideal position was put forward by deducing the coordinate transformation rule of axle hole center under different space coordinate system. Aiming at the five different space axle holes and one cam surface, the five axis NC machining technology and special fixture of the bracket were designed. The machining method of five shaft holes with different spatial surfaces and one cam surface by onetime installation and clamping was designed. The processed bracket was assembled by this method and other parts into knotter, a series of executive parts cooperated accurately, and the square bale tying test was completed. The test result showed that based on the five axis NC machining method, the proposed deviation compensation method and the designed special fixture, the machining of the five different space axle holes and one cam surface can be realized by onetime installation. The relative position and angle of each axle hole on the knotter bracket were accurate, and the knotting action was accurate and reliable, the finished rate of the bracket processing was 99%, and the square bale knotting rate was 100%. 

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周脉乐,尹建军,朱浩,张建明.打结器支架精铸毛坯误差分析与五轴数控加工方法[J].农业机械学报,2020,51(12):417-424. ZHOU Maile, YIN Jianjun, ZHU Hao, ZHANG Jianmin. Error Analysis and Five Axis NC Machining Method of Precision Casting Blank of Knotter Bracket[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2020,51(12):417-424.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-04-21
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  • 在线发布日期: 2020-12-10
  • 出版日期: 2020-12-10