To maximize the performance of the aircooled condenser heat collection and release system, with the goal of improving heat transfer rate and COP, three key influencing factors, i.e., the air and circulating water temperature difference (air and water temperature difference), water flow velocity and air velocity were selected as independent variables, and the best control parameters were obtained through the threefactor threelevel response surface method (RSM). The results showed that under the condition of constant water flow velocity and air velocity, heat transfer rate and COP were increased linearly with the increase of air and water temperature difference. Under the condition that the air and water temperature difference was constant, the heat transfer rate was increased with the increase of the water flow velocity or air velocity, but the COP tended to increase first and then decrease. Further, the RSM was used to draw the significance order of the three factors on heat transfer rate as descending order was as follows: water flow velocity, air velocity, and air and water temperature difference, the significance order of the three factors on COP as descending order was as follows: air velocity, water flow velocity, and air and water temperature difference. The optimal control parameters of the system were: air velocity of 1.91m/s, water flow velocity of 1.23m/s, and air and water temperature difference of 5.8℃, under this operating condition, the heat transfer rate was 5.88kW, and the COP was 4.9. Therefore, it was feasible to use the RSM to optimize the parameters of the greenhouse heat collection and release system. This study provided an optimization method of the operating parameters for the efficient and energysaving operation of this type of heat collection and release system. The full play of the performance of the aircooled condenser heat collection and release system provided data support. 