Mengjin County was selected as the case study area to construct the evaluation system of ecological importance for territorial space from the aspects of ecological service, landscape integrity and ecological sensitivity. And a quantitative analysis was made on the evolution of cultivated land in different ecological functional areas from 2001 to 2018. With the ultimate goal of promoting the restoration of ecological functions and the development of highquality agriculture in the Yellow River shoal area, a classified regulation scheme was put forward in combination with relevant planning. The results showed that the national spatial ecological importance of Mengjin County can be divided into high important area (104.61km2), middle important area (245.26km2) and low important area (384.90km2), the high important area was mainly located in the Yellow River beach area, which played a key role in maintaining the water ecological security of the Yellow River basin. To promote regional highquality development, it was necessary to combine the existing advantageous space and social and economic foundation to work out differentiated farmland regulation plans. In the high important area, it was important to actively promote the return of farmland to the beach and implement the ecological tillage model. In the middle important area, it was necessary to intensify the improvement of cultivated land which was not convenient for cultivation to create conditions for largescale farmland construction. In the low important area, the social platform should be used to promote the compound utilization of cultivated land. It was determined that the area needed to be converted to farmland in the Yellow River beach area of Mengjin County was 12.67km2, the orderly withdrawal of cultivated land in the beach area was conducive to magnifying the superposition effect of the national Yellow River strategy. 